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IF 2.3 3区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Device and Materials Reliability Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1109/TDMR.2025.3603930

引用次数: 0

A Few-Shot Learning Method Incorporating Graph Sample Augmentation for UAV Fault Detection With Signal Loss 基于图样本增强的无人机信号丢失故障检测少镜头学习方法

IF 4.3 2区综合性期刊

IEEE Sensors Journal Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2025.3604841

Yi He;Gong Meng;Fuyang Chen;Shize Qin

{"title":"A Few-Shot Learning Method Incorporating Graph Sample Augmentation for UAV Fault Detection With Signal Loss","authors":"Yi He;Gong Meng;Fuyang Chen;Shize Qin","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3604841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3604841","url":null,"abstract":"The shortage of labeled historical data, particularly the reduction of partial sensor signals in flight logs, has diminished the accuracy of UAV fault detection methods during long-term flights. The limited prior spatial information derived from scarce and incomplete historical data causes overfitting in detection models, particularly when addressing large-scale and heterogeneous online data. This article proposes a self-supervised prototypical network (SSPN) with a graph sample augmentation method (GSAM) to leverage a small amount of available training samples and enhance the generalization performance of the fault detectors. Missing sensor signals are reconstructed by exploiting the remaining sensor signals in the historical data to create complete monitoring samples. Subsequently, a subset of sensors is randomly removed from these complete samples, and additional samples are resampled from them to augment the training dataset. The augmented training samples are grouped and aggregated into multiple prototypes based on their categories. Online data are sequentially matched to the prototypes corresponding to various fault types and identified based on their similarity. For unlabeled unknown faults, a metatrained detector is designed to quickly learn and classify anomalies by utilizing prior knowledge from related metatasks. The experimental results, based on datasets from three UAVs, demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 20","pages":"39246-39259"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145289548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On Kink Modes and Low-n Kink β Limits in HL-2A Sawtooth Discharges HL-2A锯齿状放电的扭结模式和低n扭结β极限

IF 1.5 4区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2025.3604770

Yong Shen;Jiaqi Dong;Hongda He

{"title":"On Kink Modes and Low-n Kink β Limits in HL-2A Sawtooth Discharges","authors":"Yong Shen;Jiaqi Dong;Hongda He","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2025.3604770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2025.3604770","url":null,"abstract":"Kink mode is one of the most important macroinstabilities in sawtooth discharge. In this article, the nature of kink modes was investigated through a combination of HL-2A experiments and simulations. Multiple <bold>n (toroidal mode number) kink branches were found in HL-2A sawtooth discharges. The distinct roles of different <bold>n-kink modes in plasma instability were identified. The <bold>n = 1 mode is identified as the dominant kink mode. The mode structure shrinks toward the center with an increase in <bold>n value. The mode linear growth rate is not necessarily related to whether the mode dominates plasma. The weakening effect of the shorter wavelength and its higher internal localization partially offset the advantage of the higher <bold>n mode in the global plasma instability. In practice, multiple <bold>n-kink branches tend to be stable if <bold>n = 1 mode is stable. Among the low-<italic>n modes, the stability limits for <bold>n <inline-formula> <tex-math>$gt$ </tex-math></inline-formula> 1 modes would not be lower than <bold>n = 1 mode at <inline-formula> <tex-math>$mathbf {q}_{mathbf {0}}=mathbf {1.05}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and its adjacent areas, and the stability limits of <bold>n = 1 and <bold>2 kink modes decrease with <inline-formula> <tex-math>$mathbf {q}_{mathbf {0}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and exhibit some linear relationships if a normally parabolic current density profile is considered, which hints for the determination of the operational <inline-formula> <tex-math>$boldsymbol {beta }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> for HL-2A sawtooth discharges.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"53 10","pages":"3129-3140"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145290246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inverse Design Approach by Deep Learning for Thermally Modulated Graphene Supported Multi-Functional Bio-Sensor 基于深度学习的热调制石墨烯支撑多功能生物传感器逆设计方法

IF 1.5 4区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2025.3602713

Abhishek Kumar

{"title":"Inverse Design Approach by Deep Learning for Thermally Modulated Graphene Supported Multi-Functional Bio-Sensor","authors":"Abhishek Kumar","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2025.3602713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2025.3602713","url":null,"abstract":"An electrically and thermally tunable absorber is designed using graphene and vanadium dioxide (VO2). A monolayer graphene sheet positioned on top acts as a multinarrowband resonator, with its voltage tunability capability allowing for controlled responses. Increasing the chemical potential of graphene results in wideband responses achieved at lower frequencies. A VO2 layer is placed between the graphene and the back layer. At lower temperatures, VO2 operates as a dielectric spacer, enabling multiband resonance. Below 300 K, the device functions as an ultranarrow multiband absorber, demonstrating remarkable sensitivity (<italic>S) of 60 GHz/RIU, 60 GHz/RIU, and 210 GHz/RIU with quality factor (<italic>Q) 84, 38, and 68, respectively. Its biosensing capabilities are explored, particularly its proficiency in detecting malaria and glucose with high sensing performance. This innovative configuration substitutes conventional dielectric spacers and introduces thermal tunability. As the temperature increases, the conductivity of VO2 rises, transforming the device into a reflector.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"53 10","pages":"3187-3193"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145290212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Linear, Non-Linear, and Ferroelectric Behavior in 0–3 Nanoparticle-Polymer Dielectrics of Ba(Ti, MV)O3 (M = Nb, Ta) 0-3纳米粒子- Ba(Ti， MV)O3 （M = Nb, Ta）聚合物介电体的线性、非线性和铁电行为

IF 2.1 4区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/TNANO.2025.3606832

Julien Lombardi;Fariha Reza;Nasim Farahmand;Rajinder Deol;Nitika Batra;Jonathan E. Spanier;Christine K. McGinn;Ioannis Kymissis;Stephen O’Brien

{"title":"Linear, Non-Linear, and Ferroelectric Behavior in 0–3 Nanoparticle-Polymer Dielectrics of Ba(Ti, MV)O3 (M = Nb, Ta)","authors":"Julien Lombardi;Fariha Reza;Nasim Farahmand;Rajinder Deol;Nitika Batra;Jonathan E. Spanier;Christine K. McGinn;Ioannis Kymissis;Stephen O’Brien","doi":"10.1109/TNANO.2025.3606832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNANO.2025.3606832","url":null,"abstract":"Nanodielectrics based upon nanoscale Ba(Ti, MV)O3, where M = Nb or Ta, were prepared and electrically characterized for their potential use as a high permittivity dielectric layer. Nanocrystals of Ba(Ti, Nb)O3 (BTNO) and Ba(Ti, Ta)O3 (BTTO) of average size 20 nm (range 10–50 nm) with a non-centrosymmetric (polarizable) crystal structure were synthesized, dispersed in alcohol solvents and blended with three polymers of known but differing dielectric and electromechanical behavior: Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), Polyfurfuryl alcohol (PFA) and Polyvinylidene fluoride–trifluoroethylene (PVDF-TrFE). 0–3 nanoparticle-polymer pressed pellets, films and metal-insulator-metal devices were prepared for electrical characterization. Analysis of the Ba(Ti, MV)O3-PVP and Ba(Ti, MV)O3 -PFA composites showed a high effective permittivity, low loss, low leakage and voltage tolerance, demonstrating the capability for high energy density capacitance. Effective permittivity, of 52 (BTNO-PFA) and 42 (BTTO-PFA) for pellet nanocomposites and 32 (BTNO-PVP) and 20 (BTNO-PVP) film nanocomposites were observed at 1 MHz respectively. Voltage breakdown strengths of 2133 V/mm (BTNO) and 833 V/mm (BTTO) were demonstrated respectively (threshold 0.1 μA). Linear and non-linear dielectric behavior was studied by polarization-electric field (P-E) hysteresis measurements. Nanocomposites of BTNO-PVDF-TrFE were prepared to assess the viability of making ferroelectric nanocomposites over a range of polymer-nanoparticle volume fractions.","PeriodicalId":449,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology","volume":"24 ","pages":"452-461"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145210097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

PFDE-DCN: A Lightweight Class Incremental Learning Method for Radar HRRP Recognition 一种用于雷达HRRP识别的轻量级类增量学习方法PFDE-DCN

IF 4.3 2区综合性期刊

IEEE Sensors Journal Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2025.3604333

Zilin Li;Jidai Fu;Wentao Li;Shuai Li;Biao Tian;Shiyou Xu

{"title":"PFDE-DCN: A Lightweight Class Incremental Learning Method for Radar HRRP Recognition","authors":"Zilin Li;Jidai Fu;Wentao Li;Shuai Li;Biao Tian;Shiyou Xu","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3604333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3604333","url":null,"abstract":"Deep neural networks have been widely used in the field of high-resolution range profile (HRRP) radar automatic target recognition (RATR) and have achieved promising results. However, when a new target class appears, how the deep neural networks learn new knowledge and update the model is still an emerging problem. Directly using the new target class samples to train the deep neural networks will cause the problem of “catastrophic forgetting.” In this article, we propose a two-stage distillation learning method, PFDE-DCN, to solve the HRRP class incremental learning (CIL) problem. First, we use a machine learning boosting algorithm to dynamically extend the network and a pooled distillation learning algorithm to enable knowledge migration between the old and new feature extraction networks. Then, we use the distillation learning method to compress the extended network. The distillation strategy keeps the critical network parameters and removes the redundant network parameters to avoid the infinite increase of model complexity. We conduct experiments on both simulated and measured aircraft HRRP datasets, and the experimental results show that our method PFDE-DCN obtains the state-of-the-art performance.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 19","pages":"37522-37536"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145204554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Terahertz Band Traveling-Wave Tube Based on Folded-Waveguide Slow-Wave Structure With Multiple Sheet Beams 基于多片波束折叠波导慢波结构的太赫兹行波管

IF 1.5 4区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2025.3597344

Yanan Ma;Fengying Lu;Rui Zhang;Yong Wang;Suye Lü

{"title":"Terahertz Band Traveling-Wave Tube Based on Folded-Waveguide Slow-Wave Structure With Multiple Sheet Beams","authors":"Yanan Ma;Fengying Lu;Rui Zhang;Yong Wang;Suye Lü","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2025.3597344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2025.3597344","url":null,"abstract":"A novel multiple sheet beams (MSBs) slow-wave structure (SWS), the horizontal multiple sheet beams folded-waveguide SWS (HMSB-FW SWS), was proposed for terahertz (THz) traveling-wave tubes (TWTs). This design aims to enhance the output power and meet the increasing demand for high-frequency and high-power THz radiation sources used in various applications. By utilizing MSB, the HMSB-FW SWS aims to improve the interaction between the electron beam and the electromagnetic wave. Compared with a vertical multiple sheet beams FW-SWS (VMSB-FW SWS), the HMSB-FW SWS offers a higher interaction impedance, leading to enhanced output power and gain. Simulation results indicate that the proposed HMSB-FW TWT exhibits significant improvements by over two times compared with the VMSB-FW TWT in amplification performance. Based on simulation results, with a magnetic field of 0.6 T and driven by an input signal at a frequency of 230 GHz, a saturated power of 100 W was obtained with a gain of 23 dB, an electron efficiency of 10%, and a 3-dB bandwidth of 20 GHz. Due to the limited fabrication accuracy at THz band, the FW-SWS requires specific tolerance and manufacturing compatibility. A study on zero-drive oscillations was performed to assess the stability of the proposed MSB-FW TWT.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"53 10","pages":"3179-3186"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145290253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Personality Assessment From Gait With Wearable IoT Sensors and Multiscale CNN 基于可穿戴物联网传感器和多尺度CNN的步态人格评估

IF 4.3 2区综合性期刊

IEEE Sensors Journal Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2025.3604225

Huawei Zhang;Yu Tian;Qiaojiao Wang;Jian Li;Xiaodong Yu;Chao Lian;Gloria Jiahui Lin;Dannii Y. Yeung;Wen Jung Li;Yuliang Zhao

{"title":"Personality Assessment From Gait With Wearable IoT Sensors and Multiscale CNN","authors":"Huawei Zhang;Yu Tian;Qiaojiao Wang;Jian Li;Xiaodong Yu;Chao Lian;Gloria Jiahui Lin;Dannii Y. Yeung;Wen Jung Li;Yuliang Zhao","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3604225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3604225","url":null,"abstract":"Personality reflects an individual’s enduring patterns of thought and behavior, while gait—a measurable and consistent behavioral trait—offers a unique and objective way to assess personality through natural, nonvolitional movement. Unlike traditional methods, such as self-report questionnaires, which are often subject to biases and limited accuracy, gait-based assessment provides a more direct and spontaneous measure of personality. This study introduces a gait-based personality assessment system that leverages a low-cost wearable Internet of Things (IoT) sensor to capture fine-grained motion data, including triaxial acceleration and angular velocity from the wrist and the ankle. By focusing on the natural, involuntary aspects of gait, the system avoids the biases inherent in self-presentation. Additionally, the study presents the “Gait–Personality” dataset, featuring advanced gait phase segmentation and optimized feature extraction techniques to enhance data quality. To tackle challenges like variability in stride length and cadence, a multiscale 1-D convolutional neural network (MS-1D-CNN) was developed. By utilizing convolutional layers with multiple kernel sizes, the model captures both detailed and high-level temporal features, effectively adapting to diverse gait patterns while remaining robust to sensor variability. Experimental results demonstrate classification accuracies ranging from 77% to 84.5% across the Big Five personality dimensions, validating the system’s ability to objectively capture authentic personality traits. This study establishes a reliable, cost-efficient, and scalable framework for personality assessment, offering broad implications for psychological evaluation, mental health monitoring, and human–computer interaction, with the potential for widespread real-world applications.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 20","pages":"39230-39245"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145289543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electron-Beam Corkscrew Motion Through the Scorpius Injector 电子束螺旋运动通过天蝎座注入器

IF 1.5 4区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2025.3603453

Carl Ekdahl

引用次数: 0

Design and Simulation Investigations of Ultrawideband Metamaterial-Based Terahertz Absorber 超宽带超材料基太赫兹吸收器的设计与仿真研究

IF 1.5 4区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2025.3602494

Sahil Kumar;V. Sivavenkateswara Rao

{"title":"Design and Simulation Investigations of Ultrawideband Metamaterial-Based Terahertz Absorber","authors":"Sahil Kumar;V. Sivavenkateswara Rao","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2025.3602494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2025.3602494","url":null,"abstract":"A simple, ultrawideband metamaterial-based perfect absorber is proposed, featuring a novel unit cell composed of three vanadium dioxide (VO2) rings strategically interrupted by rectangular cut outs. The multilayer structure consists of tetrafluoroethylene (Teflon) positioned between VO2 and is backed by a gold (Au) ground plane, which acts as a reflective layer. The simulation results of the proposed unit cell predict that the absorption bandwidth of the proposed absorber is 4.93 terahertz (THz), spanning from 3.44 to 8.37 THz when VO2 is in the conducting (metallic) state. Within this band, the structure also demonstrates angular stability and near unity (perfect) absorption at 4 and 6 THz, making it highly suitable for applications such as THz sensing, imaging, and stealth applications. The fractional bandwidth (FBW) of the absorber is found to be 83.4%. The electric field distribution and surface current density result at frequencies, namely, 2.5, 4, 6, and 8.24 THz are presented. Moreover, the sensitivity studies of the proposed design are explored for several geometric parameter variations and conductivities of the VO2, and the potential reasons behind the respective performance are presented.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"53 10","pages":"3205-3211"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145290241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0