Case Reports in Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Severe Periocular Inflammatory Reaction Mimicking Necrotizing Fasciitis following Hyaluronic Acid Microinjections: A Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Tehila Shlomov, Nir Erdinest, Yossi Eshel, Zvi Gur","doi":"10.1159/000551132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000551132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers are widely utilized in esthetic medicine for facial rejuvenation, including in the periocular region. Although generally considered safe, severe inflammatory responses can occur. This report describes a case of a 42-year-old woman who developed a significant periocular reaction following HA microinjections, clinically resembling necrotizing fasciitis.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>The patient, with no significant medical or ophthalmic history, presented to the emergency department with acute periocular swelling, redness, and an inability to open her right eye 3 h after HA microinjections. Clinical examination revealed marked periorbital edema, chemosis, and restricted ocular motility in the right eye. The severity of the presentation initially suggested necrotizing fasciitis. A CT scan indicated preseptal cellulitis without post-septal involvement. Treatment with intravenous antibiotics, systemic corticosteroids, antihistamines, and topical therapies led to significant improvement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights the need to recognize severe inflammatory reactions following periocular HA injections, which may mimic life-threatening conditions. Timely intervention and systematic evaluation are essential for achieving favorable outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9635,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Ophthalmology","volume":"17 1","pages":"357-364"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13095192/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147763540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monotherapy with PHMB 0.08% as \"Switch Treatment\" in Complex Cases of Acanthamoeba Keratitis: A Report of Two Cases.","authors":"Eleftherios Chatzimichail, Isabel Stasik, Alexandra Steinemann, Frank Blaser, Zisis Gatzioufas","doi":"10.1159/000551097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000551097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of the study was to describe the favorable clinical outcomes of 2 patients with acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) following penetrating keratoplasty (PK), successfully managed with polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) 0.08% monotherapy.</p><p><strong>Cases presentation: </strong>Both patients developed recurrent AK after PK, confirmed by microbiological testing and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Standard dual therapy with PHMB 0.02% and propamidine isethionate 0.1% was either ineffective or poorly tolerated due to ocular surface toxicity. Transition to PHMB 0.08% monotherapy resulted in marked clinical improvement, resolution of keratitis, and substantial visual recovery. At follow-up examination 9 months postoperatively for case 1 and 12 months postoperatively for case 2, both patients demonstrated clear corneal grafts with no signs of AK recurrence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PHMB 0.08% as monotherapy proved effective in managing recurrent AK after keratoplasty, achieving favorable anatomical and visual outcomes without recurrence during our follow-up period. These findings suggest that PHMB 0.08% monotherapy may serve as a viable alternative to conventional dual therapy, particularly in cases complicated by treatment intolerance or treatment failure. Further studies with larger cohorts and extended follow-up are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":9635,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Ophthalmology","volume":"17 1","pages":"327-332"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13075877/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147688595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy in the Elderly: A Case Report.","authors":"Haoran Li, Jonathan Micieli","doi":"10.1159/000551146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000551146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a mitochondrial disorder typically affecting young males, with rare reports of late-onset disease. Among the three primary LHON mutations, m.14484T>C is generally associated with a relatively favorable visual prognosis. However, the disease in elderly patients carrying this mutation remains poorly characterized. This case represents the oldest reported patient to date with LHON due to the m.14484T>C mutation.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>An 89-year-old man presented with a 4-month history of painless, bilateral vision loss. The patient had a 30-pack-year smoking history and daily alcohol intake but no family history of vision loss. His best-corrected visual acuity was counting fingers at 1 foot in both eyes, with color vision loss and bilateral elevated hyperemic optic disks. OCT demonstrated relatively preserved GCIPL thickness and pRNFL elevation, and visual fields showed diffuse loss. MRI of the brain and orbits was unremarkable. Laboratory evaluation, including serum B12, was normal. Genetic testing revealed the m.14484T>C mutation in mitochondrial DNA, confirming the diagnosis of LHON. At 3-month follow-up, fundus exam showed mild disk pallor bilaterally, reduced pRNFL elevation, diffuse GCIPL thinning, and stable vision and visual field.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case represents the oldest reported patient to date with LHON due to the m.14484T>C mutation. Despite the mutation's typical association with better visual outcomes, the patient experienced progressive vision loss with no recovery. This case underscores the importance of considering LHON in elderly patients with bilateral optic neuropathy and highlights the potential impact of age and environmental exposures on disease expression and prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9635,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Ophthalmology","volume":"17 1","pages":"305-311"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13048728/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147621787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yoga Causing Vertebrobasilar Ischemia with Neuro-Ophthalmic Presentation: A Case Report.","authors":"Marina Shenouda, Elayna Bruce, Sanjana Jaiswal, Elizabeth O Arogundade, Zsolt Garami, Andrew G Lee","doi":"10.1159/000551028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000551028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We present a case of a woman experiencing blurry vision and dizziness consistent with vertebrobasilar insufficiency (VBI) during yoga, confirmed with dynamic transcranial Doppler ultrasound. This is the first case identifying yoga as a cause of vertebrobasilar ischemia leading to neuro-ophthalmic findings and documenting the use of dynamic imaging to confirm vertebrobasilar ischemia during symptomatic positioning.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 56-year-old female with a past medical history of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, dysthymia, allergic rhinitis, vertigo, and abnormal uterine bleeding presented to neuro-ophthalmology clinic for evaluation of transient painless bilateral \"shadowing\" of vision over the past year. The patient's symptoms began 2 years prior with vertigo. She was treated with Epley maneuvers which resolved the vertigo. A year later, she experienced an acute vision change, described as a shadow or blurriness in the center of her vision lasting 10 min. At the time, she was unable to identify a trigger. She was referred to the neuro-ophthalmology clinic for further evaluation of her visual episodes, which often occurred during yoga and were accompanied by dizziness, especially in the \"upward-facing dog\" pose. She subsequently underwent a dynamic transcranial Doppler ultrasound during head-turning maneuvers and yoga poses which showed posterior cerebral artery reduction in velocity, indicating vertebral artery compression. She was counseled on starting aspirin and avoiding triggers for VBI, including yoga and chiropractic manipulations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Neck hyperextension or rotation may lead to vertebrobasilar ischemia. Physicians should consider yoga as a potential cause of neck hyperextension leading to vertebrobasilar ischemia. This case represents the first report of yoga with a neuro-ophthalmic presentation of VBI confirmed by dynamic imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":9635,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Ophthalmology","volume":"17 1","pages":"365-370"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13105468/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147763538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Choroidal Osteoma with Focal Choroidal Excavation Masquerading as Active Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada: A Case Report.","authors":"Hanan A Alshalan, Shaima Alharazi, Nora A Alyousif","doi":"10.1159/000550373","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000550373","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Choroidal osteoma is a rare, benign ossifying tumor of the choroid that can present with clinical features overlapping those of inflammatory choroidal lesions. In patients with a history of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease, distinguishing between inflammatory relapse and non-inflammatory choroidal pathology can be particularly challenging. This case report highlights the diagnostic pitfalls associated with choroidal osteoma in the setting of prior VKH and underscores the importance of comprehensive multimodal imaging to ensure accurate diagnosis and appropriate management.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 39-year-old female with a 14-year history of VKH disease, who had been stable off immunosuppressive therapy since 2016, presented in early 2024 with a 7-week history of cloudy vision in the right eye. She was initially diagnosed with a recurrent posterior VKH relapse and treated with high-dose intravenous corticosteroids followed by an oral taper, resulting in symptomatic improvement. However, further multimodal imaging - including wide-field fundus photography, optical coherence tomography (OCT), fundus autofluorescence, OCT angiography, fluorescein angiography, enhanced depth imaging OCT (EDI-OCT), and B-scan ultrasonography - revealed a yellow-orange, minimally elevated subretinal lesion associated with focal choroidal excavation. These findings were consistent with choroidal osteoma and confirmed by EDI-OCT and B-scan ultrasonography.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case illustrates a rare instance of choroidal osteoma masquerading as a posterior relapse of VKH disease. It emphasizes the critical importance of differentiating inflammatory from non-inflammatory choroidal lesions in patients with a history of uveitis. Careful interpretation of multimodal imaging is essential to avoid misdiagnosis, prevent unnecessary immunosuppressive treatment, and reduce associated risks, ultimately leading to improved patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9635,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Ophthalmology","volume":"17 1","pages":"223-229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12987669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147462693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two Novel Variants in MT-RNR1 Gene Associated with Hereditary Optic Neuropathy: A Case Report.","authors":"Sara KamaliZonouzi, Jonathan Micieli","doi":"10.1159/000551049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000551049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hereditary optic neuropathies are primarily disorders of mitochondrial dysfunction leading to the metabolic failure of the highly energy-dependent retinal ganglion cells. Beyond the canonical variants found in <i>OPA1</i> or the mitochondrial genome, a growing subset of patients exhibits progressive optic atrophy of unknown origin. Identifying these variants is critical, as they might lead to a diagnostic delay. We report 2 cases with previously unreported MT-RNR1 variants, potentially contributing to a hereditary optic neuropathy.</p><p><strong>Case presentations: </strong>A 55-year-old woman with painless progressive optic neuropathy presented with bilateral central scotomas and temporal optic disc pallor. Nutritional, inflammatory, and demyelinating causes were excluded. Genetic testing revealed <i>MT-RNR1:m.1019A>G</i> variant, potentially contributing to a hereditary optic neuropathy. A 59-year-old woman with similar bilateral temporal pallor and symmetric retinal nerve fiber layer thinning was found to harbor <i>MT-RNR1:m.1183T>C</i> variant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>MT-RNR1</i> gene variant was the possible cause of vision loss in these patients with mild vision loss and a clinical picture consistent with a hereditary optic neuropathy. Herein, we describe two novel variants and associated clinical features. This case report introduces a previously unrecognized genetic variant, potentially contributing to a hereditary optic neuropathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9635,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Ophthalmology","volume":"17 1","pages":"387-395"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13134846/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147811460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Macular Hole Formation after Posterior Vitreous Detachment Induction in Epiretinal Membrane Surgery: A Case Report.","authors":"Jun Young Park","doi":"10.1159/000550899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000550899","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We report a case of acute macular hole (MH) formation that occurred immediately following posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) induction during epiretinal membrane (ERM) surgery, and to highlight the significance of intraoperative foveal hemorrhage as an early indicator of this complication.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 47-year-old Asian female presented with blurred vision in the left eye. Preoperative examination revealed an ERM with associated macular distortion. The patient underwent cataract surgery combined with pars plana vitrectomy, including induction of PVD, ERM, and internal limiting membrane peeling. A small foveal hemorrhage was noted immediately after PVD induction. On postoperative day 1, OCT revealed a full-thickness MH with foveal hyperreflective lesion and posterior shadowing, consistent with foveal hemorrhage. Despite in-office intravitreal gas injection, the MH persisted and required a second vitrectomy with additional gas tamponade. Follow-up OCT confirmed successful closure of the MH, with gradual restoration of the photoreceptor and outer plexiform layers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Acute MH formation can occur immediately after PVD induction during ERM surgery, even in the absence of overt vitreomacular traction or direct macular trauma. Intraoperative foveal hemorrhage should alert the surgeon to the possibility of impending MH formation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9635,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Ophthalmology","volume":"17 1","pages":"300-304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13048730/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147621802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silicone Oil Migration into the Graft Interface after Descemet Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty in a Patient with a Past Surgical History of Silicone Oil Tamponade: A Case Report.","authors":"Sepehr Feizi, Javad Rezaei, Fatemeh Hosseini, Mohammadreza Tahavvori, Mohammad Reza Simkesh","doi":"10.1159/000550878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000550878","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) is widely accepted as an alternative to penetrating keratoplasty for the treatment of corneal endothelial failure. Surgical outcomes, however, may be compromised in eyes with complex surgical histories, particularly following vitreoretinal procedures. We describe a case of silicone oil deposition at the donor-recipient interface after DSAEK in a patient with prior silicone oil tamponade.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 42-year-old man with pseudophakic bullous keratopathy previously underwent traumatic cataract surgery, pars plana vitrectomy with silicone oil injection, subsequent oil removal, and implantation of an angle-supported anterior chamber intraocular lens. He later underwent anterior chamber lens explantation, Artisan iris-claw lens implantation, and DSAEK. By postoperative day 9, multiple silicone oil droplets were observed at the donor-recipient interface, with a further increase in size and number by day 14. An anterior chamber washout was performed; however, droplets persisted at the surgical interface.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights the risk of silicone oil entrapment at the DSAEK donor-recipient interface in eyes with prior vitreoretinal surgery and silicone oil tamponade. Thorough removal of residual silicone oil before donor lenticule insertion is essential to minimize interface-related complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":9635,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Ophthalmology","volume":"17 1","pages":"380-386"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13124131/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147763514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presumed Capsular-Bag-Origin Endophthalmitis following Anterior Vitrectomy for Posterior Capsule Opacification in a Patient with Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy: A Case Report.","authors":"Akira Saitoh, Ayumi Kondo Saitoh, Yukiko Nagahara, Yusuke Tatara","doi":"10.1159/000550879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000550879","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chronic postoperative endophthalmitis is a rare but serious complication following intraocular surgery. We report a unique case of presumed capsular-bag-origin endophthalmitis that developed after anterior vitrectomy for posterior capsule opacification in a patient with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A patient with proliferative diabetic retinopathy underwent uncomplicated cataract surgery, followed by anterior vitrectomy for posterior capsule opacification. One month later, the patient experienced a marked decrease in visual acuity accompanied by dense vitreous opacity, despite minimal anterior chamber inflammation. Vitrectomy revealed inflammatory changes predominantly localized to the capsular bag. Based on the delayed onset, clinical course, and intraoperative findings, capsular-bag-origin endophthalmitis was suspected. Surgical intervention combined with appropriate antimicrobial therapy resulted in clinical improvement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Capsular-bag-origin endophthalmitis may present with limited anterior segment inflammation and delayed onset after anterior vitrectomy. This rare entity should be considered in patients with unexplained vitreous opacity following intraocular surgery, particularly in those with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9635,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Ophthalmology","volume":"17 1","pages":"289-299"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13043135/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147607945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 27-Gauge Light Pipe-Assisted Modified Kebab Technique for Safe Retrieval of a Dropped Lens Nucleus: A Case Report.","authors":"Sho Yokoyama","doi":"10.1159/000550900","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000550900","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Management of dropped lens nuclei can be challenging, and several approaches have been reported, including perfluorocarbon liquid (PFCL) flotation and the kebab technique with intraocular diathermy. However, these approaches require dedicated instruments and may involve risks such as residual PFCL retention, thermal injury, or increased cost. This study presents a case of modified kebab technique using a 27-gauge illuminated light pipe to safely retrieve a dropped lens nucleus, without requiring the use of PFCL or diathermy.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A patient who experienced a posterior capsule rupture with a dropped nucleus during cataract surgery subsequently underwent pars plana vitrectomy using a 27-gauge three-port system on the following day. After core vitrectomy and removal of the vitreous surrounding the dropped nucleus, the nucleus was gently brought closer using suction from the vitreous cutter. The tip of the 27-gauge light pipe was inserted into the nucleus, advanced to fully penetrate it, and used to establish firm fixation. The nucleus was then elevated into the anterior chamber and removed via phacoemulsification while being rotated. Postoperatively, no complications were observed, and the patient's visual acuity improved from 20/100 (logMAR 0.7) to 20/20 (logMAR 0.0) at 1 month after surgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This modified kebab technique using a 27-gauge illuminated light pipe allows nucleus fixation and retrieval in selected cases, without the routine use of PFCL or diathermy. This simple technique may serve as a practical salvage option, particularly when dedicated instruments are unavailable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9635,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Ophthalmology","volume":"17 1","pages":"248-253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13002234/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147497747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}