{"title":"Gastric Metastasis 5 Years after Primary Invasive Lobular Adenocarcinoma of the Breast.","authors":"Dongmin Shin, Haozhe Sun, Nikhitha Mantri, Harish Patel","doi":"10.1159/000528506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000528506","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancers metastasize most commonly to the bone, brain, liver, and lungs, but rarely to the gastrointestinal tract. Although metastatic breast carcinomas in the stomach can be confused with primary gastric cancers due to their nonspecific presentation and rare incidence, it is important to differentiate the two since the treatment is different. Clinical suspicion is imperative for a prompt endoscopic evaluation and a definitive diagnosis that will lead to appropriate treatment. Therefore, it is important for clinicians to be aware of the possibility of gastric metastasis of breast cancers, especially in those with a history of invasive lobular breast carcinoma and a new onset of gastrointestinal symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":9614,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Gastroenterology","volume":"17 1","pages":"221-227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10294209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9740387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eduardo E Montalvo-Javé, Edwin A Ayala-Moreno, Alejandro Rossano García, Alejandro Díaz Girón Gidi, Jorge Guerrero Ixtlahuac
{"title":"Right Hepatic and Portal Vein Embolization before Right Hepatectomy for Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases.","authors":"Eduardo E Montalvo-Javé, Edwin A Ayala-Moreno, Alejandro Rossano García, Alejandro Díaz Girón Gidi, Jorge Guerrero Ixtlahuac","doi":"10.1159/000529909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000529909","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Colon cancer has had a significant increase in its incidence in recent years. Many of the cases are diagnosed late; it is not unusual that a large number of cases present metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis, and the liver is the main organ where these lesions occur. Surgical approach to this condition has undergone many advances which have allowed a better approach to them. Local techniques such as embolization have gained momentum in recent years and are a great help to the surgical planning. We present the case of a 72-year-old female patient diagnosed with colorectal cancer and metastatic disease. Multiple liver tumors were demonstrated by imaging studies. A staged resection of the primary tumor and the metastatic hepatic tumors was planned. It was decided to perform an embolization of the hepatic artery to cause hypertrophy of the left lobe before the second stage of the surgical approach with good clinical and laboratorial findings after the surgery. Follow-up with adjuvant chemotherapy, imaging studies and tumor markers is planned. Several publications state that surgical approach of metastatic disease is still controversial and that decisions should be made under the context of each patient. Many techniques have shown good results; embolization of the hepatic tumors has a good outcome in the survival rate in selected patients. Hepatic volume and future liver remnant should be always assessed with imaging studies. Each case has to be individualized for the approach of the metastatic disease, always in a coordinated teamwork for maximum benefit of the patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":9614,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Gastroenterology","volume":"17 1","pages":"212-220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10294023/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9740386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rectal Melanoma: Rare Cancer with Grave Prognosis.","authors":"Khadija Soufi, Ferheen Abbasi, Dongguang Wei, Rashmi Verma","doi":"10.1159/000529434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000529434","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Malignant melanoma of the rectum is an exceedingly rare type of cancer with an aggressive presentation, comprising up to 4% of all anorectal cancers. Presentation of this cancer tends to occur in individuals in their late 80s, with nonspecific symptoms such as anal pain or rectal bleeding. Diagnosing rectal melanoma, especially in early stages, is difficult due to its amelanotic presentation and lack of pigmentation, which results in poor remission rates and prognosis. Furthermore, surgical treatment is difficult as these types of malignant melanomas tend to spread along submucosal planes; thus, complete resections are impractical, especially if caught later. In this case report, we present the radiological and pathological features as seen in a 76-year-old man diagnosed with rectal melanoma. Based on his presentation of a heterogeneous bulky anorectal mass with extensive local invasion, initial impressions were colorectal carcinoma. However, surgical pathology found the mass to be a c-KIT+ melanoma, with positive SOX10, Melan-A, HMB-45, and CD117 biomarkers. While the patient was treated with imatinib, the melanoma was too widespread and aggressive, leading to progression and ultimately death.</p>","PeriodicalId":9614,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Gastroenterology","volume":"17 1","pages":"235-241"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10294269/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9740392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Traditional Serrated Adenoma of the Ileum with Intussusception Successfully Treated with Laparoscopic Bowel Resection.","authors":"Ryo Nishide, Teppei Kamada, Junji Takahashi, Keigo Nakashima, Eisaku Ito, Yuichi Nakaseko, Norihiko Suzuki, Masashi Yoshida, Hironori Ohdaira, Yutaka Suzuki","doi":"10.1159/000529093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000529093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The most common site of traditional serrated adenomas (TSA) is the area from the left colon to the rectum; however, there are few reports on TSA in the small intestine. Herein, we report a case of TSA of the ileum with intussusception that was diagnosed and successfully treated with laparoscopic bowel resection. The patient was a 29-year-old female with the chief complaint of recurrent abdominal pain and vomiting. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed a mass in the ileum and intussusception with the mass as the lead point. The patient was diagnosed with intussusception secondary to a small intestinal tumor. Due to the difficulty in endoscopic treatment resulting from the localization of the lesion, elective laparoscopic surgery was planned. Intra-abdominal examination revealed intussusception of the small intestine in the pelvic ileum, and an elastic soft mass 400 cm from the ligament of Treitz was identified at the lead point of intussusception. Partial laparoscopic resection of the small intestine was performed, with an operation time of 81 min, and a small amount of bleeding. The pathological diagnosis was TSA of the ileum, and the patient's postoperative course was good, with no complications. Seven months after the surgery, no recurrence of symptoms was observed. Therefore, from our case of TSA of the ileum with intussusception that was successfully treated with laparoscopic bowel resection, we conclude that when intussusception of the small intestine occurs, TSA of the ileum with malignant potential is possible, and early diagnosis by resection should be considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":9614,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Gastroenterology","volume":"17 1","pages":"76-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/30/b2/crg-2022-0017-0001-529093.PMC9906037.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10745662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicholas Noverati, Anh Nguyen, Divya Chalikonda, Dina Halegoua-DeMarzio, Hie-Won Hann
{"title":"The Role of Host in the Spectrum of Outcomes in Family Clusters of Hepatitis Infection: From Asymptomatic to Hepatocellular Carcinoma.","authors":"Nicholas Noverati, Anh Nguyen, Divya Chalikonda, Dina Halegoua-DeMarzio, Hie-Won Hann","doi":"10.1159/000529153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000529153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatitis B virus infections are prevalent worldwide, but the outcomes of infection vary greatly from host to host. In many endemic regions, vertical transmission from mother to child is most common. In this transmission setting, virus genotype and shared patient genetics make for an interesting comparison of outcome of chronic hepatitis B infection. This case series demonstrates four family clusters which display disparate outcomes among family members with hepatitis B virus infections, further stressing the role of host and non-genetic factors in the natural history of the disease. Many host factors have been theorized, from epigenetic mechanisms to the role of chronic stress, but more research is needed to better understand those at higher risk of feared complications such as hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9614,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Gastroenterology","volume":"17 1","pages":"104-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b5/4f/crg-2022-0017-0001-529153.PMC9929652.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10825692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"<i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Reinfection Diagnosed by Endoscopic and Histologic Recurrence in a Patient with Gastric Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma.","authors":"Toshiro Sugiyama, Sohachi Nanjyo, Takahiko Nakajima, Chieko Kato","doi":"10.1159/000528309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000528309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection is a major cause of gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. Successful <i>H. pylori</i> eradication can induce a complete remission (CR); however, it takes a long time. In this case, the recurrence of gastric MALT lymphoma was observed by endoscopic and histologic findings during a 11-year follow-up and due to <i>H. pylori</i> reinfection twice. After the first successful eradication and achieving histologic CR, the patient was starting to work at a nursing home for older adults, where she frequently came in contact with their vomitus or feces. In the examinations 2 years later after the first successful eradication, endoscopic and histologic findings have demonstrated deterioration. Similar findings were continuously observed in the examinations 3 months later, and <i>H. pylori</i> reinfection was confirmed by the rapid urease test. After the second successful eradication, endoscopic and histologic CR of gastric MALT lymphoma was achieved. However, endoscopic and histologic findings have shown deterioration again 1 year later after the histologic CR and at 3.5 years later after the second successful eradication. <i>H. pylori</i> reinfection was confirmed by the repeated urea breath test, and the patient had received the third eradication treatment; and the patient had achieved successful eradication. In addition, proper hygiene practices were advised to avoid <i>H. pylori</i> reinfection. <i>H. pylori</i> reinfection is very rare in adults after successful eradication in developed countries. After successful eradication and proper hygiene practice, endoscopic and histologic CR has been maintained for 2 years up to the present.</p>","PeriodicalId":9614,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Gastroenterology","volume":"17 1","pages":"41-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/31/84/crg-2022-0017-0001-528309.PMC9893998.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10717122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm of the Pancreas Associated with Polycystic Liver and Kidney Disease.","authors":"Norio Yokoigawa, Yusai Kawaguchi","doi":"10.1159/000528387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000528387","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 77-year-old man was pointed out thrombocytopenia and polycystic liver and kidney disease following hypertension and diabetes mellitus and duodenitis. He consulted to our hospital for further examination. Computed tomography (CT) showed multiple cysts in the liver and kidney and also showed cystic lesions in the pancreatic tail. The size of the tumor of pancreas was 3 cm × 4 cm. FDG-PET CT showed FDG uptake in the tumor of the pancreatic tail. It has not showed metastasis in the other organs. The examinations suggested that the cause of thrombocytopenia was infection of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> or idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura or drugs. We performed distal pancreatectomy for the tumor of pancreas. Histological findings revealed that the tumor of pancreas was invasive intraductal mucinous carcinoma. He had no recurrence for 3 months after operation. In this case, the patient with autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) and multiple liver cysts developed IPMC. We suggest that some genetic interactions may exist between ADPKD and pancreatic carcinogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9614,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Gastroenterology","volume":"17 1","pages":"21-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3e/21/crg-2022-0017-0001-528387.PMC9893992.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10717123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Early Onset Outlet Obstruction of a Temporary Diverting Loop Ileostomy Secondary to Urinary Retention.","authors":"Umut Akova, Volkan Dogru, Eren Esen, Feza Remzi","doi":"10.1159/000529481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000529481","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A mechanical obstruction is not a physiological entity, and when it occurs within the 30-day postoperative period, it is called an early postoperative small bowel obstruction. Kinking of small bowel segments at the ileostomy outlet secondary to a distended bladder is an unusual source of early postoperative small bowel obstruction. A 36-year-old female underwent a redo J-Pouch surgery and creation of loop ileostomy after pouch failure related to recurrent small bowel obstruction and perianal fistulae. Her foley catheter was removed on postoperative day 3 and she passed a trial of void test. On postoperative day 6, the abdomen became progressively more distended. Computerized tomography (CT) imaging with IV contrast showed small bowel distension extending to the midline anterior to the urinary bladder where it demonstrated a narrowed lumen. These findings were thought to be the cause of small bowel obstruction at this level before the ileostomy. Immediately after CT, a foley catheter was applied with which 2 L of urine was removed, and consequently, gas and stool were observed in the ostomy soon thereafter. Although rare, urinary retention may cause intestinal obstruction, especially in the presence of a loop ileostomy in close proximity.</p>","PeriodicalId":9614,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Gastroenterology","volume":"17 1","pages":"124-128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/39/4d/crg-2023-0017-0001-529481.PMC9947664.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10791419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ryo Katsumata, Tomoari Kamada, Takahisa Murao, Aya Sunago, Mitsuhiko Suehiro, Yasumasa Monobe, Yoshiaki Iwasaki, Hirofumi Kawamoto, Hiroshi Nagai, Ken Haruma
{"title":"A Case of Autoimmune Gastritis and Hepatitis with Enlarging Gastric Polyps after Reducing the Dose of Prednisolone.","authors":"Ryo Katsumata, Tomoari Kamada, Takahisa Murao, Aya Sunago, Mitsuhiko Suehiro, Yasumasa Monobe, Yoshiaki Iwasaki, Hirofumi Kawamoto, Hiroshi Nagai, Ken Haruma","doi":"10.1159/000529151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000529151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autoimmune gastritis is immune-mediated gastritis that destroys the oxyntic mucosa. Autoimmune hepatitis is an inflammatory liver disease caused by an autoimmune reaction. These diseases share similar pathogeneses as organ-specific autoimmune disorders; however, cases involving both diseases are quite rare and scarcely reported. Herein, we report a patient with concurrent autoimmune gastritis and hepatitis who developed enlargement of hyperplastic polyps and progression of gastric atrophy. The patient was a 79-year-old female referred to our hospital for the treatment of hyperplastic polyps detected on a follow-up upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The patient's previous upper gastrointestinal endoscopy from 3 years prior revealed small hyperplastic polyps and no mucosal atrophy. However, the current upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed three 10-mm red polyps, severe mucosal atrophy in the corpus, and mild atrophy in the antral area. In addition, biopsy samples from the gastric body revealed decreased parietal cells and diffuse lymphocytic infiltration of the deep mucosa. Further, chromogranin A-positive endocrine cell micronests and enterochromaffin-like cell hyperplasia were detected. After confirming the diagnosis of autoimmune gastritis, endoscopic mucosal resection was performed for all the polyps, which were histopathologically diagnosed as hyperplastic polyps without malignancy. Therefore, clinicians should consider autoimmune gastritis for enlarged hyperplastic polyps and gastric atrophy progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":9614,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Gastroenterology","volume":"17 1","pages":"117-123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/68/6a/crg-2022-0017-0001-529151.PMC9938402.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10768584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lydia M L Holtgrewe, Harald Dippel, Helgard Weckauf, Stephan Linnemüller, Frank Schuppert
{"title":"Candesartan-Induced Enteropathy That Mimics Celiac Disease in a 90-Year-Old Patient.","authors":"Lydia M L Holtgrewe, Harald Dippel, Helgard Weckauf, Stephan Linnemüller, Frank Schuppert","doi":"10.1159/000529003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000529003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sprue-like enteropathy (SLE) is a clinical syndrome similar to celiac disease and has been associated with the use of various angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), a class of medications frequently used in the management of hypertension. Currently, there has only been one documented case report which has observed this occurrence with the use of the ARB candesartan. A 90-year-old female patient presented with chronic diarrhea and weight loss of unclear etiology. Diagnostic esophagogastroduodenoscopy and ileocolonoscopy were macroscopically unremarkable, but histological samples revealed complete villous atrophy, chronic mucosal inflammation, and intraepithelial T-lymphocytic infiltration. However, serological studies could not confirm celiac disease as a cause for the patient's symptoms of malabsorption. After exclusion of other intestinal inflammation etiologies with noted ongoing candesartan use, the diagnosis of SLE was made, and candesartan therapy was discontinued. Additionally, we decided to initiate a lactose-free diet. Clinical remission was achieved without any recurrences. Candesartan is a commonly prescribed therapeutic agent in the treatment of hypertension. Our case underlines the importance of considering it as a potential cause for unexplained symptoms of malabsorption.</p>","PeriodicalId":9614,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Gastroenterology","volume":"17 1","pages":"178-184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10080205/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9637429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}