Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons最新文献

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High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features resected with an exoscopic supracerebellar infratentorial approach: illustrative case. 高级别星形细胞瘤伴核样特征,经小脑上幕下入路切除:说明性病例。
Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.3171/CASE25390
Franco Rubino, Peter Harris, Abir L Mukherjee, Walter C Jean
{"title":"High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features resected with an exoscopic supracerebellar infratentorial approach: illustrative case.","authors":"Franco Rubino, Peter Harris, Abir L Mukherjee, Walter C Jean","doi":"10.3171/CASE25390","DOIUrl":"10.3171/CASE25390","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features (HGAP) was recently added to the WHO 2021 CNS classification system among the group of circumscribed astrocytic gliomas. These tumors present with high-grade piloid histology with similarities to glioblastoma. HGAPs in the pineal region become particularly challenging due to its deep location and proximity to deep venous structures, the midbrain, and the thalamus. Herein, the authors present the case of a patient with an HGAP located in the pineal region. The tumor was resected using an exoscopic supracerebellar/infratentorial approach.</p><p><strong>Observations: </strong>A 69-year-old man presented with a pineal gland mass causing obstructive hydrocephalus. Resection using an exoscope revealed an HGAP. Postoperatively, he developed posterior fossa syndrome but was discharged without neurological deficits after 30 days.</p><p><strong>Lessons: </strong>HGAP, a distinct glioma subtype identified in 2021, presents a mix of low- and high-grade features. It shares histological traits with pilocytic astrocytoma and glioblastoma, requiring DNA methylation profiling for diagnosis. Radiologically, these lesions have a T2-FLAIR mismatch and uneven post-gadolinium enhancement. Treatment is still uncertain, although adjuvant chemoradiation therapy with temozolomide may be used. The prognosis is poor, with a 5-year survival rate of approximately 50%. For pineal region locations, the exoscope offers enhanced magnification, depth perception, and ergonomic benefits, improving surgical precision. https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE25390.</p>","PeriodicalId":94098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12416328/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145025024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Symptomatic cerebral hyperperfusion after occipital artery-posterior cerebral artery bypass in a patient with moyamoya disease: illustrative case. 烟雾病患者枕动脉-大脑后动脉搭桥术后的症状性脑高灌注:说明性病例。
Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.3171/CASE25486
Jin Kimata, Kikutaro Tokairin, Haruto Uchino, Masaki Ito, Miki Fujimura
{"title":"Symptomatic cerebral hyperperfusion after occipital artery-posterior cerebral artery bypass in a patient with moyamoya disease: illustrative case.","authors":"Jin Kimata, Kikutaro Tokairin, Haruto Uchino, Masaki Ito, Miki Fujimura","doi":"10.3171/CASE25486","DOIUrl":"10.3171/CASE25486","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a progressive, steno-occlusive cerebrovascular disorder. Posterior cerebral artery (PCA) stenosis can develop after successful anterior circulation revascularization. Although symptomatic cerebral hyperperfusion (CHP) is a recognized complication of anterior revascularization, it is rarely reported following occipital artery (OA)-PCA bypass.</p><p><strong>Observations: </strong>The authors report the case of a 50-year-old woman with MMD who developed symptomatic hemodynamic compromise due to progressive right PCA stenosis 10 years after bilateral superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery bypass and indirect revascularization. She underwent OA-PCA bypass with encephalo-myo-synangiosis. On postoperative day 1, single-photon emission CT revealed focal CHP in the right parietal lobe, with cerebral blood flow (CBF) increasing to 160% of preoperative levels. The patient developed a pulsatile headache and left-sided tongue numbness. By postoperative day 7, CBF had decreased to 110%, and perfusion had improved throughout the right parietal-occipital region. With strict blood pressure control and minocycline administration, both symptoms and CHP resolved. At the 1-year follow-up, the patient remained symptom free without stroke recurrence.</p><p><strong>Lessons: </strong>Symptomatic CHP can occur after OA-PCA bypass in MMD. Perioperative CHP management, including blood pressure control and anti-inflammatory therapy, is essential for optimal outcomes of posterior circulation bypass. https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE25486.</p>","PeriodicalId":94098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12400848/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144984274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Percutaneous CT-guided Onyx embolization of CSF-venous fistula: illustrative case. 经皮ct引导下玛瑙栓塞csf -静脉瘘:说明性病例。
Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.3171/CASE2558
David K Ziayee, Ari D Kappel, David I Bass, Abdullah H Feroze, Sahin Hanalioglu, Neel Madan, Mohammad A Aziz-Sultan
{"title":"Percutaneous CT-guided Onyx embolization of CSF-venous fistula: illustrative case.","authors":"David K Ziayee, Ari D Kappel, David I Bass, Abdullah H Feroze, Sahin Hanalioglu, Neel Madan, Mohammad A Aziz-Sultan","doi":"10.3171/CASE2558","DOIUrl":"10.3171/CASE2558","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>CSF-venous fistulas (CVFs) are an increasingly recognized cause of spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH). Cases of SIH can present with symptoms ranging from orthostatic headache to severe debilitating headaches, vertigo, back pain, vision changes, and cognitive impairment. CVFs are an aberrant direct fistulous connection between a spinal nerve root sleeve and adjacent paraspinal veins. Treatment options may include blood patch, surgical ligation, or transvenous embolization.</p><p><strong>Observations: </strong>A 67-year-old male presented with severe positional headaches following minor head trauma. MRI of the brain demonstrated pachymeningeal enhancement, and dynamic CT myelography demonstrated a CVF at the right T4 nerve root. Transvenous CVF embolization was attempted, but there was no suitable target for embolization despite extensive exploration of the azygos, paraspinal, and vertebral veins above and below the fistula. The patient underwent percutaneous puncture of the right T4 paraspinal vein using an 18-gauge Chiba needle under fluoroscopic guidance. Onyx 34 was carefully injected into the CVF under continuous fluoroscopic guidance to embolize the fistula and associated paraspinal venous complex.</p><p><strong>Lessons: </strong>In cases of challenging or difficult-to-access venous anatomy in which transvenous access to the fistulous site is not feasible, percutaneous needle puncture with direct transvenous embolization may be an option. https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE2558.</p>","PeriodicalId":94098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12400850/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144984182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Targeted biopsy of the ulnar nerve for amyloidosis with potential implications of a diagnostic and nondiagnostic biopsy: illustrative case. 尺神经淀粉样变的靶向活检与诊断性和非诊断性活检的潜在意义:说明性病例。
Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.3171/CASE25484
Christopher J L O'Driscoll, P James B Dyck, Robert J Spinner
{"title":"Targeted biopsy of the ulnar nerve for amyloidosis with potential implications of a diagnostic and nondiagnostic biopsy: illustrative case.","authors":"Christopher J L O'Driscoll, P James B Dyck, Robert J Spinner","doi":"10.3171/CASE25484","DOIUrl":"10.3171/CASE25484","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>MRI-guided targeted fascicular biopsy has been a valuable technique for diagnosing idiopathic neuropathies. It has an 80% yield and a minor permanent morbidity rate of 5%.</p><p><strong>Observations: </strong>A 48-year-old woman with a history of localized amyloidosis to the orbital muscle 2 years earlier presented with new neurological symptoms. Extensive evaluations including skin, muscle, and distal cutaneous nerve biopsies were negative, and empirical treatment trials did not improve her condition. An MRI-guided targeted biopsy of the right ulnar nerve in the distal arm was planned. During surgery, a medial triceps branch arising from the ulnar nerve was identified and was biopsied along with a neighboring fascicle of the ulnar nerve to the flexor carpi ulnaris. The pathology of the ulnar nerve fascicle but not the contiguous triceps branch showed amyloid (AL [kappa] subtype on mass spectroscopy). The patient was started on treatment.</p><p><strong>Lessons: </strong>The positive biopsy of the ulnar nerve fascicle allowed targeted treatment of the neural amyloidosis. While the negative biopsy of the triceps branch could be attributed to sampling error, it could also be due to the fact that this branch found within the ulnar nerve is thought to originate from the radial nerve. https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE25484.</p>","PeriodicalId":94098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12400844/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144984224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ruptured vertebrobasilar junction aneurysm coexisting with isolated interrupted aortic arch and basilar artery hypoplasia in an adult female: illustrative case. 1例成年女性椎基底动脉交界动脉瘤破裂并发孤立的主动脉弓中断和基底动脉发育不全:说明性病例。
Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.3171/CASE25421
Yang Dong, Weiyi Huang, Weifeng Miao, Yiping Wu, Junfei Shao, Jun Sun
{"title":"Ruptured vertebrobasilar junction aneurysm coexisting with isolated interrupted aortic arch and basilar artery hypoplasia in an adult female: illustrative case.","authors":"Yang Dong, Weiyi Huang, Weifeng Miao, Yiping Wu, Junfei Shao, Jun Sun","doi":"10.3171/CASE25421","DOIUrl":"10.3171/CASE25421","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vertebrobasilar junction (VBJ) aneurysms are frequently associated with basilar artery variations like fenestration or hypoplasia, altering hemodynamics. An interrupted aortic arch (IAA), a rare congenital malformation, may contribute to intracranial aneurysms via vascular wall defects, hemodynamic stress, and compensatory hypertension. Coexistence of IAA with cerebrovascular anomalies and VBJ aneurysms is exceptionally rare, with no prior documented cases.</p><p><strong>Observations: </strong>A 33-year-old female presented with a ruptured VBJ saccular aneurysm (2.0 × 4.1 × 2.9 mm). Emergency right transradial stent-assisted coiling achieved complete occlusion (Raymond-Roy Occlusion Classification class I). Associated anomalies included 1) Celoria-Patton type B IAA, 2) diffuse basilar hypoplasia, and 3) proximal basilar occlusion. Echocardiography confirmed isolated Celoria-Patton type B IAA. Postoperative MRI performed on day 4 revealed no infarction, and CT performed on day 12 confirmed subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) resolution. The patient was discharged neurologically intact (modified Rankin Scale score 0). Seven-month CT angiography demonstrated stable coils, an intact stent, and patent vertebral arteries.</p><p><strong>Lessons: </strong>In adults or adolescents with aneurysmal SAH, IAA typically manifests as an isolated anomaly pathologically linked to prenatal development of robust compensatory collateral circulation supplying the descending aorta. This case demonstrates a synergistic pathogenesis involving two critical hemodynamic factors: proximal basilar artery occlusion combined with type B aortic arch discontinuity, collectively promoting VBJ aneurysm formation. Transradial endovascular intervention proved safe and effective in this anatomically complex scenario. https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE25421.</p>","PeriodicalId":94098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12400852/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144984259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Correlation between balanced fast field echo sequence and intraoperative findings in the surgical treatment of an intradural spinal arachnoid cyst: illustrative case. 在硬膜内脊髓蛛网膜囊肿的手术治疗中,平衡快速场回波序列与术中表现的相关性:说明性病例。
Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.3171/CASE25145
Audrey Huang, Jessica Dorilio, Hasit Mehta, Jared M Pisapia
{"title":"Correlation between balanced fast field echo sequence and intraoperative findings in the surgical treatment of an intradural spinal arachnoid cyst: illustrative case.","authors":"Audrey Huang, Jessica Dorilio, Hasit Mehta, Jared M Pisapia","doi":"10.3171/CASE25145","DOIUrl":"10.3171/CASE25145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Spinal arachnoid cysts can cause myelopathy through spinal cord compression. While MRI is the standard for diagnosis, traditional sequences may not clearly define cyst borders and septations, which are important for guiding surgical intervention. Balanced fast field echo (B-FFE) is an MRI sequence that highlights small arachnoid membranes within and at the borders of CSF spaces.</p><p><strong>Observations: </strong>The authors report the case of a 13-year-old female who presented with progressive lower extremity paresthesias and weakness and urinary incontinence. MRI revealed an intradural cervicothoracic arachnoid cyst (C7-T3) dorsal to the spinal cord. B-FFE was used to identify the upper and lower borders of the intradural arachnoid cyst and its internal septations. These findings corresponded precisely with intraoperative findings and guided fenestration at the cyst's cranial, caudal, and internal septal ends. Postoperatively, the patient's symptoms resolved, and MRI confirmed the resolution of mass effect. At the 10- and 30-month follow-ups, there was no evidence of cyst recurrence clinically or radiographically.</p><p><strong>Lessons: </strong>The authors raise awareness of the clinical utility of B-FFE imaging for intradural spinal arachnoid cysts. Due to its ability to demonstrate cyst borders and internal septations, it offers an alternative to more invasive tests, especially in the pediatric population. https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE25145.</p>","PeriodicalId":94098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12400851/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144984137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Catheter erosion through the rectum 8 years after uncomplicated ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement: illustrative case. 无并发症脑室腹腔分流放置后8年直肠导管糜烂:说明性病例。
Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.3171/CASE25365
Matthew Wierzbicki, India Shelley, Matthews Lan, Aria Mahtabfar, Christopher J Farrell
{"title":"Catheter erosion through the rectum 8 years after uncomplicated ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement: illustrative case.","authors":"Matthew Wierzbicki, India Shelley, Matthews Lan, Aria Mahtabfar, Christopher J Farrell","doi":"10.3171/CASE25365","DOIUrl":"10.3171/CASE25365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Distal bowel perforation by peritoneal catheter (BPPC) is a rare complication following ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) placement for the treatment of hydrocephalus. In some cases, BPPC may present with extrusion through the anus and can occur years after VPS placement.</p><p><strong>Observations: </strong>The authors report the case of a 30-year-old woman who had a VPS placed 8 years prior and found a catheter protruding from her rectum. Having pulled out 1 foot of catheter, she presented to the hospital where the shunt was externalized before concurrent VPS removal and laparotomy to repair the bowel perforation.</p><p><strong>Lessons: </strong>BPPC with anal extrusion is a rare complication of VPS that can occur years after shunt placement and can present with a broad array of symptoms. BPPC should remain on the differential for people with VPS and systemic symptoms for the duration of their lives. https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE25365.</p>","PeriodicalId":94098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12400841/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144984185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Treatment of giant encephalocele and occipital defect in a child with neurofibromatosis type 1: illustrative case. 1型神经纤维瘤病儿童巨大脑膨出及枕骨缺损的治疗:说明病例。
Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.3171/CASE2561
Pingping Gao, Yunhai Song, Zeyang Xia, Huiqing Liu, Bo Yang
{"title":"Treatment of giant encephalocele and occipital defect in a child with neurofibromatosis type 1: illustrative case.","authors":"Pingping Gao, Yunhai Song, Zeyang Xia, Huiqing Liu, Bo Yang","doi":"10.3171/CASE2561","DOIUrl":"10.3171/CASE2561","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Children with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) rarely develop calvarial defects, and even more rarely do they develop encephalocele and plexiform neurofibroma (PNF).</p><p><strong>Observations: </strong>The authors report on the repair of osseous defects of occipital bone and encephalocele in a boy with NF1 with a family history of NF1. Targeted medicine was introduced after the repair for unresectable PNF.</p><p><strong>Lessons: </strong>The etiopathogenesis and treatment of the occipital defects and associated morbidities are discussed. https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE2561.</p>","PeriodicalId":94098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12400847/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144984243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Surgical management of biventricular hydrocephalus caused by tuberculosis-induced bilateral obstruction of the foramen of Monro: illustrative case. 结核性双侧门罗孔梗阻致双脑室脑积水的外科治疗:一例说明性病例。
Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.3171/CASE25349
Kaveh Ebrahimzadeh, Mohammad Mirahmadi Eraghi, Mohammad Hallajnejad, Seyed Taher Mousavian, Mohammad Ansari, Shahram Sabeti
{"title":"Surgical management of biventricular hydrocephalus caused by tuberculosis-induced bilateral obstruction of the foramen of Monro: illustrative case.","authors":"Kaveh Ebrahimzadeh, Mohammad Mirahmadi Eraghi, Mohammad Hallajnejad, Seyed Taher Mousavian, Mohammad Ansari, Shahram Sabeti","doi":"10.3171/CASE25349","DOIUrl":"10.3171/CASE25349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Occlusion of the foramen of Monro is an exceedingly rare condition in adults and can lead to obstructive hydrocephalus. The authors present the first reported case of biventricular hydrocephalus caused by tuberculosis-induced bilateral obstruction of the foramen of Monro. They also discuss the technical nuances and surgical challenges associated with this condition.</p><p><strong>Observations: </strong>A 47-year-old female presented with a 3-month history of short-term memory disturbances, ultimately leading to loss of consciousness. Neuroimaging revealed symmetrical biventricular hydrocephalus accompanied by periventricular interstitial edema. A lumbar puncture indicated lymphocytic-dominant pleocytosis and reduced glucose levels. During the endoscopic approach, significant stenosis of the foramen of Monro was noticed and monroplasty and septostomy were performed. Pathological examination revealed granulomatous inflammation. At the 1-year follow-up, the patient demonstrated significant clinical and radiological improvement, with resolution of symptoms and hydrocephalus.</p><p><strong>Lessons: </strong>Tuberculosis-induced bilateral idiopathic occlusion of the foramen of Monro is an extremely uncommon cause of hydrocephalus. Neuroendoscopy allows for visualization, biopsy, and direct treatment of the obstruction simultaneously. While conservative management may be adequate for asymptomatic cases, neuroendoscopic procedures such as septostomy or foraminoplasty provide a minimally invasive option for restoring CSF flow, avoiding unnecessary shunt insertion in symptomatic cases. https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE25349.</p>","PeriodicalId":94098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12400846/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144984221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Endoscopic endonasal transclival approach for the resection of a ventral pontine cavernous malformation: illustrative case. 经巩膜鼻内窥镜入路切除脑桥腹侧海绵状畸形:说明性病例。
Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.3171/CASE25356
Luigi M Cavallo, Jacopo Berardinelli, Ilaria Bove, Teresa Somma, Mario Cirillo, Felice Esposito
{"title":"Endoscopic endonasal transclival approach for the resection of a ventral pontine cavernous malformation: illustrative case.","authors":"Luigi M Cavallo, Jacopo Berardinelli, Ilaria Bove, Teresa Somma, Mario Cirillo, Felice Esposito","doi":"10.3171/CASE25356","DOIUrl":"10.3171/CASE25356","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Brainstem cavernous malformations (BSCMs) are rare vascular lesions, most frequently located in the pons. Their surgical management is particularly demanding due to the dense concentration within the brainstem of eloquent neural pathways and nuclei. Among various surgical routes, the endoscopic endonasal transclival approach (EETA) has been established as a valuable option for treating selected ventrally located lesions.</p><p><strong>Observations: </strong>The authors report the case of a 54-year-old woman with a ventral pontine cavernous malformation (CM) presenting with recurrent hemorrhagic episodes, all resolving without neurological sequelae. Based on the anterior midline location of the lesion within the pons and the posterolateral displacement of the corticospinal tracts (CSTs) on preoperative tractography, an EETA was deemed the most suitable approach. Gross-total removal was achieved without neurological worsening or postoperative CSF leakage.</p><p><strong>Lessons: </strong>This case supports the use of EETA as a safe and effective surgical route for ventral pontine CMs with anterior surface presentation. Accurate preoperative planning, including assessment of CST displacement via diffusion tensor imaging, and direct intraoperative cortical stimualtion are essential for identifying a safe entry point. Although technically demanding and not universally applicable, EETA offers a direct surgical corridor that minimizes neurovascular manipulation and facilitates favorable outcomes in selected cases. https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE25356.</p>","PeriodicalId":94098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12400843/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144984209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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