Przemysław Mitura, Adrian Odrzywolski, Olga Szyszkowska, Ewelina Gumbarewicz, Iga Kuliniec, Michał Godzisz, Andrzej Jadłoś, Joanna Depciuch
{"title":"Urine-Based FTIR Spectroscopy and Machine Learning Enable Non-Invasive Kidney Cancer Detection.","authors":"Przemysław Mitura, Adrian Odrzywolski, Olga Szyszkowska, Ewelina Gumbarewicz, Iga Kuliniec, Michał Godzisz, Andrzej Jadłoś, Joanna Depciuch","doi":"10.1002/jbio.70267","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.70267","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the potential of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy combined with multivariate and machine-learning analysis for kidney cancer detection using urine samples. FTIR analysis revealed distinct biochemical differences between urine from healthy controls and kidney cancer patients, with significant alterations observed in bands related to NH stretching, CH stretching, protein and urea-associated vibrations, phosphates, and carbohydrate-related regions. Principal component analysis showing group separation primarily along PC1 (33.9% variance), while uniform manifold approximation and projection provided enhanced nonlinear discrimination. Multiple models achieving high classification performance. With first-derivative preprocessing, both random forest and support vector machines reached 100% accuracy (sensitivity: 100%, 95% CI: 92.7%-100%; specificity: 100%, 95% CI: 91.2%-100%; AUC: 1.000 (95% CI: 1.000-1.000)). With raw spectral data, random forest achieved 98.9% accuracy (sensitivity: 100%, 95% CI: 92.7%-100%; specificity: 97.5%, 95% CI: 87.1%-99.6%; AUC: 1.000). Feature stability identified reproducible wavenumbers as cancer biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":"19 4","pages":"e70267"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147694533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Second Harmonic Generation-Based Collagen Analysis and Automated Grading of Myelofibrosis.","authors":"Xunbin Yu, Guodong Guo, Xia Zhang, Xin Chen, Xingxin Huang, Lianhuang Li","doi":"10.1002/jbio.70269","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.70269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study sought to develop an objective grading system for myelofibrosis through characterization of collagen architecture using label-free multiphoton microscopy, thereby enabling quantitative, standardized, and automated assessment. A multiphoton imaging dataset encompassing diverse myelofibrosis grades was constructed. Five collagen features were extracted utilizing the \"CT-FIRE\" toolbox, and a support vector machine (SVM) classifier integrating these features was developed for four-class categorization. The model demonstrated high accuracy across all myelofibrosis grades, with area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.994, 0.956, 0.940, and 1.000, and a macro-average value of 0.973, thus achieving automated grading of myelofibrosis. This study quantified collagen content and fiber morphology in human bone marrow tissues, which facilitates objective myelofibrosis grading. Moreover, it lays a foundation for future automatic and rapid grading of myelofibrosis, which can subsequently be applied to the assessment of fibrosis in other organs.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":"19 4","pages":"e70269"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147731038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Caroline Hammerschmitt Wild, Pâmela Andressa Pauletto, Fransael Franklyn Araújo da Silva, Maria Eduarda Luckner, Gladson Ricardo Flor Bertolini
{"title":"Therapeutic Effect of Photobiomodulation and Single Intratendinous Injection at the Lesion Site of Platelet-Rich Fibrin in Inducted Tendinopathy.","authors":"Caroline Hammerschmitt Wild, Pâmela Andressa Pauletto, Fransael Franklyn Araújo da Silva, Maria Eduarda Luckner, Gladson Ricardo Flor Bertolini","doi":"10.1002/jbio.70271","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.70271","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tendinopathy is a multifactorial condition characterized by collagen disorganization, inflammation, and impaired tendon function. Photobiomodulation (PBM) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) have emerged as therapeutic approaches due to their regenerative potential, although their mechanisms during tendon healing remain unclear. This study compared the effects of PBM and PRF, alone or combined, on experimentally induced calcaneal tendinopathy in rats. A total of 75 animals were divided into five groups: control, injury, PRF, PBM, and PRF + PBM. Treatments began 48 h after injury. Functional performance, nociception, and histological features were evaluated up to 21 days. Combined PRF and PBM promoted superior early functional recovery, enhanced collagen synthesis, and increased angiogenesis, despite greater initial inflammation. PBM alone resulted in gradual recovery with better fiber organization, while PRF accelerated function but sustained inflammation. Combined therapy shows promise for tendon repair, supporting stage-specific treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":"19 4","pages":"e70271"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13092645/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147725108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anusha Kishore, Arun Mathew Varughese, Bernhard Roth, Carsten Zeilinger
{"title":"Functionalized Quantum Dot-Based Portable Sensor for Dual Detection of Stress Biomarkers in Blood Serum and Saliva.","authors":"Anusha Kishore, Arun Mathew Varughese, Bernhard Roth, Carsten Zeilinger","doi":"10.1002/jbio.70268","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.70268","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This work reports on the simultaneous detection of cellular stress biomarkers in blood and saliva, using a portable sensor. We expanded the application of our optical measurement system, the Transilluminated Quantum Dot (TIQD) imager, paired with a low-cost biochip for minimally invasive biomolecule detection. Streptavidin functionalized quantum dots (Sav-QDs) were conjugated with biotinylated antibodies (Ab) against stress biomarkers heat shock protein (Hsp). The presence of biomarkers in biological samples was indicated by the fluorescence masking of Sav-QDs, based on their binding to the Abs conjugated to Sav-QDs, resulting in reduced fluorescence. The decrease in fluorescence directly correlates with biomarker concentration. We have successfully detected Hsp90 and Hsp70 spiked in artificial blood serum. The limit of detection (LoD) was around 50 nM for Hsp90 and 96 nM for Hsp70. Our portable sensor addresses the need for reliable point-of-care (PoC) stress diagnosis by enabling robust, multiple biomarkers detection in diverse biological samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":"19 4","pages":"e70268"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13092650/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147725078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vrushali Khedekar, Gayathri S Kamath, Indrani Talukdar, P Nandakumar, Geetha K Varier
{"title":"Understanding Bioenergetics of Myogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Using Label-Free Imaging.","authors":"Vrushali Khedekar, Gayathri S Kamath, Indrani Talukdar, P Nandakumar, Geetha K Varier","doi":"10.1002/jbio.70256","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.70256","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mesenchymal stem cells are essential for tissue repair, making them a prime focus for regenerative medicine and cell-based therapies. However, their full therapeutic potential for treating muscle disorders remains constrained by an incomplete understanding of the mechanisms underlying myogenic differentiation. We characterized the metabolic reprogramming that occurs during the differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells into the myogenic lineage. We employed wide-field fluorescence microscopy to image endogenous NADH and FAD fluorescence, quantifying the redox ratios (FAD/(NADH + FAD)) to assess changes in cellular metabolism. This revealed distinct shifts in the redox state accompanying the progression of differentiation, indicating a significant transition toward a glycolytic pathway in differentiated myotubes. These findings provide quantitative insights into the metabolic alterations underpinning myogenic differentiation and help in the optimization of stem cell-based approaches for muscle regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":"19 3","pages":"e70256"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147583446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Precise Multiscale Registration and Anti-Shaking Algorithm for Stable Nailfold Vascular Area Visualization.","authors":"Jianan Lin, Bin Zhou, Yanxiong Wu, Peiqing Guo, Jiaxiong Luo, Yaozhang Huang, Shou Feng, Qirui Sun, Xiaosong Li, Wei Bin, Zhiming Yang","doi":"10.1002/jbio.70257","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.70257","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In nailfold capillary imaging, tremors cause image blurring and prevent accurate measurement, while capillary bundle distributions can diminish vascular information. As a comprehensive solution, we combined the YOLOv8 detection model with a Laplacian clarity evaluation function for real-time tracking of focus changes during capillary imaging. Normalized cross-correlation template matching was used to calculate the optimal matching position of adjacent frames, determine the position with the highest vascular similarity, and obtain the optimal offset between frames for accurate registration. Compared with the original video, mean squared error (MSE) decreased by 64.5%, peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) increased by 3.88 dB, and structural similarity index (SSIM) increased by 4.7% in zooming experiments. MSE decreased by 57.9%, PSNR increased by 3.99 dB, and SSIM increased by 3.19% in fixed-focus experiments. Compared with state-of-the-art registration algorithms, our proposal provides better overall performance across three evaluation indicators, achieving the best registration effect for capillary images.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":"19 3","pages":"e70257"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147523243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bruna C Correa, Maria Vitória S Pereira, Vanderlei S Bagnato, Kate C Blanco
{"title":"Oxidative Treatment for Reducing Persistent Populations of Escherichia coli Under Amoxicillin and Gentamicin Pressure.","authors":"Bruna C Correa, Maria Vitória S Pereira, Vanderlei S Bagnato, Kate C Blanco","doi":"10.1002/jbio.70212","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.70212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bacterial persistence is a transient phenotypic state in which a subpopulation of cells survives antibiotic exposure without genetic resistance. These dormant, low-metabolic cells are linked to recurrent infections and reduced antibiotic efficacy. Photodynamic inactivation (PDI), which generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) through photosensitizer activation under visible light, is a promising strategy to counteract persistence. This study evaluated PDI effects on Escherichia coli under amoxicillin and gentamicin pressure, using time-kill assays and MDK<sub>99</sub>/MDK<sub>99.99</sub> metrics. PDI, optimized with methylene blue (10 μM) and 10 J/cm<sup>2</sup> light at 660 nm, was applied to antibiotic-exposed cells and progeny. For amoxicillin, PDI reduced MDK99 from > 3 to 2 h; for gentamicin, it suppressed regrowth in progeny and reduced MDK<sub>99.99</sub> from 3 to 2 h. Scanning electron microscopy showed morphological damage consistent with persistence. PDI enhanced antibiotic efficacy and shortened treatment time, supporting further investigation of PDI-antibiotic combinations for chronic infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":" ","pages":"e70212"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12980568/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145822547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of biophotonicsPub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-15DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202500388
Amir Khansari, Hossein Khodavirdi, Seyed Mohsen Ranjbaran, Mohsin Zafar, Mohammad Javad Beirami, Kamran Avanaki
{"title":"A Comparative Study on Signal Decomposition Techniques for Stimulated Raman Photoacoustic Microscopy.","authors":"Amir Khansari, Hossein Khodavirdi, Seyed Mohsen Ranjbaran, Mohsin Zafar, Mohammad Javad Beirami, Kamran Avanaki","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202500388","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.202500388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this paper, we present a comparative study of signal decomposition techniques in multispectral photoacoustic microscopy (MS-PAM) systems that are based on the use of stimulated Raman spectroscopy (SRS). The signal decomposition algorithms leverage the inherent delay between the arrival of two photoacoustic (PA) signals, one from 532 nm and the other from 558 nm. We evaluate four signal decomposition methods: fast Fourier transform (FFT), least squares (LSQ), cross-correlation (XCorr), and a deep learning (DL) approach based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) coupled with an autoencoder architecture. These methods are tested against ground truth PA signals generated separately at 532 and 558 nm wavelengths from the mouse brain. Results show that the FFT method consistently outperforms the others in terms of accuracy, while LSQ, XCorr, and DL's performance exhibits greater variability, especially at longer time delays. Finally, the performance of oxygen saturation estimation is evaluated using the best method (FFT).</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":" ","pages":"e70184"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12976986/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145764852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of biophotonicsPub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-15DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202500348
Débora Campos Chaves Correia, Leonardo Borges de Lima, Mário Oliveira Lima, Luis Filipe Karatanasov Beloni, Raduan Hage, Emilia Angela Lo Schiavo Arisawa
{"title":"Therapeutic Potential of Photobiomodulation in Early Recovery After Experimental Spinal Cord Injury in Rats: Histological and Biomechanical Analysis.","authors":"Débora Campos Chaves Correia, Leonardo Borges de Lima, Mário Oliveira Lima, Luis Filipe Karatanasov Beloni, Raduan Hage, Emilia Angela Lo Schiavo Arisawa","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202500348","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.202500348","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to severe functional deficits, underscoring the critical need for new therapies. This study evaluated the efficacy of photobiomodulation (PBM) as an early, noninvasive treatment for induced SCI, using specific parameters (808 nm, 72 J/cm<sup>2</sup>, 100 mW). A total of 15 rats were divided into Control (C), SCI, and PBM groups. Efficacy was determined by an integrated approach, correlating ground reaction force (GRF) with quantitative histological assessment. The PBM group showed a significant reduction of secondary damage (33.3 ± 5.5 vs. 53.9 ± 7.0 in the SCI group; p = 0.0002) and preserved neural structure. This tissue preservation aligns with the GRF analysis, which demonstrated that the PBM group recovered gait patterns similar to the Control group. In conclusion, PBM effectively mitigates necrosis aerea, maintaining tissue integrity, improving functional recovery, and reinforcing the PBM's therapeutic potential as a promising translatable strategy for outcomes after SCI. Further research should include immunostaining of cells and larger samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":" ","pages":"e202500348"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12980696/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145764837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of biophotonicsPub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-11-30DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202500511
Piotr Olcha, Wiesław Paja, Michał Kępski, Krzysztof Pancerz, Bartosz Klebowski, Łukasz Nowakowski, Krzysztof Gałczyński, Joanna Depciuch
{"title":"Biochemical Heterogeneity of Endometriosis Phenotypes Revealed by FTIR Analysis.","authors":"Piotr Olcha, Wiesław Paja, Michał Kępski, Krzysztof Pancerz, Bartosz Klebowski, Łukasz Nowakowski, Krzysztof Gałczyński, Joanna Depciuch","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202500511","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.202500511","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to investigate molecular differences among peritoneal, ovarian, bowel endometriosis phenotypes and control tissues. Peritoneal lesions showed the most pronounced spectral changes in CH-stretching (2800-3000 cm<sup>-1</sup>) and 1000-1500 cm<sup>-1</sup> regions, indicating protein and lipid alterations. Bowel lesions exhibited moderate but significant deviations, particularly in protein- and nucleic acid-associated bands, while ovarian lesions displayed subtler differences with increased lipid-related CH-stretching. Principal component analysis distinguished all phenotypes from controls, with peritoneal clustering most distinct, bowel intermediate, and ovarian partially overlapping. Key discriminative regions included phosphate vibrations (1080-1100, 1240-1250 cm<sup>-1</sup>), CH<sub>2</sub> bending (~1450 cm<sup>-1</sup>), amide I (~1650 cm<sup>-1</sup>), and amide II (~1540 cm<sup>-1</sup>). Decision tree analysis identified phenotype-specific markers: 988 cm<sup>-1</sup> (ovarian), 1101 cm<sup>-1</sup> (bowel), 1544 cm<sup>-1</sup> (peritoneal). Marker intensity correlated with tumor size and clinical scores, strongest in ovarian lesions. These findings highlight phenotype-specific FTIR fingerprints, offering diagnostic and prognostic potential in endometriosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":" ","pages":"e202500511"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145650621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}