Md Farhan Tanvir, Hao Yang, Jason D Gardner, Huabei Jiang
{"title":"Investigating the Impact of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure on Fetal Cardiac Development Using Photoacoustic Tomography.","authors":"Md Farhan Tanvir, Hao Yang, Jason D Gardner, Huabei Jiang","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202500215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbio.202500215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is a leading cause of developmental abnormalities, yet its effects on fetal cardiac development remain understudied. We employed real-time, label-free multispectral photoacoustic tomography (PAT) to noninvasively assess cardiac development in mouse fetuses exposed to chronic alcohol. Using a custom-built PAT system, fetal hearts were imaged from E12 to E16 in alcohol-exposed (3 g/kg ethanol via oral gavage, n = 9) and control (n = 7) CD-1 mice. PAT enabled quantitative measurements of cardiac morphology, oxygen saturation (sO<sub>2</sub>), and heart rate. Alcohol-exposed fetuses exhibited consistently lower sO<sub>2</sub> and greater heart rate variability, particularly at later gestational stages. While structural growth progressed in both groups, functional impairments became more pronounced with alcohol exposure. These findings suggest PAE alters fetal cardiovascular regulation despite normal anatomical development. This study highlights the utility of PAT as a high-resolution, noninvasive tool for monitoring fetal cardiac health and supports its potential application in developmental biology and prenatal diagnostics.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":" ","pages":"e202500215"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144762849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anup M Upadhyaya, Preeta Sharan, H K Sowmya, M G Aruna
{"title":"Design and Development of a Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor System for Hand Function Monitoring in Rehabilitation.","authors":"Anup M Upadhyaya, Preeta Sharan, H K Sowmya, M G Aruna","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202500302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbio.202500302","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Handgrip pressure is a crucial biomechanical indicator, reflecting limb strength and vertebral bone fracture risk. This study introduces a non-invasive Smart Grip strength measurement system utilizing a Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensor. The device quantifies grip pressure exerted by volunteers in various postures through FBG wavelength shift analysis. Demonstrating a sensitivity of 1.32 pm/με, the system measures grip pressures ranging from 6 to 131 kPa across different hand positions. Tested on 20 volunteers aged 18-25, the maximum recorded grip pressure is 131.9 kPa in the arm-dangled position. The FBG-based Smart Grip system provides a precise and efficient method for handgrip strength assessment, valuable for clinical rehabilitation. The novelty of this work lies in the integration of a single FBG-based Smart Grip system for dual applications such as (1) real-time posture-dependent grip strength monitoring and (2) progressive assessment of bone fracture healing.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":" ","pages":"e202500302"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144755510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Denis Lapitan, Xiaoman Xing, Alexey Glazkov, Ksenia Krasulina, Yulia Kovaleva, Polina Glazkova, Timur Britvin, Sergey Zagarov, Roman Larkov, Dmitry Rogatkin
{"title":"Diabetes-Associated Changes in the Toe Photoplethysmogram During Local Heating Test.","authors":"Denis Lapitan, Xiaoman Xing, Alexey Glazkov, Ksenia Krasulina, Yulia Kovaleva, Polina Glazkova, Timur Britvin, Sergey Zagarov, Roman Larkov, Dmitry Rogatkin","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202500190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbio.202500190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We investigated changes in the pulse waveform recorded by photoplethysmography (PPG) during a local heating test in patients with diabetes. The following groups of subjects were studied: healthy individuals (n = 15), patients with Type 2 diabetes accompanied by diabetic retinopathy (n = 14), patients with Type 2 diabetes and diabetic foot syndrome (n = 16). Measurements were taken from the big toes of both limbs while the skin was heated from 32°C to 42°C. We found statistically significant changes in PPG waveform after heating between all three groups. The main change is that the dicrotic notch becomes more pronounced during the heating period. This effect is strongest in Group 1, slightly less pronounced in Group 2, and practically absent in Group 3. Thus, monitoring of the PPG waveform during the heating test may be an effective means of assessing microvascular lesions in diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":" ","pages":"e202500190"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144755511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sinaro Ly, Adrien Badré, Parker Brandt, Chen Wang, Paul Calle, Justin Reynolds, Qinghao Zhang, Kar-Ming Fung, Haoyang Cui, Zhongxin Yu, Sanjay G Patel, Yunlong Liu, Nathan A Bradley, Qinggong Tang, Chongle Pan
{"title":"Deep Learning for Autonomous Surgical Guidance Using 3-Dimensional Images From Forward-Viewing Endoscopic Optical Coherence Tomography.","authors":"Sinaro Ly, Adrien Badré, Parker Brandt, Chen Wang, Paul Calle, Justin Reynolds, Qinghao Zhang, Kar-Ming Fung, Haoyang Cui, Zhongxin Yu, Sanjay G Patel, Yunlong Liu, Nathan A Bradley, Qinggong Tang, Chongle Pan","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202500181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbio.202500181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A three-dimensional convolutional neural network (3D-CNN) was developed for the analysis of volumetric optical coherence tomography (OCT) images to enhance endoscopic guidance during percutaneous nephrostomy. The model was performance-benchmarked using a 10-fold nested cross-validation procedure and achieved an average test accuracy of 90.57% across a dataset of 10 porcine kidneys. This performance significantly exceeded that of 2D-CNN models that attained average test accuracies ranging from 85.63% to 88.22% using 1, 10, or 100 radial sections extracted from the 3D OCT volumes. The 3D-CNN (~12 million parameters) was benchmarked against three state-of-the-art volumetric architectures: the 3D Vision Transformer (3D-ViT, ~45 million parameters), 3D-DenseNet121 (~12 million parameters), and the Multi-plane and Multi-slice Transformer (M3T, ~29 million parameters). While these models achieved comparable inferencing accuracy, the 3D-CNN exhibited lower inference latency (33 ms) than 3D-ViT (86 ms), 3D-DenseNet121 (58 ms), and M3T (93 ms), representing a critical advantage for real-time surgical guidance applications. These results demonstrate the 3D-CNN's capability as a powerful and practical tool for computer-aided diagnosis in OCT-guided surgical interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":" ","pages":"e202500181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144710399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Three-Dimensional Siamese Multi-Level Features Neural Network Based 3D Fusion Improves the Depth of Field in Photoacoustic Microscopy.","authors":"Bokang You, Guobin Liu, Jiahuan He, Yubin Cao, Yiguang Wang, Guolin Liu, Siyi Cao, Shangkun Hou, Kangjun Guo, Qiegen Liu, Xianlin Song","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202500195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbio.202500195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microscopic imaging techniques pursue high-resolution, large depth of field (DoF) imaging but are limited by hardware, especially the strong focusing of objective lenses. Optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy (OR-PAM) has a narrow DoF due to the intense laser focusing needed for high-resolution imaging. To address this, we propose a novel volumetric information fusion method using a three-dimensional siamese multi-level features convolutional neural network (3DSMFCNN) for cost-effective, large-DoF imaging. Initially, an initial decision map (IDM) is produced by performing focus region identification on multi-focus 3D photoacoustic data with the pre-trained 3DSMFCNN. The IDM is then refined through consistency verification and Gaussian filtering to generate the final decision map (FDM). A DoF-enhanced photoacoustic image is obtained by voxel-weighted averaging based on the FDM. Experiments with multi-focus 3D simulated fibers, blood vessels, and real data demonstrate that the method significantly extends the DoF of OR-PAM without sacrificing lateral resolution, which confirms its effectiveness, robustness, and applicability.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":" ","pages":"e202500195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144692845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quantitative Assessment of Human Anisotropic Skin Elasticity Using the Dispersion Curve of Surface Acoustic Wave Elastography.","authors":"Guangyu Zhang, Zhengshuyi Feng, Chunhui Li, Zhihong Huang","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202500299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbio.202500299","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accurate assessment of skin elasticity is critical for understanding its physiological and pathological conditions. Conventional models often neglect anisotropy, leading to inconsistent measurements. We investigated skin anisotropic using Surface acoustic wave (SAW) based Optical Coherence Elastography (OCE), analyzing the angular ( <math> <semantics><mrow><mi>θ</mi></mrow> <annotation>$$ theta $$</annotation></semantics> </math> ) dependence of SAW velocity ( <math> <semantics> <mrow><msub><mi>C</mi> <mi>R</mi></msub> </mrow> <annotation>$$ {C}_R $$</annotation></semantics> </math> ) relative to fiber orientation. Validation experiments were conducted on chicken thighs and human forearms. In chicken thighs, <math> <semantics> <mrow><msub><mi>C</mi> <mi>R</mi></msub> </mrow> <annotation>$$ {C}_R $$</annotation></semantics> </math> showed significant differences across propagation directions ranging from 90° to 0° ( <math> <semantics><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow> <annotation>$$ p $$</annotation></semantics> </math> = 0.008 < 0.05). In the dermis layer of forearms, the <math> <semantics> <mrow><msub><mi>C</mi> <mi>R</mi></msub> </mrow> <annotation>$$ {C}_R $$</annotation></semantics> </math> demonstrated significant angular dependence ( <math> <semantics><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow> <annotation>$$ p $$</annotation></semantics> </math> = 0.031), with a percentage change of 31% while Young's modulus ( <math> <semantics><mrow><mi>E</mi></mrow> <annotation>$$ E $$</annotation></semantics> </math> ) increased by 21.7 ± 11.5 kPa (60.32%) from 90° to 0°. No significant dependence was found in the hypodermis layer. These results demonstrate that incorporating anisotropy improves elasticity estimation and provides a practical foundation for skin assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":" ","pages":"e202500299"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144677077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Algorithms for Intraoperative Neurovascular Inclusion Detection, Diameter and Depth Prediction Based on Frequency Domain Near Infrared Spectroscopy.","authors":"Mariia Belsheva, Larisa Safonova, Alexey Shkarubo, Ilya Chernov","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202500220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbio.202500220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study proposes an improved method for subsurface detection of neurovascular structures and their diameter and depth prediction as crucial feedback to neurosurgeons to prevent critical damage. The method relies on frequency-domain near infrared spectroscopy and machine learning algorithms based on numerical modeling data. The tasks solved include: analyzing the impact of the technical implementation of the spectrometer, forming effective feature vectors for classification and regression, selecting algorithms, developing training methods, and experimentally testing the results. Variational autoencoder-based algorithms demonstrate superior performance in classification and strong results in regression. A key advantage of these algorithms is their ability to train on unlabeled data while preserving the physical meaning of the latent space due to the applied custom constraint. It is essential that the light detectors of the spectrometers have a high internal gain. Experimental tests confirm the feasibility of partial training on simulated data.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":" ","pages":"e202500220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144677076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correlation Between Fingerprint-Guided Sweat Ducts Features From OCT and Diabetic Neuropathy Using Voronoi Diagram.","authors":"Wangbiao Li, Zhida Chen, Hui Lin, Shidi Hu, Kaihong Chen, Yong Guo, Shulian Wu, Hui Li, Yu Chen, Zhifang Li","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202500096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbio.202500096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a prevalent chronic complication of diabetes. Sweat glands are directly controlled by the sympathetic nervous system, whose neuropathy affects the thermal regulation of the skin and results in morphological changes in sweat ducts. This study aims to investigate the correlation between the characteristics of fingerprint-guided sweat ducts assessed by optical coherence tomography and DN based on a predictive model using a back propagation neural network (BPNN) and principal component analysis (PCA). The results demonstrate that the number, volume, and spacing of sweat ducts are correlated with the severity of DN. The Voronoi diagram of the sweat duct distribution demonstrates irregularities in the spatial distribution among patients with DN. Furthermore, the PCA-based BPNN model has good predictive accuracy between patients with non-neuropathic, neuropathic, and severe neuropathic diabetes. These findings suggest that OCT-assessed sweat duct features may serve as non-invasive biomarkers for DN in patients with diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":" ","pages":"e202500096"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144669174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wenlong Song, Bin Zuo, Caiming Jiang, Zhicheng Zhang
{"title":"Brain Activity Within Prefrontal Cortex: A Resting-State fNIRS Comparative Study in High-Functioning Autism Preschoolers and Typically Developed Peers.","authors":"Wenlong Song, Bin Zuo, Caiming Jiang, Zhicheng Zhang","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202500257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbio.202500257","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We applied functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) technology to detect brain function within the prefrontal cortex in 23 typically developing (TD) preschool children and 48 children with high-functioning autism (HFA), aiming to observe the differences in brain function within the prefrontal cortex between the two groups. We found that the activation degree of channels 6-7-11 corresponding to the activation area of the right prefrontal lobe in the HFA group, is significantly higher than that in the Typical Development TD group. Moreover, the number and intensity of brain functional connectivity in the HFA group are significantly lower than those in the TD group. The active areas of the brain network in the HFA group are not as concentrated as those in the TD group. This demonstrates that fNIRS detection can serve as a potential biomarker for brain activity within the prefrontal cortex of preschool children with HFA.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":" ","pages":"e202500527"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144651666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wenshuai Li, Bin Xu, Chaofu Sun, Weiping Liu, Yang Zhang, Ji Wu, Xuefeng Liu, Jichuan Xiong
{"title":"Multiparametric Wide-Field Fluorescence Imaging via Polarization Modulation With Liquid Crystal Rotators.","authors":"Wenshuai Li, Bin Xu, Chaofu Sun, Weiping Liu, Yang Zhang, Ji Wu, Xuefeng Liu, Jichuan Xiong","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202500187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbio.202500187","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fluorescence polarization imaging provides critical insights into molecular orientation, yet existing methods face limitations in parameter extraction efficiency and implementation complexity. This study proposes Wide-Field Multiparametric Fluorescence Imaging (WMPFI) using a Liquid Crystal Polarization Rotator (LCPR) for rapid polarization state modulation that generates pixel-level intensity modulations that encode fluorophore orientation. By analyzing fluorescence intensity variations under different polarization excitations, WMPFI reconstructs sample structural information through parametric imaging without requiring optical lock-in detection or computational reconstruction algorithms. Comparative experiments with Conventional Microscopy (CM) demonstrate WMPFI's enhanced sensitivity to anisotropic fluorescent dipole orientations, achieving superior contrast and resolution in imaging neural stem cells and skin tissues. The method's capacity for multi-parameter acquisition through polarization modulation offers a simplified approach for probing subcellular material exchange dynamics, with potential extensions to super-resolution imaging modalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":" ","pages":"e202500187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144639101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}