Reobbe Aguiar Pereira, Aparecida Maria Catai, Juliana Cristina Milan-Mattos, Adriana Keila Dias, Nivaldo Antonio Parizotto
{"title":"Effects of Acute Photobiomodulation on Heart Rate Variability in Physically Active Individuals: A Randomized and Controlled Clinical Trial.","authors":"Reobbe Aguiar Pereira, Aparecida Maria Catai, Juliana Cristina Milan-Mattos, Adriana Keila Dias, Nivaldo Antonio Parizotto","doi":"10.1002/jbio.70242","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.70242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy is widely investigated for tissue recovery, performance enhancement, and post-exercise optimization. This study assessed whether PBM applied to the vagus nerve in the infra-auricular region, combined with resistance exercise, modulates cardiac autonomic function in healthy, physically active adults. In this acute randomized controlled trial, 34 volunteers were enrolled: 17 underwent PBM or sham PBM in a crossover design, while a control group (n = 17) received PBM without exercise. PBM was delivered with a total energy dose of 12 J. Heart rate variability (HRV) was analyzed in time, frequency, and non-linear domains. Results showed a slight reduction (p = 0.011) in approximate entropy (ApEn) in the PBM group compared with controls, but no significant differences were observed in other HRV indices. These findings suggest that PBM applied to the vagus nerve induces minimal acute modulation of autonomic complexity. Further studies with different dosimetries and exercise protocols are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":"19 3","pages":"e70242"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12976981/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147438746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of biophotonicsPub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-14DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202500291
Hong Bae Kim, Ku Youn Baik, Chang Kyu Sung
{"title":"Enhancing Cerebral Blood Flow With Near-Infrared Light Therapy in Mouse Model of a Chronic Hypoxia-Induced Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Stenosis.","authors":"Hong Bae Kim, Ku Youn Baik, Chang Kyu Sung","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202500291","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.202500291","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transcranial photobiomodulation (PBM) was evaluated in a bilateral common carotid artery stenosis mouse model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. PBM enhanced cognitive performance and regional cerebral blood flow, particularly in hippocampal and cortical regions. Histological analysis revealed attenuated neuronal loss and smaller perivascular spaces, although residual necrotic foci persisted. PBM reduced BCL2 expression and modulated HIF-1 in a context-dependent manner, suggesting neuroprotection via BCL2-independent and hypoxia-responsive pathways. These results support PBM as a noninvasive approach for mitigating cognitive decline in chronic hypoperfusion and warrant longitudinal, mechanistic studies to define its therapeutic parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":" ","pages":"e202500291"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145759094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elena V Zharkikh, Yulia I Loktionova, Vyacheslav S Yanushin, Kirill S Kireev, Victor V Sidorov, Andrey V Dunaev
{"title":"Wearable Laser Doppler Flowmetry and Fluorescence Spectroscopy Devices: Instrumentation and Methodology of Application in Clinical and Space Research.","authors":"Elena V Zharkikh, Yulia I Loktionova, Vyacheslav S Yanushin, Kirill S Kireev, Victor V Sidorov, Andrey V Dunaev","doi":"10.1002/jbio.70209","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.70209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The work aims to study the latest technical developments in instrumental support of laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) and fluorescence spectroscopy (FS) methods and to evaluate the possibilities of using wearable LDF and FS devices in clinical practice and space medicine. The paper demonstrates the principle of the implementation of wearable LDF and FS devices, the possibilities of forming distributed analyser systems for simultaneous registration of parameters in several areas of interest, and demonstrates examples of registered signals. Prospects and directions of device application in clinical practice are estimated. For the first time, research was conducted to demonstrate the possibility of using wearable LDF and FS devices to record physiological parameters of astronauts in real time during pre-flight training with exposure to overloads, hypoxia and hypobaria, orthostatic and vestibular effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":" ","pages":"e70209"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145844497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lenka Vaňková, Jiří Bufka, Pavla Šigutová, Monika Holubová, Věra Křížková
{"title":"Raman Spectral Signatures of Human Neutrophils: A Single-Cell Approach.","authors":"Lenka Vaňková, Jiří Bufka, Pavla Šigutová, Monika Holubová, Věra Křížková","doi":"10.1002/jbio.70251","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.70251","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>With their noninvasive capabilities for molecular-level analysis of biological tissues and cells, Raman spectroscopy and microscopy have become important tools in medicine and medical diagnostics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this work, we describe a reliable and repeatable technique for Raman spectroscopic profiling of human neutrophils in peripheral blood smears. 1200 single-cell spectra from 12 healthy donors were obtained using Raman microscopy, and the results showed consistent spectral features of key biomolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, carotenoids, and cytochrome c.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We used t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding and principal component analysis to assess interindividual variability; both techniques showed minimal spectral divergence between donors and high reproducibility. This study lays the methodological groundwork for upcoming Raman microscopy applications enabling non-invasive assessment of immune cell states in health and disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results demonstrate the potential of Raman microscopy in clinical diagnostics, specifically for tracking the metabolic states of cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":"19 3","pages":"e70251"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12974645/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147438504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gavrielle R Untracht, Gabriella Fredman, John R Zibert, Merete Haedersdal, Vinzent Kevin Ortner
{"title":"Longitudinal Assessment of Vascularity in Actinic Keratosis Using Dynamic Optical Coherence Tomography: Practical Considerations and Theoretical Insights.","authors":"Gavrielle R Untracht, Gabriella Fredman, John R Zibert, Merete Haedersdal, Vinzent Kevin Ortner","doi":"10.1002/jbio.70240","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.70240","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Longitudinal monitoring of actinic keratosis (AK) is a part of patient management, scientific studies, and the development of new treatment strategies. Dynamic optical coherence tomography (D-OCT), an imaging method that enables noninvasive assessment of microvasculature, in conjunction with automated quantitative analysis, shows promise as an objective and robust method for monitoring AKs. Critical to quantitative longitudinal assessments is a dataset in which good-quality images are available at all time points. Yet, to date, few resources exist to train clinical researchers on how to ensure robust D-OCT data collection. In this study, we identify hallmarks of poor image quality to guide data curation and avoid biasing study results. We highlight strategies for imaging lesions with significant hyperkeratosis. Finally, we discuss characteristic features present in D-OCT images of AK that may complicate quantitative analysis. We hope that this work will facilitate the use of D-OCT in the objective longitudinal assessment of AK.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":"19 3","pages":"e70240"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12954474/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147346125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhexue Huang, Hui Sun, Guangyue Zhu, Xiaoshun Tang, Zhengchen Li, Qian Liang, Hang Liang, Junhui She, Yuhui Chen, Xijin Wang
{"title":"Multimodal Brain Network Analysis of Resting-State fNIRS Reveals Cortical Compensation and Integration Imbalance in Acute Stroke.","authors":"Zhexue Huang, Hui Sun, Guangyue Zhu, Xiaoshun Tang, Zhengchen Li, Qian Liang, Hang Liang, Junhui She, Yuhui Chen, Xijin Wang","doi":"10.1002/jbio.70248","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.70248","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study utilized resting-state functional near-infrared spectroscopy to investigate the alterations in brain functional networks resulting from acute stroke. By implementing a comprehensive multimodal analytical approach, we assessed functional connectivity, effective connectivity, and graph-theoretical topology in resting-state fNIRS data. A total of 26 patients with acute stroke and 18 age- and sex-matched healthy controls participated in the study. The findings indicated a significant increase in effective connectivity from the affected supplementary motor area and a decrease in nodal degree centrality in the affected premotor cortex. While the global small-world topology remained intact, no notable differences in functional connectivity were observed between the groups. Notably, effective connectivity and graph-theoretical metrics proved to be more sensitive than functional connectivity in identifying acute stroke pathology. These results suggest a cortical compensation mechanism characterized by enhanced effective connectivity, even in the presence of impaired nodal integration in motor-related regions during the acute phase.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":"19 3","pages":"e70248"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147437627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Femtosecond Optical Kerr Effect in Alzheimer's Brain Tissue.","authors":"Sandra Mamani, Laura A Sordillo, Robert R Alfano","doi":"10.1002/jbio.70244","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.70244","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The optical Kerr effect (OKE) spectroscopy is a powerful technique to study ultrafast dynamics of a material's response to an optical field. In this study, we investigated OKE in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and normal human brain tissues from the hippocampus and Brodmann areas 9 and 17. The Kerr signals from both AD and normal samples exhibited a distinct double-peak profile, corresponding to the electronic and plasma mechanisms. Analysis of plasma relaxation and dielectric response times revealed that conductivity in the AD hippocampus was approximately 46%-61% higher than in normal tissue, due to an increase in structural inhomogeneity, which may arise from tau and amyloid-beta (Aβ) protein accumulation and elevated water content. Overall, the mean conductivity across the three regions was 38% higher in AD compared to normal tissue. These findings demonstrate that OKE can provide valuable information on underlying molecular mechanisms of the brain that occur on ultrafast timescale.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":"19 3","pages":"e70244"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147461554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of biophotonicsPub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-17DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202500340
Hong Bae Kim, Chang Kyu Sung
{"title":"Synergistic Effects of Near-Infrared Photobiomodulation and Allogeneic Fibrin Serum on Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells.","authors":"Hong Bae Kim, Chang Kyu Sung","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202500340","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.202500340","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Effective osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) is critical for regenerative applications. This study examined the synergistic effects of 810 nm near-infrared photobiomodulation (PBM) and allogeneic fibrin serum (AFS) on hDPSC differentiation and tissue regeneration. Cells cultured with 10% fetal bovine serum or 5% AFS were irradiated with PBM at 71 or 142 mJ/cm<sup>2</sup>. Osteogenesis was assessed by qRT-PCR, Alizarin Red S staining with semi-quantitative image analysis, and histological evaluation of transplanted constructs in immunocompromised mice. PBM alone transiently suppressed early osteogenic markers on Day 7. By Day 14, combined treatment with AFS and 142 mJ/cm<sup>2</sup> PBM significantly upregulated ALP, COL1, RUNX2, OCN, and RANKL, and enhanced matrix mineralization. In vivo, 8-week constructs pretreated with PBM and AFS showed organized architecture and early mineralization. These findings support PBM-AFS synergy, potentially involving TGF-β1 signaling, as a promising xeno-free approach for bone and dental tissue regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":" ","pages":"e202500340"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145770538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Non-Invasive and Rapid Quantitative Elasticity Analysis of Seborrheic Keratosis Based on Optical Coherence Elastography: An Exploratory Study.","authors":"Shiyang Li, Yawen Guo, Ting Meng, Jiahui Luo, Xiao Han, Yangyang Gong, Wenmin Fei, Xianwei Cao","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202500513","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.202500513","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Seborrheic keratosis is a common benign skin tumor. None of the current conventional testing techniques can assess the mechanical properties of the tissue, such as hardness, elasticity and viscoelasticity. In this study, we investigated the morphological and elastic properties of seborrheic keratosis (SK), a common benign skin tumor, using optical coherence elastography (OCE). We found that the OCE technique was able to distinguish SK tissue from normal tissue. In addition, by measuring skin elasticity, it was possible to identify SK lesions with different clinical types and dermoscopic patterns of presentation. As a non-invasive quantitative tool, OCE demonstrates significant potential in the clinical diagnosis and assessment of skin aging diseases, providing objective evaluations based on elasticity.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":" ","pages":"e202500513"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145759160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of biophotonicsPub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-03DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202500372
Jialiang Dong, Chengchao Liu
{"title":"Tunable Polarization Imaging System With Liquid Crystal Polarization Grating for Biomedical Tissue Analysis.","authors":"Jialiang Dong, Chengchao Liu","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202500372","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.202500372","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a tunable polarization imaging system (TPS) incorporating a liquid crystal polarization grating (LCPG) and a quarter-wave plate (QWP). TPS overcomes low diffraction efficiency and insufficient flexibility in polarimetric imaging, leveraging the LCPG's high diffraction efficiency (> 98%) and polarization control via LCPG-QWP combination. Using the TPS, we conducted comparative experiments on five types of pathological tissue sections, employing six types of polarized light alongside unpolarized light (serving as the control group), and acquired polarization images. Furthermore, we applied multidimensional data analysis methods to analyze and compare the obtained polarization images. The results show that polarized light significantly enhances texture contrast in diseased tissues, achieving a 284% increase compared to acquisitions using unpolarized light, while enabling robust discrimination between benign and malignant tissues. TPS, characterized by its high efficiency, compact design, and compatibility with existing equipment, shows great potential for label-free, pathological-section-based early cancer diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":" ","pages":"e202500372"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145673202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}