Journal of biophotonics最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
Novel Diagnostic Approach for Acute Pharyngitis: Combining Machine Learning With Thermal Imaging. 急性咽炎的新型诊断方法:将机器学习与热成像技术相结合。
Journal of biophotonics Pub Date : 2024-10-13 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202400219
Oshrit Hoffer, Moriya Cohen, Maya Gerstein, Vered Shkalim Zemer, Yael Reichenberg, Dima Bykhovsky, Moshe Hoshen, Herman Avner Cohen
{"title":"Novel Diagnostic Approach for Acute Pharyngitis: Combining Machine Learning With Thermal Imaging.","authors":"Oshrit Hoffer, Moriya Cohen, Maya Gerstein, Vered Shkalim Zemer, Yael Reichenberg, Dima Bykhovsky, Moshe Hoshen, Herman Avner Cohen","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202400219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbio.202400219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We evaluated the effect of infrared thermography (IRT) on the clinical assessment of bacterial and viral pharyngitis and its impact on the predictive value of the McIsaac score algorithm for streptococcal pharyngitis in children. We also investigated if IRT could distinguish between bacterial and viral pharyngitis. The study included children aged 2-17 years presenting with sore throat and fever over 38°C from November 1, 2021, to April 30, 2022. Of the 76 assessed children, 16 were excluded due to missing data or technical issues, leaving 60 children (32 males, 28 females) divided into three groups: Group A with streptococcal pharyngitis (N = 30), viral pharyngitis (N = 16), and healthy controls (N = 14). McIsaac score and IRT imaging showed a 90% positive predictive value for streptococcal pharyngitis. While IRT alone could not distinguish between bacterial and viral infections, it significantly increased the predictive value when combined with the McIsaac score.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142484173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
High-Resolution Terahertz Spectroscopy for Medical Diagnostics. 用于医学诊断的高分辨率太赫兹光谱学。
Journal of biophotonics Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202400316
Vladimir Vaks, Elena Domracheva, Maria Chernyaeva, Vladimir Anfertev, Andrey Ayzenshtadt, Kseniya Glushkova, Aleksandra Cherniaeva
{"title":"High-Resolution Terahertz Spectroscopy for Medical Diagnostics.","authors":"Vladimir Vaks, Elena Domracheva, Maria Chernyaeva, Vladimir Anfertev, Andrey Ayzenshtadt, Kseniya Glushkova, Aleksandra Cherniaeva","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202400316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbio.202400316","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The metabolomics-based approach to diagnostics and therapy monitoring is a fast-emerging trend in modern medicine. Terahertz nonstationary spectroscopy based on the induction and disintegration of freely decaying polarization in the gas mixture during the interaction of radiation with molecules at resonance frequencies is a high-sensitivity method for studying multicomponent gas mixtures, which is promising for identifying metabolites in the thermal decomposition products of biological samples. The paper presents the results of the application of high-resolution terahertz spectroscopy to the study of biological samples taken from patients with certain diseases (pathologically changed tissues of ear-nose-throat organs and similar pathologic tissues formed in other life support systems) to search for characteristic sets of metabolites characterizing the pathology. The world's first measurements of the spectra of pathologic samples of cysts, formed in different life support systems, were carried out, which made it possible to identify similar substances in tissues having the same pathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142484169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Pair of Indicators for Characterizing Cerebral Microbleeds Based on Raman Spectrum and Two-Photon Imaging. 基于拉曼光谱和双光子成像的一对脑微出血特征指标
Journal of biophotonics Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202400247
Xin Su, Jianhui Wan, Zixi Zheng, Xinyue Xing, Shengde Liu, Shuxian Yang, Liyun Zhong, Xiaoxu Lu
{"title":"A Pair of Indicators for Characterizing Cerebral Microbleeds Based on Raman Spectrum and Two-Photon Imaging.","authors":"Xin Su, Jianhui Wan, Zixi Zheng, Xinyue Xing, Shengde Liu, Shuxian Yang, Liyun Zhong, Xiaoxu Lu","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202400247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbio.202400247","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) lead to cognitive decline, linked to the axonal structure composed of phospholipid bilayers. Current methods are difficult to obtain in situ changes of biochemical component concentration during CMB. In this study, by Raman spectrum and two-photon imaging, we achieve in situ changes in the information of biochemical components concentration during CMB. The overall concentration of phospholipids in the damaged tissue significantly decreases after CMB, forming a large region of low concentration, but the relative concentration of phosphatidylinositol (PI) increases, reflecting the inhibition role of the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) pathway. Accordingly, two-photon images of neurons show a clear decrease in the number of axons, indicating a close correlation between phospholipid hydrolysis and axon damage, as well as cognitive impairment. Therefore, the decrease in phospholipid concentration and the increase in the PI concentration might serve as a pair of indicators for characterizing CMB and its relationship with cognitive decline.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142402503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Laser Aggregometry Assessment of Blood Microrheology in a Slit Fluidic Channel Covered With Endothelial Cells. 内皮细胞覆盖的狭缝流体通道中血液微流变的激光聚集测量评估
Journal of biophotonics Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202400379
Alexey N Semenov, Andrei E Lugovtsov, Petr B Ermolinskiy, Alexander V Priezzhev
{"title":"Laser Aggregometry Assessment of Blood Microrheology in a Slit Fluidic Channel Covered With Endothelial Cells.","authors":"Alexey N Semenov, Andrei E Lugovtsov, Petr B Ermolinskiy, Alexander V Priezzhev","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202400379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbio.202400379","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The blood rheology in vitro in glass or plastic microfluidic chips is different from that in vivo in blood vessels with similar geometry. Absence of vascular endothelium is suggested to cause these discrepancies. This work aims to perform in vitro measurements of blood microrheologic parameters in a slit microfluidic channel covered with endothelial cells (HUVEC). The laser aggregometry was employed to measure the intensity of laser light, backscattered from the blood flow, as a function of shear stress to evaluate the hydrodynamic strength of red blood cells (RBC) aggregates in terms of critical shear stress (CSS). The results demonstrated a decrease in CSS accompanied by an increase in the accuracy of its measurement at similar shear stresses when endothelial cells were present in the channel. The findings hold valuable implications for advanced approaches for endothelization of microfluidic devices, facilitating the study of blood flow dynamics in physiologically more relevant environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142402505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Simple and Fast Optical Clearing Method for Whole-Mount Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) Imaging. 用于整装荧光原位杂交 (FISH) 成像的简单快速光学清除方法。
Journal of biophotonics Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202400258
Junwoo Suh, Yehe Liu, Jordan Smith, Michiko Watanabe, Andrew M Rollins, Michael W Jenkins
{"title":"A Simple and Fast Optical Clearing Method for Whole-Mount Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) Imaging.","authors":"Junwoo Suh, Yehe Liu, Jordan Smith, Michiko Watanabe, Andrew M Rollins, Michael W Jenkins","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202400258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbio.202400258","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report a single-step optical clearing method that is compatible with RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) imaging. We previously demonstrated microscopy imaging with immunohistochemistry and genetic reporters using a technique called lipid-preserving refractive index matching for prolonged imaging depth (LIMPID). Our protocol reliably produces high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) images with minimal aberrations using high magnification objectives, captures large field-of-view images of whole-mount tissues, and supports co-labeling with antibody and FISH probes. We also custom-designed FISH probes for quail embryos, demonstrating the ease of fabricating probes for use with less common animal models. Furthermore, we show high-quality 3D images using a conventional fluorescence microscope, without using more advanced depth sectioning instruments such as confocal or light-sheet microscopy. For broader adoption, we simplified and optimized 3D-LIMPID-FISH to minimize the barrier to entry, and we provide a detailed protocol to aid users with navigating the thick and thin of 3D microscopy.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142402504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impact of Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles on In Vitro Development of a Mouse Preimplantation Embryo and Interaction With the Zona Pellucida. 氧化石墨烯纳米粒子对小鼠植入前胚胎体外发育的影响以及与透明带的相互作用
Journal of biophotonics Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202400268
Artashes V Karmenyan, Alexander S Krivokharchenko, Micahella N Sarmiento, Eviyona L Barus, Elena V Perevedentseva, Chia-Liang Cheng
{"title":"Impact of Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles on In Vitro Development of a Mouse Preimplantation Embryo and Interaction With the Zona Pellucida.","authors":"Artashes V Karmenyan, Alexander S Krivokharchenko, Micahella N Sarmiento, Eviyona L Barus, Elena V Perevedentseva, Chia-Liang Cheng","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202400268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbio.202400268","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of assisted reproductive technologies increases the likelihood of nanoparticles' (NPs) direct contact with gametes and embryos in in vitro conditions. Analyzing the influence of nanomaterials on the early mammalian embryo becomes increasingly relevant. This work is devoted to the effect of graphene oxide (GO) NPs on the in vitro development of mammalian embryos. Mouse 2-cell embryos were preincubated with GO NPs. The interaction of GO with the Zona Pellucida (ZP) of the embryo was investigated using fluorescence lifetime imaging with two-photon excitation (2p-FLIM). During embryo development, the NPs penetration into ZP (blastocyst stage) and perivitelline space (blastocyst hatching stage) was observed. Despite this, GO did not affect the embryo's ability to develop till late and hatching blastocysts. The mechanism of the NPs getting into the perivitelline space and the consequences of NP-embryo direct contact are discussed. The 2p-FLIM efficiency for studying NP interaction with mammalian embryos is evaluated.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142335236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Photoplethysmography-Based Angiography of Skin Tumors in Arbitrary Areas of Human Body. 基于光速摄影的人体任意部位皮肤肿瘤血管造影。
Journal of biophotonics Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202400242
Anastasia Guryleva, Alexander Machikhin, Ekaterina Orlova, Evgeniya Kulikova, Michail Volkov, Gaiane Gabrielian, Ludmila Smirnova, Marina Sekacheva, Olga Olisova, Ekaterina Rudenko, Olga Lobanova, Vera Smolyannikova, Tatiana Demura
{"title":"Photoplethysmography-Based Angiography of Skin Tumors in Arbitrary Areas of Human Body.","authors":"Anastasia Guryleva, Alexander Machikhin, Ekaterina Orlova, Evgeniya Kulikova, Michail Volkov, Gaiane Gabrielian, Ludmila Smirnova, Marina Sekacheva, Olga Olisova, Ekaterina Rudenko, Olga Lobanova, Vera Smolyannikova, Tatiana Demura","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202400242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbio.202400242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Noninvasive, rapid, and robust diagnostic techniques for clinical screening of tumors located in arbitrary areas of the human body are in demand. To address this challenge, we analyzed the feasibility of photoplethysmography-based angiography for assessing vascular structures within malignant and benign tumors. The proposed hardware and software were approved in a clinical study involving 30 patients with tumors located in the legs, torso, arms, and head. High-contrast and detailed vessel maps within both benign and malignant tumors were obtained. We demonstrated that capillary maps are consistent and can be interpreted using well-established dermoscopic criteria for vascular morphology. Vessel mapping provides valuable details, which may not be available in dermoscopic images and can aid in determining whether a tumor is benign or malignant. We believe that the proposed approach may become a valuable tool in the preliminary cancer diagnosis and is suitable for large-scale screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142335238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Microsaccades Tracking by Secondary Speckle Pattern Analysis. 通过二次斑点模式分析追踪微注视
Journal of biophotonics Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202400184
Ola Shteinberg, Sergey Agdarov, Yafim Beiderman, Yoram S Bonneh, Inbal Ziv, Zeev Zalevsky
{"title":"Microsaccades Tracking by Secondary Speckle Pattern Analysis.","authors":"Ola Shteinberg, Sergey Agdarov, Yafim Beiderman, Yoram S Bonneh, Inbal Ziv, Zeev Zalevsky","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202400184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbio.202400184","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Here we propose a not pupil-dependent microsaccades tracking technique and a novel detection method. We present a proof of concept for detecting microsaccades using a non-contact laser-based photonic system recording and processing the temporal changes of speckle patterns scattered from an eye sclera. The data, simultaneously recorded by the speckle-based tracker (SBT) and the video-based eye tracker (Eyelink), was analyzed by the frequently used detection method of Engbert and Kliegl (E&K) and by advanced machine learning detection (MLD) techniques. We detected 93% of microsaccades in the SBT data out of microsaccades detected in the Eyelink data with the E&K method. By utilizing MLD, a precision of 86% was achieved. The findings of our study demonstrate a potential improvement in measuring tiny eye movements, such as microsaccades, using speckle-based eye tracking and, thus, an alternative to video-based eye tracking for detecting microsaccades.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142157055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Extracting Superficial Scattering by Q-Sensing Technique. 利用 Q 感应技术提取表层散射。
Journal of biophotonics Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202400262
Alon Tzroya, Hamootal Duadi, Dror Fixler
{"title":"Extracting Superficial Scattering by Q-Sensing Technique.","authors":"Alon Tzroya, Hamootal Duadi, Dror Fixler","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202400262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbio.202400262","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Optical properties determine how light interacts with biological tissues. The current methods for measuring these optical properties are influenced by both deep and superficial skin layers. Polarization-based methods have been proposed in order to determine the influence of deep layer scattering. Polarized light allows for the separation of ballistic photons from diffuse ones, enhancing image contrast and resolution while providing additional tissue information. The Q-sensing technique captures co-polarized <math> <semantics> <mrow> <mfenced><msub><mi>I</mi> <mo>∥</mo></msub> </mfenced> </mrow> <annotation>$$ left({I}_{parallel}right) $$</annotation></semantics> </math> and cross-polarized <math> <semantics> <mrow> <mfenced><msub><mi>I</mi> <mo>⊥</mo></msub> </mfenced> </mrow> <annotation>$$ left({I}_{perp}right) $$</annotation></semantics> </math> signals, making it possible to isolate the superficial scattering. However, the random structure of tissues leads to rapid depolarization of the polarized light. Detecting where the light becomes depolarized aids in sensing abnormalities within the tissues. Hence, this research focuses on identifying where depolarization occurs within the tissue. Tissue-mimicking phantoms, simulating the optical properties of biological tissues, are created to measure depolarization at various thicknesses. Experimental findings are validated with a Monte Carlo simulation, modeling polarized light behavior through the polydisperse tissue (as the tissue scatterers are heterogeneous in size). Additionally, the research demonstrates how polarized light can extract the optical properties of the medium.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142143508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Investigation of the Effect of Compression Pressure in Contact OCT Imaging on the Measurement of Epidermis Thickness. 研究接触式 OCT 成像中的压缩压力对表皮厚度测量的影响
Journal of biophotonics Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202400289
Zhiying Xie, Yaping Shi, Agathe Marmin, Ruikang K Wang
{"title":"Investigation of the Effect of Compression Pressure in Contact OCT Imaging on the Measurement of Epidermis Thickness.","authors":"Zhiying Xie, Yaping Shi, Agathe Marmin, Ruikang K Wang","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202400289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbio.202400289","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive 3D imaging technique that offers significant advantages over traditional microscopy and biopsy in measuring epidermal thickness (ET) when assessing skin conditions. However, OCT imagining is often required to be in a contact mode for mitigating the issues of subject movement and uneven skin topology. It is not known whether the contact would affect the ability of ET measurements. In this study, we investigate the relationship between the contact pressure applied and the ET measurements. We observed progressive deformation in the epidermis with the increase of compression forces, where a notable decrease of up to 13% in ET measurement and 70% decrease in capillary vessels was noted when imaging was in contact mode. We also observed 8.1% less deformation properties in scar tissue than in nearby healthy tissue. Our study underscored the importance of controlled pressure in contact imaging mode, which is often neglected.</p>","PeriodicalId":94068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biophotonics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142082929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信