Brain Circulation最新文献

{"title":"Holter parameters score predicts prognosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke: A prospective cohort study.","authors":"Jinhuan Gao, Yue Hu, Lanjing Wang, Letecia Simo, Tong Shen, Chunlin Yin, Yumin Luo, Sijie Li","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_182_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/bc.bc_182_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiac dysfunction significantly contributes to worsened neurological outcomes following acute ischemic stroke (AIS), posing challenges for prognostication. Holter monitoring is widely used to detect occult cardiac dysfunction and plays a crucial role in managing AIS. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of a composite Holter parameter score for prognosis in patients with AIS.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 113 patients with AIS within 7 days of stroke onset were enrolled. Holter parameters, including prolonged QT interval, atrial fibrillation, arrhythmia, ST-T elevation, and heart rate variability, were recorded. The primary endpoint was poor prognosis, defined as a 3-month modified Rankin Scale score > 1. Risk factors affecting prognosis were identified using logistic regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A Holter score incorporating prolonged QT interval, partial ST-T elevation, standard deviation average of the RR interval at 24 h and low frequency during the daytime was developed to predict 3 months prognosis in patients with AIS. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the Holter score remained significantly associated with prognosis. The inclusion of the Holter score in the conventional model improved discrimination and net reclassification (net reclassification improvement % = 65.13% [25.01%, 105.24%], integrated discrimination improvement % = 6.99% [1.16%, 12.81%]). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.905 (0.831-0.978; <i>P</i> < 0.0001), indicating excellent model fit.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The composite Holter score exhibited a promising predictive value for identifying poor prognosis in patients with AIS. Its incorporation into clinical practice may enhance risk stratification and guide treatment decisions in this patient population.<b>TRIAL REGISTRATION:</b> http://www.clinicaltrials.gov (identifier: NCT03868007).</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"12 2","pages":"154-166"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13152234/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147866842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue translocation gene 1-related immune prognostic signature and targeted drug screening for glioblastoma.","authors":"Hui Li, Zhishan Du, Han Lu, Jianxin Xi, Hong Hu","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_65_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/bc.bc_65_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common intracranial malignancy in adults, and traditional treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy have shown limited improvements in patient prognosis. While immunotherapy has transformed treatment outcomes for many cancers, GBM patients often exhibit resistance due to the tumor's unique immunosuppressive microenvironment, resulting in poor prognosis. The mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue translocation gene 1 (MALT1) has been implicated in the activation of nuclear factor kappa-B and the promotion of cancer cell proliferation and migration. Inhibiting MALT1 has been shown to reduce the mesenchymal phenotype of GBM. Thus, understanding the role of MALT1 in GBM's immunosuppressive microenvironment is crucial.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this study, we analyzed RNA-seq data from 169 GBM patients obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas database, categorizing them into MALT1_High and MALT1_Low groups based on MALT1 expression levels. We quantified the enrichment levels of 29 immune signatures for each patient in both the groups. We then identified differentially expressed immune genes and used these to develop an immune prognostic signature (IPS) through Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator Cox regression analysis. Furthermore, we validated the role of MALT1 in GBM through MTT(3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide), scratch assays, and small interfering RNA knockdown experiments. In addition, we tested the effects of promising MALT1 inhibitors identified through computer-aided technologies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our analysis revealed that PDYN, a gene not previously associated with GBM prognosis, could serve as a potential target. Using a three-gene IPS, we created a predictive nomogram model to assess the prognosis of GBM patients. The validation experiments confirmed that MALT1 plays a significant role in promoting GBM cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In addition, the computer-aided identification of MALT1 inhibitors demonstrated their potential to inhibit GBM progression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study explored the role of MALT1 in GBM's immunosuppressive microenvironment, developed a novel MALT1-related prognostic model, and identified potential targeted therapies for GBM, providing new avenues for therapeutic intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"12 1","pages":"42-57"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12974933/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147431110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive strategies for stroke prevention: A narrative review of population-level risk factor mitigation.","authors":"Ruiyang Ding, Omar Elmadhoun, Rui Chen, Xunming Ji","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_15_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/bc.bc_15_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stroke remains a leading cause of global mortality and is projected to become the second-largest contributor to the global disease burden by the year 2050. Despite advancements in medical technology, a definitive cure for stroke is still unavailable, and effective management heavily depends on timely intervention after its occurrence. In recent decades, stroke incidence has declined in developed nations due to improved preventive measures while it has surged in developing regions, particularly among younger populations. This highlights the urgent need for comprehensive prevention strategies to address modifiable factors and reduce long-term disabilities. This review categorizes modifiable stroke risk factors into three key domains: metabolic, behavioral, and environmental. It synthesizes current knowledge and evaluates intervention strategies targeting hypertension, diabetes, smoking, dietary habits, and air pollution, among others. The review also examines emerging evidence on the benefits and limitations of these interventions, providing critical insights into their effectiveness. Notably, the discussion also encompasses the interplay and combined impacts of these risk factors, offering a thorough insight into etiology and emphasizing the importance of adopting a comprehensive strategy for risk management. By providing a general view of stroke prevention efforts, the paper aims to guide future research and support the development of evidence-based, population-level strategies to mitigate stroke risk globally.</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"12 3","pages":"226-245"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13524411/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148850104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exosomal programmed death-ligand 1 is associated with post-intracerebral hemorrhage pneumonia.","authors":"Bin Gao, Ying Zhang, Nuo Cheng, Shunnan Ge, Zhichao Lu, Hong Wang, Wenyan He, Wei Shi, Yan Qu, Xingquan Zhao, Fu-Dong Shi, Kaibin Shi","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_187_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/bc.bc_187_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Post-stroke immunosuppression elevates the risk of stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP). Our earlier research indicated that perihematomal neuron-derived PD-L1 may play a role in peripheral immunosuppression following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH); however, the specific carriers of PD-L1 and its potential as a predictor for SAP risk are yet to be determined.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We hypothesize that elevated levels of exosomal PD-L1 in peripheral blood after ICH mediate immune suppression and increase the risk of SAP. This observational study aimed to investigate the levels of exosomal PD-L1 post-ICH and their relationship with SAP. In an exploratory cohort of 39 patients with ICH and 24 healthy controls and a validation cohort of 144 patients with ICH.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At admission, patients with ICH exhibited significantly increased exosome numbers in their peripheral blood, with these exosomes showing high expression of the neuronal marker neural cell adhesion molecule L1, suggesting a brain origin. Exosomal PD-L1 levels were elevated in patients with ICH compared to healthy controls and were higher in patients with SAP than those without. After adjusting for confounders, exosomal PD-L1 was confirmed to be independently associated with SAP in both the exploratory cohort and validation cohort.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Brain-derived exosomes with high expression of PD-L1 are substantially released into the periphery after ICH. Elevated exosomal PD-L1 levels correlate with an increased risk of SAP.</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"12 3","pages":"270-278"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13524406/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148849637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intelligent detection method for carotid atherosclerotic plaques based on ultrasound imaging.","authors":"Shangming Zhu, Lishuang Guo, Xiaolian Qiu, Miaowen Jiang, Chongyuan He, Bo Sun, Jian Xu, Guanqun Chen, Jinlong Ma, Min He, Xunming Ji","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_173_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/bc.bc_173_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The formation of carotid atherosclerotic plaques (CAP) is a major contributor to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Early detection and accurate identification of plaques are crucial for reducing the risk of these conditions. However, traditional CAP detection methods rely heavily on manual analysis by clinical experts and specific imaging equipment, which limits their feasibility for large-scale screening and automated processing. Therefore, developing efficient and automated methods for CAP detection holds significant clinical value.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This paper presents an intelligent CAP detection approach based on ultrasound imaging. By extracting texture and morphological features from the images, such as gray-level co-occurrence matrix, gray-level run length matrix, invariant moments, and fractal dimension, we construct a machine learning model using random forest (RF) and other algorithms to achieve accurate and efficient CAP detection. We evaluated the model's performance on a dataset of 2,786 ultrasound images acquired from various devices, employing five-fold cross-validation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The experimental results indicate that the proposed machine learning model achieves high CAP detection accuracy across multiple classification metrics. The optimal RF model demonstrated an accuracy of 80%, a precision of 82%, a recall of 89%, a specificity of 75%, and an F1 score of 85%. Furthermore, feature importance analysis allows us to identify the ultrasound image features most relevant to CAP detection, enhancing the interpretability of our model.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The machine learning model developed in this study effectively supports automated CAP detection and provides a reliable foundation for intelligent diagnosis using ultrasound imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"12 2","pages":"144-153"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13152243/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147867035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of radiological cerebral vasospasm after coil embolization for ruptured intracranial aneurysms: A noninferiority bicentric cohort study.","authors":"Olivier Vincent, Alexandre Parrin, Mariano Mascellino, Corentin Leroy, Nicolas Engrand, Jean-Francois Payen","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_17_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/bc.bc_17_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Whether radiological cerebral vasospasm (CVS) should be proactively treated following subarachnoid hemorrhage to reduce the development of delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) and brain infarction remains unclear. In this bicentric retrospective study, we sought to determine if a first-line intravenous therapy (IVT) to early detect and treat CVS could be noninferior on neurological outcomes to a first-line endovascular therapy (ET) requiring intra-arterial procedures for confirmed CVS as the reference approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two cohorts of unselected patients exposed to the risk of CVS were studied following coil embolization for ruptured intracranial aneurysms. In the IVT group, CVS was actively detected and treated using a continuous intravenous infusion of milrinone for at least 7 days. In the ET group, selective intra-arterial infusions of nimodipine and milrinone were performed to treat confirmed CVS, and repeated if necessary. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with a good functional neurological outcome at 12 months using the modified Rankin Scale 0-2, with a noninferiority margin of 15%.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The good outcome of patients exposed to the risk of CVS was noninferior between the IVT and ET strategies: 108/119 patients (91%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 84% to 95%) versus 77/97 patients (79%; 95% CI: 70% to 87%), respectively. The IVT strategy led to the diagnosis of CVS in more patients in a shorter delay, and a reduced proportion of patients with DCI and brain infarction. There was no difference in the drug-related side effects between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A proactive intravenous treatment with milrinone to treat CVS had noninferior functional outcome compared to endovascular treatment using the selective intra-arterial infusion of vasodilator drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"12 2","pages":"167-175"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13152240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147866966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of selective cerebral venous sinus cooling as a novel neuroprotective therapy following mechanical thrombectomy.","authors":"Zhenjian Ma, Yongbo Xu, Miaowen Jiang, Sifei Wang, Fanlei Meng, Wenjun Wu, Ming Li, Ming Wei","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_14_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/bc.bc_14_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"11 4","pages":"345-348"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12795484/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145964621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cerebral microcirculation disorders after recanalization in acute ischemic stroke: A narrative review.","authors":"Zhifeng Li, Hongmei Niu, Jiahao Chen, Weili Li","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_3_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/bc.bc_3_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute ischemic stroke, a leading cause of global disability and mortality, faces a critical challenge of cerebral microcirculation disorders despite successful vascular recanalization. This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on the epidemiology, clinical significance, pathogenesis, assessment methods, and therapeutic strategies for post-recanalization microcirculatory dysfunction. Key findings from the literature reveal that microcirculation impairment, driven by hemodynamic instability, neutrophil-platelet interactions, fibrin deposition, endothelial/pericyte dysfunction, blood-brain barrier disruption, and oxidative stress, significantly contributes to futile recanalization and poor prognosis. Advanced imaging modalities, such as dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and two-photon microscopy, have emerged as pivotal tools for real-time evaluation of microvascular perfusion and permeability. Pharmacological interventions, including antiplatelet agents, neuroprotective drugs (e.g., butylphthalide), and traditional Chinese medicine (e.g., Danshen Chuanxiongqin), alongside non-pharmacological approaches such as normobaric hyperoxia and hypothermia therapy, demonstrate potential in mitigating microcirculatory injury. Recent clinical trials highlight promising strategies, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and targeted thromboinflammatory therapies, whereas preclinical studies underscore the role of pericytes in regulating capillary flow and neurovascular coupling. However, challenges persist in translating these findings into clinical practice, necessitating standardized assessment protocols and personalized treatment regimens. This review underscores the imperative for multidisciplinary collaboration and innovative research to optimize cerebral microcirculation recovery and help improve the treatment efficacy of acute ischemic stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"12 3","pages":"199-214"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13524409/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148850107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of cerebral oxygen saturation on outcomes of patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms undergoing endovascular embolization: A prospective observational study.","authors":"Parthiban Giribabu, Sudhir Venkat, K R Madhusudan Reddy, Dhritiman Chakrabarti, H R Aravinda, Sangeetha R Palaniswamy","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_166_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/bc.bc_166_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Subarachnoid hemorrhage secondary to ruptured intracranial aneurysms compromise cerebral perfusion and oxygenation, threatening optimal cerebral function. This study explored the role of regional cerebral oxygenation monitoring in predicting outcomes in these patients.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Fifty-two patients aged 18-65 years and scheduled for coiling of ruptured anterior circulation aneurysms participated in this prospective observational study. Bilateral regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rScO₂) was recorded during critically important phases of endovascular embolization under general anesthesia. rScO₂ was continuously monitored and recorded at critical stages of the procedure. Vital parameters and rScO₂ were collected at baseline, preinduction, postintubation, 5 min postintubation, and continuously after that, till the end of the procedure. Intraprocedural events such as contrast injection, sequential coil deployment, milrinone injections, and complications such as thromboembolism, coil migration, and aneurysmal rupture were event-marked, and the vital parameters along with bilateral near-infrared spectroscopy values were noted before and after each of these events. Cerebral desaturation episode (CDE) was defined as a drop in rScO₂ by 20% from baseline. Postprocedure, patients were monitored with a 24-h Glasgow Coma Scale during their hospital stay and a Glasgow outcome at discharge scale (GODS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 52 recruited patients, 10 patients had CDEs. Increased frequency of CDEs correlated with the GODS score at discharge (<i>P</i> = 0.040), length of hospital stay (<i>P</i> < 0.001), duration of neurological deficit (<i>P</i> = 0.001), and vasospasm (<i>P</i> = 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The frequency of CDEs and the trend of decline in rScO₂ from the baseline are predictive of an endangered hypoxic brain prone to secondary brain injuries, which guides the institution of prompt corrective measures.<b>TRIAL REGISTRATION:</b> https://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials (identifier: CTRI/2021/09/036253).</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"12 2","pages":"124-132"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13152242/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147866904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the link trend in the field of coronaviruses and cognitive impairment: A bibliometric analysis based on bibliometrix.","authors":"Wangxinjun Cheng, Moyu Wang, Chufan Zhou, Moyi Li","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_107_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/bc.bc_107_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Coronaviruses (CoVs) significantly impact human health, targeting the respiratory and nervous systems and causing long-term complications such as cognitive impairment. While the cognitive effects of CoVs, including severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV, are well-documented, a comprehensive analysis of the evolving research landscape remains unexplored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a bibliometric analysis of CoV-related cognitive research from 1998 to 2025 using data from the Web of Science Core Collection. Bibliometrix software was employed to examine publication trends, geographical contributions, institutional output, author collaborations, and research hotspots.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 4,076 publications analyzed, a dramatic rise in research output was observed post-2020, correlating with the COVID-19 pandemic. The United States led in publication count (24.63%) and citations, followed by Italy and China. The University of Toronto is ranked as the most prolific institution. The most highly cited articles are from Alzheimer's and Dementia, The Lancet Infectious Diseases, and eClinicalMedicine. Cao Bing, Mazza, Mario Gennaro, and Wang Yi had the most influence on CoV impact on cognitive impairment. Keyword analysis revealed emerging research themes such as \"depression,\" \"anxiety,\" and \"health,\" reflecting the psychological and cognitive effects of the pandemic. Highly cited articles identified neuroinflammatory and neuroimmune pathways, emphasizing the role of viral invasion in cognitive dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic has driven a surge in studies linking CoV infections to cognitive impairment. This research highlights mechanisms such as blood-brain barrier disruption, neuronal damage, and altered cerebral glucose metabolism. Future studies should focus on standardized diagnostic criteria and therapeutic strategies to mitigate long-term cognitive sequelae.</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"11 4","pages":"322-332"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12795496/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145964949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}