Brain Circulation最新文献

{"title":"Recent advances in the prevention of secondary ischemic stroke: A narrative review.","authors":"Yue Qiao, Aminah I Fayyaz, Yuchuan Ding, Xunming Ji, Wenbo Zhao","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_159_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/bc.bc_159_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stroke remains a significant contributor to global morbidity and mortality, with acute ischemic stroke comprising the majority of cases. Secondary stroke, the recurrent stroke, is often more severe and linked to worse functional outcomes and increased mortality. The secondary prevention of ischemic stroke is crucial for reducing the risk of recurrent events. Significant advancements have been made in secondary prevention strategies in recent years. These include the refinement of antithrombotic regimens, the use of direct oral anticoagulants in managing atrial fibrillation, and the implementation of more aggressive targets for blood pressure, lipid management, and glucose management. Furthermore, emerging therapeutic approaches, such as remote ischemic conditioning and anti-inflammatory agents such as colchicine, have shown promise in reducing stroke recurrence through nontraditional mechanisms. This review summarizes the latest advancements in the secondary prevention of ischemic stroke over the past 5 years, highlighting the key clinical trials and novel interventions. The optimization of traditional risk factor management and the emergence of novel therapeutic methods have provided more options for clinical practice. Future research should focus on identifying the optimal treatment strategies for specific patient subgroups and the clinical translation and application of new therapeutic methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"10 4","pages":"283-295"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11850935/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The cellular distribution of P2X7, P2Y6, and P2Y12 during or after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus and literature review.","authors":"Yue Li, Fengru Tang, Yumin Luo","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_27_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/bc.bc_27_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>When a seizure occurs, the distribution of purine receptors in different cell types at various time points remains poorly understood. Our literature review revealed that P2X7, P2Y6, and P2Y12 are expressed in different cells during epilepsy pathogenesis. Therefore, we studied the protein expression patterns of the purinergic receptors P2X7, P2Y6, and P2Y12 in the normal mice hippocampus, as well as during or after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (DPISE or APISE).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Immunohistochemical staining and double-labeling immunofluorescence staining were used to study the cellular distribution of various purinergic receptors across several groups: control, 2-hour DPISE, 1-day APISE, 2-day APISE, 3-day APISE, and 1-week APISE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the normal mouse brain, P2X7, P2Y6, and P2Y12 were predominantly expressed in the neurons. Microglia and astrocytes were found to express these receptors at the onset of seizures. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that P2X7 and P2Y12 are expressed in microglia, whereas P2Y6 is mainly expressed in astrocytes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Different purinergic receptors are expressed in neurons, microglia, and astrocytes, mediate their interactions, and are involved in epileptogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"10 4","pages":"343-353"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11850937/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weight status influences the effect of hyperglycemia at admission on clinical outcomes after endovascular thrombectomy.","authors":"Tao Tang, Xu-Sheng Zhao, Zhong-Jun Chen, Tie-Ping Fan, Aline M Thomas, Man-Hong Zhao, Di Li, Shen Li","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_28_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/bc.bc_28_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Insulin resistance is more prevalent in the overweight population, which can affect their glucose metabolism. This study explores whether weight status influences the relationship between admission hyperglycemia and outcomes after thrombectomy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four hundred and fifty-two patients with acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke undergoing thrombectomy were retrospectively analyzed. Hyperglycemia at admission was described as venous blood glucose ≥7.8 mmol/L and overweight as body mass index ≥24 kg/m². The outcomes included the rates of functional independence (90-day modified Rankin Scale 0-2), symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage within 24 h after thrombectomy, and mortality at 90 days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, hyperglycemia at admission decreased the likelihood of functional independence (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.50, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.30-0.83, <i>P</i> = 0.008). Weight status modified the efficacy of admission hyperglycemia on functional independence (<i>P</i> = 0.022 for interaction). Hyperglycemia at admission was negatively associated with functional independence among overweight patients (adjusted OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.15-0.60, <i>P</i> = 0.001) but not among normal-weight patients (adjusted OR 1.13, 95% CI 0.48-2.70, <i>P</i> = 0.776). Weight status did not influence the efficacy of hyperglycemia at admission on mortality (<i>P</i> = 0.201 for interaction) or symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (<i>P</i> = 0.105 for interaction).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Weight status influenced the effect of hyperglycemia at admission on functional independence after thrombectomy. Hyperglycemia at admission was related to functional independence among overweight patients but not among normal-weight patients. Our findings suggest tight control of glucose may be needed for overweight patients in the thrombectomy setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"10 4","pages":"324-329"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11850930/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of atrial fibrillation in ischemic stroke and associated risk factors: A hospital-based study in Indonesia.","authors":"Theodore Amadeo Nathan, Raisa Wibowo, Radhitya Sasongkojati, Budhi Hartoko, Debora Theresia Butarbutar","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_36_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/bc.bc_36_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>The prevalence of ischemic stroke increases each year. One such important factor is the presence of atrial fibrillation (AF), but data regarding this are scarce in Indonesia.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to understand the prevalence of AF in ischemic stroke and its associated risk factors.</p><p><strong>Settings and design: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2021 to 2023 in Fatima Hospital, through medical records.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>Subjects were ischemic stroke patients aged ≥18 years. Additional data included demographic characteristics, congestive heart failure (CHF), hypertension, diabetes mellitus, stroke history, vascular disease, AF, dyslipidemia, Glasgow Coma Scale, and anticoagulant usage.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis used: </strong>Data were analyzed using Chi-square, Fisher, Student's <i>t</i>-test, Mann-Whitney, and logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 148 subjects, AF was detected in 16 (10.8%). Among these, 14 (87.5%) had a CHA2DS2-VASc score of ≥2 and were given anticoagulant therapy. A higher proportion of subjects aged over 75 years was observed in the AF group (31.2% vs. 3.8%; <i>P</i> < 0.001). A similar pattern was seen with CHF and dyslipidemia (CHF: 56.3% vs. 8.3%; <i>P</i> < 0.000; dyslipidemia: 93.7% vs. 58.3%; <i>P</i> < 0.005). CHF and dyslipidemia increased the risk of AF by 27-fold (<i>P</i> = 0.001, odds ratio [OR]: 27.400) and 21-fold (<i>P</i> = 0.013, OR: 21.812), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings underscore the importance of vigilant screening for AF in ischemic stroke, particularly in patients with CHF and dyslipidemia, to guide appropriate anticoagulation therapy and reduce the risk of recurrent stroke. This study was limited by its single-center design and small sample size. A larger, multicenter study is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"10 4","pages":"316-323"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11850931/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects and mechanisms of long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist semaglutide on microglia phenotypic transformation and neuroinflammation after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in rats.","authors":"Rulin Mi, Huifeng Cheng, Rui Chen, Bo Bai, An Li, Fankai Gao, Guofang Xue","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_38_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/bc.bc_38_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The optimal method for addressing cerebral ischemic stroke involves promptly restoring blood supply. However, cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) is an unavoidable consequence of this event. Neuroinflammation is deemed the primary mechanism of CIRI, with various activation phenotypes of microglia playing a pivotal role. Research has demonstrated that long-lasting agonists of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor can suppress neuroinflammation and microglial activation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) rat model was established to investigate the effects of semaglutide. Neurological impairments were evaluated utilizing modified neurological severity score on days 1, 3, and 7 postinterventions. Brains were stained with 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium Chloride to determine infarct volume. To assess the expression of various microglia activation phenotypes and neuroinflammatory biomarkers, we utilized immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study demonstrated that semaglutide in the tMCAO model could decrease neurological deficit scores and reduce the size of cerebral infarcts. In addition, we observed low levels of cluster of differentiation 68 (CD68, an indicator of M1 microglial activation) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (a pro-inflammatory mediator). Moreover, the results indicated a rise in the levels of CD206 (an indicator of M2 activation) and transforming growth factor beta (an anti-inflammatory mediator), while simultaneously reducing P65 levels in the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling cascade.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the CIRI model, semaglutide exhibits notable neuroprotective effects on rats, reducing neuroinflammation through the regulation of microglia phenotype transformation and inhibition of NF-κB activation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"10 4","pages":"354-365"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11850941/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurovascular management of intracranial internal carotid artery dissection post-carotid endarterectomy: A case report of an innovative approach.","authors":"Bibhas Amatya, Ameet V Chitale, Dipankar Mukherjee","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_59_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/bc.bc_59_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is an established method of stroke prevention in patients with severe carotid artery stenosis, especially in those with symptomatic disease. Complications of CEA include perioperative stroke, cranial nerve palsy, hemorrhage, and vascular dissection. We present an unusual case of a 66-year-old man who presented for elective right CEA for symptomatic 70% right internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis due to ulcerated plaque. Following surgery, the patient developed fluctuating neurological deficits consistent with involvement of the right middle cerebral artery territory. Imaging revealed possible mild clamp-induced ICA dissection limited to the ICA in the neck. Despite initial successful anticoagulation management in the neurointensive care unit, the patient returned 2 days later with stroke symptoms, necessitating urgent endovascular intervention. Neurovascular interventions involved aspiration thrombectomy and multiple stenting extending distally into intracranial ICA, which successfully restored cerebral arterial perfusion and normal neurological function. This case highlights the first reported instance of extensive intracranial ICA dissection managed with full-length stenting. This article offers an effective endovascular procedure for preventing a devastating stroke from a complication of a procedure that was performed to prevent it.</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"10 4","pages":"366-371"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11850933/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of baseline plasma fibrinogen levels with cognitive and affective status at 30 and 90 days in individuals with ischemic stroke: A prospective study from Nigeria.","authors":"Adekola B Ademoyegun, Taofeek O Awotidebe, Marufat O Odetunde, Samuel O Inaolaji, Serifat O Bakare, Funmilola W Azeez, Olanrewaju Olayemi","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_52_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/bc.bc_52_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The influence of fibrinogen as a risk factor in developing poststroke neuropsychological and cognitive problems is underreported. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between baseline fibrinogen levels and depression, anxiety, and cognition 30- and 90-day after stroke.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective study involved 48 patients with first-ever mild-to-moderate ischemic stroke, whose plasma fibrinogen levels were assessed within 24 h of stroke onset. Clinical depression, anxiety, and cognitive impairment were evaluated by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Montreal Cognitive Assessment at 30- and 90-day after stroke.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjusting for important covariates, the multiple linear regression models showed that baseline plasma fibrinogen was associated with the symptoms of depression, anxiety, and cognitive decline at both 30- and 90-day follow-up (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that baseline fibrinogen threshold > 409.0 mg/dl (82.4% sensitivity and 71.0% specificity), >405.0 mg/dl (80.0% sensitivity and 71.4% specificity), and > 400.0 mg/dl (80.6% sensitivity and 76.5% specificity) could respectively predict the presence of depression, anxiety, and cognitive impairment 90 days after stroke.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>High levels of baseline plasma fibrinogen are associated with the onset and severity of symptoms of depression, anxiety, and cognitive decline at 30 and 90 days after stroke. This study shows that fibrinogen may be a viable target for monitoring and intervention in the management of poststroke neuropsychological and cognitive disorders. Future clinical trials are needed to clarify whether defibrinogenation will prevent or reduce the rate and severity of symptoms of depression, anxiety, and cognitive decline among patients with ischemic stroke.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Pan African Clinical Trial Registry (registration number: PACTR202406755848901).</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"10 4","pages":"308-315"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11850936/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The application of optogenetics in traumatic brain injury research: A narrative review.","authors":"Cheng-Hao Lin, Bei-Yao Gao, Rui-Dong Ge, Rui Cui, Wen Han, Shan Jiang","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_33_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_33_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Optogenetics has revolutionized the landscape of research on neurological disorders by enabling high spatial specificity and millisecond-level temporal precision in neuroscience studies. In the field of traumatic brain injury (TBI), optogenetic techniques have greatly advanced our understanding of the pathological and physiological processes involved, providing valuable guidance for both monitoring and therapeutic interventions. This article offers a review of the latest research applications of optogenetics in the study of TBI.</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"10 3","pages":"220-228"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542761/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142615256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Action observation therapy impact on mirror neurons combined with acupuncture for upper limb motor impairment rehabilitation in stroke patients.","authors":"Dilinuer Maimaitiaili, Jue Shi, Chunlei Shan, Li Jin, Yiwen Gu, Yuanli Li, Jin Shu","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_13_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_13_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Upper limb (UL) dysfunction rehabilitation in stroke patients is complicated in the clinic. Action observation therapy's (AOT) impact on mirror neurons (MNs) has been observed and made applications in related brain disease treatment. Acupuncture mentioned in the present study mainly stimulates peripheral nerves for neuronal plasticity. However, the clinical effect of AOT impact on MNs and acupuncture irritate afferent nerve fibers in combination for UL motor impairment rehabilitation after stroke is still unclear. In the present study, we investigate the central and peripheral neural stimulation meanwhile for UL recovery with stroke patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this clinical study, 82 stroke patients recruited with impaired UL were randomly assigned to three groups. Twenty-four cases were in the AOT group, 28 cases were in the AOT combined acupuncture treatment group, and 30 cases were in the acupuncture treatment group. All volunteers were scored for limb function through the Fugl-Meyer Assessment of the Upper Extremity (FMA-UE), the Action Research Arm Test, and the modified Barthel Index (BI) before and after a systematic treatment according to the groups. Meanwhile, conventional physical therapy was also implemented for all cases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Before the specific intervention, the scores of FMA-UE, FMA-UE, and BI with all stroke patients have no significant statistical difference (<i>P</i> > 0.05). After the corresponding treatment, we assessed UL function again at 4 and 8 weeks. At 4 weeks, the patients with AOT showed a significant increase in BI scores compared to the acupuncture group (<i>P</i> < 0.05). At 8 weeks, the FMA-UE scores of the patients with AOT combined with acupuncture were significantly increased than acupuncture alone (<i>P</i> < 0.05). We also observed that the BI scores of the combination and the AOT group both were improved compared to the acupuncture group with significant statistical analysis (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on the MNs theory, we adopted AOT impact on MNs which would be a promising rehabilitation technique, especially combined with acupuncture treatment in UL recovery of stroke. Mirror therapy seems to be effective for central neuronal plasticity, but for action or AOT, there is still insufficient evidence to recommend its optimal strategy and neuromodulation mechanism. Here, research on the MNs-based AOT technique with acupuncture in UL dysfunction with stroke patients is recommended.<b>TRIAL REGISTRATION:</b> http://www.chictr.org.cn (identifier: ChiCTR2300077010).</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"10 3","pages":"265-272"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542755/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142615241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas with pial arterial supply: A narrative review.","authors":"Xin Su, Yongjie Ma, Zihao Song, Peng Zhang, Hongqi Zhang","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_12_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_12_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intracranial dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) is a relatively complex intracranial condition, and its clinical presentation and treatment strategies often vary significantly due to various factors. Although the cure rate of intracranial DAVF is currently high, there is still a lack of understanding of its etiology and pathogenesis. There is ongoing controversy regarding the treatment strategies for DAVF associated with the pial arteries, and there is a lack of understanding of its pathogenesis. The author conducted a brief literature review on DAVF with pial arterial supply and presented some treatment experiences from their own medical center. Large-scale retrospective cohort studies and prospective research in future are expected to address these issues.</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"10 3","pages":"205-212"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542758/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142615244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}