Brain Circulation最新文献

{"title":"Causal relationship between hypertension and ischemic stroke: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Wenhao Zhang, Yuhua Li, Mengying Pang, Xuejing Yue","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_105_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_105_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ischemic stroke (IS) is a well-recognized risk factor for human health and has become a major cause of the global burden of disease over the past decades. Determining the correlation between hypertension and IS is important for the prevention of IS. In epidemiologic studies, researches have reported a strong association between hypertension and IS. However, there is a great deal of heterogeneity between these findings, and the strength of the two associations shows very different results in international studies. Here, we used genetic data to methodically assess the association between hypertension and the risk of IS using a Mendelian randomization (MR) framework. This study may provide a more comprehensive theoretical basis for the link between hypertension and IS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We studied three hypertension traits including essential hypertension, gestational hypertension, and preexisting hypertension, in a two-sample MR method. Genetic susceptibility to each type of hypertension was explored for the association with the risk of small-vessel IS in data from the IEU-POENGWAS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed a strong association between essential hypertension with small-vessel IS. Our evidence from data-driven analyses further suggests that genetic susceptibility to gestational hypertension and preexisting hypertension are associated with the development of small-vessel IS. However, in multivariate analyses, these associations would be explained by congenital hypertension.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Through our study, we further validated that hypertension is an individual risk factor for IS, with the risk of small-vessel IS increasing approximately 6-fold for every one standard deviation increase in essential hypertension.</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"10 3","pages":"257-264"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142615242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profiling of microglial-originated microvesicles to unearthing their lurking potential as potent foreseeable biomarkers for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review.","authors":"Sri Harsha Kanuri, Prapthi Jayesh Sirrkay","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_113_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_113_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alzheimer's Disease is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by accumulation of phosphorylated tau and amyloid deposits within the brain tissues in the elderly population. Numerous studies established that amassment of these toxic accretions within the brain tissues initiates neuronal demise and synaptic impairment which becomes the underlying basis for memory loss and cognitive abnormalities in these patients.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>Hypoxia, oxidative stress, and inflammation are commonly encountered perils in the neuronal milieu that derail the neuron-synapse interactions and maneuver them to undergo apoptosis. A spinoff from neuronal desecration is microglial activation which forms a cardinal role in mounting innate immune defenses for warding off and reversing off toxic stimulus encountered.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A potential ramification of microglial activation in this context is assembly, processing and exuding of micro-vesicles into the extracellular space. These micro-vesicles will be packaged with amyloid and tau deposits which accumulate intracellularly within microglial cells secondary to their professional scavenging function. These microglial MVs are prone to seed tau and amyloid beta into the surrounding neuron-synapse framework, thus are implicated in spreading the disease pathology in AD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Therefore, these MVs can be considered as an omen for disease initiation, progression, monitoring as well gauging the treatment response in the clinical AD cohorts. We speculate future research studies to unmask the dormant potential of these microglial MVs as reliable markers for diagnosis, evaluating the disease progression as well as treatment in AD. This will open the door for early diagnosis of AD so as to prioritize management and optimize clinical outcomes..</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"10 3","pages":"193-204"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542763/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142615251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intravenous thrombolysis plus tirofiban versus tirofiban alone in Caucasian patients with acute anterior choroidal or paramedian pontine infarction.","authors":"Moussa Toudou-Daouda, Roger-Venant Yatwa-Zaniwe, Nana-Rahamatou Aminou-Tassiou, Mohamed Baby, Djibril Soumah, Tony Altarcha, Manvel Aghasaryan, Olga Laine, Nicolas Chausson, Didier Smadja","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_15_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_15_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tirofiban has been shown to be superior to aspirin in achieving functional independence at 3 months for acute ischemic stroke of atheromatous or microatheromatous origin. As intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) has previously been shown to be nonsuperior to aspirin in achieving functional independence at 3 months for anterior choroidal or paramedian pontine infarction (ACI/PPI), we aimed to compare the outcomes of Caucasian patients receiving IVT plus tirofiban (IVT + T) with those receiving tirofiban alone for acute ACI/PPI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted in patients aged ≥ 18 years with ACI/PPI treated in our stroke unit between December 1, 2020, and April 30, 2023, who received therapeutic intervention within 9 hours of symptom onset or after awakening with stroke symptoms. Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) ≤ 1 at 3 months was the primary endpoint. Secondary endpoints were National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) ≤ 2 at day 7 or discharge and post-procedural neurological deterioration (PPND) within 72 hours. Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (SICH) and major systemic bleeding (MSB) were the safety measures of the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 24 patients were enrolled in the tirofiban group and 43 patients in the IVT + T group. Compared to tirofiban alone, IVT + T was associated with a higher probability of achieving mRS ≤1 at 3 months (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 8.79; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.06-37.52; <i>P</i> = 0.003) and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale ≤2 at day 7 or discharge (aOR, 3.70; 95% CI, 1.05-12.99; <i>P</i> = 0.041). No significant difference was seen between the two groups in preventing postprocedural neurological deterioration. One case of SICH and two cases of MSB occurred in the IVT + T group and no cases in the tirofiban group. One case of inhospital mortality was recorded in the IVT + T group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results showed that IVT + T may be safe and effective in Caucasian patients with acute ACI/PPI.</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"10 3","pages":"250-256"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542752/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142615245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of neuroprotective effects of H₂ by CiteSpace-based bibliometric analysis.","authors":"Yan Feng, Chuanjie Wu, Baoying Song, Yang Zhang, Miaowen Jiang, Zhengfei Qi, Le Chen, Anzhi Li, Hanming Ye, Biluo Liu, Yu Feng, Xunming Ji, Zhengfei Ma, Ming Li","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_111_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_111_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Neuroprotection plays an important role in the treatment of brain disorders. In recent years, studies using rat models and clinical trials have demonstrated the positive effects of hydrogen treatment on neurological disorders and brain injuries. Hence, it is of great significance to shed light on this issue. In this article, CiteSpace is employed for visualization and bibliometric analysis of the research frontiers and evolving trends related to the neuroprotective effect of hydrogen.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All articles published from 2009 to 2023 that discussed the neuroprotective effects of hydrogen in cerebrovascular diseases were retrieved from the Web of Science. Using CiteSpace, a visualization analysis was conducted on aspects such as countries, institutions, authors, keywords, and Co cited references, which enables an intuitive observation of current research hotspots.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After manual screening, a total of 106 articles were retrieved. Over time, The number of publications has increased annually. Regarding national contributions, the top three countries with the highest number of publications include China, the United States, and Japan. The Second Military Medical University is the institution that publishes the most articles and has significant influence in the field of hydrogen neuroprotection. Sun, Xuejun and Domoki, Ferenc were the most productive. The most common keywords include hydrogen, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Potential areas of focus for future research consist of early brain injury, hydrogen, ischemia-reperfusion injury and hypothermia treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The bibliometric study presented herein offers insights into the current status and trends of research on hydrogen in the field of cerebrovascular diseases. Future research trends suggest that hydrogen contributes significantly to the cerebrovascular domain through its anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and anti-apoptotic mechanisms. This study can aid researchers in identifying hot topics and exploring new research directions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"10 3","pages":"229-239"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542759/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142615246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solitary plasmacytoma: An unusual dural-based lesion - A case report.","authors":"Alejandra A Arévalo-Sáenz, Fernando J Rascón-Ramírez, Borja Pujante Ferrández, Manuel Pedrosa Sánchez","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_101_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_101_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Solitary intradural plasmacytomas are extremely rare. We present a case of a patient with headache and diagnosis of meningiomatosis. Onset symptoms were abrupt neurological deterioration and paraparesis. The patient underwent surgery by craniotomy and tumor resection, with final pathological findings of solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma without evidence of multiple myeloma. Of note is the great similarity of this infrequent pathology with meningiomas and the need to differentiate it from the dural involvement of multiple myeloma. Treatment always includes tumor resection surgery and postoperative radiotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"10 3","pages":"277-280"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542757/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142615253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and radiographic characteristics of traumatic brain injury patients undergoing endovascular rescue for posttraumatic vasospasm.","authors":"Kasra Khatibi, Lucido Luciano Ponce Mejia, Hamidreza Saber, Naoki Kaneko, Satoshi Tateshima, May Nour, Geoffrey Philip Colby, Reza Jahan, Manual Buitrago-Blanco, Paul Vespa, Gary Duckwiler, Viktor Szeder","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_117_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_117_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cerebral vasospasm is a serious sequela of traumatic brain injury (TBI) which leads to further neurologic injury subsequent to the initial trauma. The natural history and associated risk factors are not well understood. The objective of this study is to evaluate the clinical and radiographic characteristics of patients with TBI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a descriptive case series of all patients with TBI who underwent cerebral angiogram for evaluation and rescue therapy for posttraumatic arterial vasospasm (PTV) between October 2017 and November 2019. The association of clinical and radiographic characteristics with cumulative severity of angiographic vasospasm was evaluated. The clinical characteristics comprised of age, sex, Glascow Coma Scale (GCS) and need for surgery. The radiographic characteristics were presence of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), location of SAH, presence of contusion, presence of subdural hemorrhage (SDH), and presence of pseudoaneurysm.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-two patients with PTV were identified requiring 69 cerebral angiograms (mean: 3.2; range: 1-9 angiograms per patient) during this period. The average age upon presentation was 40 years old, 81% of the patients were male sex, and the average GCS was 6.8. 67% of the patients underwent craniotomy or craniectomy. All patients had SAH, although only 60% had cisternal SAH. Parenchymal contusion was noted on 90% as well as SDH in 90%. The PTV was noted between 3 and 19 days after trauma. There was more vasospasm involving proximal arteries and higher severity of vasospasm in patients with cisternal SAH. Otherwise, there was no strong association between the clinical or radiographic characteristics and cumulative severity noted on the angiograms for each patient.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Posttraumatic vasospasm can be detected as early as posttrauma day 3-19 in patients with TBI and SAH. The absence of cisternal SAH does not rule out the occurrence of the vasospasm during the course of treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"10 3","pages":"273-276"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542754/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142615243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing a mouse model of exertional heat stroke to simulate multiorgan and brain injuries.","authors":"Yuliang Peng, Zongping Fang, Jing Li, Qi Jia, Hongwei Ma, Ling Li, You Wu, Xijing Zhang","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_119_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_119_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Exertional heat stroke (EHS) is a clinical entity characterized by abnormalities of the central nervous system (CNS) and is associated with multiple organ injury, some of which may be irreversible. It is valuable to establish an optimized model of EHS that is able to induce and assess damage to the CNS and multiple organs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We induced EHS by using an environmental chamber with adjustable temperature and humidity and a mice forced running wheel. The endpoint for the EHS was defined as either exhaustion or a core temperature of 42.5°C being reached. Injury to the liver, kidney, and CNS of mice in the EHS group was revealed through pathological studies using hematoxylin and eosin staining of harvested organs at different time points and detection of biomarkers. The depressive-like behavior of EHS mice was assessed through open field tests, forced swimming tests, and tail suspension tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The favorable environmental conditions for induction of EHS based on this presented model are 38°C, 70% RH. The EHS mice developed thermoregulatory dysfunction and experienced a significantly higher weight loss ratio compared to the SHE (sham heat exercise) group. The liver, kidney, and brain tissues of EHS mice were significantly damaged, and the pathological damage scores for each organ were significantly higher than those of the SHE group. In the open field test (OFT), compared to the SHE group, there was a significant reduction in the number and time of EHS mice entering the center of the open field. Additionally, there was a significant increase in immobile time during forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study presents an improved animal model that has the potential to assess for neurological and multiple organ injury caused by EHS and simultaneously, while accurately reflecting the clinical characteristics observed in EHS patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"10 3","pages":"240-249"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542760/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142615248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ischemic strokes due to pulmonary arteriovenous malformations: A systematic review.","authors":"Srinath Ramaswamy, Izabela Marczak, Yohannes Mulatu, Mohamed Eldokmak, Alon Bezalel, Ariana Otto, Steven R Levine","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_23_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_23_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) can cause acute ischemic strokes (AISs) through paradoxical embolism. The clinical and imaging features of AIS due to PAVMs have not been studied. We report a case and perform a systematic review of the clinical and imaging characteristics of patients with AIS due to PAVMs. This may provide clues to screen patients with AIS for PAVMs and treat them appropriately to prevent further strokes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases were searched from inception to October 2023. We included patients of any age with AIS attributed to PAVM. Studies without clinical data were excluded. Demographics, AIS characteristics (location and arterial territories), and PAVM characteristics (location, size, and treatment) were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A 47-year-old female presented with acute vertigo and gait imbalance. Magnetic resonance imaging showed AIS in the right cerebellum. CT chest confirmed a PAVM in the right lower lobe. Endovascular coil closure was performed. We identified 102 patients from 96 records. The mean age was 47.4 ± 17 years (67% female). Seventy percent had single AIS and 30% had multiple. The location was anterior circulation in 50%, posterior in 37%, and both in 13%. The most common arterial territory was middle-cerebral (51%), followed by posterior-cerebral (25%). PAVMs were mostly single (78%) and in the lower lobes (66%). Thirty-three had hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) (33%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PAVM-related strokes occur at a young age and may have a high propensity for multifocality and posterior circulation location. Patients with PAVMs and AIS should be screened for HHT and venous thromboses.</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"10 3","pages":"213-219"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542753/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142615247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and efficacy of tirofiban in preventing neurological deterioration in acute ischemic stroke (TREND): Protocol for an investigator-initiated, multicenter, prospective, randomized, open-label, masked endpoint trial.","authors":"Jing Wang, Sijie Li, Chuanhui Li, Chuanjie Wu, Haiqing Song, Qingfeng Ma, Xunming Ji, Wenbo Zhao","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_93_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/bc.bc_93_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Antithrombotic therapy prevents adverse ischemic events following acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Intravenous tirofiban provides desirable antiplatelet effects, especially in patients who are vulnerable to neurological deterioration (ND).</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that intravenous administration of tirofiban, initiated within 24 h of ictus and continued for consecutive 72 h, would be more effective than aspirin in reducing the risk of ND within 72 h of enrollment among patients with potentially atherothrombotic ischemic stroke.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Safety and Efficacy of Tirofiban in Preventing Neurological Deterioration in Acute Ischemic Stroke (TREND) trial is an investigator-initiated, multicenter, prospective, randomized, open-label, masked endpoint study. Its eligibility criteria included AIS secondary to potential atherosclerosis, a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score ranging from 4 to 20 points, ineligibility for recanalization therapy, and administration within 24 h postsymptom onset. Randomization was performed at a 1:1 ratio to allocate 420 patients into two groups to receive an intravenous tirofiban bridge to oral antiplatelet drugs or direct oral antiplatelet drugs.</p><p><strong>Outcomes: </strong>The primary outcome is the proportion of patients with a ≥4-point increase in NIHSS score within 72 h of intervention compared to the score at enrollment. The key secondary outcomes include changes in NIHSS score, modified Rankin scale (mRS) score at 90 days, and dichotomized mRS scores (0-2 vs. 3-6 and 0-1 vs. 2-6) at 90 days. The safety variables are symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage, any intracerebral hemorrhage, and systemic hemorrhage within 72 h after randomization and 90-day mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The TREND trial may identify the suitability of intravenous tirofiban as a routine clinical strategy to prevent ND in patients with AIS within 24 h of the onset of symptoms.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>http://www.clinicaltrials.gov (identifier: NCT04491695).</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"10 2","pages":"168-173"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11259324/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141733564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing the research deficiencies in selective brain cooling methods in prehospital care for stroke patients.","authors":"Komal Rehman, Myra Sohail, Muskaan Saleem, Ahmad Akhtar","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_90_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/bc.bc_90_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"10 2","pages":"188-189"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11259328/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141733556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}