{"title":"Optimal rehabilitation strategies for early postacute stroke recovery: An ongoing inquiry","authors":"Yanna Tong, Yuchuan Ding, Zhenzhen Han, Honglian Duan, Xiaokun Geng","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_33_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_33_23","url":null,"abstract":"Early rehabilitation is crucial in reducing stroke-related disability, but the optimal training model remains unclear. We conducted a trial comparing different initiation timings and intensities of mobilization strategies after stroke. Results showed that early intensive mobilization had favorable outcomes at 3 months post-stroke, while very early intensive mobilization had poorer chances of favorable outcomes. Our investigation into brain injury mechanisms induced by very early exercise within 24 hours of stroke onset aligned with guidelines advising against high-dose very early mobilization. Additionally, we are studying the effects of various exercise intensities and frequencies on early stroke rehabilitation. Integrated rehabilitation models, such as combining remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) with exercise (RICE), hold promise. Our study found RICE to be safe and feasible for early rehabilitation of acute ischemic stroke patients, and further research is underway to determine its efficacy in a larger sample size. Despite extensive research, identifying the most effective early recovery strategies remains a complex challenge, necessitating ongoing work in the field of early rehabilitation after stroke.","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"7 1","pages":"201 - 204"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139326534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aini He, K. Dong, Wenbo Zhao, Benke Zhao, Wei Sun, Xiao Wu, Xia Lu, Yanfei Chen, Haiqing Song
{"title":"Recurrent ischemic stroke from reversible extracranial internal carotid artery and middle cerebral artery vasospasm: A case report","authors":"Aini He, K. Dong, Wenbo Zhao, Benke Zhao, Wei Sun, Xiao Wu, Xia Lu, Yanfei Chen, Haiqing Song","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_47_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_47_23","url":null,"abstract":"Idiopathic internal carotid artery (ICA) vasospasm is a rare cause of ischemic stroke. Its pathophysiology remains unclear and diagnostic and treatment protocols are yet to be defined. A 45-year-old male, presenting with recurrent transient dizziness, blurred vision, and speech disturbances, was diagnosed with recurrent ischemic stroke caused by bilateral ICA and middle cerebral artery (MCA) vasospasm, and the vascular ultrasound and imaging techniques have grabbed the reversible changes in a short time. This case underscores the importance of considering idiopathic ICA vasospasm as a potential cause of recurrent ischemic stroke, even in the absence of common diagnostic markers. The case also indicates the possible, albeit rare, involvement of the MCA in this condition. Therefore, it is crucial to maintain a high index of suspicion for idiopathic ICA vasospasm in similar clinical presentations and to explore more inclusive diagnostic criteria.","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"33 1","pages":"258 - 261"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139326287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rule out alternative causes before attributing polyradiculitis to influenza or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccination","authors":"J. Finsterer","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_14_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_14_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"25 1","pages":"262 - 263"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139330853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The microbiome and neurosurgery","authors":"James Kelbert, Thomas C. Varkey","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_59_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_59_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"24 1","pages":"264 - 265"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139329794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michele Alessiani, Adriano Bonura, Gianmarco Iaccarino, Marilena Mangiardi, Francesca Romana Pezzella, Maria Cristina Bravi, Domenica Crupi, Michele Galluzzo, Sabrina Anticoli
{"title":"Recurrent paraneoplastic cerebral hemorrhage in lung cancer: A case report.","authors":"Michele Alessiani, Adriano Bonura, Gianmarco Iaccarino, Marilena Mangiardi, Francesca Romana Pezzella, Maria Cristina Bravi, Domenica Crupi, Michele Galluzzo, Sabrina Anticoli","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_78_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_78_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cerebral hemorrhage management in a patient requiring anticoagulant therapy is a therapeutic challenge also due to the absence of guidelines that convincingly define the best therapeutic strategy. Although the occurrence of cerebral hemorrhage in a patient with anticoagulant therapy seems to make the bleeding etiology obvious, sometimes, it is better to reflect on other possible causes and set up an adequate diagnostic workup. Herein, we describe a case of a 73-year-old male patient with atrial fibrillation, mechanical heart valve, and pacemaker that experienced an ischemic minor stroke during steady anticoagulation therapy with recurrent intracerebral haemorrhages (ICHs).</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"9 2","pages":"99-102"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/07/66/BC-9-99.PMC10419736.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9989971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matthew Gusler, Seyed-Mostafa Razavi, Aaron Grossman, Charles Prestigiacomo, Ashkan Mowla, Peyman Shirani
{"title":"Basilar artery recanalization by proximal balloon occlusion and aspiration in a single vessel vertebrobasilar system: A case report.","authors":"Matthew Gusler, Seyed-Mostafa Razavi, Aaron Grossman, Charles Prestigiacomo, Ashkan Mowla, Peyman Shirani","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_79_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_79_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The authors present a case of a patient with a hypoplastic right vertebral artery (VA) ending in the posterior inferior cerebellar artery who sustained an acute onset basilar artery occlusion. A balloon-guided catheter was used to proximally occlude the dominant left VA, and aspiration was applied until reversal of flow was achieved in the basilar artery. Thus, basilar artery reperfusion was achieved without the need for stent-retrieval thrombectomy. We believe this represents the first described case of successful thrombectomy in the vertebrobasilar system using only proximal artery occlusion and aspiration. This novel technique may decrease the time to recanalization and improve outcomes for patients with acute basilar artery occlusion in the setting of a hypoplastic contralateral VA.</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"9 2","pages":"103-106"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/91/20/BC-9-103.PMC10419728.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9996321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Transradial access for neurointerventional procedures: A practical approach.","authors":"Mohammad Hossein Mirbolouk, Feizollah Ebrahimnia, Reza Gorji, Payam Sasannejad, Samira Zabihyan, Mohammad Adeeb Hoveizavi, Yousefali Garivani, Zahra Mirzaasgari, Saeed Abdollahifard, Ashkan Mowla, Humain Baharvahdat","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_101_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_101_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Transradial approach (TRA) is a new technique proposed for performing cerebral angiography and neuro-interventional procedures. In this article, we sought to provide a step-by-step guide for carrying out a diagnostic cerebral angiography using this approach and summarize our center's experience.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Records of patients since January 2020 were investigated, and data on demographic indices, reports of the procedures, outcomes, and complications were extracted. Then, these data were used to develop a step-by-step instruction for TRA cerebral angiography.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two hundred eighty-nine patients matched our eligibility criteria with a mean age of 50 years and a female-to-male ratio of 1.18. Overall, TRA was carried out successfully for 97.2% (281 patients). In case TRA failed, transfemoral approach was considered for the procedure. Three minor complications (two vasospasm and one small hematoma) and two major complications (one pseudoaneurysm of the radial artery and one radial artery avulsion) were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This article covers challenges a neurointerventionalist may face during a diagnostic cerebral angiography using TRA. Furthermore, our findings indicated that cerebral angiography with TRA might be performed safely and with a great success rate.</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"9 2","pages":"88-93"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/81/2a/BC-9-88.PMC10419729.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9996326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Caroline A Heckman, Derryl J Miller, Kelly M Kremer, Mesha L Martinez, Andrew H Jea
{"title":"An ischemic myelopathy case series: Flaccid paraplegia following a spike ball save and numbness while walking normally.","authors":"Caroline A Heckman, Derryl J Miller, Kelly M Kremer, Mesha L Martinez, Andrew H Jea","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_80_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_80_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spinal cord infarctions in children are rare and early magnetic resonance imaging studies are often negative. A high clinical suspicion must be maintained to identify stroke and initiate workup for underlying etiology to suggest appropriate treatment. We present two cases of spinal cord infarction without major preceding trauma. The first was caused by disc herniation and external impingement of a radiculomedullary artery and the second was due to fibrocartilaginous embolism with classic imaging findings of ventral and dorsal cord infarctions, respectively. These cases were treated conservatively with diagnostic workup and aspirin, though additional treatments which can be considered with prompt diagnosis are also explored in our discussion. Both cases recovered the ability to ambulate independently within months. Case 1 is attending college and ambulates campus with a single-point cane. Case 2 ambulates independently, though has some difficulty with proprioception of the feet so uses wheelchairs for long-distance ambulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"9 2","pages":"107-111"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a6/93/BC-9-107.PMC10419739.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9996327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modifying skin flaps for achieving very large decompressive craniectomies in malignant middle cerebral artery territory infarcts: A technical note.","authors":"Shamshuddin Patel, Rajesh Bhosle, Nabanita Ghosh, Sayan Das, Prasad Krishnan","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_98_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_98_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Decompressive craniectomy is a well described treatment to salvage life in large middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory infarcts. The size of the craniectomy is limited by the size of the skin incision and very large craniectomies need large skin flaps that are prone to necrosis at the wound margins.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We describe two modifications in the skin flap that we have used in 7 patients to achieve very large bony decompressions in malignant MCA infarctions without compromising on flap vascularity. One consists of a linear extension posteriorly from the question mark or reverse question mark incision while the other is an \"n\" shaped incision.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>With these modifications we achieved craniectomies of size 15.6-17.8 cm in the anteroposterior and 10.7-12 cm in vertical axis of the bone flap removed in our patients. There were no additional procedural or wound related complications in a 6-month follow up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Removal of a standard size bone flap may achieve suboptimal decompression in cases of large MCA territory infarctions. Imaginative tailoring of skin flaps helps to remove larger volumes of skull with no added procedural morbidity.</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"9 2","pages":"116-120"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/01/a3/BC-9-116.PMC10419731.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10001558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke: From alteplase to tenecteplase.","authors":"Nan Yang, Hangil Lee, Chuanjie Wu","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_70_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_70_22","url":null,"abstract":"Stroke is one of the primary causes of morbidity and death worldwide. While intravenous (IV) thrombolysis with alteplase has been widely proven to be beneficial for acute ischemic stroke patients, it still has many limitations. Tenecteplase, a revised version of alteplase, is a potential alternative IV thrombolytic agent that has benefits over alteplase. The aim of this mini-review is to summarize the advancements in IV thrombolysis for severe ischemic stroke, specifically the development and transition from alteplase to tenecteplase.","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"9 2","pages":"61-63"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/22/62/BC-9-61.PMC10419734.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9996324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}