Brain Circulation最新文献

{"title":"Computed tomography perfusion stroke mimics on RAPID commercial software: A case-based review.","authors":"Amara Ahmed,&nbsp;Omar Hamam,&nbsp;Sanaz Ghaderi Niri,&nbsp;Georg Oeltzchner,&nbsp;Tushar Garg,&nbsp;Omar Elmandouh,&nbsp;Jarunee Intrapiromkul,&nbsp;Vivek Yedavalli","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_100_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_100_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a leading cause of morbidity worldwide and can present with nonspecific symptoms, making diagnosis difficult. Many neurologic diseases present similarly to stroke; stroke mimics account for up to half of all hospital admissions for stroke. Stroke therapies carry risk, so accurate diagnosis of AIS is crucial for prompt treatment and prevention of adverse outcomes for patients with stroke mimics. Computed tomography (CT) perfusion techniques have been used to distinguish between nonviable tissue and penumbra. RAPID is an operator-independent, automated CT perfusion imaging software that can aid clinicians in diagnosing strokes quickly and accurately. In this case-based review, we demonstrate the applications of RAPID in differentiating between strokes and stroke mimics.</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"9 2","pages":"68-76"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/8f/22/BC-9-68.PMC10419735.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9996328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune and inflammatory mechanism of remote ischemic conditioning: A narrative review.","authors":"Yi Xu,&nbsp;Yuan Wang,&nbsp;Xunming Ji","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_57_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_57_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The benefits of remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) on multiple organs have been extensively investigated. According to existing research, suppressing the immune inflammatory response is an essential mechanism of RIC. Based on the extensive effects of RIC on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, this article reviews the immune and inflammatory mechanisms of RIC and summarizes the effects of RIC on immunity and inflammation from three perspectives: (1) the mechanisms of the impact of RIC on inflammation and immunity; (2) evidence of the effects of RIC on immune and inflammatory processes in ischaemic stroke; and (3) possible future applications of this effect, especially in systemic infectious diseases such as sepsis and sepsis-associated encephalopathy. This review explores the possibility of using RIC as a treatment in more inflammation-related diseases, which will provide new ideas for the treatment of this kind of disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"9 2","pages":"77-87"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/15/5d/BC-9-77.PMC10419737.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9996323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Restlessness with manic episodes induced by right-sided multiple strokes after COVID-19 infection: A case report.","authors":"Takahiko Nagamine","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_103_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_103_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ischemic stroke is a major complication of coronavirus infection 2019 (COVID-19). During the COVID-19 pandemic, multiple strokes occurred in many elderly people. Among them, poststroke mood disorders such as depression are relatively common. However, restlessness with manic episodes has rarely been reported. We experienced an elderly patient who became manic shortly after recovering from COVID-19 infection, which turned out to be right-sided multiple strokes. The manic state improved as the strokes stabilized, suggesting that impaired blood flow was the cause of the manic symptoms. Primary mania increases blood flow in the left hemisphere, whereas right-sided strokes may relatively increase blood flow in the left hemisphere, which may have induced manic symptoms in this case. Multiple right-sided strokes after COVID-19 infection can cause mania, and the mechanism of poststroke mania needs to be investigated in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"9 2","pages":"112-115"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/18/b8/BC-9-112.PMC10419738.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9996325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postcoiling syndrome including headache and fever after endovascular cerebral aneurysmal coil embolization: A narrative review.","authors":"Yu Okuma,&nbsp;Toshinari Meguro,&nbsp;Kentaro Shimoda,&nbsp;Santiago Miyara,&nbsp;Nobuyuki Hirotsune","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_72_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_72_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endovascular cerebral aneurysmal coil embolization is becoming more popular than direct aneurysmal neck clipping due to its noninferiority in long-term outcomes and being less invasive. Neuroradiologists often find postoperative symptoms such as headache and fever after unruptured aneurysmal coil embolization, however, they have not paid much attention because symptoms almost always resolve spontaneously within a few days. Since the concept of this syndrome has not been standardized, we named it postcoiling syndrome (PCS). In this short review, we reviewed the criteria, risk factors, mechanisms, significance, and treatment of PCS based on a few pieces of literature. Almost all literature has regarded that some kind of bioactive reaction might be involved in PCS. Preliminary data showed the possibility of inhibition of PCS by histamine-2 receptor antagonists. PCS also might have the potential of more predictive maker than previously reported risk factors for recurrence after aneurysm coil embolization. Further investigation is needed in the future, including the accumulation of cases, unification of concepts, and mid-to-long-term follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"9 2","pages":"64-67"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/bf/c2/BC-9-64.PMC10419732.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9989972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of the Arctic Sun device for hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in adult patients following cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"MandipSingh Bhatia, SaurabhC Sharda, RohitR Jakhotia, Ashish Behera, Atul Saroch, AshokKumar Pannu, HMohan Kumar","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_18_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_18_23","url":null,"abstract":"AIM: The principal objective of this study was to carry out a comprehensive and thorough analysis to compare the safety and effectiveness of the Arctic Sun, a servo-controlled surface cooling device, with conventional cooling techniques for providing therapeutic hypothermia in adult patients who had experienced hypoxic-ischemic brain injury following cardiopulmonary resuscitation. METHODS: In order to achieve our goal, we conducted an extensive search of multiple databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and ClinicalTrials.gov up to the date of July 30, 2021. We only included studies that compared the safety and efficacy of the Arctic Sun surface cooling equipment with standard cooling approaches such as cooling blankets, ice packs, and intravenous cold saline for treating comatose adult patients who had recovered after experiencing cardiac arrest. We evaluated various outcomes, including all-cause mortality, good neurological outcome at 1 month, and the occurrence of adverse effects such as infections, shock, and bleeding. We employed a random-effects meta-analysis to estimate the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for dichotomous outcomes. RESULTS: One hundred and fourteen records were identified through our search; however, only three studies met our eligibility criteria, resulting in overall 187 patients incorporated in the meta-analysis. The findings indicated no significant difference in mortality rates among the Arctic Sun device and conventional cooling techniques (OR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.34–1.19; P = 0.16; I2 = 0%). In addition, we found no significant difference in occurrence of good neurological outcomes (OR: 1.74; 95% CI: 0.94–3.25; P = 0.08; I2 = 0%) between the two cooling methods. However, the application of the Arctic Sun device was associated with increased incidence of infections compared to standard cooling methods (OR: 2.46; 95% CI: 1.18–5.11; P = 0.02; I2 = 0%). While no significant difference occurred in the incidence of shock (OR: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.07–1.18; P = 0.08; I2 = 40%), the use of the Arctic Sun device was linked to significantly fewer bleeding complications compared to standard cooling methods (OR: 0.11; 95% CI: 0.02–0.79; P = 0.03; I2 = 0%). CONCLUSIONS: After analyzing the results of our meta-analysis, we concluded that the use of the Arctic Sun device for targeted temperature management following cardiopulmonary resuscitation did not result in significant differences in mortality rates or improve neurological outcomes when compared to standard cooling techniques.","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135749651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parainfectious cerebral vasculopathy complicating bacterial meningitis: Acute-short lived vasospasm followed by delayed-long lasting vasculitis","authors":"VivigShantha Kumar","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_95_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_95_22","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial meningitis is a serious, life-threatening infection of the meninges. Several radiological studies highlight prominent structural alterations occurring in the cerebral vasculature, leading to significant cerebrovascular consequences during bacterial meningitis. Beginning with reflexive arterial vasospasm , cerebrovascular disease during bacterial meningitis proceeds through a orderly sequence of arterial vasculitis with inflammatory cell infiltration, medial smooth muscle migration and proliferation, medial necrosis, adventitial fibrosis and eventual intimal stenosis. As such, this review focuses on changes occurring within cerebral arteries during disease progression, highlighting the various structural modifications occurring in the arterial vessels that contribute to disturbances in cerebral hemodynamics and, ultimately, cerebrovascular consequences during bacterial meningitis.","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135749959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying cerebral microstructural changes in patients with COVID-19 using MRI: A systematic review.","authors":"Fahad H Alhazmi,&nbsp;Walaa M Alsharif,&nbsp;Sultan Abdulwadoud Alshoabi,&nbsp;Moawia Gameraddin,&nbsp;Khalid M Aloufi,&nbsp;Osama M Abdulaal,&nbsp;Abdualziz A Qurashi","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_77_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_77_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an epidemic viral disease caused by a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Despite the excessive number of neurological articles that have investigated the effect of COVID-19 on the brain from the neurological point of view, very few studies have investigated the impact of COVID-19 on the cerebral microstructure and function of the brain. The aim of this study was to summarize the results of the existing studies on cerebral microstructural changes in COVID-19 patients, specifically the use of quantitative volumetric analysis, blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD), and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, Semantic Scholar, and Google Scholar from December 2020 to April 2022. A well-constructed search strategy was used to identify the articles for review. Seven research articles have met this study's inclusion and exclusion criteria, which have applied neuroimaging tools such as quantitative volumetric analysis, BOLD, and DTI to investigate cerebral microstructure changes in COVID-19 patients. A significant effect of COVID-19 was found in the brain such as hypoperfusion of cerebral blood flow, increased gray matter (GM) volume, and reduced cortical thickness. The insula and thalamic radiation were the most frequent GM region and white matter tract, respectively, that are involved in SARS-CoV-2. COVID-19 was found to be associated with changes in cerebral microstructures. These abnormalities in brain areas might lead to be associated with behaviors, mental and neurological alterations that need to be considered carefully in future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"9 1","pages":"6-15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/20/02/BC-9-6.PMC10158661.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9782988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From rodents to humans: Rodent behavioral paradigms for social behavioral disorders","authors":"Le Sun, Mingyue Guo","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_48_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_48_23","url":null,"abstract":"Social cognition guides social behavior. Subjects with proper social cognition should be able to: (1) have reasonable social motivation, (2) recognize other people and infer their intentions, and (3) weigh social hierarchies and other values. The choice of appropriate behavioral paradigms enables the use of rodents to study social behavior disorders in humans, thus enabling research to go deeper into neural mechanisms. This paper reviews commonly used rodent behavioral paradigms in studies of social behavior disorders. We focused specifically on sorting out ways to transfer the study of human social behavior to rodents through behavioral paradigms.","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135749969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence of stroke in a population affected by COVID-19 in Veracruz, México.","authors":"Luis Del Carpio-Orantes,&nbsp;Ishar Solís-Sánchez,&nbsp;Nancy Patricia Moreno-Aldama,&nbsp;Andrés Aguilar-Silva,&nbsp;Sergio García-Méndez,&nbsp;Jesús Salvador Sánchez-Díaz","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_87_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_87_22","url":null,"abstract":"A meta-analysis carried out on more than 108,500 patients showed a low incidence of stroke in patients with COVID in the order of 1.4%, despite being a population with important cardiovascular risk factors; another systematic review and meta-analysis carried out in 26,691 patients showed an incidence of ischemic stroke of 2%. There was a 1.48% stroke rate across 119,967 COVID-19 hospitalizations.[1-3]","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"9 1","pages":"55-56"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/00/3b/BC-9-55.PMC10158656.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9798515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental stress, meditation, and yoga in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.","authors":"Aminah I Fayyaz,&nbsp;Yuchuan Ding","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_66_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_66_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is well known that stress can increase the risk of heart attack and stroke although the exact way it does this is unknown. This information is particularly more relevant in a post COVID-19 era where healthcare workers are increasingly facing more stressful working conditions. Thus, it is important to look into alternative methods to deal with stress including meditation and yoga which have shown potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d0/20/BC-9-1.PMC10158665.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9485165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}