Brain Circulation最新文献

{"title":"Neuropsychiatric manifestations in patients with long COVID in Mexico","authors":"LuisDel Carpio-Orantes, Andrés Aguilar-Silva, Sergio García-Méndez, JesúsSalvador Sánchez-Diaz, Yamir Rodríguez-Contreras, Estefanía Lara-Hernández, Daniela Fernández-Márquez","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_13_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_13_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135749650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reversible intracranial contrast medium accumulation after embolization of unruptured cerebral aneurysms and its association with transient neurological deficits: A single center experience","authors":"Hannes Schacht, Jenna Schellin, Alexander Neumann, Peter Schramm, Björn-Hergen Laabs, Jan Küchler","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_25_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_25_23","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Use of iodine-containing contrast medium (CM) is obligatory for endovascular treatment (EVT) of cerebral aneurysms. After EVT, intracranial density increases (DIs) can be detected in cranial computed tomography (CT). Those DI can correspond to subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), infarction or reversible CM accumulation (RCMA). The latter can be mistaken for hemorrhage, especially if they are accompanied by neurological deficits. OBJECTIVE: To analyze postinterventional DI after EVT of unruptured cerebral aneurysms and associated clinical symptoms and to identify risk factors for the occurrence of RCMA. METHODS: For differentiation of DI, we compared CT scans following EVT and additionally 24 h ± 5 h later. Diagnosis of RCMA was based on marked regression of DI on follow-up scans. We analyzed continuous variables (age, duration of intervention and anesthesia, aneurysm diameter, amount of CM and renal function) and categorial variables (gender, aneurysm location, devices for EVT, antiplatelet therapy [APT] and associated neurological deficits) to identify risk factors for the occurrence of RCMA. RESULTS: We studied 58 patients (44 female, mean age 59.5 [range 39–81]) who underwent EVT for a total of 68 cerebral aneurysms in 62 therapy sessions over a 3-year period without periprocedural complications. Postinterventional DI occurred after 17 therapy sessions. All 17 DI turned out to be RCMA in the follow-up imaging. Two patients who had no DI on initial postinterventional CT showed new SAH on follow-up CT. Infarctions were not observed. Transient neurological deficits occurred in eight patients (12.9%) and were associated with RCMA (P = 0.010). Postinterventional RCMA was associated with the duration of EVT (P = 0.038) and with APT (acetylsalicylic acid [ASA] + clopidogrel: P =0.040; ASA alone: P =0.011). CONCLUSIONS: RCMA is common after EVT of unruptured cerebral aneurysms and often accompanied by transient neurological deficits. Long procedure duration and APT appear to predispose to the occurrence of RCMA.","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135749667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A narrative review of retinal vascular parameters and the applications (Part I): Measuring methods","authors":"Xunming Ji, Yuan Gao, Lijun Xu, Ning He, Yuchuan Ding, Wenbo Zhao, Tingting Meng, Ming Li, Jiaqi Wu, Yazeed Haddad, Xuxiang Zhang","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_8_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_8_23","url":null,"abstract":"The retina is often used to evaluate the vascular health status of eyes and the whole body directly and noninvasively in vivo. Retinal vascular parameters included caliber, tortuosity and fractal dimension. These variables represent the density or geometric characteristics of the vascular network apart from reflecting structural changes in the retinal vessel system. Currently, these parameters are often used as indicators of retinal disease, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. Advanced digital fundus photography apparatus and computer-assisted analysis techniques combined with artificial intelligence, make the quantitative calculation of these parameters easier, objective, and labor-saving.","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135749975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carotid cavernous fistula: A rare but treatable cause of ophthalmoplegia - A case report.","authors":"Neeharika Krothapalli,&nbsp;Mohamad Fayad,&nbsp;Eric Sussman,&nbsp;Charles Bruno,&nbsp;Martin Ollenschleger,&nbsp;Tapan Mehta","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_64_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_64_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carotid cavernous fistulas (CCFs) are a rare but debilitating entity that may present with orbital or cerebral venous hypertension. CCFs may pose diagnostic and management pitfalls for clinicians as they can initially be misdiagnosed as primary orbital pathology or nonarteriovenous shunting-related cavernous sinus pathology. Furthermore, the resolution of pulsatile tinnitus could be an ominous sign in patients with untreated dural arteriovenous fistula. We describe a case of a 56-year-old male who presented with progressive right eye proptosis, congestion, decreased visual acuity, limited duction, exophthalmos, and pulsatile tinnitus. The patient had poor response to antibiotics and steroids. Magnetic resonance imaging brain showed significant inflammation involving the right orbit and atypical enhancement of the basal frontal lobe adjacent to the orbit. Cerebral angiography revealed an indirect right CCF and right sigmoid sinus thrombosis with stenosis of the right internal jugular vein. No clear predisposing factor was identified. Given the rapidly progressive nature of the condition, the patient successfully underwent endovascular treatment with transvenous approach to preserve flow in the internal carotid artery while ensuring occlusion of the fistula. A triad of proptosis, eye congestion, and signs of turbulent flow such as tinnitus or orbital bruit should raise suspicion for CCF. An interesting feature in this patient is that CCF may have occurred secondary to sigmoid sinus thrombosis with accompanying small cortical vein drainage. Our case highlights the importance of early recognition and timely intervention to ensure the resolution of orbital hypertension-related symptoms in rare cases of CCFs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"9 1","pages":"30-34"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1e/91/BC-9-30.PMC10158662.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9782987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct transfer for thrombectomy in patients with large vessel occlusions on computed tomography angiography results in safe revascularization.","authors":"Ryan G Eaton,&nbsp;Olivia Duru,&nbsp;Ciaran James Powers","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_89_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_89_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Endovascular mechanical thrombectomy (EVT) has become the standard of care treatment for both intravenous tissue plasminogen activator eligible and ineligible patients presenting with an acute ischemic stroke due to a large vessel occlusion (LVO) within 24 h. Due to limited access to EVT, patients typically present to a non-EVT-capable center and are transferred to a larger, EVT-capable center. Quality improvement work has focused on improving this process to shorten the time to definitive recanalization of the affected vessel.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed 98 consecutive patients who were transferred from an outside institution to our Comprehensive Stroke Center from July 2019 to September 2021. Thirty-nine of these patients had a diagnosed LVO at the transferring center on computed tomography angiography and were transferred directly to the angiography suite (DAT) whereas 59 patients were transferred to our Emergency Department for further imaging (EDT). Three of the patients in the DAT group did not undergo thrombectomy as there was no LVO identified on catheter angiography and were excluded from the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Demographic and medical comorbidities were similar between the two groups. The DAT group had more severe strokes on presentation compared to the EDT group as measured by the National Institute of Health Stroke Severity (17.5 vs. 15, <i>P</i> = 0.048). Last known well (LKW) to arrival time in the angiography suite was significantly shorter in the DAT group (280 min vs. 474 min, <i>P</i> = 0.002). Patients in the DAT group were revascularized faster than the EDT group relative to LKW (320 min vs. 534 min, <i>P</i> < 0.001) while door-to-groin puncture and door-to-revascularization rates were similar. Modified Rankin score, incidence of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, and need for decompressive hemicraniectomy were similar between the two groups. Successful revascularization as measured by thrombolysis in cerebral infarction score occurred at a higher rate in the DAT group but was not statistical significance (97% vs. 85%, <i>P</i> = 0.055).</p><p><strong>Discussion/conclusion: </strong>DAT resulted in safe EVT compared to EDT with significant improvement in LKW to angiography suite presentation and subsequent vessel recanalization. Patients who underwent DAT experienced similar functional outcomes compared to EDT despite experiencing more severe strokes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"9 1","pages":"25-29"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/25/9e/BC-9-25.PMC10158668.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9798518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beware of bihemispheric stroke after Omicron variant infection in the elderly.","authors":"Takahiko Nagamine","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_76_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_76_22","url":null,"abstract":"S infection can cause thrombosis in infected individuals.[1] Thromboembolic events, including ischemic stroke, are major complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).[2] Among strokes, bihemispheric ischemic stroke is uncommon, suggestive of an embolic source, and associated with increased death and disability.[3] In Japan, August 2022 was the seventh wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, with approximately 200,000 people infected with Omicron variants per day. During this period, we experienced elderly patients who developed bihemispheric stroke after Omicron variant infection, all with poor prognoses. A case series in clinical practice should first be considered to determine whether Omicron variants are prone to thrombosis.","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"9 1","pages":"52-54"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/09/b9/BC-9-52.PMC10158659.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9485160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive deterioration in childhood: Never forget electrical status epilepticus during slow-wave sleep.","authors":"Annio Posar,&nbsp;Paola Visconti","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_49_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_49_22","url":null,"abstract":"W a child shows any signs of change in cognitive/behavioral functioning (characterized by poorer attention and memory skills, loss of personal autonomy, restlessness, etc.), in the medical work-up, we should never forget the diagnostic hypothesis of electrical status epilepticus during slow-wave sleep (ESES); an electroclinical condition characterized by an electroencephalogram (EEG) picture with diffuse paroxysmal abnormalities (spike-and-waves) lasting for at least 85% of the duration of slow sleep (nonrapid eye movement [NREM] sleep). On the clinical side, in addition to the change in cognitive/behavioral functioning, which should be examined whenever possible through a neuropsychological assessment, focal or generalized epileptic seizures with heterogeneous semeiology, and motor impairment (including, inter alia, ataxia, and dyspraxia) have been described.[1,2] While for most forms of neurocognitive deterioration in childhood (e.g., those due to neurometabolic diseases), there is currently no effective treatment; in the case of ESES, effective therapy and more or less complete recovery are possible. It is mainly for this reason that the diagnostic hypothesis of ESES should never be forgotten when a child shows neurocognitive deterioration. The classic form of ESES syndrome is rare but well-known in the context of childhood epileptology. According to the International Classification of Epilepsies, ESES has been included in epileptic encephalopathies, in which by definition the relevant EEG abnormalities disrupt the neurodevelopment of the individual, leading to an often severe cognitive deterioration.[3] It should also be emphasized that in recent years in the literature, the tendency to distinguish between the term ESES, describing only the EEG findings, and the term continuous spike and wave during slow-wave sleep, which refers to the clinical picture characterized by neurocognitive deterioration related to spike-wave discharges disrupting most of NREM sleep, has been gaining ground.[4]","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"9 1","pages":"48-49"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0f/94/BC-9-48.PMC10158660.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9430155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A stroke in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infected is not necessarily a COVID-stroke","authors":"Josef Finsterer, Sounira Mehri","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_15_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_15_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135749643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A narrative review of retinal vascular parameters and the applications (Part II): Diagnosis in stroke","authors":"Xunming Ji, Yuan Gao, Lijun Xu, Ning He, Yuchuan Ding, Wenbo Zhao, Tingting Meng, Ming Li, Jiaqi Wu, Yazeed Haddad, Xuxiang Zhang","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_9_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_9_23","url":null,"abstract":"The retina, as an external extension of the diencephalon, can be directly, noninvasively observed by ocular fundus photography. Therefore, it offers a convenient and feasible mode to study nervous system diseases. Caliber, tortuosity, and fractal dimension, as three commonly used retinal vascular parameters, are not only the reflection of structural changes in the retinal microcirculation but also capture the branching pattern or density changes of the retinal microvascular network. Therefore, it contributes to better reflecting the subclinical pathological changes (e.g., lacunar stroke and small cerebral vascular disease) and predicting the risk of incident stroke and recurrent stroke.","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135749649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glycogen synthase kinase-3β mediates toll-like receptors 4/nuclear factor kappa-B-activated cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through regulation of fat mass and obesity-associated protein","authors":"Yunchang Mo, Junlu Wang, Kaiwei Xu, Wenwen Du, Xiuxiu Zhuang, Dongdong Liang","doi":"10.4103/bc.bc_3_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_3_23","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β), fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO), and toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4) take on critical significance in different biological processes, whereas their interactions remain unclear. The objective was the investigation of the interaction effect in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. METHODS: The function of the cerebral cortex in the mouse middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model (each group n = 6) and P12 cells oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model was analyzed using short hairpin GSK3β lentivirus and overexpression of FTO lentivirus (in vitro), TLR4 inhibitor (TAK242), and LiCl to regulate GSK3β, FTO, TLR4 expression, and GSK3β activity, respectively. RESULTS: After GSK3β knockdown in the OGD/R model of PC12 cells, the levels of TLR4 and p-p65 were lower than in the control, and the level of FTO was higher than in the control. Knockdown GSK3β reversed the OGD/R-induced nuclear factor kappa-B transfer to the intranuclear nuclei. As indicated by the result, TLR4 expression was down-regulated by overexpressed FTO, and TLR4 expression was up-regulated notably after inhibition of FTO with the use of R-2HG. After the inhibition of the activity of GSK3β in vivo, the reduction of FTO in mice suffering from MCAO was reversed. CONCLUSIONS: Our research shows that GSK3β/FTO/TLR4 pathway contributes to cerebral I/R injury.","PeriodicalId":9288,"journal":{"name":"Brain Circulation","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135749973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}