Hye-Won Lim, Yu-Hua Huang, Hye-Seung Baek, Hong-Gyum Kim, Kyu Earn Kim, Chang-Jin Lim
{"title":"PDRN-like marker DNA shows skin beneficial properties through its single-stranded form.","authors":"Hye-Won Lim, Yu-Hua Huang, Hye-Seung Baek, Hong-Gyum Kim, Kyu Earn Kim, Chang-Jin Lim","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbaf067","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bbb/zbaf067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Using marker DNA, this work aimed to clarify which of the 2 conformational states of PDRNs (polydeoxyribonucleotides) as a DNA-based remedy, ssDNA random coil or dsDNA helical form, acts as an active player. The marker DNA solution (BN) was subjected to high temperature, which yielded the thermal-denatured BN solution (BN-H) with the enhanced ssDNA. BN-H exhibited significantly higher beneficial properties. The ssDNA state is responsible for its pharmacological properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1168-1172"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143974438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis of homocarnosine for applications in bioactive peptide and functional food studies.","authors":"Tomoka Nagao, Kanako Sato, Takeshi Arima, Takumi Komaru, Sudathip Sae-Tan, Masubon Thongngam, Hisato Kuniyoshi, Makoto Hirayama, Yoshiaki Nakamura, Akiko Koi, Jun-Ichi Kakimura, Hitoshi Fujitaka, Ruge Cao, Noriyuki Yanaka, Thanutchaporn Kumrungsee","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbaf075","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bbb/zbaf075","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Homocarnosine is a brain-specific dipeptide composed of γ-aminobutyric acid and L-histidine. In contrast to its well-known analog carnosine, homocarnosine is under-explored and noncommercially available. Here, we report an in-house and practical procedure for solid-phase synthesis of homocarnosine, yielding a purity of >95%. Applications of the synthesized homocarnosine in in vitro assays exhibited antioxidant and muscle-fiber-cell viability activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1212-1216"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144109616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Light- and ascorbate-dependent regulation of VITAMIN C DEFECTIVE 2 protein expression in Arabidopsis.","authors":"Yasuhiro Tanaka, Takanori Maruta, Takahiro Ishikawa","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbaf080","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bbb/zbaf080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ascorbate accumulation under light conditions is regulated by GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase (GGP), which catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the ascorbate biosynthesis pathway and is encoded by the Vitamin C Defective 2 (VTC2). While the VTC2 gene expression and the GGP activity in response to light have been extensively studied, the behavior of the VTC2 protein remains unclear. To explore the role of VTC2 protein accumulation in modulating ascorbate biosynthesis, we generated transgenic plants expressing VTC2 fused with a Myc tag, driven by the native VTC2 promoter, within vtc2-4 lacking VTC2. Under normal light conditions, VTC2 transcripts, VTC2 protein levels, and GGP activity exhibited an increase during the early light period. These data highlight the importance of VTC2 protein accumulation during the early light phase in determining ascorbate biosynthesis capacity in response to light. Furthermore, our analysis demonstrated that high-ascorbate concentrations suppress VTC2 expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1136-1143"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144156787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yoshimi Yamakami, Kyoko Morino, Robert A Kanaly, Raku Irie, Masato Oikawa, Yuki Takauji, Kensuke Miki, Mohammad Nazir Hossain, Dai Ayusawa, Michihiko Fujii
{"title":"1,6-Digalloyl glucose in Emblica officinalis increases the proliferation of human keratinocytes and fibroblasts with upregulated expression of periostin.","authors":"Yoshimi Yamakami, Kyoko Morino, Robert A Kanaly, Raku Irie, Masato Oikawa, Yuki Takauji, Kensuke Miki, Mohammad Nazir Hossain, Dai Ayusawa, Michihiko Fujii","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbaf068","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bbb/zbaf068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Keratinocytes and fibroblasts are the major cell types in the epidermis and the dermis, respectively. Since both cells play important roles in wound healing, compounds that regulate their proliferation are expected to be beneficial to epidermal health. We have previously shown that the extract of Emblica officinalis, which is a well-known herb in Ayurvedic traditional medicine, increases the proliferation of keratinocytes. Here, we purified a compound that increased cell proliferation from E. officinalis extract. Through liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques, the compound was determined to be 1,6-digalloyl glucose. Consistent with this, tannic acid, a type of polygalloyl glucose, also increased cell proliferation. We further found that E. officinalis extract increased the proliferation of fibroblasts as well and showed that it increased cell proliferation at least partly through upregulating the expression of periostin. These findings revealed the mechanism by which E. officinalis extract regulates cell proliferation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1092-1105"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143979261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Montserratt Herrera-Martell, Armando Mejía, Luis Enrique Gómez-Quiroz, Javier Barrios-González
{"title":"Aspergillus terreus AtfB (bZIP) differently regulates lovastatin production in submerged fermentation and in solid-state fermentation.","authors":"Montserratt Herrera-Martell, Armando Mejía, Luis Enrique Gómez-Quiroz, Javier Barrios-González","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbaf066","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bbb/zbaf066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lovastatin is industrially produced with Aspergillus terreus, generally by liquid submerged fermentation (SmF), but also by solid-state fermentation (SSF) since it shows higher yields. Its biosynthetic genes are positively regulated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). AtfB (AtatfB) knocked-down mutants displayed increased sensitivity to oxidative and osmotic stress in conidia. Transformants showed decreased lovastatin production in SSF, while increased production in SmF (also lower ROS levels in both systems). After ROS normalization, the differences in lovastatin production originally found were conserved. Moreover, biosynthetic gene expression (lovE and lovF) was higher in SmF, but lower in SSF. It is concluded that AtAtfB regulates lovastatin biosynthesis in A. terreus at transcriptional level, but has different functions in SmF and SSF, acting as a negative regulator in SmF, and as a positive regulator in SSF. This is the first report of a transcription factor regulating secondary metabolism with opposite functions in SSF and in SmF.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1227-1235"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143984280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vera Fitriya Ersalena, Naoki Kitaoka, Hideyuki Matsuura
{"title":"Unveiling the presence of jasmonoyl-l-isoleucine in 3 species of moss belonging to Bryophytes.","authors":"Vera Fitriya Ersalena, Naoki Kitaoka, Hideyuki Matsuura","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbaf072","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bbb/zbaf072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is no existing evidence of the existence of jasmonates and (+)-7-iso-Jasmonoyl-ʟ-isoleucine (JA-l-Ile) in Bryophytes. Mosses belong to Bryophytes, and it was found that 3 kinds of mosses, Calohypnum plumiforme, Lencobryum bowringii, and Pyrrhobryum dozyanum, accumulated detectable levels of endogenous JA-l-Ile in the aerial parts, but not in Bartramia pomiformis belonging to the same plant group.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1177-1181"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144483147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Engineering rhamnose-inducible T7 expression systems in Bacillus subtilis utilizing the rhaEW promoter and identifying critical residues in RhaR regulating this promoter.","authors":"Yuna Kuwahara, Kazutake Hirooka","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbaf077","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bbb/zbaf077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We constructed T7 expression systems in Bacillus subtilis, in which the rhamnose-inducible rhaEW promoter and its derivative were used to control the T7 RNA polymerase gene. This promoter is regulated by the RhaR repressor, which is derepressed by rhamnulose-1-phosphate derived from rhamnose. To prolong the induction, we deleted the chromosomal rhaEW gene, thereby accumulating the effector. A mutated green fluorescent protein (EGFP) was expressed using these systems. However, high basal activity of the rhaEW promoter caused loss of regulation and growth inhibition of the expression strains upon rhamnose addition. Two spontaneous mutant strains carrying single-point mutations in the rhaR gene (T103A and Q188L) alleviated rhamnose-dependent growth inhibition and enabled rhamnose-induced EGFP expression. The lacZ reporter analysis showed that both mutations reduced RhaR's sensitivity to the effector. Incorporation of each mutant rhaR allele into the T7 expression system, distinct from the spontaneous mutants, improved the induction ratio.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1154-1167"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144126680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mina Hashimoto, Yoshihiko Tanimoto, Eriko Kage-Nakadai
{"title":"Lactiplantibacillus brownii strain MH-1 prolongs healthspan and improves stress resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans.","authors":"Mina Hashimoto, Yoshihiko Tanimoto, Eriko Kage-Nakadai","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbaf065","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bbb/zbaf065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lactiplantibacillus brownii was first discovered in 2023. We previously isolated L. brownii strain MH-1 from homemade pickled Chinese cabbage in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan, and performed whole-genome sequencing. In this study, we examined the beneficial effects of L. brownii strain MH-1 on a host using C. elegans. MH-1 and heat-killed MH-1 extended the lifespan and also alleviated motility decline during aging in worms. Feeding MH-1 to nematodes indicated its presence in the intestinal tract with no change in body or brood sizes, suggesting that dietary restrictions did not occur. There were no significant differences in intestinal barrier enhancement or fat accumulation in MH-1-fed C. elegans. The stress response of C. elegans was enhanced by MH-1 for oxidative stress tolerance. MH-1 increased the expression of genes involved in defense response and lipid catabolism. These results demonstrate the beneficial effects of MH-1 on nematodes and its potential use as a probiotic.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1236-1247"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143963009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Faruk Hossain Khan, Yoshitaka Nakashima, Toshiyuki Nakamura, Yoshimasa Nakamura, Yoshihiko Hirai, Md Anamul Hoque, Mohammad Saidur Rhaman, Shintaro Munemasa, Jun'ichi Mano, Yoshiyuki Murata
{"title":"Involvement of reactive carbonyl species in inhibition of germination and seedling growth by salt stress in rice.","authors":"Faruk Hossain Khan, Yoshitaka Nakashima, Toshiyuki Nakamura, Yoshimasa Nakamura, Yoshihiko Hirai, Md Anamul Hoque, Mohammad Saidur Rhaman, Shintaro Munemasa, Jun'ichi Mano, Yoshiyuki Murata","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbaf062","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bbb/zbaf062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Salt stress increases levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to a variety of damages in plants. Production of reactive carbonyl species (RCS) following ROS accumulation has been reported to be closely related to damage by salt stress. We investigated the effects of RCS scavengers, carnosine and pyridoxamine, on the inhibition of germination and seedling growth of Nipponbare (Oryza sativa L.) by salt stress. The inhibition of germination and the seedling growth by 50 mm NaCl was alleviated by the scavengers. The scavengers suppressed the malondialdehyde accumulation and protein carbonylation but not the ROS accumulation in the salt-stressed shoots. These results indicate that suppression of RCS accumulation improves salt tolerance without affecting ROS production in rice and suggest that RCS accumulation is responsible for the inhibitory effects on seeds and seedlings in rice.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1106-1113"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143978341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ami Sakurai, Atsushi Kawamura, Yasunao Hattori, Hidefumi Makabe
{"title":"Total synthesis and structure determination of ephedroidin.","authors":"Ami Sakurai, Atsushi Kawamura, Yasunao Hattori, Hidefumi Makabe","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbaf059","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bbb/zbaf059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The total synthesis and structure determination of enantiomerically pure (+)- and (-)-ephedroidin from the leguminous plant is described. (+)- and (-)-Ephedroidin were a flavonoid with a chiral secondary alcohol on a side chain derived from a prenyl group. These compounds were obtained by optical resolution of (±)-ephedroidin through α-methoxyphenylacetic acid (MPA) esterification. The racemic secondary hydroxy group of (±)-ephedroidin was generated by photooxidation of prenylated flavonoid. Based on the total synthesis and Trost's method using α-MPA ester derivatives, the absolute configurations of (+)- and (-)-ephedroidin were revealed.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1075-1080"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144062105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}