{"title":"Dual-faceted regulation by butyrophilin 1A1 to produce MUC5AC and IL-8 from human colonic cell line HT29-MTX-E12.","authors":"Minori Ishida, Yuki Kuwana, Mizuki Tsujimoto, Hyejin Namgung, Ayami Furue, Fumito Tani","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbag072","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bbb/zbag072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Butyrophilin subfamily 1 member A1 (BTN1A1) is a major protein of the milk fat globule membrane, but its immunoregulatory function remains largely unresolved, despite its structural similarity to the B7 co-stimulatory molecules. In this study, we investigated the immunological significance of BTN1A1 in gastrointestinal epithelial cells. The human ectodomain of BTN1A1 expressed as a soluble Fc fusion protein (ectoBTN-Fc) was added to HT29-MTX-E12 cells as a model for gastrointestinal epithelial cells. In the absence of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, it significantly promoted MUC5AC production via a weak activation of NF-κB signal transduction pathway. In contrast, prior incubation with ectoBTN-Fc inhibited TNF-α-provoked-IL-8 secretion by suppressing the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65. Binding analyses demonstrated that ectoBTN-Fc likely binds to HT29-MTX-E12 cells, followed by its endocytosis. These results suggest a dual-faceted regulatory function of BTN1A1. It reinforces intestinal mucosal barrier function under basal conditions, while it may endow a prophylactic effect alleviating strong inflammatory stimulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1007-1018"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148004617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recrystallization-induced tautomerism and selective imine formation of N-diphenylmethylene-serine methyl ester.","authors":"Resky Nugraha, Fumiya Nakayama, Desita Triana Aziz, Sumayya Binti Abd Azis, Marwah Wirda Ningsih, Yuki Fukuda, Zetryana Puteri Tachrim, Tsunayoshi Takehara, Takeyuki Suzuki, Yuta Murai, Makoto Hashimoto","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbag068","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bbb/zbag068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diphenylmethylene serine methyl ester is an important precursor for the synthesis of O-glycoprotein mimics; however, it exists as an equilibrium mixture of imine and oxazolidine forms due to intramolecular cyclization. Upon crystallization from ether/hexane, the oxazolidine form is typically obtained as the predominant species, and the pure imine form has not been isolated to date. In this study, diphenylmethylene serine methyl ester was synthesized from serine methyl ester and benzophenone imine, purified by chromatography, and subsequently recrystallized from methanol to selectively afford the imine form in high purity. The structure was confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Tautomeric interconversion was investigated in deuterated chloroform at various temperatures, revealing a gradual conversion of the imine into the oxazolidine form until equilibrium was established. These findings clarify the tautomeric behavior of this compound and provide an effective strategy for the selective isolation of tautomers of serine derivatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"992-1000"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147863713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hu Fan, Wenfeng Xiong, Liming Liu, Chengzhe Zhang, Yunjia Hu, Lili Zhang, Hemant Kamble, Xiaojun Liang, Zhenzhou He, Qingqing Fan
{"title":"Thymol gel ameliorates anesthesia-related postoperative neuropathic pain: modulation of inflammatory mediators in a rat model.","authors":"Hu Fan, Wenfeng Xiong, Liming Liu, Chengzhe Zhang, Yunjia Hu, Lili Zhang, Hemant Kamble, Xiaojun Liang, Zhenzhou He, Qingqing Fan","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbag071","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bbb/zbag071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the molecular mechanisms and therapeutic efficacy of chitosan-based thymol gels (2.5%, 5%, and 10%) in postoperative neuropathic pain. Gels exhibited pseudoplastic shear-thinning behavior and a biphasic release profile, achieving > 90% cumulative release within 12 h. Using a Wistar rat model of hind paw incision, topical treatment with 5% and 10% thymol gels significantly (P < .05) reversed the reduction in paw withdrawal latency and threshold compared to the controls. Thymol gel markedly decreased serum corticosterone, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-II), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels. Furthermore, it downregulated the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression of interleukins and tumor necrosis factor in the sciatic nerve. Histopathological analysis confirmed reduced inflammation and congestion. Positive correlations were observed between pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and serum corticosterone, PGE2, and COX-II levels. These findings suggest that thymol gel effectively ameliorates anesthesia-related postoperative neuropathic pain by modulating key inflammatory mediators, suggesting its beneficial treatment option for alleviating such pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1044-1054"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147970503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Morteza Servatan, Fatma Zeynep Bozkurt, Zeynep Yilmazer Hitit, Birgütay Şahin, Damla Nur Parıltı, Suna Ertunç, Pelin Mutlu
{"title":"Fabrication of β-glucan nanocarriers for enhanced encapsulation and delivery of doxorubicin for triple negative breast cancer treatment.","authors":"Morteza Servatan, Fatma Zeynep Bozkurt, Zeynep Yilmazer Hitit, Birgütay Şahin, Damla Nur Parıltı, Suna Ertunç, Pelin Mutlu","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbag066","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bbb/zbag066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, beta glucan nanoparticles were fabricated and encapsulated with Doxorubicin for an effective drug delivery for triple negative breast cancer treatment. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by FTIR, TEM, SEM, DLS, and zeta potential analysis. A drug encapsulation rate of 80% was achieved and drug release studies displayed a better release of drug from encapsulated glucan nanoparticles in acidic media. In vitro cytotoxicity and cellular uptake were evaluated by MTT and fluorescence microscopy, respectively where the IC50 concentrations for Dox and Dox loaded nano glucans were found to be 2.5 and 1 µg/mL, respectively. SEM, TEM, and DLS results showed that beta glucan nanoparticles have a size distribution between 30-100 nm. FTIR and zeta potential analysis confirmed the loading of Dox. The results over MDA-MB-231 cells showed that Dox loaded beta glucan nanoparticles were effectively internalized and had more cytotoxic activity with respect to free drug.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1019-1031"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147811266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Antimelanogenic properties of glycerol-linked hexadecatetraenoic acid derivatives isolated from Ulva prolifera.","authors":"Yuzuki Yamada, Togo Shimomura, Marimo Miyazono, Shiho Hagihara, Makoto Nakaya, Shunta Sakamoto, Kenji Kai, Satoshi Handa, Yushi Hashizume, Tandia Mahamadou, Tatsuji Sakamoto","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbag065","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bbb/zbag065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ethanol extracts from four species of green algae were comparatively evaluated for antimelanogenic activity using B16F10 mouse melanoma cells. The extract derived from Ulva prolifera demonstrated the strongest inhibitory effect on melanin synthesis and was thus selected for further investigation to isolate and identify its bioactive constituents. Through sequential chromatographic techniques, two active compounds-1-hexadecatetraenoylglycerol and 1-hexadecatetraenoyl-3-β-D-galactopyranosylglycerol-were isolated and structurally characterized via NMR and mass spectrometric analyses. Notably, hexadecatetraenoic acid alone did not exhibit antimelanogenic activity under the same experimental conditions, whereas its glycerol-conjugated form, 1-hexadecatetraenoylglycerol, significantly suppressed melanin production. Additionally, neither the ethanol extract of U. prolifera nor the isolated compounds directly inhibited tyrosinase activity, suggesting that they may influence melanogenesis through indirect mechanisms. These results suggest that the molecular configuration of fatty acids plays an important role in antimelanogenic activity and highlight the potential of lipid components from U. prolifera as functional antimelanogenic agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"977-985"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147811280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Identification of the biosynthetic gene cluster for PF1451A: implications for untapped peptide biosynthetic pathways widely distributed in fungi.","authors":"Genki Hibi, Taro Ozaki, Riku Sugimoto, Yohei Morishita, Teigo Asai","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbag074","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bbb/zbag074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The biosynthetic gene cluster for PF1451A (1), a potent fungicidal peptide, was identified, showing that 1 is a member of ribosomally synthesized and posttranslationally modified peptides of fungal origin. Notably, a hypothetical protein belonging to the IPR053008 family was involved in the desaturation of the valine residue. Bioinformatic analysis demonstrated the wide distribution of similar proteins in fungal genomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1001-1006"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147980515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qiaochu Wang, Shuusuke Kawachi, Kota Handa, Kazuya Yoshimura
{"title":"Tissue-specific and environmental regulation of ascorbate accumulation in the cactus Nopalea cochenillifera.","authors":"Qiaochu Wang, Shuusuke Kawachi, Kota Handa, Kazuya Yoshimura","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbag076","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bbb/zbag076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cacti are xerophytic plants characterized by water-storing cladodes, thick cuticles, and CAM photosynthesis, enabling high productivity under harsh conditions. They accumulate ascorbate (AsA) at levels comparable to those of leafy vegetables, potentially contributing to stress tolerance and nutritional value. However, the regulation of AsA accumulation in cacti remains poorly understood. Here, we used the dwarf prickly pear cactus Nopalea cochenillifera to investigate the tissue-specific distribution and environmental responses of AsA. AsA preferentially accumulated in the cortex, exhibited light-dependent increases, and was maintained or even increased under high-light, drought, and low-temperature stress conditions. Supplementation experiments with AsA and its precursors suggest the presence of multiple biosynthetic pathways and inter-cladode transport mechanisms. These results provide insights into mechanisms specific to the cactus N. cochenillifera for maintaining AsA homeostasis under adverse environmental conditions. This study provides the first evidence of tissue-specific and stress-responsive regulation of AsA metabolism in cactus cladodes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1072-1082"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148041184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Roquefortine C isolated from a quail feces-derived fungus exhibits aryl hydrocarbon receptor antagonistic and broad-spectrum antiviral activities.","authors":"Karin Maruyama, Kou Nakamura, Mitsuki Yasukochi, Hirofumi Ohashi, Shogo Nakajima, Shiki Saitoh, Nozomi Mosu, Namiho Suzuki, Chihiro Kase, Naoyuki Aihara, Hironobu Murakami, Maiko Okada, Kan Fujino, Koichi Watashi, Shinji Kamisuki","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbag070","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bbb/zbag070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a ligand-activated transcription factor, regulates the metabolism of exogenous compounds. Pharmacological inhibition of AhR reduces lipid droplet (LD) accumulation and suppresses hepatitis C virus (HCV) proliferation. Recent evidence implicates AhR in the propagation of viruses such as herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), making it a host factor regulating the proliferation of diverse viruses and an attractive target for broad-spectrum antivirals. To identify AhR ligands with antiviral activity, we screened secondary metabolites derived from fungi isolated from various animals. We identified roquefortine C, an indole alkaloid obtained from quail-derived fungi, as an AhR antagonist. Roquefortine C suppressed LD formation and HCV production in human hepatoma cells. Additionally, it showed anti-HSV-1 and anti-pseudorabies virus (PRV) activities. Notably, our study demonstrated the relationship between AhR and PRV for the first time. AhR ligands could represent potential lead compounds with broad-spectrum antiviral properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"986-991"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147947261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis shikimate kinase inhibitory activity of a glycodidepside mixture from Cosmospora sp. BioMCC-f.T-7332.","authors":"Eka Siska, Novriyandi Hanif, Gustini Syahbirin, Erwahyuni Endang Prabandari, Danang Waluyo, Titin Ariyani, Amila Pramisandi, Diana Dewi, Arif Nurkanto, Kin-Ichi Oyama, Mihoko Mori, Tomoyoshi Nozaki","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbag103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bbb/zbag103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Screening of Indonesian microbial extracts identified Cosmospora sp. BioMCC-f.T-7332 as a source of Mycobacterium tuberculosis shikimate kinase (MtSK) inhibitors. A mixture of alkylated glycodidepsides TPI-1 and TPI-2 was obtained as the inhibitor (IC50 = 1.5 µg/mL) with low cytotoxicity. Although improvements in cell permeability are necessary, didepsides may serve as starting points for the development of antitubercular agents targeting MtSK.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148435095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Motoko Ohata, Momoka Kinowaki, Kenta Sato, Issei Yokoyama, Eri Kakimoto, Kazumi Osada
{"title":"Exposure to furaneol odor affects spontaneous locomotor activity in mice.","authors":"Motoko Ohata, Momoka Kinowaki, Kenta Sato, Issei Yokoyama, Eri Kakimoto, Kazumi Osada","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbag056","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bbb/zbag056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effects of furaneol exposure on dietary intake, body weight, and spontaneous locomotor -activity (SLA) were examined in mice. Exposure to furaneol for either 15 or 60 min significantly increased SLA, with the highest values in both groups being recorded at 3 weeks, followed by a subsequent decline over time. Dietary intake and body weight remained unchanged. The mRNA expression patterns in the central tissues were investigated. In the hypothalamus, compared with those induced by exercise, levels of mRNA expression associated with the oxytocin and serotonin system showed significant increases following exposure to furaneol odor for 15 min. Additionally, dopamine receptor expression increased in the amygdala. In contrast, while expression changes in these neuropeptides and receptors were less pronounced after 60 min of exposure, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide expression increased significantly. These findings suggest that the neurophysiological responses associated with SLA enhancement differ depending on the duration of furaneol exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"935-945"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147697760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}