BMC Endocrine Disorders最新文献

{"title":"Risk factors for progression to albuminuria in individuals with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: a 5-year cohort study.","authors":"Lingli Zhou, Junxia Yu, Xiaoling Cai, Yu Zhu, Meng Li, Xueyao Han, Linong Ji","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-02014-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-025-02014-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to determine the 5-year incidence of albuminuria in Chinese individuals with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and identify baseline risk factors for progression to albuminuria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An observational cohort study was conducted with 604 individuals aged ≥ 18 years diagnosed with T2DM between January 2014 and December 2017 at a tertiary hospital in China, followed through November 2022. The cumulative incidence of progression from normoalbuminuria to albuminuria was assessed. Risk factors for progression were evaluated using multiple logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 368 individuals with normoalbuminuria at diagnosis, the mean (SD) age was 54 (11) years. The 5-year cumulative incidence of progression to albuminuria was 7.9%. Higher urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) (OR 1.18; 95% CI, 1.10-1.26) and higher homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (OR 1.18; 95% CI, 1.15-1.32) at diagnosis were independently associated with progression. After adjusting for baseline UACR, higher HOMA-IR at diagnosis was linked to a more rapid increase in UACR over time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early screening for UACR and management of insulin resistance in individuals with T2DM may help delay the onset of microalbuminuria.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"203"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12403927/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144942898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond blood pressure and glucose: exploring potential biochemical predictors of cardiovascular disease risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and co-morbid hypertension.","authors":"Bruno Basil, Jamila Aminu Mohammed, Izuchukwu Nnachi Mba, Isiaku Mary Nkemakolam, Blessing Kenechi Myke-Mbata","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-02020-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-025-02020-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), particularly when complicated by hypertension. This study explored markers of glycaemic control, systemic inflammation, and lipid-related atherogenicity, and their relationship with CVD risk among a population of Nigerian patients with T2DM and co-morbid hypertension.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This hospital-based cross-sectional analytical study was conducted over a period of 13 months among patients with T2DM, including those with co-morbid hypertension. The 10-year estimated CVD risk was determined using the WHO CVD risk assessment chart validated for Western sub-Saharan Africa, while glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were assessed as markers of glycaemic control, atherogenicity, and inflammation, respectively. Statistical analyses, including binary logistic regression, were conducted using SPSS version 25, with significance set at p < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hypertensive patients with T2DM had significantly higher hsCRP (2.57 mg/L, IQR: 2.63 vs. 0.86 mg/L, IQR: 1.72; p < 0.001) and AIP (0.071, IQR: 0.39 vs. 0.002, IQR: 0.34; p = 0.015). They also had significantly higher mean WHO CVD risk scores (11.3 ± 4.7 vs. 7.2 ± 4.1; p < 0.001), with 60.0% (n = 75) classified as moderate-to-high risk. However, after adjusting for potential confounders in the multivariable analysis, HbA1c (OR = 0.82, p = 0.062), hsCRP (OR = 1.01, p = 0.905), and AIP (OR = 2.22, p = 0.293) did not emerge as significant predictors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although hsCRP and AIP levels were elevated in higher CVD risk categories, they did not independently predict risk among patients with T2DM and hypertension. This highlights the limited utility of traditional biochemical markers in this group and the need for early risk assessment and aggressive blood pressure control. Further multicentre studies are needed to validate these results and inform targeted interventions in resource-limited settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"200"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12382058/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144942933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autoimmune thyroid disease and pituitary adenoma in a female patient with 18p deletion syndrome: a case report and review of the literature.","authors":"Jingwen Ye, Yi Shu, Mingzhu Wang, Haizhao Luo, Weiqiang Liang, Qiuping Lu, Wen Mei, Jiajin Deng","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-02017-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-025-02017-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>18p deletion (18p-) syndrome is a rare chromosomal abnormality with a wide range of phenotypes. Its main clinical features are short stature, intellectual disability, and facial dysmorphism, which are rarely accompanied by autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD) or pituitary abnormalities. Herein, we report the first Chinese patient with a de novo 18p deletion who presented with ATD and non-functioning pituitary adenoma.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 24-year-old female patient presented with severe ptosis, intellectual disability, hypothyroidism associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and a non-functional pituitary adenoma. Deletion of the short arm of chromosome 18 was detected in a G-banded karyotyping (46, XX, del [18] [p11.1]). Chromosomal microarray analysis revealed a 14.9 Mb deletion in chromosome 18p11.32p11.21, defined as arr[GRCh38]18p11.32p11.21(136227-15079295)x1. The literature review indicated that patients with 18p- syndrome and ATD were predominantly female with early disease onset (mean age: 15 years).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>18p- syndrome is associated with ATD and pituitary abnormalities. Therefore, endocrine system evaluation and genetic analysis of the 18p breakpoint region are valuable for predicting patient prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"199"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12376392/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144942921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetes mellitus screening and its associated factors among women in Lesotho: evidence from the 2023-2024 demographic and health survey.","authors":"Enyew Getaneh Mekonen, Deresse Abebe Gebrehana, Tadesse Tarik Tamir, Alebachew Ferede Zegeye, Berhan Tekeba","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-02018-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-025-02018-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetes screening is one of the simpler methods for preventing and lowering the disease's morbidity and mortality. Screening for gestational diabetes is a crucial component of obstetric care, as it negatively affects the life of both the mother and the fetus. There is a high prevalence of obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, and tobacco use in Lesotho. This highlights the significance of bolstering prevention and treatment initiatives in the country. Therefore, this study is intended to assess diabetes screening and its associated factors among women aged 15-49 years using the 2023-24 Lesotho demographic and health survey dataset.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was employed using data from the most recent national representative dataset. A total sample of 3,297 women aged between 15 and 49 years was included in the study. Data extracted from the Lesotho Demographic and Health Survey 2023-24 data sets were cleaned, recoded, and analyzed using STATA/SE version 14.0 statistical software. Multilevel logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated with the outcome variable. Finally, variables with a p-value less than 0.05 were declared statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the current study, 29.18% (95% CI: 27.65%-30.75%) of women aged 15-49 years in Lesotho were screened for diabetes mellitus. Of these, 1.40% of them had high blood sugar or diabetes, and 54.35% of women were diagnosed in the last twelve months. Age of respondents [AOR = 3.53; 95% CI (2.80, 4.46)], maternal occupation [AOR = 1.38; 95% CI (1.15, 1.65)], wealth status [AOR = 1.43; 95% CI (1.07, 1.91)], and visiting a healthcare facility in the last 12 months [AOR = 1.31; 95% CI (1.09, 1.57)] were statistically significantly associated with diabetes screening.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Less than one in three women aged 15 to 49 years were screened for diabetes in Lesotho. Advanced age, working women, wealthier households, and visiting a healthcare facility in the last 12 months were associated with higher odds of diabetes screening. Therefore, women's empowerment, regular visits to healthcare facilities, and awareness creation for young women are recommended to improve diabetes screening practices among women.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"198"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12369080/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144942887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cushing's syndrome with diabetes insipidus in pregnancy: a case report.","authors":"Shinnosuke Hata, Nobuyoshi Shinokawa, Yuki Harada, Chisato Kato, Saki Ota, Osamu Takaoka, Tsukasa Narukawa, Hiroya Iwase, Toru Tanaka","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-01946-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-025-01946-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cushing's syndrome (CS) during pregnancy is a rare condition associated with significant maternal and fetal complications, including hypertension, diabetes, preeclampsia, and preterm birth. Diabetes insipidus (DI) in pregnancy is a rare but often diagnosed condition, and its effective management is crucial for maintaining maternal health during pregnancy and childbirth. This case report describes the rare coexistence of DI and CS during pregnancy, highlighting the unique complexities in diagnosis and management.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 29-year-old woman with a history of pregnancy-induced hypertension developed severe hypertension, hypokalemia, and polyuria (6.6 L/day) during her 7th pregnancy. Laboratory findings showed elevated cortisol, suppressed adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and a 30-mm left adrenal mass, confirming adrenal CS. Despite potassium supplementation, persistent polyuria and fluid imbalance necessitated initiating desmopressin therapy at 27 weeks of gestation. The patient subsequently developed preeclampsia and underwent emergency cesarean section at 29 weeks, delivering a 1197-g infant with a very low birth weight. Polyuria resolved postpartum, and she underwent left adrenalectomy after discharge.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case illustrates the complexity of managing coexisting CS and GDI during pregnancy, emphasizing the importance of considering alternative mechanisms, such as cortisol-induced antidiuretic hormone resistance, in polyuria. Multidisciplinary approaches are crucial to optimizing maternal and fetal outcomes in rare endocrine conditions, and help contribute to the understanding of CS and DI interactions during pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"197"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12366015/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144882068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic syndrome among people living with HIV on first-line antiretroviral therapy in scarce-resource settings: an evidence from Tanzanian facility-based survey.","authors":"Deogratius Bintabara, Sola T Hyera, Festo K Shayo","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-01968-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-025-01968-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is becoming prevalent among People living with HIV (PLWHIV), attributed to antiretroviral therapy, HIV infection and other concomitant factors. A high burden of HIV/AIDs and Non-communicable diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa calls for an extra focus on the MetS among people living with HIV. The study aimed at assessing the factors associated with MetS among PLWHIV on the first-line antiretroviral therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional design whereby a convenience sampling technique was used to recruit a sample of 255 participants. The interview-guided questionnaire was used to obtain relevant information from the study participants as well as to record physical measurements (Blood pressure, weight, height and body mass index) and biochemical profiles (fasting blood glucose, lipid profile, CD4 count, and Hemoglobin level). MetS was established by using the Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression were used to analyze the data, and all statistical analyses were performed using Stata version 17.0. A P value less than 0.05 was considered for statistical significance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age and BMI were 46 ± 2 years and 25.0 ± 5.3 kg/m², respectively. The majority 161 (63.1%) of participants were females and 29 (11.4%) were either current smokers or former smokers. The prevalence of MetS was 21.2% and the factors associated with metabolic syndrome were age > 45 years (AOR = 10.483, 95% CI = 1.336-82.231), being obese (AOR = 11.39, 95% CI = 2.23-58.32), currently smoking (AOR = 3.97, 95% CI = 1.10-14.34) and being single (AOR = 2.84, 95% CI = 1.11-7.26).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of MetS in this study was relatively high among PLWHIV on first-line ART. Age above 45 years, being single, current smoking, and obesity were independent predictors of MetS. Regular monitoring for clinical and laboratory parameters, surveillance of drug effects and behavioral interventions are needed to optimize the management and prevention of metabolic disorders in PLWHIV.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"196"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12359830/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144871489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the UHR threshold in American adult: a new biomarker for early diabetes detection from NHANES study.","authors":"Chao Yu, Zuting Liu, Jian Zhong, Xingyu Liu, Jiali Mo, Jie Kuang","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-02012-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-025-02012-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>This study examines the association between the serum uric acid high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (UHR) biomarker and the risk of prediabetes and diabetes, a relationship that remains under-researched, to provide insights for diabetes prevention.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>This study utilized data from 13,975 American participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011-2018). Logistic regression models, restricted cubic splines (RCS) analysis and subgroup analyses were employed to examine the association between UHR and prediabetes/diabetes. The median UHR was 10.4%, with 6,382 (45.7%) cases of prediabetes and diabetes detected. A higher UHR was associated with an increased risk of prediabetes and diabetes, showing a 39% increased risk per standard deviation increment (OR: 1.39; 95% CI: 1.33,1.46). Consistent results were observed when UHR was categorized. Participants in the highest UHR quartile exhibited a significantly higher risk of prediabetes/diabetes than those in the lowest quartile (OR: 2.63, 95% CI: 2.30,3.01). The RCS analysis revealed a nonlinear association, with a threshold value of 12.50%. Below this threshold, higher UHR was significantly associated with prediabetes/diabetes (OR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.15,1.19), while above this threshold, the association was not significant. Subgroup analyses highlighted a marked gender disparity, with women exhibiting a stronger association.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This research found a positive link between UHR and prediabetes and diabetes prevalence, with a nonlinear relationship noted. A significant association was observed below a UHR threshold of 12.50%, especially in females.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"195"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12355743/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144854598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between circulatory immune cell to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratios and testosterone level in adult men: findings from NHANES 2011-2016.","authors":"Yangyang Mei, Bo Zhang, Yiming Chen, Renfang Xu, Dong Xue, Qianfeng Zhuang, Xingliang Feng","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-02015-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-025-02015-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"194"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12351861/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144854597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Incidence and predictors of diabetic kidney disease among type 2 diabetes mellitus adult patients in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Muluken Amare Wudu, Tarikua Afework Birhanu, Kirubel Dagnaw Tegegne, Endalk Birrie Wondifraw","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-02021-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-025-02021-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"193"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12345001/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144844409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between stress hyperglycemic ratio and all-cause mortality in diabetic patients with heart failure.","authors":"Zhenrun Zhan, Chao Lan, Yongze Zhang, Jiebin Lin, Ke Zheng, Ximei Shen, Sunjie Yan","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-02010-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-025-02010-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) quantifies the intensity of stress hyperglycemia by highlighting the rate of change in fasting blood glucose during stress. Several studies have validated the association of SHR with poor prognosis in cardiovascular disease. However, the value of SHR in diabetic patients with severe heart failure requiring ICU admission remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive value of SHR for poor prognosis in diabetic patients with heart failure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was based on the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV (MIMIC-IV) database and included diabetic patients with a diagnosis of heart failure. The primary outcome event was all-cause mortality. Patients were grouped according to quartiles of SHR, and the association between SHR and all-cause mortality was assessed using restricted cubic spline analysis, survival analysis, and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1470 patients (55.7% male) were enrolled in this study. In-hospital mortality and intensive care unit (ICU) mortality reached 12.2% and 7.8%, respectively. In-hospital mortality was significantly higher in the highest quartile group of SHR. After correction for confounders, the risk of death was significantly higher in the highest quartile group compared with the lowest quartile group. Restricted cubic spline plot analysis showed a positive linear relationship between SHR and in-hospital and ICU mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SHR was significantly associated with in-hospital and ICU all-cause mortality in severe patients. This finding suggests that SHR may be useful in identifying diabetic patients with severe heart failure at high risk for all-cause mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"192"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12326830/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144793431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}