BMC Endocrine Disorders最新文献

{"title":"Factors associated with poor glycaemic control among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Albania: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Zamira Shabani, Edona Haxhija, Elvisa Drishti","doi":"10.1186/s12902-026-02378-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-026-02378-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Poor glycaemic control is common among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in low- and middle-income settings in South-Eastern Europe, yet patient-level data on its correlates from Albania are scarce. We examined the demographic, clinical and treatment-related factors associated with poor glycaemic control (HbA1c ≥ 7%) in Albanian adults with T2DM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional study of 176 consecutive adults with T2DM attending a hospital-based outpatient diabetes service in northern Albania. Poor glycaemic control was defined a priori as HbA1c ≥ 7% (53 mmol/mol). Sociodemographic characteristics, diabetes duration, insulin therapy and physician-confirmed comorbidities were recorded. Associations were assessed using univariate and multivariable logistic regression, estimating odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI); comorbidity was modelled both as individual conditions (primary model) and as a comorbidity-burden index (sensitivity model). Model calibration and discrimination were evaluated using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test and the area under the ROC curve.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean age was 65 years, 51% were men and mean diabetes duration was 11 years. The prevalence of poor glycaemic control was 58.5% (95% CI 50.9-65.9%), and 54% were receiving insulin. In univariate analyses, poor control was more frequent with insulin therapy (OR 5.64, 95% CI 2.93-10.87), longer diabetes duration (OR 1.42 per 5 years, 1.09-1.85) and ischaemic heart disease (OR 2.10, 1.09-4.08). After mutual adjustment, insulin therapy was the only factor independently associated with poor control (adjusted OR 6.32, 95% CI 2.71-14.71); age, diabetes duration, hypertension, ischaemic heart disease and multimorbidity were not. Results were unchanged in the sensitivity model. The primary model was well calibrated (Hosmer-Lemeshow p = 0.96), with moderate discrimination (area under the ROC curve 0.74).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this Albanian outpatient population, poor glycaemic control was common and insulin therapy was the only factor independently associated with it. This reflects confounding by indication rather than harm from insulin: insulin is initiated when oral therapy no longer maintains targets, so insulin-treated patients form a clinically identifiable subgroup with more advanced disease who warrant priority for structured treatment intensification and individualised follow-up. Prospective multicentre studies are needed to confirm these associations and their temporal direction.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Not applicable (observational, non-interventional study).</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13628790/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148410406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends and disparities in thyroid cancer related mortality from 1999 to 2023: a CDC WONDER database analysis.","authors":"Reesha Yadav, Christopher Bine, Jessica Ung, Olivia Foley, Abubakar Tauseef","doi":"10.1186/s12902-026-02402-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-026-02402-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Thyroid cancer mortality has varied across demographic groups in the US, but comprehensive recent analyses are limited. This population-based retrospective cohort study examines trends in thyroid cancer-related mortality from 1999 to 2023 using data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mortality due to malignant thyroid neoplasms (ICD-10 C73) was included. Eligibility included US resident deaths recorded between 1999 and 2023 with thyroid cancer as the underlying cause. Trends in age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR, per 100,000) across sex, age, race/ethnicity, urbanization, and geographic regions were analyzed using Joinpoint regression with Monte Carlo permutation to estimate annual percent change (APC) and average annual percentage changes (AAPC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the study period, 53,145 deaths were attributed to malignant neoplasms of the thyroid. The overall AAMR declined from 0.86 to 0.77 per 100,000. Both sexes showed increased mortality until about 2019 and 2020, following which there were significant declines in mortality. Male patients experienced a higher mortality increase pre-2020 and steeper decline post-2020. Rural populations observed greater mortality increases compared to urban populations. Black or African American patients and White patients had consistently lower thyroid cancer-related mortality than Asian or Pacific Islander and Hispanic patients. Asian or Pacific Islander patients demonstrated relatively stable AAMRs over the study period without a statistically significant change. Older age groups, especially ≥ 85 years, had the highest crude mortality and significant increase in mortality post-2017. The South, Midwest, and West regions had significant mortality increases with a sharp rise in the South post-2019.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite an overall decline in malignant thyroid neoplasm related mortality since 1999, there are persistent disparities due to sex, age, urbanization, race and region. Future research should investigate the drivers of the disparities closely, and healthcare policy should also aim to improve availability and accessibility to thyroid cancer related education, screening, detection, and treatment especially to those populations with disproportionately high risk.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13548645/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148395861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Triglyceride glucose-weight adjusted waist index as a promising predictive marker for incident diabetes: a large-scale retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Longsheng Zhang, Huankai Zhang, Zhiliang Huang, Renzhe Lin, Zitian Luo, Shujun Ye, Duo Yang","doi":"10.1186/s12902-026-02367-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-026-02367-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) are separately associated with diabetes mellitus (DM). However, the longitudinal relationship of their combination (TyG‑WWI) with incident diabetes remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between TyG‑WWI and new‑onset DM and to evaluate its predictive performance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included 15,453 non‑diabetic Japanese adults. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for TyG‑WWI as both continuous and quartile variables. Restricted cubic spline analysis was applied to examine the dose‑response relationship. Time‑dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to compare the predictive performance of TyG‑WWI, TyG, WWI, and body mass index (BMI) at 5, 10, and 12 years of follow‑up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over a median follow‑up of 5.75 years for men and 5.13 years for women, 373 participants developed diabetes. After full adjustment, each one‑unit increase in TyG‑WWI was associated with a 5% higher risk (HR = 1.05, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03-1.06). Compared with the lowest quartile, the highest quartile had a 2‑fold increased risk (HR = 2.02, 95% CI: 1.13-3.62). Restricted cubic spline analysis revealed a positive, approximately linear dose‑response relationship between TyG‑WWI and incident diabetes (P for non‑linearity > 0.05). TyG‑WWI showed superior predictive accuracy at 5 years (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.7693), 10 years (AUC = 0.7706), and 12 years (AUC = 0.7793) compared with TyG, WWI, or BMI alone (all P < 0.05 except for BMI at 5 and 10 years, but significant at 12 years, P = 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher TyG‑WWI is independently associated with an increased risk of incident DM and demonstrates better and more stable predictive performance than TyG, WWI, or BMI over long-term follow-up. This simple, low‑cost index may serve as a practical long‑term risk stratification tool for identifying high‑risk individuals in primary care.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13621603/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148403330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Participants' experiences of living with cystic fibrosis related diabetes and using a hybrid closed-loop system to support self-management: qualitative study.","authors":"Julia Lawton, Amanda I Adler, Amanda Brennan, Richard I G Holt, Roman Hovorka, Nithya Kadiyala, Dawn Lau, Marian Peacock, Charlotte K Boughton, David Rankin","doi":"10.1186/s12902-026-02360-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-026-02360-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFrD) is a common complication of cystic fibrosis (CF). Many people with CFrD struggle to keep glucose within target range leading to poorer clinical outcomes and reduced life expectancy. Hybrid closed-loop (HCL) systems are an exciting innovation which may help people with CFrD improve their glucose management and experience a better quality-of-life. We explored the experiences of adults with CFrD who used the CamAPS FX HCL to: understand the benefits and challenges to using HCL in people with CFrD; and, help inform decision-making about HCL use in CFrD populations in routine clinical care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We interviewed 19 individuals who used the CamAPS FX HCL for ≥ 3 months during the CL4P-CF clinical trial. Data were analysed thematically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants reported multiple clinical and quality-of-life benefits to using HCL. Many described treatment burnout before using the system and, hence, benefitting from automated glucose regulation and an increased capacity to take on new activities. Participants also shared historical difficulties gaining/maintaining weight as a result of their CF and described how using the system helped them achieve weight/muscle gain, improved their bodily confidence and enabled to them to enjoy a greater diversity of foods. Participants also observed CF-related benefits, including a (perceived) reduced susceptibility to infections, improved mood/energy to take on CF management-tasks, and increased confidence and ability to undertake physical activity due to a reduced risk of hypoglycaemia. In addition, participants reported medical trauma arising from hospital admissions in childhood and exposure to medically-invasive procedures for their CF, and highlighted benefits to using a system which mitigated the need to use injections. Due to their earlier traumatic experiences, some expressed a preference for using tubeless pumps and cannulas that require less frequent replacement.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Participants reported improved glucose management, CF-related benefits and wide-ranging quality-of-life gains resulting from HCL use. Given their earlier experiences of treatment burnout and medically-related trauma, and taking account of the distinctive challenges involved in managing CFrD, our findings suggest that people with CFrD are a uniquely deserving group for access to HCL technology if shown to be clinically and cost effective in this population.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05562492, registration date 28th September 2022.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13628715/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148403354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Out of target glycemic control and severe hypoglycemia in older adults with diabetes presenting to the emergency department.","authors":"Rune Udesen Pihl, Martha Kring Lilja, Frederik Nancke Nilsson, Ulrik Pedersen-Bjergaard, Thomas A Schmidt","doi":"10.1186/s12902-026-02403-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-026-02403-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Severe hypoglycemia is a frequent and high-risk complication to treatment of diabetes in older adults. It is often related to strict glycemic targets, treatment intensification, and age-related physiological vulnerability. Long-term patterns of HbA1c concentrations before hypoglycemia-related hospital admissions remain poorly described. This study aimed to characterize pre-admission HbA1c concentration value trajectories in older individuals with diabetes and to explore if these patterns indicate overtreatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a retrospective cohort study at the Emergency Department of North Zealand Hospital, Denmark. Patients aged ≥ 65 years admitted with severe hypoglycemia between 2021 and 2024 were included. Data were obtained from electronic systems. HbA1c concentration values from 0 to 5 years before admission were analyzed. Linear regression was used to estimate HbA1c concentration changes over time, stratified by diabetes type, HbA1c category ranges, and age.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 212 patients were included (68 with type 1 diabetes and 144 with type 2 diabetes), accounting for 301 hypoglycemia-related admissions and 2,574 HbA1c measurements. HbA1c distributions suggested overtreatment in both groups, particularly in type 2 diabetes, where 49% of admissions occurred with HbA1c < 53 mmol/mol and 26% <43 mmol/mol. Conversely, 27% of type 1 diabetes and 23% of type 2 diabetes were admitted with HbA1c > 70 mmol/mol. Longitudinal analyses demonstrated significant declines in HbA1c prior to admission among patients with low HbA1c at admittance. In type 1 diabetes, HbA1c declined markedly in the lowest two HbA1c groups (- 2.85 and - 2.75 mmol/mol per 100 days), while higher baseline groups showed stable-modestly increasing trajectories. In type 2 diabetes, HbA1c declined in admissions with baseline values ≤ 53 mmol/mol (- 0.46 to - 1.86 mmol/mol per 100 days), whereas admissions with higher baseline HbA1c showed increasing trajectories, most pronounced in those with HbA1c > 53 mmol/mol (+ 0.85 mmol/mol per 100 days).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our data suggest that a large fraction of admissions of older adults with severe hypoglycemia are associated with overtreatment, and could potentially have been prevented by due time treatment de-intensification.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13629115/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148403292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world effectiveness of quadruple oral hypoglycemic therapy in type 2 diabetes patients refusing insulin therapy.","authors":"Han-Sang Baek, Chaiho Jeong, Tae-Seo Sohn, Hyun Shik Son","doi":"10.1186/s12902-026-02390-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-026-02390-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of quadruple combination therapy (metformin, DPP4 inhibitors, SGLT2 inhibitors, and sulfonylurea) in patients with high HbA1c at initial diagnosis or those who failed to achieve treatment goals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 412 diabetic patients treated with quadruple therapy at Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital from January to December 2023. These patients were first diagnosed with diabetes or, due to suboptimal glycemic control, the attending physician recommended insulin therapy, but the patient refused. Patients were divided into an initial treatment group (group A) and a subsequent treatment group (group B). HbA1c levels, side effects, and regimen changes were monitored at 3- and 6-month post-treatment. Factors associated with achieving HbA1c < 7% were analyzed using logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For the total population, with quadruple therapy, the mean HbA1c decreased by -12.0 ± 15.5% from baseline, with 23.5% achieving HbA1c < 7% at 3 months. At 6 months, HbA1c decreased by 10.6%, with 21.6% achieving HbA1c < 7%. Group A achieved significantly greater HbA1c reductions at both 3 and 6 months than group B (-38.1% vs. -9.9%, P < 0.001). At 6 months, 54.5% of patients in group A achieved HbA1c < 7% compared to 18.9% in group B. Factors positively influencing HbA1c reduction included younger age, shorter diabetes duration, and initial treatment group. Minimal side effects were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Quadruple oral hypoglycemic therapy may be a safe and effective option for patients with type 2 diabetes who refuse insulin, particularly in newly diagnosed individuals. While less effective in long-standing diabetes, it can serve as a transitional approach to improve glycemic control and promote future treatment adherence.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13625356/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148389983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between HbA1c and red cell distribution width-standard deviation in newly diagnosed, treatment-naïve type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective cross-sectional study.","authors":"Kemal Ozan Lule, Anil Beyaz, Hamit Yildiz","doi":"10.1186/s12902-026-02405-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-026-02405-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Red cell distribution width-standard deviation (RDW-SD), a measure of erythrocyte volume heterogeneity, has attracted increasing interest as a hematologic marker linked to inflammation, oxidative stress, and metabolic dysfunction beyond anemia evaluation. However, evidence on the relationship between glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and RDW-SD in newly diagnosed, treatment-naïve type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains limited. This study investigated the association between HbA1c and RDW-SD after accounting for hematologic, nutritional, renal, and metabolic factors that are routinely available at diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 202 adults aged 18-65 years with newly diagnosed, treatment-naïve T2DM were evaluated at a tertiary university hospital between September 2024 and January 2026. Patients with anemia, mean corpuscular volume abnormalities, advanced renal impairment, acute inflammation or infection, recent transfusion, prior antidiabetic therapy, active bleeding, or hematologic malignancy were excluded. Associations between HbA1c and RDW-SD were examined using correlation, partial correlation, and hierarchical linear regression analyses. Additional analyses assessed RDW-SD across HbA1c tertiles and tested the robustness of the association after inclusion of fasting glucose.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HbA1c showed a positive correlation with RDW-SD (r = 0.664, p < 0.001), which remained essentially unchanged after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, creatinine, ferritin, and vitamin B12 (partial r = 0.662, p < 0.001). Mean RDW-SD increased stepwise across ascending HbA1c tertiles (40.40 ± 3.04, 42.96 ± 3.38, and 46.13 ± 3.85 fL; p-trend < 0.001). In hierarchical regression, HbA1c produced the largest incremental gain in explained variance (ΔR² = 0.323, p < 0.001) and remained the strongest correlate of RDW-SD in the fully adjusted model (B = 1.535, β = 0.674, p < 0.001). In sensitivity analysis, the association persisted after additional adjustment for fasting glucose.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In newly diagnosed, treatment-naïve T2DM, higher HbA1c levels were associated with greater RDW-SD. These findings are hypothesis-generating and do not establish RDW-SD as a clinical marker of glycemic burden or dysglycemia assessment.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13445724/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148387395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum anti-Müllerian hormone levels in women following bariatric surgery: insights from a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Mohammad Sharifi, Mohammad Jalaeian Dehghani, Mohammad Amin Karimi, Ali Jafari","doi":"10.1186/s12902-026-02394-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-026-02394-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of bariatric surgery on serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels in women, highlighting potential implications for ovarian reserve and fertility management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase databases up to February 2025. The included studies were observational in design (cohort, case-control, cross-sectional) and provided quantitative pre- and post-operative AMH data. Quality assessment was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, and data were analyzed using a random-effects meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 14 studies were included in the systematic review, with 591 participants contributing to the quantitative meta-analysis. The pooled results indicated that bariatric surgery did not significantly alter AMH levels overall (WMD = 0.05 ng/mL; 95% CI: -0.66, 0.75; p = 0.897), with substantial heterogeneity among effect estimates (I² = 93.9%, p < 0.001). Subgroup analyses suggested significant AMH reductions in studies with baseline AMH > 3 ng/mL, upper age limit ≤ 35 years, longer follow-up, retrospective design, smaller sample size, and South Asian populations, while a significant increase was observed in the fertile subgroup.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Bariatric surgery was not associated with a significant overall change in serum AMH levels. Findings suggest variable AMH responses across clinical and methodological contexts; however, given substantial heterogeneity and limited reproductive outcome data, these changes should be interpreted as dynamic endocrine biomarker responses rather than direct evidence of altered ovarian reserve or fertility potential.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13621544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148387409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of food addiction and its association with ghrelin and metabolic parameters in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Muhammet Fatih Şahin, Sinem Kiyici, Deniz Sigirli, Said Karaca","doi":"10.1186/s12902-026-02401-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-026-02401-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to determine the prevalence of food addiction (FA) in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and examine its associations with serum ghrelin levels and metabolic control parameters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 160 patients with a median age of 32.0 years (range: 19.0-60.0), of whom 51.3% (n = 82) were female. After recording anthropometric measurements, sociodemographic data, medical histories, and detailed physical examinations were obtained. Following an 8-hour fasting period, venous blood samples were collected to measure serum ghrelin levels and biochemical parameters. Serum ghrelin levels were assessed using the ELISA method. FA was evaluated using the modified Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (mYFAS 2.0).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FA prevalence was 25.6% (n = 41). The FA group had higher median BMI (p = 0.047), while monthly income, diabetes duration, and insulin pump use were lower (p = 0.025, p = 0.009, and p = 0.046, respectively). Age, gender, education, and metabolic control indicators (HbA1c, lipids) were similar between groups. Serum ghrelin levels did not differ based on FA status. However, ghrelin showed modest negative correlations with BMI (r=-0.171; p = 0.030), waist circumference (r=-0.256; p = 0.001), and triglycerides (r=-0.168; p = 0.033).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings indicate that the prevalence of FA is observed at considerable rates among patients with T1DM. Although no significant differences were observed in metabolic control parameters between patients with and without FA, the FA group exhibited a modestly higher BMI, suggesting a potential association between addiction-like eating behavior and adiposity in adults with T1DM.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13621618/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148381623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning-assisted prediction of obstructive sleep apnea in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a multicenter study with external validation.","authors":"Qihang Gao, Yahui Wu, Ke Lei, Tie Zhao, Yixiang Xing, Min Kang, Yun Shen","doi":"10.1186/s12902-026-02391-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-026-02391-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is closely associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) through shared metabolic and inflammatory mechanisms. Early identification of high-risk individuals remains challenging, highlighting the need for reliable predictive tools.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective multicenter study included patients with MASLD from two tertiary hospitals in China. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression combined with multivariate logistic regression was used for feature selection. Seven predictive models were constructed and compared, including logistic regression, decision tree, random forest, support vector machine, artificial neural network, XGBoost, and LightGBM. A nomogram was subsequently developed for individualized risk visualization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 310 patients from the Affiliated Heping Hospital of Changzhi Medical College were included as the development cohort, while 200 patients from Tongling People's Hospital served as the external validation cohort. LASSO regression initially identified multiple candidate predictors, and eight overlapping variables retained by both LASSO and multivariate analysis were ultimately selected, including sex, BMI, hypertension, T2DM, ALT, GGT, NLR, and TyG Index. Among the seven predictive algorithms, the logistic regression model demonstrated the most balanced performance in terms of discrimination, interpretability, calibration, and external stability. Decision curve analysis further confirmed favorable clinical utility across both cohorts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The proposed logistic regression model provides an interpretable and clinically practical tool for early prediction of OSA risk in patients with MASLD.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13621657/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148381618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}