BMC Endocrine Disorders最新文献

{"title":"Effect of liberal glucose control on critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Jiahui Ma, Xu Wang, Yan Zhang, Chunyan Ge","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-01864-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-025-01864-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Most current guideline statements support some level of unrestricted glycemic management in critically ill adult patients. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of liberal glucose control is currently not well-supported by evidence. Therefore, our objective is to investigate the influence of liberal glucose control (> 180 mg/dl) on critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Until November 23, 2023, English language literature was thoroughly and systematically searched through multiple databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Our primary endpoints of interest were the occurrence of hypoglycemia, mortality in the ICU, and mortality during hospitalization. In addition, our secondary outcomes comprised of 90-day mortality, bloodstream infections, the proportion of patients necessitating renal replacement therapy (RRT), the length of time under mechanical ventilation, duration of stay in the ICU, and length of the overall hospitalization. Weighted mean difference (WMD) and relative risk (RR) were respectively computed as overall effect size for continuous and dichotomous data and reported with their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 9 studies were incorporated, which included 14,878 patients in the ICU. Compared with other blood glucose target control groups, liberal glucose control significantly reduced the incidence of hypoglycemia (RR = 0.41; 95% CI:0.25 to 0.69; P = 0.001), but increased ICU mortality (RR = 1.23; 95% CI:1.03 to 1.48; P = 0.023), in-hospital mortality risk (RR = 1.18; 95% CI:1.03 to 1.35; P = 0.020), and the risk of requiring RRT (RR = 1.26; 95% CI:1.11 to1.42; P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Liberal glucose control can reduce the risk of hypoglycemia but increases the risks of ICU mortality, in-hospital mortality, and the requirement for RRT. To confirm the outcomes further, large-scale, high-quality clinical trials are necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"36"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143398176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the relationship between grip strength and diabetic nephropathy among U.S. adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional NHANES analysis.","authors":"Xue Chen, Yi Lin, Weisong Dong, Xiuxiu Wen, Yidan Zuo","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-01862-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-025-01862-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To examine the relationship between grip strength (GS) and diabetic nephropathy (DN).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Data on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus collected between 2011 and 2014 were obtained from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Demographic characteristics (sex, age, race, marital status, and educational level), clinical measures (smoking status, drinking status, body mass index [BMI], glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c], urinary albumin creatinine ratio [UACR], diabetes duration, and hypertension), and grip strength assessments were collected. The relationship between GS and DN was analyzed using a logistic regression model. Subgroup analyses were showed as forest plots, conducted while accounting for confounding variables. Restricted cubic splines were applied to investigate nonlinear correlations. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the robustness of the findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 1,539 participants. In the multivariate logistic regression model, the odds ratios (ORs) were 0.96 (95% CI, 0.94-0.98) in male and 0.94 (95% CI, 0.91-0.98) in female. Compared with those in the lowest quartiles, participants in the uppermost GS quartiles were less susceptible to DN in male [OR 0.35 (95% CI, 0.20-0.62)] and female [OR 0.37 (95% CI, 0.20-0.67)] (p for trend < 0.001). After adjusting for all variables, the ORs were 0.96 (95% CI, 0.94-0.98) in male and 0.94 (95% CI, 0.91-0.98) in female. Compared with those in the lowest quartiles, participants in the uppermost GS quartiles were less susceptible to DN in male [OR 0.35 (95% CI, 0.20-0.62)] (p for trend < 0.001) and female [OR 0.37 (95% CI, 0.20-0.67)] (p for trend < 0.001). Subgroup analysis demonstrated a reliable connection between GS and DN (all p for interaction > 0.05). We discovered a nonlinear relationship between GS and DN in both male and female participants (all p for nonlinearity < 0.05). More precisely, the data revealed L-shaped relationship and inverted-S relation in male and female participants, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this cross-sectional study using NHANES data indicated a potential negative association between GS and DN. Additional extensive studies are necessary to elucidate these trends.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"35"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143398273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect and safety of pemafibrate for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertriglyceridemia: a retrospective analysis of clinical data.","authors":"Aki Okamoto, Hirohide Yokokawa, Tomoko Nagamine, Kento Goto, Hiroshi Fukuda, Teruhiko Hisaoka, Toshio Naito","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-01872-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-025-01872-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Fibrates are suitable for the treatment of patients with high triglyceride (TG) levels. Although pemafibrate (PEMA) has been reported to have beneficial and pleiotropic actions, clinical examinations of the efficacy of PEMA for Japanese patients with hypertriglyceridemia are still limited in actual clinical settings. The aim was to evaluate the efficacy of PEMA by analyzing data from diabetic patients treated with PEMA in clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertriglyceridemia who were started on PEMA for at least 3 months were included in the analysis. Changes in lipid metabolism, liver function, renal function, and blood tests from before to after 3 months of PEMA treatment were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 100 eligible patients were included in the analysis (72 males, mean age 52.9 years). TG levels decreased significantly, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels increased significantly after 3 months of therapy. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were not significantly changed. Liver-related parameters showed a significant decrease. In addition, a significant decrease in creatinine levels was found in patients switching from other fibrates. There were no severe adverse events.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PEMA showed beneficial effects on lipid metabolism and liver function. The improvement of lipid metabolism was found in patients switching from other fibrates. It is possible that PEMA may improve lipid metabolism in patients with hypertriglyceridemia.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"34"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143398226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary and plasma atherogenic and thrombogenic indices and cardiometabolic risk factors among overweight and individuals with obesity.","authors":"Reyhaneh Mokhtari, Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-01844-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-025-01844-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obesity and hyperlipidemia are the two central metabolic disorders linked to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Apart from dyslipidemia, the Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP), which is associated with dietary consumption, is another marker for predicting the risk of CVD. Healthy fat quality indicators may impact AIP. The purpose of this study is to ascertain whether there is any connection between Iranian obese people's plasma and dietary indices and cardiometabolic risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study, consisted of 645 overweight and obese participants. The study included assessments of body composition and anthropometric measurements. Dietary fatty acid consumption was evaluated using a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) containing 168 items. Additionally, biochemical parameters, including serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), fasting serum glucose (FSG), and insulin levels, were measured using enzymatic methods. The lipid profile was quantified.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For participants in higher tertiles of the AIP, the percentage of men was significantly higher than women (men: 48.1%, women: 51.7%, p < 0.001). Additionally, individuals in higher tertiles of AIP had a higher waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (mean WHR: 0.92 ± 0.05 vs. 0.86 ± 0.04 in lower tertile, p < 0.001). Participants in the highest tertile of AIP had higher systolic blood pressure (SBP: 132 ± 8 mmHg vs. 118 ± 6 mmHg in lower tertile, p < 0.001), total cholesterol (TC: 210 ± 15 mg/dL vs. 185 ± 12 mg/dL, p < 0.001), triglycerides (TG: 180 ± 20 mg/dL vs. 120 ± 15 mg/dL, p < 0.001), and glucose concentrations (fasting glucose: 105 ± 10 mg/dL vs. 90 ± 8 mg/dL, p < 0.001). Participants in the lower tertile of AIP had higher HDL cholesterol levels (HDL: 60 ± 5 mg/dL vs. 45 ± 4 mg/dL in higher tertile, p < 0.001). In the model for Thrombogenicity Index (TI), participants in the higher tertile had higher glucose concentrations (glucose: 110 ± 12 mg/dL vs. 95 ± 9 mg/dL in lower tertile, p = 0.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This research introduces a novel field of investigation and emphasizes the possible importance of TI, AI, and AIP indices in regulating cardiometabolic risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"33"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11806880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple low-dose radiation ameliorates type-2 diabetes mellitus via gut microbiota modulation to activate TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway.","authors":"Lijing Qin, Rongrong Liu, Zhen Jia, Weiqiang Xu, Li Wang, Hongyuan Tian, Xinru Lian, Wen Li, Yali Qi, Huan He, Zhicheng Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-01861-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-025-01861-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the fastest-growing metabolic disease in the world. The gut microbiota is linked to T2DM. Recent studies have showed that the metabolism of gut microbiota can trigger T2DM. Low dose radiation (LDR) has been proved to activate various protective bioeffects on diabetes. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, T2DM model was established using high fat diet combined with streptozocin (STZ) injection in C57BL/6 mice, and then exposed to multiple 75 mGy LDR every other day for one month. The changes of blood glucose levels, body weight, and the damage of pancreas were measured. In addition, 16 S rDNA amplicon sequencing was used to detect gut microbiota alteration. Metabolic profiling was carried out using the liquid mass spectrometry system, followed by the combinative analysis of gut microbiota alteration. Furthermore, the inflammatory factors and related pathways were detected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that LDR attenuate blood glucose levels and the weights of body in T2DM mice, and reduce pancreas impairment. In addition, in the gut, LDR regulated the relative abundance of Bacilli, Desulfobacterota, Verrucomicrobiota, and Proteobacteria. The non-target metabolomics analysis found that LDR significantly improve the metabolic abnormalities in T2DM, which is closely related to the gut microbiota abundance. Furthermore, the inflammatory effects activated by TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathways in T2DM were ameliorated by LDR.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results suggest that LDR may exert a beneficial role in T2DM by modulating gut microbiota and metabolites, especially in TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"32"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11804101/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum uric acid to creatinine ratio as a predictor of insulin resistance, β cell function, and metabolic syndrome in normal Korean adults: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Misuk Oh, Soo Hyun Cho","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-01860-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-025-01860-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to determine the relations between serum uric acid to creatinine ratio(SUA/Cr) and insulin resistance, pancreatic β cell function, and outbreak of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in normal Korean participants.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study included 14,984 participants without diabetes mellitus or gout who participated in the 2019-2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. To evaluate insulin resistance and β cell function, the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) was used. Insulin resistance was suggested by HOMA-IR, and β cell function was presented as HOMA-β. Multivariate logistic linear regression analysis was used to identify the factors affecting HOMA-IR, HOMA-β, and MetS. Cut-off values of SUA/Cr to predict insulin resistance, β cell dysfunction, and MetS risk were also been suggested.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Consequent to dividing SUA/Cr into tertiles, the higher the SUA/Cr, the higher the HOMA-IR and dysfunction of β cell, and the rate of MetS increased (p < 0.05). SUA/Cr was associated with insulin resistance, β cell function, and existence of MetS (adjusted odds ratio [OR]; 1.231 [95% confidence interval [CI]; 1.204-1.259], 1.033 [1.011-1.057], and 1.065 [1.026-1.106], respectively). In addition, the group with the clinical significance was the 3rd tertile. In this group, insulin resistance, β cell dysfunction, and MetS risk could be predicted when SUA/Cr value was 8.2716, 8.8710, and 7.9762, respectively. Based on the total number of people, meaningful SUA/Cr values were 7.0175, 6.7925, and 6.9369.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The SUA/Cr may be a useful marker for predicting the insulin resistance, β cell function and incidence of MetS in normal Korean participants.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"31"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11796277/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143254846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of biochemical and structural response to medical therapy in patients with active acromegaly following surgery: a real-world perspective.","authors":"Maryam Rafieemanesh, Manizhe Ataee Kachuee, Ali Zare Mehrjardi, Alireza Khajavi, Mohammad Ghorbani, Mohammad Reza Mohajeri-Tehrani, Nahid Hashemi-Madani, Mohammad E Khamseh","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-01856-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-025-01856-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Somatostatin receptor analogs (SRAs) and dopamine agonists (DAs) are the main medical treatments for patients with acromegaly who fail to achieve remission after surgery. We aimed to explore the potential role of select clinical, biochemical, and radiological factors in predicting biochemical and structural responses to medical therapy in a real-world setting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included 58 patients with active acromegaly following surgery treated with Octreotide long-acting release (LAR) (± Cabergoline). Biochemical outcomes were defined as the tight biochemical response (TBR; normal insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)) and biochemical control (BC; IGF-1 ≤ 1.2 upper limit of normal (ULN)). The structural response was defined as > 25% reduction in one dimension of the tumor at the last visit. Univariate and multivariate analyses assessed the predictors of biochemical and structural response.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the participants was 41.5 ± 11.7 years. They were followed for a median of 27.6 (19.2-43.2) months. At the last visit, TBR and BC were achieved in 48.3% and 51.7% of the patients. Moreover, 51.4% of the patients showed a structural response. Applying the age-sex adjusted model, post-operative IGF-1 was inversely associated with TBR [OR 0.34, P = 0.006] and BC [OR 0.30, P = 0.004]. Moreover, Knosp grading < 3 compared to ≥ 3, and T2-hypointensity compared to the non-T2-hypointensity were associated with higher odds of TBR [OR 3.98, P = 0.04], [OR 27.63, P = 0.01], and BC [OR 5.80, P = 0.01], [OR 35.15, P = 0.01], respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Post-operative IGF-1, Knosp grading, and T2-hypointensity could be considered for an individualized treatment plan in acromegaly. Accordingly, we propose an individual multidisciplinary treatment approach for patients not achieving remission after surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"30"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11789350/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143122141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prescription pattern, glycemic control status, and predictors of poor glycemic control among diabetic patients with comorbid chronic kidney disease in Ethiopia: a facility-based cross-sectional study.","authors":"Oumer Sada Muhammed, Minimize Hassen, Samuel Mamusha","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-01853-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-025-01853-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Achieving optimal glycemic control is vital for managing diabetes mellitus and preventing its complications, yet it is particularly challenging for individuals with diabetes and concurrent chronic kidney disease. Chronic kidney disease disrupts glucose metabolism and excretion, leading to pronounced and variable blood glucose fluctuations, thereby complicating diabetes management. So far, the intricate impact of chronic kidney disease on the glycemic control status of diabetic patients remains obscure, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa where both diseases pose an escalating burden.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess prescription patterns, glycemic control status, and the contributing factors to poor glycemic control among diabetic patients with comorbid chronic kidney disease at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 15 to May 15, 2024, from the electronic medical records of diabetic patients with comorbid chronic kidney disease who had received regular treatment and follow-up at the adult diabetes mellitus clinic of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital. The sample size was calculated by using a single population proportion formula and accordingly, a total of 384 patients were recruited randomly and enrolled in this study. Descriptive statistics was employed for analyzing quantitative variables. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of poor glycemic control status. Statistical significance was established at p-value < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study found that 98.2% of patients had type 2 diabetes, with a mean diabetes duration of 16.36 years. Only 4.4% achieved good glycemic control (glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c] < 7%), while 95.6% had poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥ 7%). Insulin, metformin, and sodium glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors were the most frequently prescribed anti-diabetic drug classes which accounted for 80.2%, 59.1%, and 41.4%, respectively. Presence of hypertension (AOR: 3.70, 95% CI: 1.08-12.71, P = 0.038) and regimen change in the past 01year (AOR: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.11-1.01, P = 0.050) were predictors of poor glycemic control status.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study reveals significant challenges in glycemic control among diabetic patients with comorbid chronic kidney disease (CKD). With only 4.4% of participants achieving optimal HbA1c levels, the findings underscore a critical public health concern regarding the management of diabetes in this vulnerable population.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"28"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11789317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143122143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between the dietary inflammatory index during pregnancy and risk of gestational diabetes: a prospective cohort study and a meta-analysis.","authors":"Nastaran Payandeh, Hossein Shahinfar, Ahmad Jayedi, Majid Mirmohammadkhani, Alireza Emadi, Sakineh Shab-Bidar","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-01852-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-025-01852-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>To examine the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective birth cohort study was conducted in Iran. During the first trimester of pregnancy, food intake was measured using a food frequency questionnaire. Each participant's DII score was calculated, and then, the Cox proportional hazard model was used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% CI of GDM across the quartiles of DII. We systematically searched the literature to conduct a meta-analysis of observational studies (PROSPERO: CRD42022331703). To estimate the summary relative risk for the highest versus lowest category of DII, a random-effects meta-analysis was performed. The certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the prospective cohort study (n = 635 pregnant mothers), the multivariable HRs of GDM for the third and fourth quartiles of DII were 2.98 (95%CI: 1.98, 6.46) and 2.72 (95%CI: 1.11, 6.63), respectively. Based on a meta-analysis of six prospective cohorts and a case-control study (1014 cases of GDM in 7027 pregnant mothers), being in the highest category of the DII was associated with a 27% higher risk of GDM (relative risk: 1.27, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.59; I² = 50%; low certainty of evidence). A dose-response meta-analysis suggested a positive monotonic association between DII and GDM risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our prospective cohort demonstrated a positive correlation between GDM risk and the inflammatory potential of diet in the first trimester of pregnancy. The results need to be confirmed by larger cohort studies.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"29"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11789316/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143122089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the morbidity characteristics and related factors of pulmonary nodules in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective study.","authors":"Jie Yang, Wenna Wang, Yizhen Lu, Chunyao Li, Shuwu Wei, Weiwei Sun","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-01857-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-025-01857-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze the characteristics of pulmonary nodules (PNs) and related influencing factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospectively analyzed the clinical and biochemical characteristics of 224 patients with PNs and 488 patients with non-PNs in patients with T2DM, and compared the clinical data of 72 patients with large nodules (≥ 5 mm) and 152 patients with small nodules (< 5 mm) in the pulmonary nodules (PNs) group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to the non-PNs group, the PNs Patients in the group had a longer duration of diabetes, higher age, serum creatinine (SCR), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and the lower albumin (ALB) and body mass index (BMI); women, diabetic retinopathy (DR), diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 ml/min1.73m² were more represented in the PNs group; there were fewer patients with overweight in the PNs group. Age and eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73m² were independent risk factors for PNs in patients with T2DM, and overweight was associated with a reduced risk of PNs. Compared with the small nodule group, patients in the large nodule group had higher fasting blood glucose (FBG) and lower fasting insulin (FINS); meanwhile, patients with decreased homeostasis model assessment-β (HOMA-β) and high smoking index (SI) were higher in the large nodule group; decreased HOMA-β and high SI were independent risk factors for large nodules.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Age and eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73m² were independent risk factors for pulmonary nodules in patients with T2DM, and overweight may be a protective factor. Moreover, decreased islet B-cell function and smoking may contribute to the presence of PNs with a diameter of over 5 mm.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11780996/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143063769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}