BMC Endocrine Disorders最新文献

{"title":"Correction: Unusual nodular goiter with recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy due to severe degeneration caused by intense chronic inflammation: a case report with histopathological evidence and review of the literature.","authors":"Ryo Takagi, Kosei Mori, Sayumi Tsuyuguchi, Takashi Koike, Dinh Nam Nguyen, Kengo Kanai, Yoshihiro Watanabe, Mitsuhiro Okano, Yoshihiro Noguchi, Yuichiro Hayashi, Yorihisa Imanishi","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-01963-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-025-01963-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"147"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12153188/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144274230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating miR-4454 as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of T2DM and the prediction value of comorbidity and complications in T2DM.","authors":"Song Yang, Mei Wang, Qin Deng","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-01964-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-025-01964-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>T2DM (type 2 diabetes mellitus) is a chronic metabolic disease that seriously affects human health. Abnormal expression of microRNAs has been reported to play an important role in disease diagnosis. This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of miR-4454 for T2DM and possible risk factors for comorbidity and complications (CC) of T2DM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Baseline information was collected from a total of 206 subjects including 109 T2DM patients (T2DM group) and 97 healthy individuals (healthy control group), and miR-4454 expression levels were assessed by qRT-PCR. A chi-squared test and a t-test were used to assess the difference in miR-4454 expression of T2DM and healthy subjects. The predictive value of miR-4454 on T2DM was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC). Potential risk factors for CC of T2DM were predicted by multivariate logistic regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant downregulation of miR-4454 was observed in the T2DM group. The predictive value of miR-4454 for T2DM was verified by the ROC curve. MiR-4454 expression in the T2DM group was negatively correlated with fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), homeostasis model-insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and positively correlated with the levels of adiponectin (ADI) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ). Multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that miR-4454, FBG, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, TC, TG, and LDL-C could be considered risk factors for CC of T2DM.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The expression level of miR-4454 showed a diagnostic value for T2DM and could serve as a risk factor for the occurrence of CC in T2DM.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"144"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12147240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144257367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Latent class analysis for quality of life status, sleep quality and anxiety in patients with type 2 diabetes.","authors":"Roya Farokhi, Farzaneh Rezaei, Sima Afrashteh, Davoud Adham, Somaieh Matin, Nategh Abbasgholizadeh, Abbas Abbasi-Ghahramanloo","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-01970-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-025-01970-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic metabolic disorder that is associated with reduced sleep quality and anxiety, and can cause a decrease in quality of life in these patients. Despite previous studies investigating these factors, few studies have examined their co-occurrence in these patients. To address this research gap, the present study aimed to determine the subgroups of patients with type 2 diabetes based on quality of life, sleep quality, and anxiety in the subgroups of using latent class analysis (LCA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted using multistage random sampling. A total of 308 patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly selected from health centers in Ardabil. All participants completed four sets of checklists and questionnaires, (Demographic characteristics, 12-item Short Form survey, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item). Data analysis was performed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), chi square and latent class analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three latent classes were identified: The first class (good status) included 56.4% of the participants. Also, the second (moderate status) and third (poor status) classes described 16.5% and 27.1% of the participants, respectively. In latent class 1, the probability of having good quality of life and good sleep quality was higher. In latent class 2, the probability of having moderate quality of life and poor sleep quality was higher. However, these patients revealed no anxiety. Those with third latent class membership were more likely to have moderate quality of life, poor sleep quality, and severe anxiety.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed that sleep quality and anxiety is positively related to quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes. In addition, this study indicated the co-occurrence of sleep quality and anxiety in these patients. Based on these findings, effective and targeted interventions can be designed to improve the health status and quality of life of these patients, taking into account sleep quality and anxiety.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"146"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12147239/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144257370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical characteristics and outcomes in patients with diabetes mellitus affected by COVID-19: a retrospective cross-sectional study from a tertiary care center in Pakistan.","authors":"Asma Ahmed, Salaar Ahmed, Manahil Tariq Malik, Maheen Zahid, Muhammad Abdullah, Shamila Ladak, Maliha Taufiq, Faiza Qureshi, Ayesha Ali, Shalni Golani, Kinza Jawed, Sajjan Raja, Maha Chaipiwala","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-01908-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-025-01908-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, emerged in December 2019 and quickly became a global public health concern. Diabetes, a major risk factor for severe COVID-19, affects 537 million people worldwide, with high prevalence in low- and middle-income countries like Pakistan. Studies show diabetes increases the risk of severe COVID-19 complications and mortality. However, there is limited data on COVID-19 outcomes in diabetic patients in Pakistan. This study aims to fill this gap and examine factors affecting outcomes in this population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study at The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, encompassing 2,346 confirmed COVID-19 patients from February 26, 2020, to September 6, 2021. Data on diabetic status, following ADA guidelines and other clinical outcomes were collected from medical records and patient interviews. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS V.25.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,342 patients were included, with 864 males (64.4%) and 478 females (35.6%). The mean age was 56.59 ± 15.55 years. SARS-CoV-2 infection was the primary diagnosis for 741 patients (55.2%), while 601 patients (44.8%) had it as a secondary diagnosis. Of the total, 348 patients (25.9%) had T2DM, 2 patients (0.15%) had T1DM, and 991 patients (73.8%) were non-diabetic. The mean duration of diabetes was 2.01 ± 1.32 years. Diabetic patients had a significantly shorter mean hospital stay (4.99 ± 4.46 days) compared to non-diabetic patients (6.79 ± 7.32 days) (p < 0.001). The overall discharge rate was 70.3%, with a mortality rate of 10.7%. T2DM was associated with lower in-hospital mortality (p < 0.001) but higher rates of ARDS (p < 0.001). There was no significant association between T2DM and the risk of pulmonary aspergillosis, pulmonary embolism, or septic shock. Higher financial class was associated with longer hospital stays and a greater likelihood of being discharged home (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, our study highlights the heightened susceptibility of COVID-19 patients with concurrent T1DM and T2DM to developing ARDS. Despite no significant association found between diabetes and adverse outcomes, the crucial role of tailored care for high-risk groups, particularly those with diabetes, cannot be overstated.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"143"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12147293/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144257368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do stylet needles improve diagnostic accuracy in thyroid fine-needle aspiration? A retrospective analysis.","authors":"Pengfei Luo, Wei Ma, Dahai Jiao","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-01971-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-025-01971-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Compared to syringe needles, stylet needles are hypothesized to enhance the specimen adequacy of thyroid fine needle aspiration (FNA) by potentially minimizing blood contamination. However, this hypothesis lacks robust evidence for substantiation. Additionally, the substantially higher cost of stylet needles (often several orders of magnitude greater than syringe needles) raises concerns about increased procedural expenses. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of thyroid FNA using stylet versus syringe needles in a large cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective analysis included 4793 FNA procedures (2088 using stylet needles and 2705 using syringe needles) performed by five operators. The primary outcome was specimen adequacy. Secondary outcomes included sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences were found between stylet and syringe needle FNA for specimen adequacy (85.34% vs. 87.13%), sensitivity (95.24% vs. 96.99%), specificity (78.57% vs. 78.05%), diagnostic accuracy (93.96% vs. 95.07%), PPV (98.16% vs. 97.52%), or NPV (57.89% vs. 74.42%). Performance metrics for both methods were also not significantly different within each operator's data.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study found no significant benefit of stylet needles over syringe needles regarding specimen adequacy or diagnostic yield in thyroid FNA.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"145"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12147323/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144257369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A J-shaped association between the atherogenic index of plasma and diabetes risk in a Japanese population: a large-scale retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Dong Liu, Mingxing Lou, Yue Tang, Cheng Li, Hao He","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-01951-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-025-01951-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Atherosclerotic dyslipidemia has been linked to an increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). While previous studies have established an association between the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and insulin resistance, there is a notable lack of large-scale cohort studies examining the relationship between AIP and the risk of T2D in the general population. Therefore, the present longitudinal study aims to examine the association between AIP and the risk of T2D in a cohort of Japanese adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included a total of 15,453 adults. To evaluate the association between the AIP and the risk of developing T2D, hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression models. Furthermore, potential nonlinear relationships were explored through Cox proportional hazards regression combined with smooth curve fitting techniques.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a mean follow-up period of 6.05 years, 373 adults developed T2D. Elevated AIP was independently associated with a significantly higher risk of T2D after adjusting for potential confounding factors (HR: 2.23, 95% CI: 1.55-3.20, P < 0.0001). Furthermore, a J-shaped relationship between AIP and the incidence of T2D was observed. When AIP levels were below - 0.45, no statistically significant association was found between AIP and T2D risk (HR: 0.35, 95% CI: 0.06-1.95, P = 0.2298). In contrast, AIP levels exceeding this threshold were positively associated with an increased risk of T2D (HR: 2.61, 95% CI: 1.77-3.85, P < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The AIP demonstrates a J-shaped relationship with the risk of developing T2D in Japanese adults. Consequently, maintaining AIP levels below the identified threshold (-0.45) may help reduce their chances of developing diabetes.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"141"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12143047/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144246383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening accuracy of Single-Point Insulin Sensitivity Estimator (SPISE) for metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Alireza Azarboo, Parisa Fallahtafti, Sayeh Jalali, Amirhossein Shirinezhad, Ramin Assempoor, Amirhossein Ghaseminejad-Raeini","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-01957-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-025-01957-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a multifactorial condition linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. The Single-Point Insulin Sensitivity Estimator (SPISE), a non-invasive index calculated via 600 × HDL-C^0.185 / (TG^0.2 × BMI^1.338), offers a practical alternative. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the accuracy of SPISE as an indicator for MetS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis following PRISMA guidelines. We searched databases such as MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase, focusing on studies evaluating SPISE's screening accuracy for MetS. Eligible studies were observational, reporting mean SPISE values and its predictive performance. Meta-analyses were performed using Hedges' g standardized mean differences (SMD) and pooled area under the curve (AUC) estimates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven studies comprising 12,919 participants were included, with an age range of 9.2 ± 2.1 to 52.4 ± 11.0. Individuals with MetS had significantly lower SPISE scores than controls (SMD = -0.94, 95% CI: -1.25 to -0.63). The pooled AUC for SPISE as a predictor of MetS was 0.86 (95% CI: 0.83 to 0.90), surpassing other insulin resistance indices like HOMA-IR and the triglyceride/HDL-C ratio. Meta-regression showed that systolic and diastolic blood pressure were potential sources of heterogeneity and age, gender, BMI, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, and HDL did not contribute to heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SPISE is a highly accurate and non-invasive tool for predicting MetS, potentially outperforming traditional indices like HOMA-IR. Its ease of use and precision make it a valuable clinical screening tool, especially in diverse populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"142"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12142846/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144246461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating leptin levels in thyroid dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Shanshan Liu, Jun Ma, Leyuan Zhang, Yanlong Yang, Ziqi Han, Limin Tian","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-01943-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-025-01943-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Leptin is an important regulator of energy homeostasis, analogous to thyroid hormone (TH). The purpose of this study was to investigate circulating leptin levels in thyroid dysfunction (TD) patients and the role of TH levels.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The electronic databases PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were independently searched by two researchers, from inception until February 3, 2024, and updated on February 15, 2025. Pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated by the random effects model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-eight studies reported circulating leptin levels in TD and control with euthyroidism, 4295 subjects were included in total, of which 1277 were hypothyroidism, 540 were hyperthyroidism, and 2478 were control. Compared to euthyroidism, leptin levels were significantly higher in hypothyroidism, and not significantly altered in hyperthyroidism (SMD [95%CI] = 0.71 [0.38, 1.04] and -0.03 [-0.57, 0.51], respectively). The subgroup analysis indicated that, compared to euthyroidism, leptin levels were significantly higher in subjects regardless of overt and subclinical hypothyroidism (SMD [95%CI] = 0.76 [0.25, 1.26] and 0.41 [0.11, 0.70], respectively), and not significantly different in overt hyperthyroidism (SMD [95%CI] = -0.14 [-0.74, 0.45]). Furthermore, when compared to age-, gender-, and body mass index (BMI)-matched euthyroidism, leptin levels were significantly higher in hypothyroidism and had no significant difference in hyperthyroidism (SMD [95%CI] = 0.66 [0.24, 1.07] and -0.43 [-1.13, 0.27], respectively). A total of 16 studies analyzed the correlations between leptin levels and TH levels in TD, 488 were hypothyroidism and 206 were hyperthyroidism. Following correlation analysis, leptin levels displayed a positive correlation with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels (r = 0.19) and a negative correlation with triiodothyronine (T3) levels (r = -0.40) in TD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compared to euthyroidism, circulating leptin levels were significantly higher in hypothyroidism, and not significantly altered in hyperthyroidism. Besides, leptin levels in TD may be directly regulated by TSH and T3 levels, independent of BMI.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>CRD42024561055.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"140"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12142830/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144246384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevated estimated pulse wave velocity and the risk of type 2 diabetes in non-obese young adults: a longitudinal cohort study.","authors":"Chunxia Zhang, Li Chen, Ri Liu","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-01967-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-025-01967-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Arterial stiffness (AS), measured by estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV), is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in older and obese individuals. However, the role of AS as an early predictor of T2DM in non-obese, young adults remains underexplored. Identifying alternative predictors like AS is crucial for detecting diabetes onset in non-obese and younger populations who may not exhibit traditional risk factors such as high body mass index (BMI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cohort of 9,543 non-obese participants aged 18-49 years from the NAGALA dataset was followed over a median period of 6.3 years. Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the association between ePWV and T2DM risk, adjusting for multiple covariates, including age, sex, BMI, alcohol consumption, smoking status, and metabolic markers. Subgroup analyses were conducted to evaluate the stability of the association across different groups. Additionally, ROC curve analysis was performed to assess the predictive power of ePWV in T2DM risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 110 participants developed T2DM during follow-up. Elevated ePWV was associated with increased T2DM risk (HR 1.36, 95% CI: 1.05-1.75, P = 0.018), even after adjusting for multiple covariates. The ROC analysis demonstrated that the inclusion of ePWV in the predictive model (sex + BMI + diastolic blood pressure (DBP) + ePWV) improved the predictive power for T2DM risk, with AUC values increasing in comparison to the model using sex, BMI and DBP alone (10-year AUC: 0.734 vs. 0.679, P = 0.016). Subgroup analyses showed that the association between ePWV and T2DM risk was consistent across sex, age, alcohol consumption, and smoking status.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Elevated ePWV independently correlates with a higher risk of T2DM in non-obese young adults. This study investigates the relationship between elevated arterial stiffness (AS), measured by estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV), and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in non-obese young adults. While AS has been linked to higher T2DM risk in older or obese individuals, this study uniquely focuses on non-obese young adults, a group not typically associated with high diabetes risk. By analyzing data from over 9,500 participants, the research found that even in individuals with a normal body mass index (BMI), higher ePWV is significantly associated with an increased risk of T2DM. This suggests that measuring ePWV could help detect early diabetes risk in people who may not exhibit traditional risk factors, such as high BMI. The findings highlight the importance of vascular health in prevention of diabetes and propose ePWV as a potential tool for early detection in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"139"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12143030/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case-control study combined with machine learning techniques to identify key genetic variations in GSK3B that affect susceptibility to diabetic kidney diseases.","authors":"Jinfang Song, Yi Xu, Liu Xu, Tingting Yang, Ya Chen, Changjiang Ying, Qian Lu, Tao Wang, Xiaoxing Yin","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-01960-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-025-01960-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The role of genetic susceptibility in early warning and precise treatment of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) requires further investigation. A case-control study was conducted to evaluate the predictive effect of GSK3B genetic polymorphisms on the susceptibility to DKD, with the aim of providing a theoretical basis and laboratory rationale for the prediction of the risk of developing DKD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The GSK3B genotyping was performed by SNaPshot method based on Genotype-Tissue Expression database and thousand genomes database to screen tag SNPs. The polymorphisms of GSK3B tag SNPs were statistically analyzed for their effects on DKD susceptibility and clinical indicators. Urinary exosomes from DKD patients were extracted, protein expression levels of GSK3β were detected by ELISA kits, and kinase activity of GSK3β was quantified by kinase activity spectrometry to evaluate the correlation between the gene polymorphisms of GSK3B and the expression levels and activities of GSK3β. A machine learning model was constructed for assessing the efficacy of GSK3B polymorphisms in predicting the risk of developing DKD in patients with T2DM. A total of 800 subjects who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the case-control study, including 200 healthy control subjects, 300 patients with T2DM and 300 patients with DKD. Genetic analysis identified five tag SNPs (rs60393216, rs3732361, rs2199503, rs1488766, and rs59669360) associated with the susceptibility to DKD. The protein level and activity of GSK3β were significantly elevated in DKD patients. On the other hand, the expression levels and kinase activity of GSK3β in exosomes differed significantly between patients with different genotypes of the GSK3B, suggesting that the effect of GSK3B gene polymorphisms on GSK3β expression and activity may be an important mechanism leading to individual differences in susceptibility to DKD. XG Boost algorithm model identified rs60393216 and rs1488766 as important biomarkers for clinical early warning of DKD.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"138"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12139228/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}