BMC Endocrine Disorders最新文献

{"title":"Understanding the relationship between the frequency of HbA1c monitoring, HbA1c changes over time, and the achievement of targets: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Elton Mukonda, Diederick J van der Westhuizen, Joel A Dave, Susan Cleary, Luke Hannan, Jody A Rusch, Maia Lesosky","doi":"10.1186/s12902-024-01816-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-024-01816-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The goal of post-diagnosis diabetes management is the achievement and maintenance of glycaemic control. Most clinical practice guidelines recommend 3-6 monthly HbA1c monitoring. Despite this guidance, there are few data supporting the impact of monitoring frequency on clinical outcomes, particularly from low- and middle-income country settings. This study evaluates the short-term impact of HbA1c monitoring intervals on changes in HbA1c levels, and the impact of adherence to monitoring recommendations on the achievement of HbA1c targets and HbA1c changes over time in a South African cohort.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>The study utilised routinely collected HbA1c test data on patients with diabetes aged ≥ 18 years in the Western and Northern Cape between 2015 and 2020. Two properties were calculated for each patient: the retest interval (the duration between consecutive HbA1c tests), and the monitoring adherence rate, which represents the proportion of retest intervals that met South Africa's guideline recommendations. Mean changes in HbA1c by the retest interval were used to highlight the short-term impact of monitoring, while multistate modelling and linear mixed-effects modelling were then used to examine the effect of monitoring adherence on the achievement of glycaemic control targets and longitudinal changes in HbA1c.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 132,859 diabetes patients with repeat tests had a median of three HbA1c test requests, a median follow-up time of 2.3 years and a median retest interval of 10.3 months. A retest interval 2-4 months maximised the downward trajectory in HbA1c, while individuals with low adherence to the monitoring guidelines were the least likely to achieve glycaemic control in one year. Moreover, patients with low monitoring adherence had higher mean HbA1c levels compared to patients with moderate or high monitoring adherence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results from this study illustrate the importance of adherence to monitoring recommendations as adherent patients had better glycaemic control and lower mean HbA1c levels over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142930298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydroxychloroquine enhances insulin sensitivity and ameliorates abnormal lipid metabolism in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome.","authors":"Ruihan Wang, Shanqin Qi, Qi Wang, Jiajia Lang, Conghui Pang, Kehua Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12902-024-01827-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-024-01827-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is frequently utilized in rheumatic immune disorders and has been discovered to exert hypoglycemic effects in some obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS), however, the precise efficacy and mechanism of action remain ambiguous.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the impact of HCQ on glucose and lipid metabolism as well as sex hormone levels in obese women with PCOS.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Fifty obese women with PCOS were randomly allocated into two groups: HCQ group (n = 25) and metformin (MET) group (n = 25). The HCQ group received a daily dose of 200 mg hydroxychloroquine, while the MET group received a daily dose of 1000 mg metformin. Body fat parameters, glucose and lipid metabolism levels, as well as hormone levels were evaluated. Additionally, the incidence of pregnancy within six months following treatment was also assessed. Network pharmacology was also employed to analyze the potential molecular mechanism.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Patients in the HCQ group (n = 20) and MET group (n = 23) were ultimately included for analysis. Following treatment, both groups exhibited significant improvements in body fat distribution and glucose metabolism status, with the HCQ group demonstrating a notable advantage over the MET group in increasing insulin sensitivity index (ISI)(HCQ:1.87 ± 0.21,MET:1.75 ± 0.29). Serum lipid levels [Serum total cholesterol(TC, mmol/L)(HCQ:4.51 ± 0.87,MET:5.05 ± 0.65), triglyceride(TG, mmol/L)(HCQ:1.36 ± 0.51,MET:1.67 ± 0.72), low-density lipoprotein (LDL, mmol/L)(HCQ:2.66 ± 0.98,MET:0.47 ± 1.42),decreased in both groups post-treatment, with the HCQ group displaying clear advantages compared to the MET group. The improvement of sex hormone levels was not pronounced in either group, although there was an overall downward trend.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The potential benefits of HCQ in the management of in obese women with PCOS include significant improvements in body fat distribution, glucose and lipid metabolism levels, as well as correction of hormonal disorders.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>The study was officially registered as a clinical trial on April 17, 2022, with the registration number ChiCTR2200058816. https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=160099 .</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11697925/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142920601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulation of hormonal, metabolic, inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in women with polycystic ovary syndrome following combined (resistant and endurance) training: a randomized controlled trail.","authors":"Masoud Nasiri, Amirabbas Monazzami, Solmaz Alavimilani, Zatollah Asemi","doi":"10.1186/s12902-024-01793-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-024-01793-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a frequent disorder among women. Exercise training has been known as an effective treatment for this disorder; however, there is small amount of evidence examining the optimal exercise programs. We evaluated the function of combined (COM) training on metabolic, hormonal parameters, and biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation in PCOS patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 30 women with PCOS divided (age: 23.8 ± 5.3 years, height:162.8 ± 4.9 cm, weight: 82.4 ± 9.7 kg, body mass index: 30.3 ± 3.9 kg/m²) into two groups to receive COM training intervention (n = 15) or control group (n = 15) for eight weeks. At the baseline and end-of-intervention, metabolic profiles including fasting plasma glucose, insulin, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), lipid profiles, testosterone, free androgen index (FAI), sex hormone binding globulin, anti-Müllerian hormone, malondialdehyde, total antioxidant capacity, and high Sensitive-C reactive protein were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After eight-week intervention in training group, insulin (P < 0.001), HOMA-IR (P < 0.001), total cholesterol (P < 0.001), LDL-cholesterol (P < 0.001), total testosterone (P < 0.001), AMH ( P = 0.02),MDA (P = 0.04) and FAI (P < 0.001) were significantly decreased, while QUICKI (P = 0.002) was remarkably increased compared with the control group. Moreover, findings showed that there are no significant differences in other variables in the training group compared to the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We concluded that combined training is an effective training protocol (50%-70% 1RM for strength training and 60%-70 THR for endurance training) for treatment of PCOS, although further studies are needed to reach comprehensive data regarding the design of exercise protocols with different intensity and volume for PCOS patients.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Registered retrospectively in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20130812014333N143) on March 22, 2020. Access at https://en.irct.ir/trial/46295 .</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11697657/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142920610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between allergic rhinitis and development of autoimmune thyroid diseases in Egyptian patients.","authors":"Magdy Mohamed Allam, Soha Magdy Ahmed, Dalia Khamis El-Deeb, Ahmed Yassin Bahgat, Ramy Mohamed Ghazy, Hanaa Tarek El-Zawawy","doi":"10.1186/s12902-024-01685-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-024-01685-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) and allergic rhinitis (AR) are prevalent conditions; however, limited research has investigated their association. This study aimed to evaluate whether AR can be considered a risk factor for developing AITD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study analyzed the records of AITD patients who visited Alexandria University Students Hospital between January 2017 and December 2021. The parameters included in the study were thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), Free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb), thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAb), eosinophils count, and IgE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 4,515 eligible patients, 41.7% were diagnosed with AR in addition to AITD. Among the patients with both conditions, 81% were females, their mean age was 45.71 ± 24.14 years, and the mean duration of AITD was 7.32 ± 2.11 years. The Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the AR cohort had a higher cumulative incidence of AITD than did the non-AR cohort (log-rank test, p = 0.001). Multivariate-adjusted hazardous ratios showed that patients with AR, female sex, higher white blood cell count, and diagnosis in November had a higher risk of developing AITD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Screening for AITD should be conducted at the time of diagnosis of AR as it could be a risk factor for AITD.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"24 1","pages":"202"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11687071/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142906595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thyroid function, autoimmunity, thyroid volume, and metabolic profile in people with Hashimoto thyroiditis.","authors":"Bruna Couto, Celestino Neves, João Sérgio Neves, Luís Delgado","doi":"10.1186/s12902-024-01765-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-024-01765-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is associated with high cardiovascular risk. Thyroid volume has a notable dispersion of values in these patients. This study aims to clarify the association between thyroid antibodies, thyroid morphology, insulin resistance, and lipid profile in patients with HT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional study that includes 409 subjects diagnosed with HT. We assessed thyroid function, markers of autoimmunity, and markers of cardiovascular risk. We also evaluated thyroid ultrasound and studied the correlation between all factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the study population, 9.8% were male, the mean age was 56.4 ± 17.4 years, 63.7% had dyslipidemia, and 29.5% had diabetes. Patients with hypothyroidism had higher levels of anti-thyroperoxidase antibodies (TPOab), and the decreased thyroid dimensions subgroup had a higher percentage of patients taking levothyroxine (98.7%). Positive correlations were found between TPOab and volume, and negative correlations were observed between thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and volume.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current study reveals a complex interrelationship between cardiovascular disease risk factors, thyroid function, autoimmunity, and thyroid volume in HT. These associations may be of clinical relevance, and further studies are needed to elucidate how these findings may be used clinically to reduce the cardiovascular risk in patients with HT.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"24 1","pages":"281"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11687027/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142909275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and associated factors of psychiatric problems in children aged 6-18 years with type-1 diabetes mellitus in Gondar, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Birhanu AlehegnAwoke, Geta Bayu Genet, Addisu Ginbu Dubie, Biruk Fanta Alemayehu, Mehretie Kokeb Alemu","doi":"10.1186/s12902-024-01812-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-024-01812-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic illnesses in children with multiple psychosocial, economic and developmental effects. Psychiatric disorders such as depression, anxiety, psychological distress, and eating disorders are more common in diabetic patients than the non-diabetic once. The main objective of our study was to assess Prevalence and associated factors of psychiatric problems in children aged 6-18 years with type 1 diabetes mellitus in Gondar, Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 206 children aged 6-18 years with type-1 diabetes mellitus having regular follow-ups at the University of Gondar comprehensive and Specialized Hospital (UoGCSH) over three three-month period. Data was collected by trained physicians using interviewer-administered structured questionnaires. Convenient sampling technique was applied and Participants were selected sequentially until the sample size was achieved. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used for Model fitness and the strength of association was determined using an OR, p-value of < 0.05 and 95% CI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of psychiatric problems was 11.7% and those children living with only either of the parent (AOR = 8.39, 95%: 1.5-46), living with other relatives (AOR = 11.3, 95% CI: 1.97-64.7), more than 5 family size (AOR = 0.3, 95%CI: 0.1-1.2), fathers attended formal education (AOR = 0.3, 95%: 0.04-1.73), a patient having good glycemic control (AOR = 0.2, 95%: 0.04-0.67) and those with a family history of diabetes mellitus(AOR = 5.2, 95% CI: 1.2-22.1) were significantly associated with a psychiatric problem in diabetic aged 6-18 years with p-value < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of psychiatric problems in diabetic children was significantly high and children living with single parent, paternal educational status, glycemic control, family history of diabetes, and family size were found to have significant association with the occurrence of psychiatric problems in diabetic children.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"24 1","pages":"280"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11674543/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The sexual dysfunction in women with thyroid disorders: a meta-analysis.","authors":"Nader Salari, Pegah Heidarian, Framarz Jalili, Fateme Babajani, Shamarina Shohaimi, Maryam Nasirian, Masoud Mohammadi","doi":"10.1186/s12902-024-01817-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-024-01817-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Thyroid disorders are common endocrine conditions impacting multiple organs, including the reproductive system and often lead to sexual dysfunction. These effects can vary by gender; for example, women with hypothyroidism frequently experience reduced libido. Low thyroid hormone levels are also linked to vaginal dryness, causing discomfort, especially during intercourse. This study aims to assess the global prevalence of sexual dysfunction in women with thyroid disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Systematic searches were performed across electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar, to retrieve studies reporting the prevalence of sexual dysfunction in patients with thyroid disorders up to February 8, 2024. Inclusion criteria comprised studies that reported on the prevalence of female sexual dysfunction (FSD) in patients with thyroid disorders and studies published in English available full text. Exclusion criteria included case studies, intervention studies, studies with incomplete information, repeated studies and those not written in English. Cross-sectional studies were the primary study design included. Data were analyzed using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software (Version 2).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis of nine studies, involving a total sample size of 1013, found an overall prevalence of sexual dysfunction in women with thyroid disorders to be 44.8% (95% CI: 33.8-56.2). Given the substantial reporting of sexual dysfunction among women with either hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, subgroup analyses were conducted. The prevalence of sexual dysfunction was 41.8% (95% CI: 26.3-59) among women with hypothyroidism and 59.6% (95% CI: 50.5-68.1) among those with hyperthyroidism.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The notable prevalence of sexual dysfunction in women with thyroid disorders highlights the for increased awareness among this population. Targeted awareness initiatives may help mitigate the occurrence of sexual dysfunction and its adverse effects, improving overall quality of life for affected women.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"24 1","pages":"279"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11673368/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of dietary insulin index (DII) and dietary insulin load (DIL) with circadian rhythm and quality of sleep among overweight and obese women: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Atieh Mirzababaei, Faezeh Abaj, Mina Radmehr, Moloud Ghorbani, Yasaman Aali, Asma Rajabi Harsini, Cain C T Clark, Khadijeh Mirzaei","doi":"10.1186/s12902-024-01811-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-024-01811-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obesity is a global issue, with over 1.9 billion adults overweight. Disruption of circadian rhythms (CR) leads to obesity and metabolic disorders. Dietary nutrition significantly impacts sleep disorders and disruption in CR, influencing hormones and inflammation, which can contribute to insomnia. The dietary insulin index (DII) and dietary insulin load (DIL) are important factors in determining sleep quality. The current study aims to investigate the association between DII and DIL with CR and sleep quality among with overweight and obesity women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A case-control study involved 280 overweight/obese women aged 25-40 from Tehran University Medical Science. They were assessed for dietary intake, physical activity, and sleep using validated questionnaires. The study also assessed body composition, bioelectrical impedance analysis, biochemical components, anthropometric components, and blood pressure. Socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics, such as age, educational level, physical activity, and smoking habits, were also assessed through questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>In the crude and adjustment models, high adherence of DII compared with lower adherence increased the odds of poor sleep quality index among participants. This significant association remained even after adjustment for confounding variables (P < 0.05), such that the odds of poor sleep quality index was 1.92 times higher.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed high adherence to DII and DIL may cause CR disruption. Furthermore, higher adherence to DII lead to poor sleep quality in women.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"24 1","pages":"277"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11667852/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142880671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation and comparison of efficacy and safety of tirzepatide, liraglutide and SGLT2i in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a network meta-analysis.","authors":"Yunjie Teng, Xue Fan, Rui Yu, Xiaoping Yang","doi":"10.1186/s12902-024-01805-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-024-01805-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective is to assess the effectiveness and safety of tirzepatide, liraglutide, and SGLT2i in individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An inquiry was undertaken within the electronic database spanning from its inception to February 11th, 2024, aimed at identifying randomized controlled trials that assess the efficacy and safety of tirzepatide, liraglutide, canagliflozin, ertugliflozin, empagliflozin, dapagliflozin, and henagliflozin. Perform a network meta-analysis to examine the distinctions among them (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42024537006).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-eight RCTs were included, involving 8499 participants. Compared with placebo, all treatments improved HbA1c levels: tirzepatide 15 mg reduced HbA1c the most (MD [95% CI], -2.24% [-2.52, -1.96]%), followed by tirzepatide 10 mg (MD [95% CI], -1.99% [-2.29, -1.69]%), tirzepatide 5 mg (MD [95% CI], -1.82% [-2.11, -1.53]%), and liraglutide 1.2 mg (MD [95% CI], -1.23% [-1.41, -1.05]%). Canagliflozin 300 mg also showed a significant reduction in HbA1c (MD [95% CI], -1.00% [-1.18, -0.82]). Tirzepatide was also the most effective in promoting weight loss, with the following results compared with placebo: tirzepatide 15 mg (MD [95% CI], -8.74 kg [-9.83, -7.66] kg), tirzepatide 10 mg (MD [95% CI], -7.13 kg [-8.40, -5.88] kg), tirzepatide 5 mg (MD [95% CI], -5.38 kg [-6.65, -4.11] kg), canagliflozin 300 mg (MD [95% CI], -2.31 kg [-2.79, -1.83] kg), and empagliflozin 10 mg (MD [95% CI], -2.00 kg [-2.44, -1.55] kg). In reducing systolic blood pressure (SBP), canagliflozin 300 mg showed the greatest effect (MD [95% CI], -5.96% [-7.96, -3.96] %). For diastolic blood pressure (DBP), henagliflozin 5 mg demonstrated the most significant reduction compared to placebo (MD [95% CI], -2.46% [-3.82, -1.10] %). Liraglutide 1.8 mg was most likely to cause adverse events (AE) (OR [95% CI], 2.57 [1.78, 3.70]), but there was no significant difference in serious adverse events (SAEs) between the interventions (including placebo).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Out of the seven medications examined in this study, tirzepatide demonstrates the most effective antidiabetic and weight-reducing effects. Furthermore, the dosage of Liraglutide at 1.2 mg and above demonstrates a more pronounced hypoglycemic effect in comparison to SGLT2 inhibitors. SGLT2 inhibitors exhibit a distinct hypotensive effect and are suitable for diabetic individuals experiencing hypertension.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"24 1","pages":"278"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11668020/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142884946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of apparent diffusion coefficient of extraocular muscles from diffusion tensor imaging scanning in the assessment of disease activity of thyroid eye disease.","authors":"Cheng Yang Tang, Qian Huang, Liang Liang, Ming Qiao Zhang, Xiao Ya Zheng, Jian Long","doi":"10.1186/s12902-024-01818-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-024-01818-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the utility of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of extraocular muscles (EOMs) in differentiating activity of thyroid eye disease (TED).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Forty-two TED patients who underwent diffusion tensor imaging(DTI) were retrospectively enrolled in this study, including 29 patients in analysis group and 13 patients in validation group. The mean, maximum and minimum ADC value of each EOM were regarded as ADCmean, ADCmax and ADCmin. The difference between ADCmax and ADCmin was regarded as △ADC. The correlations between ADCmean or △ADC of each EOM and clinical activity score (CAS) were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In analysis group, ADCmean differed between active and inactive eyes and positively correlated with CAS in IR (P < 0.05), not in SR,LR and MR(all p > 0.05). While △ADC differed between two groups and negatively correlated with CAS in all EOMs (all P < 0.05). ADCmean predicted active disease at cut-off value of 1259.3 × 10^-6mm²s^-1 with sensitivity of 66.7% and specificity of 71.4% in IR[area under curve = 0.667, P < 0.05]. △ADC predicted disease activity in all EOMs [area under curve 0.658-0.746,all P < 0.05]. The cut-off values of △ADC were 382, 823,520 and 572 × 10^-6mm²s^-1 with sensitivity of 80.0%, 50.0%, 43.3%, 83.3% and specificity of 67.9%, 85.7%, 89.3%, 60.7% in SR, IR, MR, and LR respectively. There were no significant differences in the predictive efficacy among all cut-off values.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results showed that DTI is a valuable tool in the assessment of disease activity of TED. Both ADCmean of IR and △ADC of all four EOMs can be used in discriminating disease activity with the same predictive power.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"24 1","pages":"276"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11668034/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142880663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}