BMC Endocrine Disorders最新文献

{"title":"Pheochromocytoma in a patient with heterotaxy syndrome: a case report.","authors":"Farid Farahani Rad, Fatemeh Esfahanian, Parandoosh Hashemizadeh, Ehsan Mehrtabar","doi":"10.1186/s12902-024-01829-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-024-01829-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Heterotaxy syndrome is a rare congenital condition characterized by abnormal arrangement of thoracoabdominal organs, often associated with complex cardiac and splenic anomalies. Pheochromocytoma is a rare neuroendocrine tumor that overproduces catecholamines, leading to various complications. The co-occurrence of heterotaxy syndrome and pheochromocytoma has not been previously reported. This case report presents a unique finding of pheochromocytoma in a patient with heterotaxy syndrome and a functioning ectopic spleen, offering novel clinical insights.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 19-year-old male with congenital heart disease was incidentally found to have a right adrenal mass during abdominal ultrasonography which followed abnormal lab results. Computed tomography (CT) scans confirmed abnormal organ positioning consistent with heterotaxy syndrome, including a midline liver, right-sided colon, and the absence of a spleen in its typical location. Subsequent scintigraphy with Technetium-99 m denatured red blood cells revealed a functioning ectopic spleen in the left subdiaphragmatic space. The right adrenal mass was confirmed to be pheochromocytoma based on elevated urinary catecholamine levels. Despite recommendations for surgery, the patient chose medical management with alpha-blockers and remained stable over a one-year follow-up with no significant events.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case is notable concurrency of pheochromocytoma and heterotaxy and for the rare occurrence of a functioning ectopic spleen in a patient with heterotaxy syndrome, a condition where splenic anomalies typically manifest as asplenia or polysplenia. The importance of extensive imaging, particularly Tc-99 m labeled denatured erythrocyte scintigraphy imaging, is emphasized, as routine imaging like CT scans may fail to detect ectopic organs. Additionally, the concurrent presence of pheochromocytoma (PCC) and heterotaxy syndrome, although rare, raises intriguing questions about their potential link. While this case does not explore the association in detail, chronic hypoxia caused by congenital cardiovascular anomalies in heterotaxy syndrome could activate hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), which may promote tumorigenesis, including the development of PCC. Future studies are warranted to explore these mechanisms further and clarify the pathophysiological connection between heterotaxy syndrome, hypoxia, and PCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"65"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11892141/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between waist-to-hip ratio and testosterone in Chinese men with young-onset type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Yanan Luo, Hongya Shao, Qiuping Zhang, Fupeng Liu, Mei Zhang, Yanhong Zhang, Yaru Wang, Hui Pan, Bo Ban, Yanying Li","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-01832-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-025-01832-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Low testosterone levels is associated with higher cardiovascular risk in men with diabetes. However, there are few studies on testosterone levels and the factors affecting them in patients with young-onset diabetes (YOD). The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and testosterone levels in men diagnosed with YOD.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study involved 547 male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) from the Endocrinology Department of the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University. The participants were divided into two groups: a young-onset diabetes (YOD) group and a late-onset diabetes (LOD) group. Anthropometric measurements, including height, weight, waist circumference, and hip circumference, were recorded. Additionally, fasting blood samples were collected to assess various parameters, such as sex hormone levels and lipid profiles. The association between WHR and testosterone levels was analyzed by univariate linear regression and multivariable linear regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five hundred forty-seven patients with type 2 diabetes and aged 50.3 ± 12.1 years were enrolled in the study. One hundred ninety-three patients were assigned to the YOD group based on a diagnosis age of 40 years or younger, while the remaining 354 patients were assigned to the LOD group. The testosterone was significantly lower in the YOD group compare to the LOD group (P = 0.049), and the WHR had an independent effect on testosterone in men with the YOD group (β=-4.67, P = 0.0251), but there was no evidence of such an association in the LOD group (β =-1.13, P = 0.4608).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>According to our results, male patients with YOD exhibited lower testosterone levels compared to those with LOD. Furthermore, their testosterone levels were significantly negatively correlated with WHR. These findings indicate that it is more necessary to screen for testosterone in obese patients with YOD and that improving obesity, especially abdominal obesity, may help to interrupt the vicious cycle of low testosterone-obesity-insulin resistance-hyperglycemia-low testosterone.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"60"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11884136/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143572029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-islet cell tumor hypoglycemia (NICTH) associated with sarcoma, case report.","authors":"Atefeh Jannatalipour, Nekoo Panahi, Mahnaz Pejman Sani, Omid Ghaemi, Maryam Kheirandish, Neda Alipour, Azadeh Zarinkolah, Mostafa Jawhari, Bahman Rasuli, Mohammad Reza Mohajeri-Tehrani, Hamid Reza Aghaei Meybodi, Akbar Soltani","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-01885-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-025-01885-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-islet cell tumor hypoglycemia (NICTH) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome caused by the secretion of high molecular weight insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II) from tumors, particularly those of mesenchymal and epithelial origin. This case report describes a 71-year-old male with pelvic sarcoma who presented with severe hypoglycemia, with blood glucose levels dropping below 40 mg/dL and exhibiting neuroglycopenic symptoms. The diagnosis of NICTH was confirmed through biochemical analysis showing hypoinsulinemic hypoglycemia alongside low C-peptide and IGF-1 levels. Initial management with dextrose infusions and glucocorticoids proved ineffective until recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) therapy was initiated, resulting in a decreased requirement for dextrose. Following angioembolization of the tumor, the patient's blood glucose levels stabilized sufficiently to allow for the complete cessation of dextrose administration. This case highlights the critical role of rhGH in reducing dextrose dependency and the effectiveness of angioembolization in managing NICTH when surgical options are limited.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"59"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11881327/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143566140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy of anthropometric parameters in predicting prediabetes among adolescents in Eastern Sudan: a community-based cross-sectional study.","authors":"Ola A El-Gendy, Walaa M Alsafi, Khadijah A Al-Shafei, Ahmed A Hassan, Ishag Adam","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-01890-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-025-01890-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The global increase of prediabetes and diabetes in adolescents raises the issue of early prediction of this metabolic disorder via anthropometric parameters, especially in limited resources settings such as Sudan. However, the reliability of these anthropometric predictors is inconclusive. This study aimed to examine the association between anthropometric measures, including body mass index (BMI), hip circumference (HC), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), body roundness index (BRI), and a body shape index (ABSI), and prediabetes in adolescents in eastern Sudan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among adolescents in Gadarif City, Eastern Sudan. A questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic information. Anthropometric and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were performed following the standard procedures. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was generated. Multivariate binary regression analysis was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 401 adolescents, 186 (46.4%) were female, and 215 (53.6%) were male. The median (IQR) age was 14.1 (12.1-16.3) years. There was no correlation between BMI, WC, HC, WHR, BRI, ABSI, and HbA1c levels. Ninety-five (23.7%) adolescents were identified with prediabetes and 10 (2.5%) with diabetes. In univariate analysis, BRI (OR = 1.24, 95.0% CI = 1.01‒1.52) and BMI (OR = 1.05, 95.0% CI = 1.01‒1.10) were associated with prediabetes. The other anthropometrics and sociodemographic parameters were not associated with prediabetes. In multivariate analysis, BRI and BMI were not associated with prediabetes. All the tested anthropometric parameters, WHR (AUC = 0.51, cutoff = 0.80, sensitivity = 0.69, specificity = 0.44), BRI (AUC = 0.57, cutoff = 1.77, sensitivity = 0.77, specificity = 0.42), ABSI (AUC = 0.51, cutoff = 0.14, sensitivity = 0.77, specificity = 0.31), BMI (AUC = 0.55, cutoff = 18.30 kg/m², sensitivity = 0.45, specificity = 0.67), HC (AUC = 0.54, cutoff = 75.75 cm, sensitivity = 0.73, specificity = 0.36), and WC (AUC = 0.55, cutoff = 66.63 cm, sensitivity = 0.49, specificity = 0.63), had poor reliability in detecting prediabetes in adolescents.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrated a lack of reliability of anthropometric parameters in predicting prediabetes among adolescents in eastern Sudan. Further extensive research is recommended in various regions of Sudan.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"58"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11874620/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic immune-inflammation index to albumin (SII/ALB) ratio as a novel dual-dimensional powerful predictor for hip fractures in elderly females with diabetes: a postmenopausal longitudinal cohort study.","authors":"Jie Lu, Fenglian Wei, Jingxia Sun, Zhenwei Zhai, Jiangmei Pan, Shishan Huang, Haolun Wang, Qiu Wang, Wenxin Chu, Jinming Yu, Jianhao Huang, Xubin Wu, Wensheng Lu","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-01889-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-025-01889-1","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Purpose: &lt;/strong&gt;Hip fracture is the most dangerous and potentially lethal fracture, described as \"the last fracture of life\" in older adults. Previous studies have shown that excessive immunoinflammatory response and nutrient deficiency may be involved. Nevertheless, a predictor for hip fracture risk that combines a thorough evaluation of immunoinflammatory with malnutritional conditions in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains scarce. This study explored the relationship between the SII/ALB ratio (SAR) and fragility fracture risk in postmenopausal older adults with T2DM.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Between January 2014 and January 2021, a total of 509 postmenopausal female participants with T2DM were recruited from the Medical Record Database of the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Finally, 363 participants with an age median of 69.00 (64.00-75.00), were eligible for inclusion in this analysis. According to the statistical tertiles of the SAR, all participants were split into three groups: low-level (≤ 98.24, n = 121), moderate-level (98.24-157.25, n = 121), and high-level (≥ 157.25, n = 121). The participants were followed up for seven years, with a median follow-up time of 45.9 months (1389 person-years). The relationships between the SAR and a real-world fragility fracture event and an individualized future 10-year probability of major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) and hip fracture (HF) calculated by the fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX) were evaluated through Spearman's partial correlation analysis, restricted cubic spline (RCS) model, Cox proportional hazards regression model, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Furthermore, some indicators such as geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), and SII were also calculated and compared to their diagnostic efficacy and the clinical application value through the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and the decision curve analysis (DCA), respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Of the 363 participants, 69 suffered a real-world fragility fracture event (19%). Spearman's partial correlation analysis indicated that SAR was negatively related to femoral neck (FN) bone mineral density (BMD) (r = -0.108, P = 0.041) and total hip (TH) BMD (r = -0.118, P = 0.025), but not lumbar spine (LS) BMD (all Models P &gt; 0.05); positively correlated with an individualized future 10-year probability of MOF (r = 0.136, P = 0.010) and HF (r = 0.139, P = 0.008) calculated by FRAX, especially in hip fracture risk. The RCS model demonstrated the relationship between the SAR and a fragility fracture endpoint event in a J-shaped dose-dependent manner (P for overall &lt; 0.001, P for nonlinear = 0.866). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that the SAR was positively associated with fragility fracture risk (P &lt; 0.001). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that patients with higher levels of SAR ","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"57"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11869492/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143522343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abdominal volume index is associated with higher oxidized LDL, high blood pressure and lower HDL among obese adults.","authors":"Mansuor Ahmed Alanazi, Khaled Alshehri, Faisal H Alerwy, Tariq Alrasheed, Hassan Fareed M Lahza, Nisreen Khalid Aref Albezrah, Yazeed Ibrahim Alghabban, Mahfoudh Almusali Mohammed Abdulghani","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-01884-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-025-01884-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Central obesity is a well-known risk factor of numerous disease. Numerous indicators are developed for central obesity measurement, among them, abdominal volume index (AVI), reflecting total volume of the abdomen, precisely estimates the visceral fat volume. As a relatively new health measure and potent prognostic marker of metabolic disturbances, no study is available to investigate its role in cardio-metabolic health and oxidized LDL among obese young adults. In the current study we aimed to evaluate the association between abdominal volume index (AVI) with cardio-metabolic profile including serum lipids, glycemic markers of serum glucose, hemoglobin (Hb) A₁C, insulin, oxidized LDL and blood pressure among young obese adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two hundred twenty young adults aged 18 to 25 years old with overweight or obesity were enrolled in the current study. Anthropometric measurements were done and AVI were calculated. Biochemical variables including serum total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), triglyceride (TG), glycemic markers, including fasting serum glucose (FBS), insulin, hemoglobin (Hb) A₁C and blood pressure were also measured with an automatic analyzer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants in the third tertiles of AVI had higher body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) (p < 0.001 for all). Among biochemical variables, oxidized LDL, TG and HDL demonstrated significant associations across AVI tertiles in the first and second models, with higher oxidized LDL and TG and lower HDL levels observed in higher AVI tertiles (p < 0.05). Moreover, those at the highest AVI tertiles showed significantly higher odds ratios for elevated cardio-metabolic index and systolic and diastolic blood pressures compared to the first tertiles (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the current study, we comprehensively investigated the association between AVI with cardio-metabolic health in young obese adults and accordingly, AVI was unfavorably associated with metabolic health among obese adults. Further studies are needed to elaborate the underlying mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"56"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11869561/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143522716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The predictive function of miR-122-5p and its action mechanism by regulating PKM2 in metabolic syndrome.","authors":"Xinglu Zhou, Rui Wu, Guangfeng Tang, Tongtong Shen, Wei Li","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-01888-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-025-01888-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obesity will cause metabolic syndrome (Mets) easily, and its pathogenesis is not completely clear.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To probe into the predictive value of miR-122-5p and its regulatory mechanism in Mets.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The predictive effect of miR-122-5p on Mets was evaluated by constructing a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve. The target genes of miR-122-5p were predicted using the ENCORI/starBase and TargetScanHuman databases, and pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), closely related to Mets, was screened by GO and KEGG analysis. The roles of miR-122-5p/PKM2 in insulin resistance (IR) were explored by treating the human normal liver cells (HLCs) with palmitic acid (PA) to induce the IR model. The effects of miR-122-5p/PKM2 on glucose metabolism (GM) of HLCs were evaluated by detecting the production of pyruvic acid, lactic acid, and ATP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MiR-122-5p was highly expressed in obese people and Mets patients, and its predicted AUC for Mets was 0.876. In HLCs transfected with wild-type PKM2 luciferase vector (PKM2-wt), luciferase activity was attenuated by the miR-122-5p mimic and enhanced by its inhibitor. The expression of PKM2 was inhibited by the miR-122-5p mimic and up-regulated by its inhibitor. The miR-122-5p mimic enhanced PA-induced IR and inhibited the GM of HLCs, which were reversed by overexpression of PKM2. The miR-122-5p inhibitor exerted the opposite effects of its mimic, which were also reversed by silencing of PKM2.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MiR-122-5p, a risk factor for Mets, mediated the IR and abnormal glucose metabolism of HLCs by negatively regulating PKM2.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11866723/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between circulating microRNAs and vascular biomarkers in type 2 diabetes based upon physical activity: a biochemical analytic study.","authors":"Hadeel A Al-Rawaf, Sami A Gabr, Talal Alghadir, Faisal Alghadir, Amir Iqbal, Ahmad H Alghadir","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-01855-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-025-01855-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This research investigated how physical activity (PA) might impact the expression of several microRNAs, specifically miR-126, miR-146a, miR-34a, miR-124a, miR-155, and miR-221, in the blood of elderly individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Additionally, the study examined the relationship between these microRNAs and markers of vascular endothelial dysfunction, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), and apolipoprotein B (apoB), to assess their potential in the prevention, early detection, and treatment of diabetes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This correlational observational study involved 100 male participants, aged between 18 and 65 years, all of whom had been living with type 2 diabetes (T2D) for over six years. The participants were divided into three groups: inactive, moderate, and active, depending on their level of physical activity (PA). Real-time PCR and immunoassays were employed to measure the expression of selected miRNAs, as well as VEGF, apoA-I, apoB, and diabetic management indicators. PA levels were determined using ACTi graph GT1M accelerometer (model WAM 7164; Fort Walton Beach, FL) and energy expenditure was measured in the form of metabolic equivalent (MET) by indirect calorimetry method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The expression levels of miR-146a, miR-34a, and miR-124a were significantly higher in patients with higher physical activity, while no such increase was observed for the other miRNAs in less active participants. Additionally, PA-active individuals showed a more pronounced decrease in fasting blood sugar (FBS), insulin resistance (IR), fasting insulin (FINS), HOMA-IR, HbA1c (%), and levels of VEGF, apoAI, apoB, and the apoB/apoA-I ratio. The alteration in miRNA expression was positively associated with physical activity, VEGF, apoAI, apoB, the apoB/apoA-I ratio, and diabetes-related metrics, while being inversely related to BMI.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In diabetic patients with higher physical activity levels, circulating miR-146a, miR-34a, and miR-124a showed elevated expression, accompanied by a notable decrease in vascular biomarkers, including apoAI, apoB, and the apoB/apoA-I ratio. The findings revealed a strong correlation between these vascular biomarkers and the physiological responses of miR-146a, miR-34a, and miR-124a, though larger studies are required to validate these results further.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11866858/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143522717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of noninvasive fibrosis calculators in an urban diabetes center suggests a large burden of undetected advanced liver disease.","authors":"Ahmed Ebeid, Fatma Mokhtar, Valeria Martinez-Lebron, Susie Park, Seta Degann, Jeremy Payano, Zahid Vahora, Stephen Gray, Lynt Johnson, Diala El-Maouche, Ameer Abutaleb","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-01881-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-025-01881-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is prevalent in up to 60% of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). T2DM accelerates the risk of hepatic fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with MASLD. Our goal in this study was to identify patients with suspected MASLD and hepatic fibrosis in a large T2DM clinic by using noninvasive fibrosis scoring systems.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective study of patients with T2DM seen by our endocrinologists at the Medical Faculty Associates (MFA) Diabetes Center in Washington, DC, from November 1, 2021, until November 1, 2022. We included all subjects who were over 18 years old with a hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) of 6.5 or higher. Patients with a history of significant alcohol consumption, decompensated cirrhosis, previous bariatric surgery, or prior chronic liver disease were excluded from the study. We identified patients at risk for hepatic fibrosis by using the Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) Index, NAFLD Fibrosis Score (NFS) and AST to Platelet Ratio Index (APRI) when lab values were available.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,411 patients were evaluated for T2DM by an endocrinology provider during the one-year period. Out of these, 336 patients met one or more of the exclusion criteria, leaving a total of 1075 patients included in the analysis. The majority were African American (n = 582, 54%), 261 were Caucasian (24.3%), and 85 were Hispanic (7.9%). Most patients were females (n = 675, 62.7%). The mean HbA1c was 8.1 ± 2.3. 643 patients (59.8%) were insulin dependent. Based on FIB-4 scores, we found that 35 (3.9%) patients had a score of > 2.67 associated with advanced fibrosis and 257 (29%) patients with scores of 1.3-2.67 had moderate fibrosis. Using the NFS calculator, there were 281 (28%) patients with values of > 0.675 consistent with F3-F4 disease. 715 (71.8%) patients with values of < 0.675 consistent with F0-F2 fibrosis. A total of 6(< 1%) patients met criteria for advanced fibrosis by APRI scoring.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In our urban Diabetes Center, utilizing the NFS calculator may detect many patients with advanced liver disease. Further research is needed to ensure the internal validity of the non-invasive tests in predicting liver fibrosis and to correlate these findings with transient elastography and other imaging evidence of fatty liver disease.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Non-applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11866707/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of empagliflozin on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-related parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Fatemeh Shojaei, Azam Erfanifar, Saeid Kalbasi, Shahriar Nikpour, Latif Gachkar","doi":"10.1186/s12902-025-01882-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-025-01882-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>The effects of Empagliflozin on liver health in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) have not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to assess the impact of Empagliflozin on liver steatosis and related biomarkers in T2DM patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A before-after clinical trial was conducted with 119 T2DM patients aged 20 to 70 with fatty liver, recruited from Laghman Hakim Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Participants were administered Empagliflozin for 6 months, with clinical and laboratory assessments conducted at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Liver function was evaluated through blood tests and imaging, including ultrasound and Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), to assess hepatic steatosis. Biomarkers such as HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, insulin, lipid profile, and liver enzymes were measured. Insulin resistance was estimated using the Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) formula. Data were analyzed using SPSS 26 and STATA 14.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 119 patients (Intervention (N = 69), Control (N = 50)) were participated. The intervention group demonstrated a significant reduction in liver fat grade compared to the control group, with 17.5% of patients showing a reduction from grade 3 to grade 1 on MRI and 6% in the control group. The odds of worsening fatty liver in the control group were 48 times higher (95% CI: 15.5, 148.5) on MRI and 52 times higher (95% CI: 15.2, 178.1) on ultrasound, compared to the intervention group (NNT = 2). After 6 months, the intervention group showed significantly lower risks for ALT (RR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.62-0.84), AST, and alkaline phosphatase (Alkp) abnormalities. Liver enzyme levels (ALT, AST, GGT) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) decreased significantly in the Empagliflozin group, with mean differences of -15.33 (95% CI: -18.8, -11.88) for ALT, -12.82 (95% CI: -15.5, -10.13) for AST, and - 6.31 (95% CI: -8.65, -3.97) for systolic blood pressure (SBP).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that Empagliflozin could be an effective adjunctive therapy for managing liver dysfunction in T2DM patients with NAFLD.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Registered retrospectively in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20210811052150N1) on April 16,2023 Access at https://irct.behdasht.gov.ir/search/result?query=IRCT20210811052150N1 .</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"52"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11863618/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}