Brazilian Journal of Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Microbial degradation of textile dye reactive blue 250 (RB 250) by the novel Pseudomonas aeruginosa RGB11: a sustainable approach.","authors":"Garima Chetry, Vasantha Veerappa Lakshmaiah","doi":"10.1007/s42770-025-01743-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42770-025-01743-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Untreated textile effluent discharge has increased due to rapid industrialization and human activity, posing a serious and growing threat to environmental well-being over the past few decades. This study isolates a novel bacterial strain, Pseudomonas aeruginosa RGB11, from sewage sludge capable of degrading the azo dye Reactive Blue 250 dye (RB 250) as identified via 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Decolorization of RB 250 was tested in Minimal Salt Media (MSM) throughout the studies. Under static conditions, pH 7, and 37 °C, the dye showed 88.91% decolorization after 24 h, which increased to 96.27% at pH 9 and 93.15% at 45 °C. Adding 1% w/v sucrose and yeast extract as carbon and nitrogen sources increased the decolorization to 96.83% and 97.54%, respectively. A study on growth kinetics over 8 h showed that as the Optical Density (OD) of bacteria increased at 600 nm, the absorbance of the dye decreased at 604 nm, indicating the bacterial role in the decolorization process. FT-IR analysis of the metabolite extracted after decolorization revealed the shift in the intensity of the characteristic peak of the RB 250 dye and the formation of new peaks, which can be attributed to the degradation of dye and generation of intermediates in the decolorized solution. The LC-MS study further confirms degradation as the parental peak in the dye disappeared and smaller new peaks were observed, possibly due to breakage of characteristic bonds in dye like the azo bond. Haemolysis test on blood agar demonstrated gamma haemolysis confirming that the novel strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa RGB11 doesn't produce haemolysins and is a non-pathogenic strain. Thus, emphasizing the efficiency of Pseudomonas aeruginosa RGB11 as potential candidate for dye decolourizer for textile effluents. It has immense potential to serve as a contributor to environmental studies by providing a means of sustainable bioremediation for textile effluents.</p>","PeriodicalId":9090,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1595-1610"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12350916/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144658319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the impact of synthesized carbon nanoparticles on extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae: investigating antibacterial and cytotoxic properties.","authors":"Afsaneh Molamirzaei, Zarrindokht Emami-Karvani, Samaneh Sedighi-Khavidak, Maryam Mohammadi-Sichani, Monir Doudi","doi":"10.1007/s42770-025-01680-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42770-025-01680-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Misuse of antibiotics has created antimicrobial-resistance (AMR) Klebsiella pneumoniae with extended-spectrum- beta-lactamase (ESBL), linked to urinary-tract-infections (UTIs). This study explores these strains and the potential of green carbon nanoparticles as a new antibiotic treatment. PCR (polymerase chain reaction) was used to identify specific genes (bla_SHV, bla_CTX-M and bla_TEM) in AMR- Klebsiella pneumonia of ESBL- positive. Additionally, the antibacterial and cytotoxic effect of the green nanoparticles were established by determining the minimum-inhibitory-concentration (MIC), the agar disc diffusion, and MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. Ten species were confirmed as ESBL strains using cefotaxime-clavulanic acid and ceftazidime-clavulanic acid combination discs. Nine strains carried the bla_SHV gene, 10 strains carried the bla_CTX-M gene and seven strains carried the bla_TEM gene. Also, MIC corresponded to the 0.2 mg/mL concentration of the nanoparticles, and they showed no cytotoxicity to the CRL-2522 cell line at concentrations lower than 0.4 mg/mL. The rampant spread of antibiotic-resistance genes seems to be driving the surge of multidrug-resistance among ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae. It seems that carbon-nanoparticles prepared from pine fruit soot have the ability to deal with this problem. They could also be integrated into various healthcare products, such as topical antimicrobials, to facilitate wound healing and combat bacterial infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":9090,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1873-1886"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12350900/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144257318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic insights into Streptomyces albidoflavus SM254: tracing the putative signs of anti-Pseudogymnoascus destructans properties.","authors":"Ilia V Popov, Michael L Chikindas, Igor V Popov","doi":"10.1007/s42770-025-01740-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42770-025-01740-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>White-nose syndrome, caused by the psychrophilic fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans, has devastated bat populations across North America. Streptomyces albidoflavus SM254 was previously reported to exhibit antifungal activity against this pathogen, but no comprehensive genomic characterization has been performed to date. Here, we analyzed 34 S. albidoflavus genomes, including the antifungal strain SM254 and 33 publicly available references, to investigate its metabolic potential and functional distinctiveness. Using pangenome reconstruction, phylogenomics, average nucleotide identity, and KEGG pathway profiling, we found that S. albidoflavus SM254 shares high nucleotide identity (> 99%) with five closely related strains but displays a unique combination of complete ethanol fermentation capacity and asparagine biosynthesis deficiency. These traits were exclusive to SM254 and may reflect adaptation to the oxygen-limited, nutrient-variable sediment environment. Functional annotation further revealed high completeness in central energy, redox, and stress-response pathways. Although direct antifungal mechanisms remain to be experimentally validated, S. albidoflavus SM254's unique metabolic profile and ecological specialization suggest potential relevance in biocontrol contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":9090,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"2121-2131"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12350921/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antiviral activity of Azadirachta indica A. Juss and Melia azedarach extracts during the replication cycle of small ruminant lentiviruses.","authors":"Ana Lídia Madeira de Sousa, Raymundo Rizaldo Pinheiro, Juscilânia Furtado Araújo, Renato Mesquita Peixoto, Ana Milena César Lima, Selene Maia de Morais, Samara Cristina Rocha Souza, Gabriel Paula Amaral, Maria Fátima da Silva Teixeira, Alice Andrioli","doi":"10.1007/s42770-025-01659-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42770-025-01659-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antiviral activity of ethanolic extracts from Azadirachta indica and Melia azedarach during the replication cycle of the CAEV-Cork and MVV-K1514 strains, both part of the small ruminant lentivirus (SRLV) group, in ovine third eyelid (OTE) cells. The crude extracts (CE), along with the ethyl acetate (EAF) and methanol (MF) organic fractions from these plants, were tested in treatments applied before, during, and after viral inoculation of the CAEV-Cork and MVV-K1514 strains in separate OTE cell cultures. Following these treatments, the most effective results were subjected to viral titration analysis. The findings indicate that the EAF of A. indica and M. azedarach may have reduced the viral titer of the CAEV-Cork strain by 316-fold after inoculation and by 1.995-fold when applied concomitantly with inoculation, respectively. For the MVV-K1514 strain, the EAF of A. indica achieved a 1,000-fold inhibition when applied simultaneously with viral inoculation. These results suggest that extracts from Meliaceae plants influenced all phases of the SRLV replication cycle, significantly inhibiting the activity of both viral strains, although complete viral elimination was not achieved.</p>","PeriodicalId":9090,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"2239-2250"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12350859/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143980279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-encapsulation of E. faecium E297 and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA): resilience to adverse conditions and application in oat flakes to enhance its functional properties.","authors":"Rafaela Ansiliero, Márcia Bar Schuster, Aniela Pinto Kempka, Liziane Schittler Moroni","doi":"10.1007/s42770-025-01724-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42770-025-01724-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study evaluated the effectiveness of co-encapsulating E. faecium E297 and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), as well as their resilience to adverse conditions during processing, storage, and simulated gastrointestinal digestion, aiming at their application in oat flakes to enhance their functional properties. Initial hydrophobicity and cultivation tests indicated that E. faecium E297 strongly adheres to intestinal cells and that GABA does not interfere with the microorganism's viability. Double emulsion (W₁/O/W₂) encapsulation demonstrated high efficiency, with retention rates of 88.10 ± 0.65% for the probiotic and 90.23 ± 0.16% for the bioactive compound. The generated microcapsules (10-20 μm) protected the compounds against thermal treatment (65 °C for 30 min) and storage (25 °C for 30 days), ensuring concentrations above 6.0 log CFU/mL of E. faecium E297 and 58 mg/mL of GABA. During gastrointestinal simulation, encapsulated E. faecium E297 exhibited greater resistance (7.83 ± 0.07 log CFU/g) compared to the unencapsulated form (5.06 ± 0.07 log CFU/mL), while GABA maintained its stability under gastric conditions. When incorporated into oat flakes and stored at 25 °C for 30 days, both forms of the microorganism showed a reduction in count. However, E. faecium E297 remained significantly more concentrated in the encapsulated form, maintaining levels above 7.0 log CFU/g, while GABA concentration was 8.86 ± 0.60 mg/g. These findings highlight that co-encapsulation of E. faecium E297 and GABA, combined with their application in oat flakes, ensures efficient compound delivery and may enhance the health benefits of this functional food.</p>","PeriodicalId":9090,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1653-1668"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12350986/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144526409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro effects of the new antifungal compound manogepix (APX001) against the three most clinically relevant species of Sporothrix.","authors":"Fernando Almeida-Silva, Fernanda Praça Nogueira Marques, Pedro Henrique Tenório-Alvarenga, Vanice Rodrigues Poester, Melissa Orzechowski Xavier, Rosely Maria Zancopé-Oliveira, Rodrigo Almeida-Paes","doi":"10.1007/s42770-025-01711-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42770-025-01711-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sporotrichosis is an endemic mycosis that pose significant public health challenges, particularly in Brazil, where zoonotic transmission has increased the number of cases in several regions of the country. The disease is caused by Sporothrix genus, with S. brasiliensis, S. schenckii, and S. globosa as the major agents. The currently available therapies may face limitations such as varying cure rates, long and expensive treatment, and adverse effects. Fosmanogepix, a prodrug converted into manogepix within the host, has demonstrated broad-spectrum antifungal activity, including other thermodimorphic fungal species. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antifungal efficacy of manogepix against three clinically relevant Sporothrix species. Minimal inhibitory and fungicidal concentrations were determined against 24 Sporothrix spp. isolates, as well as potential synergism with antifungal drugs, induction of resistance and growth kinetics of the fungus in the presence of the new antifungal drug. Manogepix exhibited fungicidal activity against the three Sporothrix species tested, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) ranging from 0.06 to 1 µg/ml. Furthermore, manogepix demonstrated a lower geometric mean of MIC values compared to the antifungal drugs and indifferent interactions with itraconazole, terbinafine and amphotericin B. Prolonged exposure to subinhibitory manogepix concentrations did not induce resistance in the tested strains. These findings indicate manogepix as a promising candidate for the treatment of sporotrichosis, offering a potential alternative in cases of resistance or treatment failure with current antifungals. Further studies are needed to confirm this activity in clinical settings, particularly in diverse geographic regions and against a broader range of Sporothrix strains.</p>","PeriodicalId":9090,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1835-1842"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12350901/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144636168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presence, genetic characterization, geographic distribution and associated risk factors of feline hemoplasmas in Paraguay.","authors":"María Fátima Rodriguez Valinotti, Lucía Soledad Patiño, Rodrigo Mereles Achón, Magaly Martinez, Antonio Rodriguez, Rosmary Rodriguez Valinotti, Amaias Ávalos","doi":"10.1007/s42770-025-01714-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42770-025-01714-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hemotropic mycoplasmas (hemoplasmas) are small, wall-less bacteria that parasitize red blood cells and can induce hemolytic anemia in felines. The three main species known to infect cats worldwide are Mycoplasma haemofelis (Mhf), Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum (CMht) and Candidatus Mycoplasma turicencis (CMt). These species differ in their pathogenicity and prevalence, Mhf being the most pathogenic and CMht the most prevalent. The aim of this study was to determine the presence, genetic characterization, associated risk factors and geographical distribution of feline hemoplasmas in Paraguay. DNA was extracted from feline whole blood samples submitted by local veterinarians to the CEDIVEP laboratory for the detection of feline hemoplasmas; Mhf (456 samples), CMht (428 samples), and CMt (359 samples) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A total of 76/456 samples (16%) were positive for Mhf, 77/428 (18%) were positive for CMht, and no animals were positive for CMt by PCR. Sequencing, BLAST and phylogenetic analysis were performed to confirm the identity of 16 S rRNA and was supported by the distinct separation of species-specific clades. Positive animals were found in both regions of the country (eastern and western), and the Department with the highest prevalence was Central with 70/76 (92,1%) positive for Mhf and 70/77 (90,9%) positive for CMht. The prevalence of feline hemoplasmas in domestic cats in both regions of Paraguay was determined by PCR. Male sex was a risk factor for Mhf and CMht. Age between 1 and 3 years was a risk factor for CMht and mixed breed and Siamese was a risk factor for Mhf. Feline mycoplasmosis had a greater presence in Central deparment Paraguay and more frequently affected mixed breed and common European cats.</p>","PeriodicalId":9090,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"2269-2277"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12350988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144474019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial profiling of swine-waste digestates: implications for biofertilizer application.","authors":"João Victor Pessoa Maia, Franciele Natividade Luiz, Marahia Isabel Guevara Robayo, Deborah Catharine de Assis Leite, Rafaela Faust Meyer, Michel Rodrigo Zambrano Passarini","doi":"10.1007/s42770-025-01737-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42770-025-01737-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The search for sustainable energy sources has become more urgent due to the high level of pollution caused by petroleum-based products. Digestate, a byproduct of the digestion of organic waste generated during biomethane production, can be used as a biofertilizer. This compound enriches the soil and promotes the proliferation of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which benefits sustainable agriculture. This study assessed the biofertilizer potential of digestates from two anaerobic digesters (pilot and laboratory scale) using swine carcasses and effluent. Physicochemical analyses and microbial diversity profiles revealed differences between the digestates. The microbial diversity was higher in the laboratory-scale digester, suggesting that the presence of swine carcasses favored the development of a more diverse community, which is essential for producing a biofertilizer. Shannon diversity indices for laboratory scale and pilot scale were 7.6 and 5.4, respectively. The most abundant genera observed in the laboratory-scale digester were Methanoculleus (25.38%), Clostridium (7.08%), and Pseudomonas (5.65%). On the other hand, at pilot scale, the greatest abundance was associated with Clostridium (20.90%), Turicibacter (14.13%), and Methanosarcina (3.78%). Beneficial genera including Bacillus, Pseudomonas and Bradyrhizobium were found in both scales, which may play roles in plant growth promotion, phosphorus solubilization, and nitrogen fixation. The abundance of Methanoculleus was higher at the laboratory scale. The results indicate that digestate from the laboratory-scale digester had a greater microbial diversity and a higher presence of beneficial taxa, including Bacillus (2.2%) and Paenibacillus (1.5%), known to stimulate plant growth through phytohormone production. However, further studies including metabolic pathways or field testing are needed to understand the variation in microbiota associated with digestates from swine waste, including animal carcasses.</p>","PeriodicalId":9090,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1977-1984"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12350964/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144636169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of innovative promising fungicide from nitropyrazolone class: effects on phytopathogens and non-target organisms.","authors":"Polina A Kuryntseva, Yulia O Bukarinova, Svetlana Yu Selivanovskaya, Alexander S Budnikov, Olga M Mulina, Igor B Krylov, Alexander O Terent'ev","doi":"10.1007/s42770-025-01721-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42770-025-01721-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The search for new fungicides is increasingly critical due to significant losses in crop quality and quantity caused by fungal diseases, as well as the development of resistance among pathogens to existing plant protection products. This study focuses on the evaluation of previously hardly known nitropyrazolone, 4,5-dimethyl-4-nitro-2-phenyl-2,4-dihydro-3 H-pyrazol-3-one, for its fungicidal properties. The antifungal activity of this compound was assessed against common phytopathogens, including Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Alternaria alternata, Verticillium dahliae, and Fusarium graminearum, utilizing both in vitro and in vivo methods. Results indicated that the test compound effectively suppressed the growth of phytopathogens in laboratory tests, achieving maximum inhibition rates of 80% against S. sclerotiorum, minimum inhibition rates of 58% against V. dahliae, In vivo assessments conducted on cherry tomatoes demonstrated a 1.3-fold reduction in disease incidence caused by F. graminearum when treated with the test compound at a concentration of 0.01%. To evaluate the safety profile of the test compound concerning non-target organisms, phytotoxicity tests were performed on spring oats (Avena sativa) and radishes (Raphanus sativus), revealing no phytotoxic effects. Additionally, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined for common pathogens (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) and two strains typical of the soil microbial community, which are frequently used as biocontrol agents (Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis). Thus, primary screening results suggest that the test compound has potential as an effective fungicide that does not exhibit toxicity toward plants or beneficial bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":9090,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1967-1976"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12350902/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144658318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological responses of Eucalyptus demonstrate the potential of Trichoderma harzianum to promote resistance against Leptocybe invasa.","authors":"Louis Antoniel Joseph, Nívea Maria Pereira Lima, Pedro Augusto Laurindo Rocha, Aloísio Freitas Chagas Júnior, João Pedro Laurindo Rocha, Jéssica Soares Pereira, Auxiliadora Oliveira Martins, Cristiano Bueno de Moraes, Márcio Leles Romarco de Oliveira, Wagner Luiz Araújo, Maíra Ignacio Sarmento, Renato Almeida Sarmento","doi":"10.1007/s42770-025-01704-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42770-025-01704-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The gall wasp Leptocybe invasa Fisher & La Salle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) is a major limiting factor in the cultivation of eucalyptus both in Brazil and across the world. This insect induces a gall formation on the principal veins of leaves, apices and petioles. This study investigated the impact of inoculating the fungus T. harzianum on plant growth and defense responses of Eucalyptus to Leptocybe invasa. Two hybrid eucalypt clones (Eucalyptus tereticornis Sm. × Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh.) were used to produce seedlings. Plants were inoculated by spraying the T. harzianum conidial suspension onto the fourth, fifth and sixth fully expanded leaves. Evaluations of ovipositions and galls were carried out 7 and 44 days after infestation (d.a.i), and growth parameters were assessed at six points during the experiment: 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 d.a.i. Our findings show that susceptible and resistant non-inoculated Eucalyptus plants infested by L. invasa developed galls. However, only oviposition marks were observed in inoculated plants without gall formation, indicating that T. harzianum inoculation enhances Eucalyptus resistance to L. invasa. Additionally, inoculated plants showed increased height, leaf count and branch growth. The findings of this study suggest that T. harzianum has significant potential for controlling L. invasa infestations in susceptible Eucalyptus plantations and the added advantage of enhanced plant growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":9090,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1555-1566"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12350897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144214907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}