Brazilian Journal of Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Isolation and characterization of Lactococcus lactis from Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792) as a potential probiotic for sustainable Aquaculture.","authors":"Nitul Ali, Priyam Sarmah, Dandadhar Sarma","doi":"10.1007/s42770-026-02037-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42770-026-02037-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present investigation provides the first report of Lactococcus lactis isolated from the intestinal tract of Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792), emphasizing its probiotic attributes and biosafety for aquaculture applications. From 100 bacterial isolates, three strains (GUNA, GUN-1, GUN-2) were identified as L. lactis via 16 S rRNA sequencing. These isolates displayed pronounced antagonism against Aeromonas hydrophila and A. jandaei, along with marked tolerance to gastrointestinal stressors, including low pH (71-80% survival at pH 2.0-3.0), bile salts (69-78% at 0.3-0.5% oxgall), and phenol (66-91% at 0.2-0.4%). Functional traits such as auto-aggregation (21-35%), co-aggregation (15-24%), and hydrophobicity (18-29%) indicated strong adhesion potential. All isolates were non-hemolytic, gelatinase-negative, and devoid of biogenic amine production, confirming their safety. Antibiotic profiling revealed resistance to streptomycin, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin, but sensitivity to ampicillin. In vivo assays with Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala confirmed 100% survival without adverse effects. Collectively, these findings highlight L. lactis from A. testudineus as a safe, potent probiotic and a promising bio-alternative to antibiotics in aquaculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":9090,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13421708/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148618316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding the genome of Acinetobacter baumannii from a urinary tract infection case: A comprehensive analysis of resistance, virulence, and genetic mobility attributes.","authors":"A S Smiline Girija, Kannika Parameshwari Kannan","doi":"10.1007/s42770-026-02036-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42770-026-02036-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogen frequently associated with healthcare-associated infections, including urinary tract infections in critically ill patients. In this study, a carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB) isolate, SGK_8A, obtained from an ICU patient, was subjected to whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to explore its genomic features. Species identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing using the VITEK^® 2 system confirmed resistance to multiple antibiotics, while susceptibility to tigecycline and colistin was retained. WGS was performed using the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform, followed by de novo assembly and functional annotation using Unicycler, RAST, PATRIC, CARD, VFDB, and antiSMASH. The draft genome consisted of 3,939,487 bp with a GC content of 38.95% and an N50 value of 77,016 bp. Genome annotation identified 281 functional subsystems associated with cellular metabolism, stress response, and defense mechanisms. Phylogenetic analysis indicated close relatedness to reference strains ATCC 17,978, SDF, and AB30. Resistance gene analysis detected several β-lactamase genes, including bla_OXA- 23, bla_OXA- 51, and bla_OXA- 144, along with multiple additional antimicrobial resistance determinants. The genome also contained genes associated with adhesion, biofilm formation, and other virulence-related functions. Prophage analysis identified five phage regions, including a high-coverage contig that may represent a mobile genetic element (MGEs). Additionally, biosynthetic gene clusters and simple sequence repeats were identified within the genome. Overall, these findings provide a genomic overview of antimicrobial resistance determinants, virulence-associated genes, and MGEs present in the CRAB isolate SGK_8A. The results contribute to the growing genomic data on A. baumannii and may support future comparative and functional studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9090,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13421585/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148618285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of VP2 mutations on viral fitness in canine parvovirus.","authors":"Tamiris Silva Lopes, Brenda Picoli Gheno, Ahmed Abd El Wahed, Uwe Truyen, André Felipe Streck","doi":"10.1007/s42770-026-02035-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42770-026-02035-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) is a highly contagious pathogen responsible for severe gastroenteritis in carnivores, particularly in dogs. Continuous antigenic evolution has resulted in the emergence of CPV-2a, CPV-2b, and CPV-2c variants, defined by amino acid substitutions in the VP2 capsid protein. In this study, genetically altered CPV-2 viruses carrying common VP2 mutations (S297A, V300G, D305Y, Y324I, N426D, N426E, and T440A) were generated to evaluate their effects on viral behavior in vitro. Mutations were individually introduced into an infectious backbone (strain 447), classified as CPV-2a based on VP2 sequence analysis, and compared with the ancestral CPV-2 backbone (strain 265). Viral dynamics were assessed using quantitative PCR and immunofluorescence assays to examine extracellular viral DNA and intracellular infection, enabling discrimination between replication and virion release. Distinct profiles were observed among mutants, particularly for N426D, N426E, and T440A, and the impact of each substitution was influenced by the genetic background. Polyclonal antibodies induced by commercial CPV-2 vaccines neutralized both the CPV-2 control and the CPV-2 N426E mutant, indicating cross-reactivity. These findings demonstrate that VP2 evolution must be interpreted through functional approaches rather than solely by variant classification and provide experimentally based information relevant for molecular surveillance and vaccination strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9090,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13407408/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148590359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prebiotics and probiotics in animal nutrition: implications for food safety, sustainability, and circular production systems.","authors":"João Victor Dos Anjos Almeida, Julia Memrava Cabrera, Mauro de Medeiros Oliveira, Ricardo Pinheiro de Souza Oliveira, Alessandro M Varani","doi":"10.1007/s42770-026-02033-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42770-026-02033-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The pursuit of sustainable and efficient animal production systems has intensified global interest in microbiota-targeted nutritional strategies. This review synthesizes current research on prebiotics and probiotics, selectively utilized microbial substrates and beneficial live microorganisms, respectively, that confer health benefits, across major livestock and aquaculture sectors, including poultry, swine, ruminants, fish, and shrimp. It examines the fundamental role of host-specific gut microbiomes in regulating health and productivity and elucidates how prebiotics, alone or in synergistic formulations with probiotics, modulate these microbial communities. Mechanisms of action involve enhanced nutrient digestibility, improved intestinal morphology and barrier integrity, selective stimulation of beneficial bacteria (e.g., Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium), suppression of pathogens (e.g., Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Vibrio), and potentiation of innate and humoral immune responses. Consistent evidence demonstrates that microbiota-targeted interventions improve key zootechnical indicators, including weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and carcass quality, while enhancing animal welfare and resilience to environmental and physiological stressors. A pivotal finding is their ability to reduce reliance on antimicrobial agents, addressing antibiotic resistance and aligning with consumer demand for ethical and natural production systems. Furthermore, this review highlights the valorisation of agro-industrial by-products (e.g., fruit pomace, cereal brans) and novel substrates such as Hermetia illucens (black soldier fly) as functional, cost-effective sources that embed animal nutrition within a circular bioeconomy framework. By integrating multidisciplinary findings from terrestrial and aquatic species, this review concludes that microbiota-based functional nutrition is indispensable for advancing next-generation sustainable animal production, uniting productivity, environmental stewardship, and animal welfare while supporting safe, ethical, and climate-resilient food systems worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":9090,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13400549/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148577067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pangenomic and genomic plasticity analyses of the genus Rickettsia.","authors":"Paula Cristina de Magalhães, Andrei Giacchetto Felice, Siomar de Castro Soares","doi":"10.1007/s42770-026-02030-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42770-026-02030-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Rickettsia genus comprises obligate intracellular bacteria transmitted by arthropods and responsible for clinically relevant zoonoses, rickettsioses, such as spotted fever and typhus. The difficulty of cultivating these bacteria in vitro reinforces the importance of in silico approaches, such as pangenomic and genomic plasticity analyses. This study analyzed 165 genomes from 31 Rickettsia species available in the REFSEQ (NCBI) database. Tools such as Orthofinder, ANIclustermap, Gegenees, and Mauve were used to classify genes into core, shared, and singletons, assess genomic similarity, and identify structural rearrangements. The results indicate that the genus has an open pangenome (α = 0,842), suggesting high genetic variability and adaptive and expansion potential. Species such as R. typhi exhibited a nearly closed pangenome (α = 0,999), with high genomic conservation, whereas R. rhipicephali showed an open pangenome (α = 0,876), reflecting greater plasticity and intraspecies diversity. Functional categorization of genes revealed that the core genome is associated with vital functions, while singletons include genes related to genetic mobility, indicating possible acquisition through horizontal transfer. Synteny analysis demonstrated high gene conservation in R. typhi and extensive structural reorganization in R. rhipicephali. Statistical correlation reinforced the stability of the core genome regardless of pangenome expansion and revealed an inverse relationship between the number of singletons and the value of α. The findings demonstrate the existence of contrasting evolutionary trajectories within the Rickettsia genus, with conserved, specialized species coexisting alongside genetically dynamic species that are more adaptable to different niches. Thus, this study expands the understanding of clonality, genomic plasticity, and functional diversity within the genus, providing support for future investigations into virulence factors, vaccine targets, and bacterial evolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":9090,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13400510/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148576972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upstream endotoxin removal in recombinant protein purification: an optimised pre-cell disruption strategy for reducing endotoxin contamination of inclusion bodies in Escherichia coli.","authors":"Shahin Hadadian, Mina Sepahi, Mohaddeseh Sheikh Abbasi, Samira Komijani","doi":"10.1007/s42770-026-02015-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42770-026-02015-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endotoxin contamination remains a critical challenge in recombinant protein production using Gram-negative bacteria, particularly for intracellularly expressed, positively charged proteins prone to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) binding. This study introduces an efficient upstream strategy for LPS removal before the cell disruption, aimed at reducing the endotoxin contamination load in the downstream purification process. A recombinant cationic protein (named as 4mer-S3-DP) was expressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli) BL21 (DE3), and biomass was treated with varying concentrations and incubation times of Tris-HCl and EDTA, as defined by a central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM). Endotoxin levels in inclusion bodies (IBs) were quantified using a chromogenic Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL) assay, and statistical modelling was performed to optimize treatment conditions. The final quadratic model demonstrated high predictive accuracy, and response surface analysis revealed that both insufficient and excessive treatment conditions could increase endotoxin contamination. Optimal conditions, consisting of 70 mM Tris-HCl for 30 min and 60 mM EDTA for 5 min, achieved a 2.7-log reduction in endotoxin levels (99.8%) without compromising protein integrity, as confirmed by SDS-PAGE analysis. Experimental validation of the optimum criteria predicted by this model showed no significant difference between predicted and observed endotoxin levels of IBs. This upstream intervention as a simple and effective endotoxin removal approach before the cell lysis could be adaptable to other recombinant proteins expressed in Gram-negative bacterial.</p>","PeriodicalId":9090,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13396096/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148577130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of D-limonene and nisin: the action on vegetative cells and spores of Alicyclobacillus spp. in processed orange juice.","authors":"Jean Lopes da Silva, Emilly Brito Ferreira, Laines Cassiano Sumera, Maria Fernanda Giugiolli, Evandro Bona, Danielle Lazarin Bidóia, Fabrícia Gimenes, Jane Martha Graton Mikcha, Beatriz Cervejeira Bolanho Barros, Benício Alves de Abreu Filho","doi":"10.1007/s42770-026-02024-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42770-026-02024-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Contamination by Alicyclobacillus spp. is a challenge in the juice and acidic beverage industry, since it can cause spoilage and, consequently, economic losses. Natural preservatives are interesting strategies as an alternative search for microbial growth control in food, in particular the use of D-limonene (DL) and nisin (Nis). This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the DL combination and Nis against five strains of Alicyclobacillus spp. A. acidoterrestris (CBMAI 0244^T); A. herbarius (CBMAI 0246^T); A. acidiphilus (CBMAI 0247^T); A. hesperidum (CBMAI 0298^T) and A. sendaiensis (KCTC 3843^T). The interaction among the compounds was initially determined in culture medium by the checkerboard method, and the efficacy was evaluated by disk diffusion tests, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). Subsequently, the combination was evaluated in orange juice to determine the Minimum Sporicidal Concentration (MSC). The checkerboard results against A. acidoterrestris revealed synergism, with a Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI) of 0.07. The combination (DL + Nis) demonstrated larger inhibition halos (24-26 mm) compared to DL (10-11 mm) and Nis (20-24 mm) alone. The MIC values of the combination were reduced, ranging from 0.12 to 3.90 µg/mL which means it was bactericidal for all strains. In reconstituted orange juice, the combination was effective, with a MSC of 0.48 µg/mL against A. acidoterrestris spores. Electron microscopy revealed significant morphological damage and signs of cell lysis in treatments with the combination, suggesting a loss of membrane integrity consistent with the observed synergistic effect. Additionally, DL showed antioxidant activity of 0.23 µmol Trolox/100 g (ABTS), 91.67 µmol Trolox/100 g (FRAP), and electronic nose (E-nose) analysis demonstrated that the combination did not significantly alter the volatile profile of the juice. Therefore, the combination of D-limonene and nisin represents a natural alternative with potential for the control of Alicyclobacillus spp. in commercial orange juice.</p>","PeriodicalId":9090,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13396087/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148577025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacological potential of the marine peptide cyclo(L-phenylalanyl-L-prolyl) against both multidrug-resistant, gram-negative Acinetobacter baumannii and gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus: structure - activity relationship, computational and experimental studies.","authors":"Sriram Shankar, Meyappan Vadivel, Udit Kumar, Subhashree Subhasmita Nayak, Natarajan Sakthivel","doi":"10.1007/s42770-026-02031-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42770-026-02031-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The marine cyclic dipeptide, cyclo(phenylalanine-proline) (cFP), exhibits promising antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities. The balanced reactivity and stability of the compound, which are conducive to multi-target interactions, were identified using the density functional theory (DFT) calculations, and PASS (Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances) analysis predicted cFP's antimicrobial activity based on its structure-activity relationship. Antibacterial efficacy was determined by MIC and MBC with values of 200-250 µg/mL and 400-500 µg/mL, respectively, against Acinetobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus. Time-kill kinetics demonstrated bacteriostatic effects at sub-MIC concentrations, and bactericidal activity at higher concentrations, with 3D growth curves suggesting dose-dependent inhibition. The cFP mildly elevates intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), depletes the antioxidant glutathione, and, through ROS generation, only partially attenuated by N-acetylcysteine scavenging, indicating that redox perturbation contributes to, but does not solely account for, its antimicrobial activity. The cFP demonstrated potent antibiofilm potential, achieving a 79.3% reduction in mature biofilm biomass at 100 µg/mL, with marked fragmentation observed microscopically at sub-MIC doses. Extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) production was inhibited dose-dependently, exceeding 60% suppression at the highest concentrations. Furthermore, cFP significantly reduced bacterial cell surface hydrophobicity, thereby impairing adhesion mechanisms critical for biofilm formation. Molecular docking and 100 ns MD simulations suggest that cFP can form stable interactions with virulence-associated proteins, including FabI, AceR, GyrB, and SarA, which are established antibacterial or antivirulence targets with known reference ligands such as triclosan, chlorhexidine, novobiocin, and 2-[(methylamino)methyl]phenol, respectively. The cFP exhibited strong hemocompatibility with minimal hemolytic activity (< 5%), indicating low erythrocyte membrane toxicity. Taken together, the experimental and computational findings suggest that cFP is a promising antimicrobial lead and warrant further mechanistic and translational investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9090,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13391995/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148547821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibition and disruption of bacterial biofilms by a bipyridine-ruthenium complex: a broad-spectrum in vitro study.","authors":"Gülseren Çeti̇nkaya, Nazime Mercan Doğan, Çiğdem Şahi̇n","doi":"10.1007/s42770-026-02032-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42770-026-02032-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biofilms, communities of microorganisms, are important in the medical and pharmaceutical sectors due to their potential to contaminate medical implants and other equipment. Because their thick matrix makes them resistant to antiseptics, disinfectants, and drugs, biofilms are difficult to eliminate. Therefore, this study investigated the antibiofilm potential of a ruthenium-based complex incorporating the bipyridine ligand CS27. Using the XTT reduction assay, the inhibitory and disruptive effects of CS27 on bacterial biofilms were assessed in vitro for a panel of clinically and industrially relevant bacterial species: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAO1), Escherichia coli (ATCC 8739), Listeria monocytogenes (NCTC 11994), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 19433), Listeria innocua (6a) (ATCC 32090), Streptococcus parasanguinis (ATCC 15909), Bacillus cereus (ATCC 10876), and Enterococcus hirae (ATCC 10541). Treatment with 40 µM CS27 substantially inhibited biofilm formation by P. aeruginosa (63.27%), E. coli (92.59%), S. aureus (82.68%), and E. faecalis (95.44%). A higher concentration (65 µM) inhibited biofilm concentration L. innocua (6a) (43.71%) and B. cereus (43.15%). However, CS27 did not significantly inhibit biofilm formation by E. hirae and S. parasanguinis. Disruption assays revealed that the efficacy was determined more by the duration of CS27 exposure than by biofilm maturity. Fluorescence microscopy of cells stained with propidium iodide, and DAPI-CTC confirmed a noticeable reduction in biofilm density in CS27-treated samples compared to untreated controls. Collectively, these findings highlight CS27 as a promising candidate for preventing and disrupting bacterial biofilms.</p>","PeriodicalId":9090,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13391483/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148547848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uneven global coverage of halophilic metagenomes limits comparative analyses of microbial adaptation to saline environments.","authors":"Camila de Souza Vieira, Leandro Nascimento Lemos, Daniel Kumazawa Morais, Alexandre Soares Rosado, Victor Satler Pylro","doi":"10.1007/s42770-026-02017-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42770-026-02017-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Halophilic microorganisms are central to biotechnology, bioremediation, and astrobiology because they persist under extreme and polyextreme conditions analogous to extraterrestrial environments. Although metagenomics has transformed the study of halophilic biodiversity, available datasets remain fragmented and unevenly documented. To assess how halophilic metagenomic research reflects the global exploration of hypersaline environments, we analyzed PubMed-indexed studies and associated sequencing metadata deposited at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Sequence Read Archive (SRA) using a curation workflow. Our quantitative analysis reveals a severe geographic bias linked to uneven global research investment (Gini coefficient = 0.736), with a small number of countries contributing to many publicly available datasets. In contrast, the environmental distribution of these samples showed moderate ecological uniformity (Pielou's Evenness = 0.818), though we identified pervasive gaps in metadata completeness that hinder dataset interoperability. Our curated dataset highlights a strong research focus on polyextremophilic habitats, positioning these ecosystems as prime targets for biotechnological and astrobiological bioprospecting. Additionally, the geographical bias highlights the need for interoperable global data frameworks and more equitable investment in data generation and analysis, especially in underrepresented regions of the Global South.</p>","PeriodicalId":9090,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13391466/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148547803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}