Brazilian Journal of Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) isolated from chicks and embryos in the hatchery.","authors":"Renata Pamela Barrachini Steffen, Beatriz Queiroz, Aline Tujimoto Silva, Victoria Galdino Pavlenco Rocha, Letícia Soares Franco, Fernanda Borges Barbosa, Terezinha Knöbl","doi":"10.1007/s42770-025-01686-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42770-025-01686-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is the most common cause of omphalitis. This disease affects newborn chicks up to the 7th day of life, causing high mortality and reduced performance of broilers. The study aimed to determine the frequency of APEC occurrence in embryos and newly hatched chicks. E. coli isolates were subjected to PCR to identify the minimal predictive virulence factors, phylogenetic groups, and predictive identification of the clonal complex (CC) ST131, ST117, and ST95. The phenotypic analysis assessed the antimicrobial resistance profile. A total of 254 samples were analyzed and 60.63% (n = 154/254) were positive for E. coli, of which 35.71% (n = 55/154) were classified as APEC (60% (n = 33/55) isolated in the yolk sac of day-old chicks, 29.09% (n = 16/55) in pipped eggs and 10.91% (n = 6/55) in embryonated eggs). The B2 phylogenetic group accounted for 21.81% (n = 12/55), with an increase in the contamination by B2 strains during the incubation process, from 6.25% (n = 1) to 30.30% (n = 10). We also identified 14.54% (n = 8/55) strains for the G group. The sequence types ST131 and ST117 were observed at the same frequency (10.90%, n = 6), followed by ST95 (3.6%, n = 2). A total of 27.27% were considered multidrug-resistant strains (MDR). The highest resistance rate was amoxicillin (43.64%, n = 24) and tetracycline (25.45%, n = 14). To a lesser extent, levels of resistance to critical drugs commonly used in hatcheries were identified, such as ceftiofur (20%, n = 11) and gentamicin (7%, n = 4).</p>","PeriodicalId":9090,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"2037-2043"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12350974/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143962923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ovine gammaherpesvirus-2 associated manifestations with concomitant polioencephalomalacia, bovine alphaherpesvirus 1-related pneumonia, and caseous lymphadenitis in a sheep.","authors":"Selwyn Arlington Headley, Alais Maria Dall Agnol, Rafael Vince Rodrigues, Allana Sophie Fernandes Bechara, Ana Aparecida Correa Xavier, Priscilla Fajardo Valente Pereira, Amauri Alcindo Alfieri","doi":"10.1007/s42770-025-01682-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42770-025-01682-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ovine gammaherpesvirus 2 (OvGHV2), is a member of the Macavirus genus, shares the 15 A antigenic epitope that is common to members of the malignant catarrhal fever virus (MCFV) complex, and induces sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever (SA-MCF) in susceptible mammalian hosts. Sheep, the adapted hosts, rarely show pathological evidence of infection. This study describes the unusual SA-MCF lesions in a lamb, with concomitant polioencephalomalacia (PEM), bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoAHV1)-associated pneumonia, and caseous lymphadenitis. A 4-month-old, male, Santa Ines sheep died after presenting clinical manifestations of a neurological syndrome suggestive of PEM. Routine post-mortem evaluations identified rib impressions on the plural surface of the lungs, pulmonary and lymph node abscesses, and marked flattening of the cerebral gyri and narrowing of the sulci. Histopathology revealed interstitial pneumonia, suppurative bacterial bronchopneumonia, pulmonary abscesses, lymphoplasmacytic interstitial nephritis, myocarditis, and hepatitis. The brain had histological evidence of PEM. Immunohistochemistry detected intralesional intracytoplasmic antigens of MCFV within epithelial cells of the lungs, liver, kidney, and small intestine. OvGHV2 DNA was amplified from the spleen, liver, kidney, and myocardium. Other common infectious disease pathogens of sheep were not detected. Accordingly, neuropathological manifestations of PEM, with concomitant caseous lymphadenitis, and infections by BoAHV1 and OvGHV2 were diagnosed. The neurological disease is hypothesized to have disrupted the normal biological functions in this lamb, while immunosuppression caused by BoAHV1 might have reactivated a latent OvGHV2 infection. Consequently, it seems that sheep may present pathological evidence of OvGHV2-induced lesions when there is a concomitant debilitating disease condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":9090,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"2205-2223"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12350990/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143963069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation, identification and extent of positivity of Bubaline alphaherpesvirus 1 (BuAHV1) in India.","authors":"Rachamreddy Venkata Chandrasekhar Reddy, Naveena Thodangala, Hariprasad Naidu Gonuguntla, Govinda Udayar Sai Poojitha, Kavya Deepika Chandaka, Manasa Gujjala, Priyanka Palamuru, Kota Sri Naga Leela Surendra, Laxmi Narayan Sarangi, Nadikerianda Muthappa Ponnanna","doi":"10.1007/s42770-025-01670-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42770-025-01670-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR), caused by bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoAHV1), is a significant economic challenge to the dairy industry worldwide. This study investigated the prevalence and characteristics of bubaline alphaherpesvirus 1 (BuAHV1) in water buffaloes in India, a species crucial to the country's dairy industry. Extended frozen semen (EFS) from cattle and buffaloes was screened for ruminant herpesvirus using MDBK cell lines. Cytopathic effects (CPEs) indicative of herpesvirus infection were confirmed by real-time PCR targeting the gB gene. Phylogenetic analysis of glycoprotein genes [UL27 (gB), UL44 (gC), US6 (gD), and US8 (gE)] identified three BuAHV1 isolates, which clustered with Brazilian strains. Serum samples collected from the infected bulls were positive in gB ELISA and negative in gE ELISA test. Cross-neutralization assays revealed that, the serum neutralized both the BoAHV1 and BuAHV1 viruses, with higher titres recorded for the BuAHV1 virus. Epidemiological analysis of IBR-positive serum samples (n = 677) by a differential ELISA indicated widespread BuAHV1 infection in buffaloes (29.6%) and cattle (6.6%). The results of the majority of the samples (54.1%) were inconclusive suggesting likely co-infection. The presence of both BoAHV1 and BuAHV1 was recorded in 24 out of the 39 farms studied. These findings underscore the need for further research to understand the epidemiology, pathogenic potential and impact of BuAHV1 on productivity in ruminants, facilitating the development of targeted control measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":9090,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"2045-2057"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12350907/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143969144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of multi-drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from diseased Clarias gariepinus.","authors":"Olayinka Remilekun Anifowose, Gbolahanmi Akinola Oladosu, Olayinka Ayotunde Oridupa","doi":"10.1007/s42770-025-01684-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42770-025-01684-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Klebsiella pneumoniae is associated with substantial economic losses in the fish industry and with food-borne illness in humans. This study aimed to determine the incidence and antibiogram profiles of multi-drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from diseased Clarias gariepinus. A total of 384 diseased Clarias gariepinus that showed clinical signs of red spots and hemorrhages on the pectoral fin were sampled from commercial fish farms in Lagos, Ogun, and Oyo States, Nigeria. Samples of fin, liver, kidney, and gill were taken from diseased C. gariepinus. Samples were subjected to bacteriological examinations and isolates were identified based on morphological characteristics, biochemical tests, and 16 S rRNA gene characterisation. The retrieved isolates were tested for sequence analysis and antibiogram profile. The incidence of K. pneumoniae among the examined diseased Clarias gariepinus was 61.7% (237/384). The highest prevalence was observed in the gill (32.9%). The percentage of K. Pneumoniae isolates in diseased C. gariepinus from selected Southwest states were; Lagos State 46.8%, Ogun State 78.1%, and Oyo State 60.1% (p > 0.05). The phylogenetic analyses revealed that the tested K. pneumoniae strains shared high genetic similarity with other K. pneumoniae strains from South Africa, Saudi Arabia, India, USA, Spain, Bangladesh, and China. Antibiogram profiles revealed that 100% (120/120) of the retrieved K. pneumoniae strains were MDR to four different antimicrobial classes (penicillins, tetracyclines, nitroimidazole, and macrolides). This is the first report to reveal the occurrence of MDR K. pneumoniae in diseased C. gariepinus, an emergence that represents a risk to public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":9090,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1997-2006"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12350899/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143976213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting the gene loss of respiratory requirements for Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Enteritidis in the chicken infection model.","authors":"Daniel F M Monte, Mauro de Mesquita Souza Saraiva, Julia Memrava Cabrera, Adriana Maria de Almeida, Jacqueline Boldrin de Paiva, Lauanda Monteriro Muniz, Tulio Spina de Lima, Oliveiro Caetano de Freitas Neto, Paul A Barrow, Angelo Berchieri Junior","doi":"10.1007/s42770-025-01683-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42770-025-01683-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Salmonella strains are able to use tetrathionate as a terminal respiratory electron acceptor. Here we report the role of ttrRSBCA operon in Salmonella-challenged broilers. Signature-tagged mutagenesis was used to construct defective strains of S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis carrying deletions in the whole ttr operon (ΔttrRSBCA) followed by measurement of faecal shedding and cecal colonization counts. Regarding fecal excretion, S. Typhimurium mutant strain harbouring deletion in ttrRSBCA were excreted in similar numbers than the parental wild-type strain during the experimental period, while the SEΔttrRSBCA strain was excreted slightly less in comparison to the wild-type strain. Furthermore, our findings revealed partial attenuation of STMΔttrRSBCA at 2, 5, 7, and 28 days post-infection (dpi), whereas the SEΔttrRSBCA strain was recovered in lower numbers compared to the parental strain at 5, 14, and 28 dpi. These results indicate that such mutations must be accompanied by other genetic changes to obtain a complete attenuation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9090,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"2263-2268"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12350878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143980378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic signatures of resistance and adaptability in Aeromonas and Pseudomonas from a Brazilian Hope Spot.","authors":"Anna Luiza Bauer Canellas, Marianne Pataro Mello, Rodolfo Paranhos, Marinella Silva Laport","doi":"10.1007/s42770-025-01706-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42770-025-01706-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Cagarras Islands Archipelago, a marine protected area in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, is endowed with a rich and abundant biodiversity. Despite being a \"Hope Spot\" for marine conservation, it suffers from the impacts of urban pollution, given its proximity to a major metropolis. To date, few studies have delved into the characterization of the bacterial community in the Cagarras Islands, and limited knowledge regarding the pollution effects on a microbiological scale is available. This study presents the first genomic characterization of seven potentially pathogenic strains of Aeromonas and Pseudomonas isolated from water samples collected in four expeditions. Whole genome sequencing was conducted to assess antimicrobial and heavy metal resistance, as well as pathogenicity. Comparative genomic analyses were performed using additional Aeromonas and Pseudomonas genomes from different sources. The identification of multiple genes associated with heavy metal resistance, alongside clinically relevant antimicrobial resistance genes such as mcr-3 (conferring resistance to the last-resort antimicrobial colistin) and bla_OXA (associated with beta-lactam resistance), showcases the adaptability of these strains and the presence of potentially pathogenic, and antibiotic-resistant bacteria in a protected marine ecosystem. This study highlights the complex genomic landscape of bacteria isolated from a Brazilian Hope Spot, underscoring the importance of integrated microbial monitoring strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9090,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1641-1651"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12350978/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of lichen symbiotic bacteria-derived indole-3-acetic acid on the stress responses of an algal-fungal symbiont.","authors":"Yan-Yu Lin, Han-Chen Ho, Jui-Yu Chou","doi":"10.1007/s42770-025-01693-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42770-025-01693-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lichens, comprising filamentous fungi and algae/cyanobacteria engaged in mutualistic symbiosis, exhibit remarkable adaptability to environmental challenges. While fungi safeguard algae from dry conditions, their ability to mitigate other stresses remains uncertain. Additionally, the functions of coexisting bacteria within lichen communities remain relatively unexplored. This study investigates the potential of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) as a stress-response signaling molecule in lichen symbiosis. We subjected IAA-treated monocultures of algae and co-cultures of the fungal-algal complex to various stress conditions. IAA's role in bolstering resilience was evident, as demonstrated by the release of IAA (0-500 µM) by bacteria isolated from the lichen Parmelia tinctorum. This IAA was subsequently utilized by the lichen photobionts to alleviate oxidative stress. IAA acted as a communication signal, priming algal cells to defend against impending stressors. Further microscopic examinations unveiled that only the fibrous extensions were exposed in fungal cells that were in direct physical contact with viable algal cells. Co-cultivation and subsequent microscopic observations revealed that the algal cells were protected from diverse stressors by a barrier of fungal hyphae. Our findings underscore the significance of IAA in enhancing stress resistance within the context of lichen symbiosis, thereby advancing our understanding of the adaptability of these unique organisms. Further exploration of bacterial functions in lichen symbiosis holds promise for uncovering novel insights into their ecology and biology.</p>","PeriodicalId":9090,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1567-1584"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12350925/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144109634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro controlled release of the probiotic strain Bacillus licheniformis PPL2016 microencapsulated: Simulating the digestive system by age class and sex in the blue swimming crab Callinectes arcuatus.","authors":"Luis Abraham Cota-Gastélum, Miguel Ángel Reyes-López, Ruth Escamilla-Montes, Antonio Luna-González, Carlos Ligne Calderón-Vázquez, Genaro Diarte-Plata","doi":"10.1007/s42770-025-01674-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42770-025-01674-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This work aims to encapsulate Bacillus licheniformis PPL2016 (12 × 10⁶ CFU/mL), a marine probiotic characterized at a biochemical and molecular level, in sodium alginate (2%) microparticles and to evaluate its controlled and directed release in a simulated digestive system (DS) of the swimming crab Callinectes arcuatus, considering the following age classes and sexes: Adult Female, Juvenile Female, Adult Male, and Juvenile. The encapsulation process was carried out using the ionic gelation technique. The microcapsules were characterized physiochemically by their size, morphology, number of encapsulated bacteria after the encapsulation process, as well as bacterial survival after 45 days of storage (4 °C). The in vitro release and survival studies of bacteria inside the organs that make up the DS of C. arcuatus were carried out using a protocol developed in our laboratory by applying extracts of dissected organs from the DS (stomach, hepatopancreas and intestine) of the swimming crab. A χ² test (α = 0.05) was performed at linearization (Log₁₀) of the percentages of the controlled releases of microencapsulated B. licheniformis PPL2016 at different times (0 h, 4 h, 8 h, 12 h), corresponding to the extracts of the organs which simulated the digestive system of C. arcuatus. After biochemical characterization B. licheniformis PPL2016 was considered probiotic bacteria. Microparticles with an average size of 602 to 639 µm were obtained after using the ionic gelation method. Bacterial survival and encapsulation efficacy showed high cell viability and performance above 77.94%. Stability studies showed that storage at a temperature of 4 °C, kept almost 100% of viable bacteria for 15 days; however, cell viability decreased to a survival of 90% after 30 days of storage at this temperature. Regardless of reduced cell viability after 30 days, there are enough viable bacterial cells. Release and survival studies showed that alginate particles had a protective effect on bacteria, these results suggest that microparticles can be produced by a low-cost method. In juvenile males, the percentage of release of probiotic bacteria was greater in TIV in the enzyme extract of the intestine (12 h) with 95 ± 0.45%. Juvenile males had the lowest in vitro release at the stomach stage (0 h) and thus marks the significance for their low release of microcapsules at the beginning of the in vitro release (χ² = 6.7509; χ²_{Calculated Pool} = 13.5188; χ²_{Calculated Critical (0.05, 21)} = 11.5919; p < 0.05), with the highest significance in the intestine (12 h) (χ² = 1.2602; χ²_{Calculated Pool} = 13.5188; χ²_{Calculated Critical (0.05, 21)} = 11.5919; p < 0.05). Significant differences in vitro bacterial release were recorded for age classes and sexes of C. arcuatus.</p>","PeriodicalId":9090,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"2007-2026"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12350983/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144062138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tilapia Lake Virus (TiLV), Aeromonas caviae and aquatic environmental variation- the triad stressors lead mass mortality in Oreochromis niloticus in wetlands of West Bengal, India.","authors":"Asit Kumar Bera, Manoharmayum Shaya Devi, Debasmita Mohanty, Prasenjit Paria, Nabanita Chakraborty, Saikat Dey, Ramesh Chandra Malick, Ranjan Kumar Manna, Amiya Kumar Sahoo, Hemanta Chowdhury, Basanta Kumar Das","doi":"10.1007/s42770-025-01715-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42770-025-01715-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9090,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"2169-2179"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12350863/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144474020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of RT-LAMP assay for variants of HCV in Pakistan.","authors":"Zilwa Mumtaz, Sharmeen Saqib, Muhammad Zubair Yousaf, Muhammad Farhan Ul Haque","doi":"10.1007/s42770-025-01745-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42770-025-01745-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9090,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1721-1734"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12350966/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}