Evaluation of the impact of synthesized carbon nanoparticles on extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae: investigating antibacterial and cytotoxic properties.

Abstract

Misuse of antibiotics has created antimicrobial-resistance (AMR) Klebsiella pneumoniae with extended-spectrum- beta-lactamase (ESBL), linked to urinary-tract-infections (UTIs). This study explores these strains and the potential of green carbon nanoparticles as a new antibiotic treatment. PCR (polymerase chain reaction) was used to identify specific genes (bla_SHV, bla_CTX-M and bla_TEM) in AMR- Klebsiella pneumonia of ESBL- positive. Additionally, the antibacterial and cytotoxic effect of the green nanoparticles were established by determining the minimum-inhibitory-concentration (MIC), the agar disc diffusion, and MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. Ten species were confirmed as ESBL strains using cefotaxime-clavulanic acid and ceftazidime-clavulanic acid combination discs. Nine strains carried the bla_SHV gene, 10 strains carried the bla_CTX-M gene and seven strains carried the bla_TEM gene. Also, MIC corresponded to the 0.2 mg/mL concentration of the nanoparticles, and they showed no cytotoxicity to the CRL-2522 cell line at concentrations lower than 0.4 mg/mL. The rampant spread of antibiotic-resistance genes seems to be driving the surge of multidrug-resistance among ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae. It seems that carbon-nanoparticles prepared from pine fruit soot have the ability to deal with this problem. They could also be integrated into various healthcare products, such as topical antimicrobials, to facilitate wound healing and combat bacterial infections.