BMC Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Effectiveness of gamification-based teaching in approach to eye trauma: a randomized educational intervention trial.","authors":"Meysam Siyah Mansoory, Danial Yousefi, Seyyed Mohsen Azizi, Leila Rezaei","doi":"10.1186/s12886-024-03726-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-024-03726-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Ophthalmology education is evolving with the use of new teaching approaches. Teaching based on gamification is one of the new developments in health professions education. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of gamification-based virtual reality on the learning outcome of students regarding the highly important topic of approach to eye trauma.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This randomized educational intervention trial with a control group was conducted at Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS). A total of 10 ophthalmology residents and 60 medical students were recruited in this study (each group comprised 5 residents and 30 medical students). Individuals were randomly divided into two teaching groups gamification method (intervention group) and lecture-based method (Control group). Data were collected through questionnaires and tests and analyzed by SPSS-26 software using descriptive and analytical statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Residents and medical students evaluated the usability of this method to be favorable (132.72 ± 10.17). In resident students (16.80 ± 2.58, 13.60 ± 1.14, P ≤ 0.05) and medicine students (17.27 ± 4.50, 15.20 ± 0.71, P ≤ 0.05), the mean score of learning outcome score in the intervention group was higher than the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Gamification-based teaching is an effective educational strategy that can be used as a complementary educational tool for teaching ophthalmology residents and medical students.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"24 1","pages":"457"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11488274/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142457682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Central retinal artery occlusion as the initial manifestation of mixed connective tissue disease in a young woman: a case report.","authors":"Kou Liu, Yuzhu Liu, Xiaohan Yang, Li Cui, Chunli Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12886-024-03713-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-024-03713-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Retinal artery occlusions are rare amongst young adults, and relevant risk factors and etiology remain unclear. In this report, we present a case of central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) as the initial manifestation of mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) in a young woman.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 22-year-old female presented to the emergency department with a sudden decrease in visual acuity in her right eye for 1 hour. She reported a similar episode in her left eye five years prior, which resolved spontaneously after 2 hours. Initially misdiagnosed with optic neuritis in the right eye at another hospital, she was referred to our institution the following day. Clinical examination revealed a CRAO in her right eye. A detailed medical history revealed that she had developed livedo reticularis (LR) on both lower limbs five years ago, which had been overlooked and untreated. Further rheumatologic history, hematologic tests, and an autoimmune work-up confirmed a diagnosis of mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In young patients presenting with CRAO, further examinations should be conducted to investigate systemic disease or an embolic source to prevent future sequelae.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"24 1","pages":"454"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11481478/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142457678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple cytokine analysis of aqueous humor in uveitis with or without secondary glaucoma.","authors":"Junyan Xiao, Chan Zhao, Gangwei Cheng, Hang Song, Yang Zhang, Meifen Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12886-024-03691-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-024-03691-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To assess the level of both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the aqueous humor (AH) of patients suffering from uveitis, with or without coexisting glaucoma, and compare them with patients diagnosed with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and those with age-related cataract (ARC). By using Luminex xMAP® multiplex assays analyses, we assessed levels of 11 cytokines and chemokines, and compared them across groups, including uveitis-secondary glaucoma (USG) (n = 16), uveitis without glaucoma (UwoG), (n = 16), POAG (n = 16), and ARC (n = 16) to explore the correlation between these cytokines and the presence of uveitis, as well as intraocular pressure (IOP). Pro-inflammatory factors MCP-1, MIP-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and transforming growth factors TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 were significantly elevated in the AH of USG eyes. In the case of enhanced anti-inflammatory in the perioperative period, the pro-inflammatory factors remained notably elevated in the USG group compared to the UwoG group (P < 0.01). The levels of IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1 in the AH of the USG group and POAG group had the same trend, which markedly surpassed those of the ARC group (P < 0.01). Significantly increased levels of MCP-1, MIP-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TGF-β1, and TGF-β2 were found in the AH of USG patients, implying a potential role for these mediators in the progression of glaucomatous manifestations within patients with uveitis. Besides the analysis revealed no discernible statistical disparity in cytokine concentrations within the AH of USG eyes whether the preoperative baseline IOP was greater than 30 mmHg or not, indicating that the safety of antiglaucoma surgery in USG patients even with baseline high IOP.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"24 1","pages":"451"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11476388/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142457696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Refractive error and ocular alignment in school-aged children from low-income areas of São Paulo, Brazil.","authors":"Arthur Gustavo Fernandes, Rodrigo Galvão Vianna, Debora Cristina Gabriel, Bruna Gil Ferreira, Eduardo Parente Barbosa, Solange Rios Salomão, Mauro Campos","doi":"10.1186/s12886-024-03710-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-024-03710-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Uncorrected refractive errors and amblyopia are reported as the two main causes of childhood visual impairment and blindness worldwide. Our purpose was to evaluate refractive status, ocular alignment and effective refractive error coverage (eREC) of school-aged children from low-income areas of Sao Paulo city, Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the \"Ver na Escola\" Project were used for the current study. Children enrolled in the selected schools had an ophthalmic exam including eye alignment assessed by cover test, automatized and subjective dynamic and static refraction. The associations of demographic variables with occurrence and magnitude of refractive errors and eREC were investigated by multiple logistic regressions and multilevel mixed effect models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 17,973 children (51.12% females) with mean ± sd age 8.24 ± 3.54 years old examined from July 2018 to July 2019, were included in the study. Most of the participants (73%) showed orthoposition of the visual axis for both distance and near. Heterophoria was found in about 25% of participants (N = 4,498), with 71.7% of them (N= 3,222) classified as exophoria. Less than 2% (N = 232) showed strabismus, most of them (N = 160) esotropia. Overall, 1,370 (7.70%) of participants had myopia and 577 (3.24%) had hyperopia. Age was found to be significantly associated with increasing static subjective refraction spherical equivalent (Coefficient: -0.18; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): -0.21 to -0.16; p < 0.001). Female sex (Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.13; 95%CI: 1.01-1.27; p = 0.027) and older age (OR = 1.17; 95%CI: 1.16-1.19; p < 0,001) were significantly associated with myopia diagnosis. Older age decreased the odds of hyperopia (OR = 0.95; 95%CI: 0.93-0.98; p < 0.001). The overall effective refractive coverage was 51.76% and was significantly associated with age group, ranging from 32.25% in children aged 3 to 7 years to 61.35% in children aged 8 to 12 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Most children have shown eye alignment for both distance and near assessments and no refractive error. Myopia was observed in 7.70% of the population and it was associated with older age and female sex. Hyperopia was observed in 3.24% and was associated with younger age. The overall eREC was 51.76%, significantly associated with age.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"24 1","pages":"452"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11479561/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142457697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serial intravitreal injections in age-related macular degeneration patients from the dry eye disease perspective: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Serdar Bilici, Neriman Selçuk, Numan Küçük, Suat Hayri Uğurbaş","doi":"10.1186/s12886-024-03727-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-024-03727-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To evaluate the effects of serial intravitreal injections (IVI) on the ocular surface and meibomian glands in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients receiving anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agent injections for unilateral nAMD were included. Untreated fellow eyes served as the control group. All participants followed a pre-IVI asepsis protocol with povidone-iodine (PI). Ocular surface diseases index (OSDI) questionnaire scores, first and average non-invasive tear break-up time (fNITBUT and avgNITBUT), Schirmer-1 test results, corneal staining score (according to Oxford scale), meibomian gland (MG) loss rates of lower and upper eyelids were recorded four weeks after the last IVI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-two nAMD patients with a mean age of 63.3 ± 19.4 were included in the study. The mean OSDI score was 20.3 and the median of IVI number was 9 (6-22). There were no statistically significant difference between treated and untreated fellow eyes regarding fNITBUT (5.6 vs. 4.5, p = 0.872), avgNITBUT (6.2 vs. 7.2, p = 0.968), Shirmer-1 results (7 vs. 7, p = 0.854), corneal staining (0.3 vs. 0.2, p = 0.341), lower and upper MG loss rate (29.3 vs. 28.4, p = 0.162, and 27.1 vs. 26.9, p = 0.476, respectively). Only significant correlation was observed between age with lower and upper MG loss rate (r:0.396, p = 0.042, and r:0.365, p = 0.047).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of the present study demonstrated that serial IVI of anti-VEGF agents with PI asepsis is well tolerated by nAMD patients in terms of ocular surface, MG loss and DED measurements.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"24 1","pages":"453"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11481718/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142457698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful corneal endothelium preservation in the management of epithelial downgrowth with 5-fluorouracil injections and membranectomy.","authors":"Ka Wai Kam, Andre Ma, Joanna Ng, Paul Choi, Wilson Wai Kuen Yip, Alvin L Young","doi":"10.1186/s12886-024-03719-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-024-03719-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 74-year-old Chinese man underwent extracapsular cataract extraction in his right eye and developed a translucent iris membrane 4 months later. He was treated with two intracameral 5-FU injections and membranectomy at 2 weeks apart. At one year following the second membranectomy, the patient maintained a clear cornea without residual or recurrent membrane, an endothelial cell density of 1072 cell/mm², a visual acuity of 20/50 and a normal intraocular pressure. Our technique of using dispersive and cohesive viscoelastics in protecting the corneal endothelium from intracameral 5-FU, helped preserve corneal endothelial cells and maintain corneal clarity at one year after surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"24 1","pages":"450"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11476867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142457699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An investigation on choroidal and retinal thickness alterations in Posner-Schlossman syndrome patients.","authors":"Li Huang, Si Chen, Xiaoqing Li, Qin Feng, Huilong Lu, Jing Mu","doi":"10.1186/s12886-024-03718-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-024-03718-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We aimed to compare choroidal thickness (ChT) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in the affected and contralateral eyes of patients with Posner-Schlossman Syndrome (PSS) during acute, remission, and intermittent phases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective observational study included 18 patients(36 eyes) diagnosed with PSS. These patients underwent a comprehensive ophthalmologic evaluation including slit lamp examination, visual acuity testing, intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement, and funduscopic examination, and assessment of RNFL thickness, macular thickness, and macular ChT. Patient data collected included gender, age, number of keratic precipitates (KPs), and number of episodes. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to measure RNFL thickness, macular thickness, and macular ChT in both eyes during the acute, remission, and intermittent phases. The affected eye was compared with the unaffected eye at each phase.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In affected eyes, macular ChT was lower in the acute phase compared to the remission phase at N1500, N1000, N500, and subfoveal locations (allp < 0.05).The central macular recess ChT was also significantly thinner in the acute phase compared to the intermittent and remission phases. Age significantly correlated with ChT in the central recess (p = .024). Macular thickness was thinner during the acute phase in the affected eye (p = .048). The RNFL in the affected eye was thinner in the intermittent phase than in the acute phase at the inferior-temporal (p = .011) and global sectors (p = .044). During the acute phase, RNFL in the affected eye was thinner at the superior-nasal (p = .049), inferior-temporal (p = .003), and global (p = .041) sectors compared to the unaffected eye. In the intermittent phase, the affected eye's RNFL was thinner at the superior-nasal, inferior-temporal, inferior-nasal, and global sectors compared to the unaffected eye (allp < 0.05), while no difference was observed in both eyes at the nasal, superior-temporal, and temporal sectors. The number of episodes and age were significantly associated with RNFL thickness (p < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrated that in eyes affected by PSS, RNFL, macular ChT, and macular thickness thinned during the acute phase. The number of episodes and age are significant factors in the development of PSS.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"24 1","pages":"449"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11475977/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142457665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in IOL power after laser peripheral iridotomy based on multivariate analysis.","authors":"Xinyu Wang, Shasha Xue, Zhiying Yu, Fenglei Wang, Licun Wang, Yunxiao Wang, Ling Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12886-024-03699-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-024-03699-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effect of laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) on intraocular lens (IOL) power in patients with primary angle closure disease (PACD), and to construct mathematical models to assess changes in IOL power.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 58 eyes of PACD patients. IOL Master700 was used to analyze and compare the changes of IOL power and ocular related parameters in each formula before and after LPI. The number of cases with IOL power changes greater than 0.5 diopters (D) in each group were counted and significant differences were analyzed using Fisher's exact test. Pearson's linear correlation analysis was used to ascertain the relationship between IOL power changes and ocular parameter changes to establish mathematical models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant difference was found in calculated IOL power changes before and after LPI in each group. There was significant difference in the number of cases with IOL change values greater than 0.5D between the primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) and the other two groups for each formula. IOL power changes were mainly associated with △K and △AL. Mathematical models of IOL power changes after LPI were constructed based on linear regression analysis.(PAC group: △IOL_Haigis=0.026-2.950×△AL-1.414×△K, △IOL_{Hoffer Q}=-3.578×△AL-1.412×△K, △IOL_SRK/T=-3.152×△AL-1.114×△K, △IOL_{Holladay 1}=-3.405×△AL-1.291×△K, △IOL_{Holladay 2}=-3.467×△AL-1.483×△K, △IOL_BUII=-3.185×△AL-1.301×△K; PACG group:△IOL_Haigis=-1.632×△K, △IOL_{Hoffer Q}=-3.770×△AL-1.434×△K, △IOL_SRK/T=-3.427×△AL-1.102×△K, △IOL_{Holladay 1}=-3.625×△AL-1.278×△K, △IOL_{Holladay 2}=-4.764×△AL-1.272×△K, △IOL_BUII=-4.935×△AL-1.304×△K).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>LPI will cause changes in some ocular parameters in patients with PACD, with great effects on IOL power calculations was observed in patients with PACG. Mathematical models based on multivariate analysis hold promise for predicting IOL power changes subsequent to LPI.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"24 1","pages":"448"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11472520/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142457679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive analysis of strabismus reoperations: clinical insights and progression factors.","authors":"Rui Niu, Panpan Lv, Rui Hao, Wei Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12886-024-03712-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-024-03712-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To compare and analyze clinical characteristics of patients undergoing two surgeries and multiple surgeries and explore relevant factors to lay the foundation for clinical prediction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data from all patients who underwent twice and multiple strabismus surgeries at Tianjin Eye Hospital between October 2012 and September 2021. Patients were divided into Group A (two surgeries) and Group B (more than two surgeries) based on the cumulative number of surgeries performed. Clinical details at the first recurrence, including sex, age, native place, overall medical history, onset time, visual acuity, affected muscle(s), etc., were documented. Non-parametric tests and chi-square tests were used to analyze clinical characteristics in each group. Binary and ordered logistic regression analysis assessed parameters associated with multiple reoperations. A linear mixed-term model observed factors impacting affected muscle(s) during surgery. Researchers examined clinical traits related to secondary strabismus variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 910 included patients, 840 required two surgeries (Group A) and 70 underwent more than two surgeries (Group B). Significant differences were found in age, onset time, interval time, and secondary factors. Regression analysis highlighted the significant impact of interval time on the reoperation rate, effectively predicting outcomes in patients with concomitant strabismus. Other ophthalmoplegia and secondary factors significantly influenced reoperation rates in patients with non-concomitant strabismus. Interval time, esotropia, and exotropia were linked to concomitant secondary strabismus patients, while the number of surgeries, DVD, esotropia, exotropia, and esotropia V-pattern were associated with non-concomitant secondary strabismus patients. In a longitudinal study, patients with multiple surgeries showed a correlation between the vertical deviation angle magnitude and the number of involved extraocular muscles. Regression analysis revealed that in patients with concomitant strabismus, interval time, exotropia, and esotropia influenced the total number of muscles during surgery. For patients with non-concomitant strabismus, interval time, secondary factors, and SOP impacted the total number of muscles during surgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Interval time in patients with concomitant strabismus, as well as secondary and other ophthalmoplegia in non-concomitant strabismus, are the main factors for multiple reoperations.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"24 1","pages":"446"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11468484/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142406064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence and mechanism of conjunctival chemosis during phacoemulsification.","authors":"Yang Sun, Wenyi Yuan, Yongxiang Jiang, Zhennan Zhao","doi":"10.1186/s12886-024-03670-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-024-03670-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aims to determine the incidence of conjunctival chemosis during phacoemulsification and to explore the possible mechanism and treatments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with or without chemosis during phacoemulsification by the same operator within two years were included. The initial site of chemosis, the chemosis originated time, and the degree of chemosis at the end of the surgery were recorded. The differences in phacoemulsification energy/time and irrigation volume were compared between two groups. Meanwhile, the distance between the clear corneal incision (CCI) and the end of the Bowman's layer, surgically induced astigmatism (SIA), intraocular pressure and central corneal thickness were also compared between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The incidence of intraoperative chemosis was 9.17% (66/720). The distance between CCI and the end of the Bowman's layer in the chemosis group was significantly longer than that in the non-chemosis group postoperatively (P < 0.0001). The initial sites of chemosis were located on both sides of the external opening of the CCI. The average time from the phacoemulsification probe introducing into the anterior chamber to the originating of chemosis was 30.23 ± 49.23s.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Intraoperative chemosis is related to the distance from CCI to the end of Bowmen's layer. The residual conjunctiva around the incision wraps the phacoemulsification probe sleeve to form a passage, the leakage fluid enters the subconjunctiva through this passage, forming chemosis. Conjunctival incision on both sides of CCI can effectively prevent the development of chemosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"24 1","pages":"447"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11470692/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142406065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}