Journal of nutritional disorders & therapy最新文献

{"title":"Reducing childhood obesity: Opportunities for engaging families in school settings","authors":"Laura Rodriguez","doi":"10.4172/2161-0509.C1.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0509.C1.003","url":null,"abstract":"D the extensive research to determine the proper diet for children and create appropriate programs and policies, there has been little inquiry as to whether children themselves know what they should be eating. Childhood obesity has reached a prevalence of 20% of all children in the United States (US) and is recognized as a risk factor for obesity during adulthood, as well as other diseases during childhood and adulthood. It is, therefore, an epidemic at the forefront of many physicians’ and lawmakers’ minds. While healthier options have been added to school lunches, more physical activity has been incorporated into the school day, and nutritional information has been made more available to parents, the movement to end childhood obesity will likely only succeed if the children understand what proper nutrition is. It is ultimately the child’s responsibility to choose the healthy option, and while children are increasingly doing so, there is still considerable room for improvement. Furthermore, many children, even those in healthy weight ranges, suffer from nutrient deficiencies, which can have serious consequences. This survey-based study (results pending) aim to investigate elementary school-age children’s knowledge of nutrition. The findings will suggest whether our society needs to place a higher priority on teaching young children healthy eating, instead of simply providing them with healthy food and not explaining its nutritional benefits. They will also give an indication of how much children may know about the relation of what they eat to what they can do in sports and other physical activities, the latter being a focus of more recent efforts to stem the tide of chronic illnesses in the US population.","PeriodicalId":90227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional disorders & therapy","volume":"06 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70452845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric vegetarian diets are healthful, nutritionally adequate and may provide health benefits in the prevention of certain lifestyle diseases","authors":"C. Christie","doi":"10.4172/2161-0509.C1.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0509.C1.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional disorders & therapy","volume":"06 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70452936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between Obesity, Diet, Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour among School-aged Children and Young Adolescents in Macedonia","authors":"Simovska Jarevska Vera, Jakimoska Jordanoska Rozida","doi":"10.4172/2161-0509.1000196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0509.1000196","url":null,"abstract":"Diet and physical activity education in school-aged children and young adolescents are in the focus of the modern healthcare and education system. The aims of our cross-section study were to estimate the prevalence of obesity in youth, and the significant correlation between nutrition status, health behavioural and biological markers. The sample size was 400 randomly selected school-aged children and adolescent from 14 to 18 years old. They were divided into two population groups of school-aged children (12-13 years old) and young adolescent (17-18 years). Standardized, non-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and the International Questionnaire for assessment of Physical Activity (IPAQ-short version) were used as well as the anthropometric measurements: body weight and height, body mass index (BMI kg/m2) presented in percentile using the WHO Child Growth Standards. Statistical analysis was included descriptive statistics, Pearson Chi-square test and Logistic regression analysis using SPSS Statistics 17.0. In accordance with the distribution of Pearson Chi-square=16.94 (p<0.001), there was statistical significance between nutritional status of study participants in both, first and second study groups. Also, there was significant difference in high intensity sports activity between two groups (Pearson Chi-square=26.59; p<0.001). Sedentary behaviour had the highest influence on development of childhood obesity (Wald=2.81; p=0.09). Significant correlation was estimated between obesity and sweetness food (pasta, rise and potatoes), soft drinks, but drinking water had a protective effect. Prevention and treatment of pediatric overweight and obesity require systems-level approaches that include the skills of registered dietitians, sports coaches as well as consistent and integrated messages and environmental support across all sectors of society, especially educational sector. The next step is to develop an innovative “Skills for health” model including nutrition and physical activity education program in Macedonia.","PeriodicalId":90227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional disorders & therapy","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70449162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety Evaluation of Chocolate Brown Dye in Swiss albino Mice","authors":"Shamme Akter Neshe, S. Arefin, M. Hussain, Abhijit Das, Palash Karmakar, M. S. Hossain","doi":"10.4172/2161-0509.1000195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0509.1000195","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Chocolate Brown is a brown synthetic diazo dye which is mainly used in chocolate cakes and also in other food products. The present study was designed to evaluate toxic effects of chocolate brown dye considering the biochemical and pathological parameters of Swiss albino mice. \u0000Methods: The experimental animals were subdivided into 3 groups such as control, group 1 (received chocolate brown dye at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight) and group 2 (received chocolate brown dye at a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight) containing 5 mice in each of the groups. Different group of mice were fed with normal diet for 25 days and their body weight was taken every day. At 26th day their blood serum and some organ was collected for conducting biochemical and pathological analysis. \u0000Results: During this study a remarkable increase in body weight was noticed in case of group 2 when compared to the control group. But surprisingly group 1 showed less increase in body weight than control group. This study showed that the weight of liver, heart and kidney was increased in case of group 2. While group 1 showed increased in heart weight but its kidney and liver weight was actually lower in comparison to the control group. Furthermore we have also found a significant raise in blood bilirubin level when dose increased from 200 mg/kg to 400 mg/kg. All the tests showed that chocolate brown dye is more poisonous at higher dose compared to lower one. \u0000Conclusion: Considering the inferential data on the physiological and biochemical parameters of mice the study recommends the withdrawal of the chocolate brown dye from the local market. People should be more concern about the hazardous effects of chocolate brown dye.","PeriodicalId":90227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional disorders & therapy","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2161-0509.1000195","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70448669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity in the Caribbean: A Case for Public Policies","authors":"F. Henry","doi":"10.4172/2161-0509.1000194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0509.1000194","url":null,"abstract":"The silent escalating epidemic of obesity is the underlying cause of most deaths in the Caribbean. If action is not taken to curb our increasingly overweight populations the resultant burden of chronic diseases will overwhelm our health systems and ultimately retard our overall health and economic development. To effectively combat obesity, the driving forces as well as the obstacles need to be clearly identified and acted upon. This paper argues that substantial reductions in the prevalence of obesity are more likely to come from structural and policy related changes to the environment than from medical interventions targeted at the individual. The complexity of the obesity problem in the Caribbean is elaborated in five dimensions and for each one the case is made for strong public policy measures which can create the conducive environment necessary for individual behaviour change regarding healthy eating and increased physical activity. The paper presents policy options that could substantially reduce obesity in Caribbean countries individually, or collectively.","PeriodicalId":90227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional disorders & therapy","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2161-0509.1000194","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70448543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Perspectives for the Nutritional Value of Vitamin K in Human Health","authors":"C. Viegas, D. Simes","doi":"10.4172/2161-0509.1000192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0509.1000192","url":null,"abstract":"Vitamin K is an essential micronutrient in the post-translational modification of specific glutamic acid residues (Glu) into γ-carboxyglutamic acid residues (Gla) in target proteins known as vitamin K-dependent proteins (VKDPs). In healthy conditions of sufficient vitamin K status, a vitamin K recycling system maintains sufficient vitamin K levels for proper γ-carboxylation of VKDPs, and vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) widely used as anticoagulants inhibit vitamin K recycling. Besides its well-known function in the maintenance of normal coagulation, vitamin K has been reported to have other diverse physiological functions with impact in human health. In extra-hepatic tissues vitamin K deficiency results in impairment of VKDPs γ-carboxylation with important implications in bone and cardiovascular health. Although most of vitamin K effects have been associated with regulation of mineralization in connective tissues through the action of matrix Gla protein (MGP) and osteocalcin (OC), the discovery of Gla-rich protein (GRP) open new perspectives on the potential therapeutic range of vitamin K.","PeriodicalId":90227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional disorders & therapy","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2161-0509.1000192","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70448461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Know-how and Know-why Nutrients may be Less Bioaccessible and Less Bioavailable due to Proton Pump Inhibitor - Food Interactions and Incompatibilities Involving Metal-Aquo Complexes","authors":"H. Jenzer, I. Marty, ra Büsser, Marta Silva, F. Scheidegger-Balmer, L. Ruch, S. Martins, Noëmi Dajanah Maurer-Brunner, F. Rotunno, L. Sadeghi","doi":"10.4172/2161-0509.1000191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0509.1000191","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Proton pump inhibitors change gastric pH from around 2.0 to 2.5 to more than 4.0 for up to 16 hours per day and suppress gastric function widely. Risk factors assigned to long-term inhibition of gastric acidity arise from cleavage-resistance of peptides and glycosides, mucosal degeneration and leak, loss of bactericidal action, and modification of absorption kinetics of medicines and nutrients. This article aims to contribute to wisely use of proton pump inhibitors and to recommend nutritional options. \u0000Methods: A systematic online literature research was performed on usual platforms. Recommendations rely on a multidisciplinary focus group assessment. Explanations arising from the retrieved references were tested for consistency by titration of iron solution from acidic to basic pH while observing precipitation. \u0000Results and discussion: Literature describes bacterial overgrowth, community and hospital-acquired pneumonia, childhood asthma related to PPI treatments of mothers in pregnancy, sensitization to food allergens in the elderly and in pregnant women (as progesterone slows down gastric emptying), deterioration of intolerances, and various diseases such as celiac and inflammatory diseases. In addition to pathologies, bioavailability of medicines may be modified dramatically. For micronutrients, aquo-complexes of metal ions revealed to be a neglected issue in research of food-drug interactions arising from PPI treatments. \u0000To prevent these complications, a focus group from a clinical support team recommends intermittent and ondemand strategies, alternative antacids, avoidance of high allergenic food, buffering, pepsin replacement, stimulation of digestion and peristalsis, and physical activity, and medicines review and reconciliation. \u0000Conclusion: Proton pump inhibitor safety profiles are troubled by risk factors arising from inappropriate longterm use. Drugs’ bioavailability may increase as a result of mucosal hyperpermeability, or decrease as a result of altered dissociation. Care should be given to substrates with pKa<4.5 as well as to micronutrient supply. At least children and pregnant women should prefer alternative antacids.","PeriodicalId":90227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional disorders & therapy","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70448406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Maternal Over-nutrition during Pregnancy on Maternal Oxidative Stress and Fetal Skeletal/Visceral Anomalies of the Rats","authors":"D. Damasceno, B. Dallaqua, I. Iessi, G. Volpato, K. E. Campos","doi":"10.4172/2161-0509.1000185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0509.1000185","url":null,"abstract":"The maternal food supply, nutrition and metabolism leads to lifelong consequences for the health of the infants. Experimental models have been developed to explore these repercussions. We intended (1) to verify the influence of a maternal overnutrition on the maternal oxidative stress in pregnant rat, (2) to evaluate if the maternal oxidative stress interferes on the fetal growth, and (3) to analyze external, skeletal and visceral fetal anomalies. On day 0 of pregnancy, the rats were randomly distributed into two groups (n=21 rats/group): Control group - fed regular diet; Overnutrition group – fed high caloric diet, which was made by mixing the supplemented ingredients to a previously triturated Purina Chow. On day 21 of pregnancy, the rats were euthanized to evaluate reproductive outcomes and fetal development, and to obtain blood samples for maternal metabolic parameters. The fetal weights were significantly reduced after overnutrition treatment during pregnancy. The overnoutrished rats presented higher malonaldehyde-MDA and thiol group concentrations and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity whereas glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity was lower. The fetuses from overnutrition group presented higher frequency of skeletal and visceral anomalies. Thus, the overnutrition caused metabolic changes in the maternal organism, particularly in oxidative metabolism, which impaired the fetal growth and development, showing harmful effect of a hypercaloric diet during pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":90227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional disorders & therapy","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2161-0509.1000185","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70448195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional and Environmental Influences on Autism Spectrum Disorder","authors":"Geir Bjorklund, M. Chartrand","doi":"10.4172/2161-0509.1000E123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0509.1000E123","url":null,"abstract":"Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by pervasive deficits in social interaction, impairment in verbal and non-verbal communication, and stereotypical patterns of interests and activities. ASD can be extremely costly to society at large and the individuals and families involved, constituting one of the most perplexing challenges in child development and education.","PeriodicalId":90227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional disorders & therapy","volume":"06 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70450663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Protein-Based Food (PBF) in Combating Undernutrition; Milk and Eggs as an Example","authors":"I. Naser","doi":"10.4172/2161-0509.1000184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0509.1000184","url":null,"abstract":"Provision of Protein-Based Food remains an important strategy for the prevention and treatment of malnutrition and can produce substantial improvements in the functional performance of malnourished individuals and populations. Many potential benefits of Protein-Based Food require further exploration, including its effect on physical and mental development among children. There is strong evidence that Protein-Based Food intake have positive impact on weight gain, bone density, micronutrients repletion and cognition development among vulnerable populations. This review will shed the light on different intervention trials designed to tackle malnutrition by using animal source food provision, particularly, Milk and eggs. \u0000Further work is required to clarify the purpose, delivery and outcomes of animal source food provision among vulnerable and poor individuals and communities.","PeriodicalId":90227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional disorders & therapy","volume":"91 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2161-0509.1000184","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70448632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}