Journal of nutritional disorders & therapy最新文献

{"title":"Effects of Geophagy on Hemoglobin Level and Iodine Absorption /Assimilation in Albino Rats","authors":"Bonglaisin Jn, Tsafack Tjj, M. Chelea, D. Pn, Mbofung Cmf, Lantum Dn, Ngondé Emc","doi":"10.4172/2161-0509.1000211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0509.1000211","url":null,"abstract":"Geophagic behaviour has been reported to increase exposure to Lead (Pb) that could influence the bioavailability and assimilation of iron and iodine through metal-metal interactions. Similarly, calcium that is naturally contained in kaolin tends to inhibit the absorption and assimilation of iron. In order to investigate these interactions 80 female albino rats aged 12 weeks and weighing between 212-261g were served with Pb contaminated kaolin pellets in a manner to simulate human consumption of this clay. The size, content of the thyroid gland in iodine, urinary/faecal iodine excretion and hemoglobin level were analytically monitored during this experiment and statgraphic 5.0 used for data analyses. The results show increased thyroid volume, decreased thyroid iodine content, increased urinary iodine excretion and adequate iodine absorption as kaolin is introduced into an iodine sufficient diet. Hemoglobin levels of the various test groups compared to the control group are statistically significant. The study reveals that that kaolin-eating does not influence iodine absorption but, it influences its assimilation at the level of the thyroid gland in albino rats. The study also reveals that the consumption of kaolin affects hemoglobin level.","PeriodicalId":90227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional disorders & therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2161-0509.1000211","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47310453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research of Iodine Nutrition Levels in Akto County, Xinjiang, China from 2009 to 2014","authors":"W. Cheng, W. Juan, W. Zhong, Meng Wei-wei, Xia Rong-xiang, Guzanur Bahetyyar","doi":"10.4172/2161-0509.1000203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0509.1000203","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To understand the effect of prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders with iodized salt in Akto County, Xinjiang, China, to provide a scientific basis for formulating effective method of prevention. Methods: Sampling survey was conducted in Akto County in 2004, according to National Key Survey Scheme in High-risk Areas. Results: The median of the iodized salt was 32.8 mg/kg in 2004, with intake rate of qualified iodized salt of 100% in the residents. Goiter rate of the children was 22.0% by palpation, and 10.0% by B-ultrasound, with the coincidence rate of 66.8%. Compared with those in 2014, there were statistical differences (P<0.05) in children's goiter rate by palpation (χ2=86.10) and B-ultrasound (χ2=28.03) in 2009. While statistical difference in urine iodine levels of children was also found between 2009 and 2014 (t=5.58, P<0.005). Conclusion: Universal coverage of iodized salt is an effective way to control IDD.","PeriodicalId":90227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional disorders & therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45225040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facing the Inevitable: Impact of Climate Change on Nutrition Security","authors":"J. Kumaresan, Sadhani Rajapakse","doi":"10.4172/2161-0509.1000219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0509.1000219","url":null,"abstract":"The Millennium Development Goals (2000-2015) established a precedent for the global leaders to tackle the world’s pressing issues such as poverty, hunger and malnutrition [1]. Despite the significant progress on the MDGs, today there are 795 million undernourished people of whom 90 million are children under age five [1]. Children are most vulnerable and high mortality rates are seen in situations where prevalence of acute malnutrition among children is 10-15% and severe malnutrition is between 2-3% [2]. Malnutrition is a serious public health concern that is exacerbated during a famine when food supplies are depleted causing acute food shortage. A ‘Nutrition Emergency’ occurs when there is a risk of or an actual increase in mortality due to acute malnutrition.","PeriodicalId":90227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional disorders & therapy","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2161-0509.1000219","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70449460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can we Introduce an Effective Lifestyle Modification Intervention amongChildren at Risk of Overweight and Obesity in the Conditions of FamilyPractice","authors":"Elżbieta MizgaÅa, Witold Drzastwa, Hanna Matuszewska-ZbroÅska, K. Sygulla, Irena Borek, Aleks, ra Oleksiak","doi":"10.4172/2161-0509.1000197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0509.1000197","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diet and physical activity are crucial in management of pediatric overweight and obesity, however \u0000 family involvement has not been adequately studied in primary care. \u0000Goal: Assessment of the effectiveness of lifestyle modification intervention among overweight and obese \u0000 children, addressing parental adherence. \u0000Methods: During the period of the study (from October 2013 until June 2014) 588 children have visited the family \u0000 practice involved in the study because of many different reasons. Each child of this group of 588 children was \u0000 screened for the risk of abdominal obesity. 106 children have matched the criteria of the risk of abdominal obesity. \u0000 An intervention - “3-color signaling\" diet and increased physical activity was implemented for 24 weeks in a group of \u0000 106 subjects, aged 2-17, with waist circumference (WC) ≥ 75 percentile (in industrial region of Poland). \u0000 Anthropometric parameters (BM, BMI and WC), blood pressure, fasting lipid fractions (TG, HDL-C) and plasma \u0000 glucose (FPG) levels were measured before and after the intervention, and parents were filling out the survey, \u0000 assessing their adherence to the program. \u0000Results: After 24 weeks, in all the subjects, regardless of their age and gender, the mean values of BMI, WC, \u0000 and BP were statistically significantly lower (p<0.01) than their baseline parameters, and the HDL-C levels were \u0000 higher. The parental survey revealed that 77.3% were adherent to the dietary (20.7% for 24 weeks), and 55.7% – to \u0000 the physical activity recommendations (25.5% continuously). \u0000Conclusions: Lifestyle modification intervention that targets overweight and obese children and adolescents and \u0000 their families, reinforcing weight loss goals is helpful in improving anthropometric and HDL-C results. The whole \u0000 family needs to accept and adhere to the recommended diet and physical activity changes for at least 6 months. A \u0000 parental perspective of barriers to compliance needs to be considered in designing an effective weight management \u0000 intervention in primary care.","PeriodicalId":90227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional disorders & therapy","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70448778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consumption Pattern for Fruits and Vegetables of Some Filipino Adolescents in Selected Public Schools in the City of Manila","authors":"J. Gonzales, J. V. Raaij, Zenaida Villamin Narciso","doi":"10.4172/2161-0509.1000202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0509.1000202","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to: (a) determine perceptions regarding fruits and vegetables (b) identify selected practices on fruit and vegetables consumption (c) assess consumption of fruit and vegetables in terms of serving and grams per day and (d) identify factors affecting fruit and vegetable consumption. The study was conducted in seven randomly selected public schools and three public colleges in the City of Manila. Two hundred randomly selected students aged 12-16 years and 17-20 years were personally interviewed using a structured questionnaire. A food frequency questionnaire was used to determine the past month's fruit and vegetable consumption. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Descriptive statistics, like frequencies, means and percentages, ANOVA, T-test and simple correlation were used. Results showed that inadequate consumption of vegetables was prevalent among the study populations but fruit intake was higher than the Philippine recommendation. Fruit and vegetable intakes varied with age and sex. Male adolescents consumed more vegetables compared to their female counterparts. Female adolescents consumed more fruits than their male counterparts. Generally, the adolescents had a good perception of fruits and vegetables. The study concluded that Filipino adolescents are consuming substantially fewer servings of vegetables than the recommended daily allowances but fruit intake was higher than the recommended. The study advanced recommendations useful for promoting fruit and vegetable consumption among adolescents and for future studies focused on nutritional behaviour change related to fruit and vegetable consumption among adolescent.","PeriodicalId":90227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional disorders & therapy","volume":"51 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2161-0509.1000202","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70449251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Iron Deficiency Anemia and Determinants among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care at Woldia Hospital, Ethiopia","authors":"T. W. Brhanie, Habtamu Sisay","doi":"10.4172/2161-0509.1000201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0509.1000201","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Anemia is one of the most widespread public health problems, especially in developing countries. It impaired cognitive development, reduced physical work capacity and in severe cases increased risk of mortality particularly during prenatal period. Anemia in pregnant women is defined by low hemoglobin levels, below 11g/dL in 1st and 3 rd trimester and less than 10.5 g/dl 2nd trimester. The objective of this study is to assess prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women at Woldia general hospital. \u0000Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted within a five month period at Woldia General Hospital. \u0000Results: Out of 243 women enrolled in the study, ninety five (39.1%) were found to be anemic. Anemia was more prevalent in the first (52.2%) and second (52.6%) trimesters. nine women (9.5%) had severe anemia, and 86 women (90.5%) had mild anemia. Association with previous antenatal care follow up, the pregnant women who has history of ANC follow up in previous pregnancy has low prevalence (48.2%) whereas those who did not have antenatal care follow up previously have high prevalence (94.4%). \u0000Conclusion: Prevalence of anemia is high in the study area and determined by different factors like feeding habit, level of education and history of antenatal care follow up. Based on this finding we recommend that; iron supplementation should be encouraged as a prophylactic measure. Health education for women on antenatal care follow up and diversified feeding practice should be given for the reduction of anemia.","PeriodicalId":90227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional disorders & therapy","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70449204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preventing Weight Regain: WhatâÂÂs the Importance of Body Image Change afterBariatric Surgery?","authors":"F. Micanti, G. Loiarro, G. Pecoraro, D. Galletta","doi":"10.4172/2161-0509.1000200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0509.1000200","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Obese patients have a high degree of body dissatisfaction and uneasiness inducing feelings of low self-esteem, sadness and loneliness leading to the development of pathological social withdrawal. Change of body image dimension is considered a factor for weight maintenance. The aim of this study is to show that, after bariatric surgery at weight loss, body image partially changes which could be considered one of the reasons for long term weight regain after bariatric surgery. Method: 40 patients: mean age 38 SD ± 10,71; 28 women, 12 men; mean body mass index (BMI) 48 SD ± 8,31, suffering from severe obesity, were enrolled in this study. All participants were evaluated before and after bariatric surgery. The assessment at weight loss after bariatric surgery (t1) was performed using BUT test. The statistical data analysis was performed with the t-Student method (p<0.05). Results: Results after bariatric surgery were: sufficient ability to cope with the nutritional program for bariatric surgery; change in eating behavior; fulfilled perception of satiety and reduction in food intake impulse; improvement of body image in its cognitive and behavioral components, but not in the emotional one. Conclusion: Weight loss is insufficient to determine a change in the emotional component of body image. It does not interfere with the emotional regulation system or with the ability to use non-verbal communication. Improving ability to perceive one’s new body and the knowledge of how to use it in relationship with others is necessary to prevent risk of weight regain after bariatric surgery.","PeriodicalId":90227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional disorders & therapy","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70449639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micronutrient Deficiency in Women Living in Industrialized Countries During the Reproductive Years: Is there a Basis for Supplementation with Multiple Micronutrients?","authors":"Ella Schaefer","doi":"10.4172/2161-0509.1000199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0509.1000199","url":null,"abstract":"Maternal diet is widely recognized to be one of the major environmental factors influencing the development of the embryo and fetus. It is important that women of childbearing age maintain good nutrition throughout their reproductive years, including before conception, as there is a strong relationship between fertility and a successful pregnancy, and a sufficient intake of micronutrients. Yet even in ‘high-income’, industrialized countries, where dietary resources are more readily available, micronutrient levels in such women may be inadequate. \u0000This review looked at the micronutrient status of women of childbearing age in industrialized countries, as well as those who were pregnant, to determine whether there are any gaps in micronutrient levels. A second objective was to assess whether the evidence indicates a role for multiple micronutrients other than folate and iron during these periods. Results indicated that although some women might have a sufficient intake of micronutrients (although not necessarily all of them), there are those who have lower than the currently-recommended daily intake of micronutrients, particularly folate, vitamin B12, vitamin D, calcium, iodine, iron and selenium. The evidence suggests that multiple micronutrient supplementation during the periconceptional period (i.e. before conception until the end of the first trimester) and throughout pregnancy could help to address inadequate dietary intake of micronutrients, improve maternal status prior to and during pregnancy, and thereby help to minimize reproductive risks.","PeriodicalId":90227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional disorders & therapy","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70449568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Total Phenolic Contents and Antioxidant Potential of Soya Bean and Maize and their Beverages In vitro","authors":"PAUL CHIDOKA CHIKEZIE","doi":"10.4172/2161-0509.1000198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0509.1000198","url":null,"abstract":"The present investigations sought to correlate the total phenolic contents (TPC) with antioxidant potential, using in vitro antioxidant evaluation models, of unprocessed soya bean (SB) and its industrial processed beverages (SBB1 and SBB2) as well as unprocessed maize (SM) and its industrial processed beverages (MBB1 and MBB2). The TPC and antioxidant potential of the samples were measured using standard spectrophotometric methods. The radical scavenging capacity index (SCI50) defined the concentration, in μg/mL, of the sample required to scavenge 50% of the investigated radicals. Likewise, AP50 defined the concentration, in μg/mL, of the sample required to reduce 50% of ferric ion. The TPC of SB, SBB1 and SBB2 was within the range of 0.97 ± 0.02-2.86 ± 0.02 mg gallic acid equivalent per gram dry sample, and TPC of SM, MBB1 and MBB2 were in the increasing order: SM>MBB1>MBB2. The TPC of SB, SBB1 and SBB2 and their corresponding SCI50 against NO–, H2O2 and •−OH gave correlation coefficients between the range: -0.77227-0.338172 units, whereas their corresponding AP50 gave a strong positive correlation. The TPC of SM, MBB1 and MBB2 and their corresponding SCI50 against NO–, H2O2 and •−OH gave correlation coefficients between the range: 0.040672-0.51799 units, whereas their corresponding AP50 showed a strong negative correlation. The study revealed that antioxidant potential was intertwined with the combinatorial antioxidant peculiarities of the various samples.","PeriodicalId":90227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional disorders & therapy","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70449495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutrition Implications of Soaking of Pulses","authors":"A. Agarwal","doi":"10.4172/2161-0509.1000E127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0509.1000E127","url":null,"abstract":"Pulses are nutrient dense food from plant origin and valuable ingredient in various cuisines worldwide. Pulses cannot be consumed without cooking which entails tedious and time consuming processes. However, processing induces palatability, digestibility and nutrient bioavailability influencing consumer acceptance, health and marketability of pulses [1]. Soaking is one of the prerequisite steps in cooking or germination of pulses, which improves the cooking quality, nutrient bioavailability and degrades the antinutritional factors (ANF) inherent in pulses. Soaking in plain water with or without additives like sodium bicarbonate or other soaking agents is an old age practice both at household or commercial level in order to reduce cooking time and improve colour and texture of the cooked beans. Duration of soaking, hardness of water and temperature of soaking water influence the soaking outcome [2]. Soaking significantly reduces the water soluble vitamins; loss of vitamin B1 or thiamine is more in alkaline medium but significantly improves the in vitro protein digestibility, starch digestibility, availability of minerals like zinc, iron and dietary fiber components such as cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and pectin contents which vary in different genotypes of pulse seeds. Soaking during germination facilitate synthesis of Vitamin C. Furthermore, soaking tends to destroy antinutritional factors like trypsin inhibitor, phytates, tannins, saponins, β-ODAP (β-N-oxalylL-2,3diaminopropionic acid) and total phenol etc. [3]. However, soaking triggers synthesis of phytase enzyme, which results in leaching out of phytic acid; break down of oligosaccharides attached to aglycone, which support softening of tissues; polyphenols oxidase enzyme, which are activated, and results in degradation and loss of polyphenols. Bound fructose, which interferes with digestion gets reduced by soaking. Reduction of saponins is attributed to its structure that contains more sugar chains, which are soluble in water. Tannins are resistant to degradation and on consumption they remain in the stomach but soaking reduces its adverse effect.","PeriodicalId":90227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional disorders & therapy","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2161-0509.1000E127","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70450246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}