Journal of nutritional disorders & therapy最新文献

{"title":"Effects of Antioxidant Micronutrients against CVD Risk in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review","authors":"Odeafo Asamoah-Boakye, C. Apprey, R. Annan","doi":"10.4172/2161-0509.1000214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0509.1000214","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes mellitus is associated with hyperglycemia, which promotes oxidative stress through production of free radicals which may lead to diabetic complications such as cardiovascular diseases. However,it is proposed that dietary intakes of antioxidant micronutrients may help reduce oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus. The objective was to evaluate the protective effects of antioxidant micronutrients against CVD risk among type 2 diabetics. Method: A systematic literature review including detailed search strategy was developed to search PubMed, PMC, PLOSONE, Google scholar and cochrane. Research articles were retrieved, screened and relevant articles were extracted. The exposure for review were zinc, vitamin E, and selenium, whereas measured outcomes were effects of antioxidant micronutrients on type 2 diabetes: reduced FBG and HbA1c, reduced lipidemia, improved antioxidant status, reduced oxidative stress. Results: Among six cross-sectional studies; five studies indicated serum zinc were significantly reduced in type 2 diabetics than controls, whereas one study showed a higher serum selenium in type 2 diabetics than controls. Among five case-control studies used, two studies found serum zinc was lowered among type 2 diabetics than controls. Another study found serum vitamin E was reduced in type 2 diabetics than controls (p<0.05). The other studies showed supplementation of vitamin C, E improved significantly in levels of fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin (p<0.05, p<0.001 respectively). However, a case control study between type 2 diabetics with glycated haemoglobin <7% and ≥ 7% showed no difference in serum zinc levels (p=0.168). Out of five randomized controlled trials, two studies showed significant difference in fasting blood glucose, total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde in type 2 diabetics who received supplemented enriched tocotrienol canola oil at the end of study. However, type 2 diabetics supplemented with omega-3 plus vitamin E, and zinc plus vitamin C showed no significant differences in cardiovascular risk markers compared to controls. Also, two studies which either supplemented type 2 diabetics with fermented diet containing supplemented chromium and zinc found no significant differences in glycated hemoglobin compared to placebo groups. Conclusion: Antioxidant micronutrients could significantly reduce risk of cardiovascular diseases in type 2 diabetes and hence require further studies to ascertain its effects.","PeriodicalId":90227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional disorders & therapy","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43139055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Breakthroughs of Karl Folkers in Biochemistry and Human Nutrition","authors":"Geir Bjorklund, M. Chartr","doi":"10.4172/2161-0509.1000213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0509.1000213","url":null,"abstract":"Professor Karl August Folkers (Figure 1), a biochemist from the United States, was the head of one of the two research groups, one in England and one in the United States. In 1948, the two groups independently and simultaneously reported the isolation of vitamin B12 [1,2]. Most of Folkers’ work was carried out while working at the Merck Company (later Merck Sharp & Dohme) from 1934 to 1963. His laboratory at Merck was known for isolation, purification, synthesis, and structural determination of many bioactive natural products [3,4], including isolation and determination of the biological structure of various Erythrina alkaloids [4]. They also were the first to describe the synthesis [5,6] and structure [7] of vitamin B6 (pyridoxine, pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine), and the synthesis of pantothenic acid [8], biotin [9], lipoic acid [10], and mevalonic acid [11].","PeriodicalId":90227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional disorders & therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2161-0509.1000213","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46712623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Calcium in Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy Current Status of Research a Mini Review","authors":"S. Chhabra","doi":"10.4172/2161-0509.1000212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0509.1000212","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Some studies have revealed changes in blood/urinary calcium with inverse relationship between calcium intakes during pregnancy, incidence of preeclampsia. So researchers believe that calcium has a role in etiology of hypertensive disorders during pregnancy. With reduced incidence of preeclampsia after calcium supplementation. So prevention of HDsP and/or their severity are being attempted through oral calcium. Objective: To collect existing information about role of calcium in HDsP for translational program or if needed, research. Material Methods: Present article is based on literature search by available search engines like, Pubmed, Google, Update and others. Studies, reviews and short commentaries were looked into to get desired information. Serum urinary cellular calcium: Normally there is increase in intracellular calcium in pregnancy. It has been reported that this effect is exaggerated in preeclampsia due to significant increase in the membranous calcium content. Researchers also reported that preeclampsia in third trimester was associated with hypocalciuria due to increased tubular reabsorption of calcium. Urinary calcium excretion has been found to be reduced in severe preeclampsia, eclampsia, but decrease could not be used to identify severity of preeclampsia, or predict impending eclampsia. Problem seems to be at the cellular level, needs to be investigated further. Calcium supplementation: Some have reported incidence of preeclampsia greater in women given placebo, compared to calcium-treated, although difference was not significant. Also supplementing calcium in women at high risk of pre-eclampsia was likely to reduce incidence of disease. But others reported that extra calcium did not reduce number of women who suffered, however reduced severity of HDsP. Also smooth-muscle relaxation detected in calcium supplemented women might affect labour onset. Conclusion: There are reports of positive relationship and no effect on reduction in HDsP or their severity. In view of contradictory findings, in depth studies are required to investigate altered serum, urine and cellular calcium, in women with HDsP.","PeriodicalId":90227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional disorders & therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2161-0509.1000212","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46986509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gluten-Free Bread: A Better Dietary Option?","authors":"Sun, ita Ghosh","doi":"10.4172/2161-0509.1000205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0509.1000205","url":null,"abstract":"Gluten in the diet, however, is not an option for some. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder that affects approximately 1 in 100 people in the UK [2]. If celiac patients consume gluten-containing products in the diet, they experience an intestinal mucosal inflammation. This is because the immune system recognizes the gluten products in the intestine as foreign bodies causing it to also attack the healthy tissues which cause the inflammation. The inflammation and damage to the intestinal walls can lead to the inability to absorb the required levels of calcium, iron, folic acid and fat soluble vitamins.","PeriodicalId":90227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional disorders & therapy","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44465113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vacuum Sealing Drainage Treatment of Multi-DrugâÂÂResistant Enterobacter Cloacae Wound Infection in a Diabetic Patient: A Case Report and Review of the Literature","authors":"Xiaomeng Pan, Xiao Wu, Xindong Jin, S. Y. Xiang, Cong cong Su","doi":"10.4172/2161-0509.1000210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0509.1000210","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetic foot ulcers differ from non-diabetic trauma, as diabetic patients have dysfunctional wound healing owing to changes in the microcirculation. Herein, we report the case of a 48-year-old man with a 4-year history of uncontrolled type 2 diabetes. The patient had developed a 3-cm-wide ulcer deep to the phalanx on the big toe of the right foot 3 weeks ago, and the ulcer became infected with multi-drug–resistant Enterobacter cloacae 1 week later. We performed thorough wound debridement combined with Vacuum Sealing Drainage (VSD) and intravenous immunoglobulin administration without antibiotic therapy. This treatment strategy reduced the size of the ulcer. Three weeks later, antibiotic-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus was cultured from the wound tissue instead of Enterobacter cloacae, and so, the patient was administered antibiotics. The patient recovered well after this simple procedure followed by antibiotic therapy.","PeriodicalId":90227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional disorders & therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46538749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Combined Dietary Supplementation of Telfairia Occidentalis Leaves and Citrulus Colocynthis Seeds on Fasting Glycemia, Glucose Tolerance and Body Weight in Wistar Rats","authors":"Etoundi Omgba Bc, Palla Nyamena Cl, M. Cj, I. Gouadoa","doi":"10.4172/2161-0509.1000209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0509.1000209","url":null,"abstract":"Though medical assistance can be given to diabetic patients, dietary care is highly explored. This work aimed at \u0000 studying the effects of dietary supplementation of uncooked Telfairia occidentalis leaves combined with Citrulus \u0000 colocynthis seeds on blood glucose level in Wistar rats. A phytochemical screening was realized on T.occidentalis ethanolic and hydroethanolic leaves extracts, and their acute toxicity was studied in rats. The effect of their \u0000 combined dietary supplementation on glycemia and body weight was studied in rats receiving carbohydrate enriched \u0000 diet during 28 days. Three test groups received 10% Telfairia occidentalis leaves, 10% C.colocynthis and a mixture \u0000 of 5% T.occidentalis leaves and 5% C. colocynthis respectively. Glibenclamide (0.03 mg/kg b.w) was used as \u0000 reference drug. \u0000Glucose tolerance was tested at the end of supplementation period. The presence of tannins, saponins, \u0000 anthocyanines and flavonoids was revealed in T. occidentalis extracts and no sign of toxicity was identified in rats. \u0000 Fasting glycemia decreased significantly in rats supplemented with T. occidentalis as compared to positive control \u0000 and there was no significant increase in glycemia for rats supplemented with C. colocynthis and with both plants. All \u0000 animals except the positive control showed a good glucose tolerance at the end of supplementation. T. occidentalis showed hypoglycemic properties and its association with C. colocynthis inhibited hyperglycemia and maintained \u0000 good glucose tolerance. Hence, combined consumption of T. occidentalis leaves with C. colocynthis seeds might be \u0000 advised in diabetes management.","PeriodicalId":90227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional disorders & therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48833311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Associated Factors of Stunting among 6-59 Months Children in Pastoral Community of Korahay Zone, Somali Regional State, Ethiopia 2016","authors":"Sisay Shine, Frew Tadesse, Z. Shiferaw, L. Mideksa, Wubareg Seifu","doi":"10.4172/2161-0509.1000208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0509.1000208","url":null,"abstract":"Back ground: Stunting is one of the most important public health problems in Ethiopia with an estimated 44.4% of children less than five years of age being stunted. Thus, this study aimed to assess prevalence and associated factors of stunting among 6-59 months children in pastoral community of Korahay Zone, Somali Regional State, Ethiopia. Objective of the study: To assess prevalence and associated factors of stunting among 6-59 months children in pastoral community of Korahay Zone, Somali Regional State, Ethiopia, 2016. Methods: Community based cross sectional study design was done among 770 children in pastoral community of Korahay Zone. Systematic sampling techniques were used to select households and took child-mother pair from each selected households. Data was collected using pre-tested and structured questionnaire. Odd ratios with 95% confidence interval were used to assess level of significance. Result: Prevalence of stunting among 6-59 months age children was 31.9%. Sex (AOR: 1.47, 95%CI 1.02, 2.11), age (AOR: 2.10, 95%CI 1.16, 3.80), maternal education (AOR: 3.42, 95%CI 1.58, 7.41), maternal occupation (AOR: 3.10, 95%CI 1.85, 5.19), monthly income (AOR: 1.47, 95%CI 1.03, 2.09), postnatal care visits (AOR: 1.59, 95%CI 1.07, 2.37), source of water (AOR: 3.41, 95%CI 1.96, 5.93), toilet availability (AOR: 1.71, 95%CI 1.13, 2.58), first milk feeding (AOR: 3.37, 95%CI 2.27, 5.02) and bottle feeding (AOR: 2.07, 95%CI 1.34, 3.18) were significant predictors of stunting. Conclusion and recommendations: Prevalence of stunting among 6-59 months children was high 31.9%. Lack of maternal education, not feeding first milk, unsafe water supply, unavailability of toilet facilities and bottle feeding can increase the risk of stunting. So, educating mothers on child feeding practice, sanitation and important of first milk can reduce stunting.","PeriodicalId":90227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional disorders & therapy","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2161-0509.1000208","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44754547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Difficult Postoperative Extubation in a Patient with Hypoproteinemia: A Case Report","authors":"Peilin Cong, Hao Zhang, Yilu Zhou, Bi Xia, Qingxiu Wang","doi":"10.4172/2161-0509.1000207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0509.1000207","url":null,"abstract":"Hypoalbuminemia is common in critically ill patients, chronic hypoproteinemia tend to cause some negative impacts on the body's internal environment. Hypoalbuminemia poses many challenges to the perioperative anesthesia management. This article describes a case of difficult postoperative extubation in a 62-year-old woman with hypoalbuminemia. She was diagnosed with intestinal tuberculosis, hypoproteinemia and edema for 3 years. During the anesthesia management process, we found some physiological changes in hypoproteinemia and the management of anesthesia during perioperative period is complex. So in this article, we provide some advice for the treatment and anaesthetic management of patients with hypoproteinemia.","PeriodicalId":90227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional disorders & therapy","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42832047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iodine, ingesting or not?","authors":"H. Peres","doi":"10.4172/2161-0509.1000206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0509.1000206","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, the population use medicines that contain fluorine/chlorine and ingest bromide that is found in breads, thus they occupy the place iodine injuring the thyroid. Iodine deficiency is a major public health problem thus as medical iodophobia. This mini-review addresses the effect of iodine supplementation in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. In this baseline, there are six systematic reviews published in the last 6 years beyond WHO/UNICEF encourage the safe use iodine in the dosages of 200 µg/day during in pregnancy and 250 µg/day in lactating women. However, one study Australian showed that of 396 healthcare providers only 71% were aware of the National Health and Medical Research Council's recommendation for iodine supplementation, (38%) were aware of the recommended dose or and (44%) duration. Beyond of knowing therapeutic property iodine, a clinical trial showed that iodine supplementation in overweight women reduces the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia. Although there is strong evidence showed that iodine prevents and fight various diseases some doctors and gynecologists still not prescribe iodine in pregnancy and lactation by fear, ignorance or lack of knowledge. Thereby, one change of paradigm in the current medical model in relation in to iodine intake needs to be urgently done.","PeriodicalId":90227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional disorders & therapy","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2161-0509.1000206","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48509183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Haemoglobin Status and Transplacental Transport of Lead and Calcium During Geophagy","authors":"Bonglaisin Jn, M. Chelea, Tsafack Tjj, D. Pn, Lantum Dn, Ngondé Emc","doi":"10.4172/2161-0509.1000204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0509.1000204","url":null,"abstract":"The consumption of Pb contaminated kaolin can be linked to fetal Pb exposure since Pb mimics calcium in its assimilation mechanism or active transfer to the foetus. Exposure to Pb equally increases susceptibility to iron deficiency. The study occurred postpartum to determine Pb and calcium in cord blood as well as the Hb levels of 54 pregnant women consuming kaolin. They included; 15 habitual consumers of kaolin, 15 previous consumers of kaolin and 24 non-consumers of kaolin. Statgraphic 5.0 was used for data analyses. Neonatal cord blood Pb values of the subjects starts from 0 μg/100 g in habitual consumers of kaolin, increasing to a mean value of 76.2 ± 59 μg/100 g for non-consumers of kaolin then to 178.6 ± 88.4 μg/100g of whole blood for previous consumers of kaolin with statistical significance between the groups (p=0.001). Kaolin-eating was associated with modest increase of calcium in cord blood of habitual consumers of kaolin correlating negatively to Pb (r=-0.99). Hemoglobin values increased from habitual consumers of kaolin (10.6 g/dl) through previous consumers of kaolin (12.3 g/dl) to nonconsumers of kaolin (13.03 g/dl). This study reveals that Pb does not pass into cord blood during kaolin-eating but does so for previous consumers of kaolin. Local kaolin-eating leads to low Hb level in human.","PeriodicalId":90227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional disorders & therapy","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42194906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}