New Perspectives for the Nutritional Value of Vitamin K in Human Health

C. Viegas, D. Simes
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引用次数: 6

Abstract

Vitamin K is an essential micronutrient in the post-translational modification of specific glutamic acid residues (Glu) into γ-carboxyglutamic acid residues (Gla) in target proteins known as vitamin K-dependent proteins (VKDPs). In healthy conditions of sufficient vitamin K status, a vitamin K recycling system maintains sufficient vitamin K levels for proper γ-carboxylation of VKDPs, and vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) widely used as anticoagulants inhibit vitamin K recycling. Besides its well-known function in the maintenance of normal coagulation, vitamin K has been reported to have other diverse physiological functions with impact in human health. In extra-hepatic tissues vitamin K deficiency results in impairment of VKDPs γ-carboxylation with important implications in bone and cardiovascular health. Although most of vitamin K effects have been associated with regulation of mineralization in connective tissues through the action of matrix Gla protein (MGP) and osteocalcin (OC), the discovery of Gla-rich protein (GRP) open new perspectives on the potential therapeutic range of vitamin K.
维生素K在人体健康中的营养价值的新观点
维生素K是一种必需的微量营养素,在特定谷氨酸残基(Glu)转化为γ-羧谷氨酸残基(Gla)的靶蛋白中被称为维生素K依赖蛋白(vkdp)。在维生素K充足的健康状态下,维生素K循环系统维持足够的维生素K水平,以维持vkdp的γ-羧基化,而维生素K拮抗剂(VKAs)广泛用作抗凝血剂,抑制维生素K的循环。除了众所周知的维持正常凝血功能外,维生素K还具有其他多种生理功能,对人体健康有影响。在肝外组织中,维生素K缺乏导致VKDPs γ-羧化损伤,对骨骼和心血管健康具有重要意义。虽然大多数维生素K的作用与通过基质Gla蛋白(MGP)和骨钙素(OC)的作用调节结缔组织矿化有关,但富Gla蛋白(GRP)的发现为维生素K的潜在治疗范围开辟了新的视角。
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