Aquaculture最新文献

{"title":"Physiological reactions of large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) to sound stimulus at 500 Hz: Implications for marine management regarding low frequency continuous noise","authors":"Shiqi Song ,&nbsp;Xiujuan Shan ,&nbsp;Chengcheng Su ,&nbsp;Yongsong Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742888","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742888","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With increasing in human activities such as the operation of offshore wind farms and shipping, the impacts of anthropogenic low frequency continuous noise on marine organisms have garnered increasing attention. This study used the sound-sensitive large yellow croaker (<em>Larimichthys crocea</em>) to investigate the physiological effects of low frequency continuous noise. Fish were exposed to continuous underwater noise at sound pressure levels of 105 ± 5 dB, 125 ± 5 dB, and 145 ± 5 dB for 15 days, with an unexposed control group. Antioxidant enzyme activities in the liver were measured, and transcriptome sequencing was performed to screen for noise stress-related differentially expressed genes. Results showed that superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity peaked under low noise stress but decreased significantly under high noise stress. Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity decreased initially and then increased, reaching the highest level under high noise stress. Catalase (CAT) activity was highest under medium noise stress and similar to the control under high noise stress. Transcriptome analysis revealed that noise stress altered gene expression in the brain and liver, with differentially expressed genes significantly enriched in pathways related to neural function, apoptosis, metabolism, immunity, and signal transduction. Key genes in glutamatergic and GABAergic synapse pathways were downregulated, while <em>caspase</em> family genes in apoptosis pathways were upregulated. Genes related to pancreatic secretion and fatty acid metabolism were downregulated, and those in complement and chemokine signaling pathways were altered. The study suggests that continuous exposure to underwater noise from human activities generates excessive reactive oxygen species in <em>L. crocea</em>, disrupting the normal function of the antioxidant enzyme system. High-intensity noise may exceed its antioxidant defense capacity and potentially lead to neurologic damage, accelerated apoptosis, metabolic disorders, and compromised immune function in L. <em>crocea</em>. These findings provide a basis for the impact assessment of anthropogenic low frequency continuous noise on fishery resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"610 ","pages":"Article 742888"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144579910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic transmission, self-fertilization, apomixis and triploidy in mixed hybridizations of sugar kelp (Saccharina latissima)","authors":"S. Bråtelund ,&nbsp;T. Ruttink ,&nbsp;F. Goecke ,&nbsp;G. Klemetsdal ,&nbsp;S. Forbord ,&nbsp;J. Skjermo ,&nbsp;D. Aldridge ,&nbsp;A.R. Borrero-Santiago ,&nbsp;J. Ødegård ,&nbsp;J. Funderud ,&nbsp;Å. Ergon","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742928","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742928","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The kelp species <em>Saccharina latissima</em> is gaining attention due to the growing interest in kelp cultivation in Europe and North America. The current common practice of propagation is to generate seedlings through mixed hybridization of individuals collected from the wild. However, virtually nothing is known about rates of self-fertilization, apomixis, and unintended selection in this process. Moreover, efforts to develop genetic material suitable for cultivation remain limited. We conducted a selection experiment to test how mixed hybridization and selection could be used for initial breeding for large-size <em>S. latissima</em> sporophytes. We mixed spores from 159 wild sporophytes to produce an F1 generation. Approximately 800 offspring were phenotyped and genotyped using “genotyping by sequencing” (GBS). Then, 25 large-sized individuals were selected as parents for an F2_selected population, while 25 random individuals served as parents of an F2_control population. Approximately 800 individuals from F2_selected and 200 individuals from F2_control were phenotyped and genotyped. Parentage assignment revealed considerable variation in transmission between parents. Selfing rates exceeded expectations under random mating in F2_selected (0.10), and particularly in F2_control (0.73), where it led to high inbreeding levels (<em>F</em>_IS = 0.16) and contributed to reducing the expected heterozygosity from 0.20 to 0.18. In F1, 4 % of the sporophytes were apomictic, while in F2_selected and F2_control the fraction of apomictic sporophytes was 0 % and 1 %, respectively. Additionally, spontaneous triploid offspring were identified on the basis of GBS data at a rate of 0.3 %–0.6 %. We discuss implications of our results for practical propagation and breeding of <em>S. latissima</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"610 ","pages":"Article 742928"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144579904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel grass carp pathogen Citrobacter amalonaticus induces severe intestinal inflammation","authors":"Zhongyi Liu ,&nbsp;Lianzhen Xin ,&nbsp;Yayun Xu ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Xu ,&nbsp;Yubang Shen ,&nbsp;Liang Jia ,&nbsp;Dan Xu ,&nbsp;Lang Gui","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742913","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742913","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Citrobacter amalonaticus</em> is widely recognized as a conditionally pathogenic bacterium, primarily associated with meningitis, brain abscesses and urinary tract infections in humans. To date, no documented cases of <em>C. amalonaticus</em> causing disease in fish have been reported. However, our recent study identified this bacterium as a novel pathogen responsible for over 50 % morbidity in grass carp (<em>Ctenopharyngodon idella</em>). Through comprehensive morphological analysis, biochemical phenotype identification and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, this pathogen was confirmed as <em>C. amalonaticus</em> (ca). The lethal dose, 50 % (LD₅₀) of ca in grass carp was determined to be 2.04 × 10⁵ CFU/mL. Infected fish exhibited symptoms consistent with naturally diseased individuals, including ulcerated and hemorrhagic skin, abdominal distension, hemorrhagic and swollen cloaca, and severe ascites. Histopathological examination revealed extensive damage to the intestine, liver, spleen, and kidney, with the intestines exhibiting particularly severe lesions. The health status of the fish was assessed through various parameters, including hematological indices, intestinal enzyme activity 72 h post-infection and expression levels of inflammation-related genes at multiple time points (0, 24, 48, 72, 96 hpi). Results indicated significant changes, including increased white blood cell count, reduced digestive enzyme activity (e.g., trypsin, TRY), elevated oxidative stress enzyme activity (e.g., catalase, CAT), and upregulation of inflammatory genes (e.g., <em>IL-8</em>). Drug sensitivity testing demonstrated that ca was highly susceptible to ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin and vancomycin. This study confirms the pathogenicity of ca in fish and represents the first identification of <em>C. amalonaticus</em> infection in grass carp, causing severe intestinal inflammation. These findings provide valuable data for the prevention and treatment of this disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"609 ","pages":"Article 742913"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144614670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective role of oligochitosan in intestinal homeostasis to Edwardsiella ictaluri in hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂)","authors":"Lixin Ma,&nbsp;Zhilong Chen,&nbsp;Zhuojin He,&nbsp;Xiaomin Zheng,&nbsp;Yutao Li,&nbsp;Cuiyun Zhou,&nbsp;Li Lin,&nbsp;Fei Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742923","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742923","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Edwardsiella ictaluri</em> is a major pathogen that causes severe infections in fish. Oligochitosan has antioxidant and antibacterial properties, and can also regulate the immune system and intestinal flora.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of <em>E. ictaluri</em> infection in hybrid grouper and evaluated the effects of oligochitosan supplementation on intestinal health, gut microbiota, and metabolism.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, we employed a combination of histopathology, TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), biochemical analysis, 16S rRNA sequencing, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), transcriptomics, and metabolomics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><em>E. ictaluri</em> infection significantly altered goblet cell counts (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), apoptosis rates (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01), increased villus height (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), and reduced muscularis thickness (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). Oligochitosan intervention effectively restored intestinal structure. Compared to controls, <em>E. ictaluri</em> elevated intestinal superoxide dismutase (SOD) (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) and amylase (AMS) activities (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01), while oligochitosan significantly decreased catalase (CAT) activity relative to infected fish (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). The infection also increased bacterial load and disrupted microbiota composition, whereas oligochitosan promoted beneficial genera, including <em>Faecalibaculum</em> and <em>Bacteroides</em>. FISH analysis confirmed increased bacterial colonization post-infection (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01), which was alleviated by oligochitosan (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). Transcriptomics revealed that <em>E. ictaluri</em> altered genes involved in fat absorption and TNF signaling, effects mitigated by oligochitosan. Metabolomics showed infection suppressed D-amino acid, taurine, and hypotaurine metabolism, reducing amino acid levels, while oligochitosan reversed these trends. Multi-omics correlation analyses indicated that oligochitosan modulated intestinal amino acid metabolism by enhancing probiotic-associated pathways.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Collectively, oligochitosan can alleviate <em>E. ictaluri</em> induced by enhancing intestinal tissue integrity and antioxidant defense, maintaining intestinal flora balance, and regulating amino acid metabolism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"610 ","pages":"Article 742923"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144548366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of salinity, temperature and photoperiod on egg production of Pseudodiaptomus annandalei (Copepoda: Calanoida) used as live feed in Mariculture","authors":"Neethu Kuriakose ,&nbsp;Imelda Joseph","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742921","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742921","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Copepods are essential for maintaining marine ecosystems, and nauplii of <em>Pseudodiaptomus annandalei</em> serves as a crucial food source for fish larvae. This study investigated how salinity, temperature, and photoperiod (Light: Dark cycle) affect the reproductive traits of this copepod in a controlled environment. Clutch size was highest at 15 ppt salinity, with an average of 18.00 ± 0.58 eggs, while it dropped significantly to 9.33 ± 0.33 at 30 ppt. The dimensions of egg sacs and the total length of adult females were also smallest at 30 ppt. Among different salinities, the shortest times to first and total maturity were recorded at 10 ppt, whereas the longest times occurred at 30 ppt. Temperature also played a critical role; clutch size peaked at 28 °C and was lowest at 25 °C, with an average of 11.00 ± 0.41. Photoperiod had a limited impact on reproductive output, but the highest clutch size was observed in a 0 hL:24 hD light cycle. The findings suggest that optimal conditions for maximizing nauplii production in <em>P. annandalei</em> are a salinity of 15 ppt, a temperature of 28 °C, and a continuous dark photoperiod (0 hL:24 hD). Under these conditions, the highest hatching percentage was achieved, highlighting the importance of these factors for effective breeding in this copepod species. This research provides valuable insights for marine ecology and aquaculture, emphasizing the significance of environmental conditions in copepod reproduction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"610 ","pages":"Article 742921"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144579907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and characterization of the PAAR-1 gene in Pseudomonas plecoglossicida: Insights into bacterial phenotypes and host immune responses in Large Yellow Croaker (Larimichthys crocea)","authors":"Baoyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Youshen Li ,&nbsp;Jianxin Li ,&nbsp;Yu Zhai ,&nbsp;Ziyu Meng ,&nbsp;Xiyue Huang ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Zhou ,&nbsp;Jingqun Ao ,&nbsp;Ruoyu Liu ,&nbsp;Xinhua Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742925","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742925","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Pseudomonas plecoglossicida</em> is a pathogen bacterium responsible for visceral white spot disease (VWND) in Large Yellow Croakers (<em>Larimichthys crocea</em>), causing significant economic losses in commercial fish farms. The proline-alanine-alanine-arginine repeats protein (PAAR) is a core component of the spike structure in the type VI secretion system (T6SS), which injects toxic effectors into host and contributes to bacterial virulence. However, the role of the <em>PAAR</em> gene in <em>P. plecoglossicida</em> and its impact on bacterial infection and host immune responses remain unexplored. In this study, <em>PAAR-1</em> was identified for the first time in <em>P. plecoglossicida</em> as an effector gene within the T6SS-1 gene cluster, which is regulated and secreted by T6SS-1. The <em>P. plecoglossicida</em> mutant strain (Δ<em>PAAR-1</em>) and its complementary strain (C-Δ<em>PAAR-1</em>) were constructed for subsequent investigation. Compared to the wild-type strain, Δ<em>PAAR-1</em> exhibited reduced biofilm formation, adhesion, total antioxidant capacity, and secretion of T6SS core protein Hcp-1. In vitro, Δ<em>PAAR-1</em> showed decreased survival rates in Large Yellow Croaker macrophage cell line (LYC-FM) due to impaired oxidative stress tolerance. In vivo, infection with Δ<em>PAAR-1</em> led to a significant reduction in mortality, bacterial colonization, and the formation of spleen nodules in Large Yellow Croakers. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed that <em>PAAR-1</em> predominantly influences the host Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway and apoptosis by upregulating the expression of plasma membrane-associated TLRs, including <em>TLR1</em>, <em>TLR2</em>, and <em>TLR5</em>, while downregulating the expression of endosomal TLRs like <em>TLR3</em>, <em>TLR7</em>, <em>TLR8</em>, and <em>TLR9</em>, along with its downstream molecules such as <em>MyD88</em> and <em>TRAF3.</em> Additionally, knockout <em>PAAR-1</em> downregulates apoptosis-related genes including <em>AP-1, NF-κB, FAS-L TNFα, Caspase8,</em> and <em>FAS-L</em>. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) further confirmed these findings. Furthermore, the proportion of apoptotic cells was significantly lower in the Δ<em>PAAR-1</em> infected LYC-PKM cells. These results indicate that <em>PAAR-1</em> is involved in regulating TLR signaling pathway and apoptosis in Large Yellow Croaker. This study provides the first identification of the core T6SS-1 gene <em>PAAR-1</em> in <em>P. plecoglossicida</em>, offering valuable insights into its pathogenic mechanisms and presenting a potential target for attenuated vaccine development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"610 ","pages":"Article 742925"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144557228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Succession patterns, environmental connections, and assembly mechanisms of gut microbiota in the giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) across lifespan","authors":"Songbao Zou ,&nbsp;Yao Zheng ,&nbsp;Julin Yuan ,&nbsp;Meng Ni ,&nbsp;Mei Liu ,&nbsp;Dan Zhou ,&nbsp;Qiang Gao ,&nbsp;Mingfeng Deng ,&nbsp;Ruichen Wang ,&nbsp;Xin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742927","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742927","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ecological succession patterns and assembly mechanisms governing gut microbiome dynamics during aquatic host ontogeny remain underexplored, particularly regarding environmental connectivity and habitat transitions. Using the giant freshwater prawn (<em>Macrobrachium rosenbergii</em>) as a model, we surveyed gut microbiota dynamics from egg to adult across 16 developmental stages through brackish-to-freshwater transition over 140 days, using 16S RNA gene amplicon sequencing. Results revealed distinct alpha diversity patterns characterized by U-shaped during larviculture and unimodal during pond culture. Random forest identified 11 life-stage-associated microbial biomarkers (e.g., Chthoniobacteraceae enriched in juveniles) functionally linked to nutrient acquisition. SourceTracker analysis demonstrated limited acquisition from environmental sources (water: 0.1–18.6 %; sediment: 0.1–3.2 %) when incorporating prior-stage gut microbiota as the internal source. Gut microbial colonization exhibited pulsed-attenuation dynamics with four distinct bacterioplankton recruitment pulses (Zoea I, VI, XI, juvenile) followed by gradual attenuation, highlighting critical windows for probiotic intervention. Community assembly processes transitioned from homogenizing dispersal during the early stages (Zoea I-III) to homogeneous selection during the mid-late stages (Zoea VI-XII), with habitat transition significantly influencing successional patterns. These findings provide comprehensive insights into prawn gut microbiota assembly mechanisms by integrating host development, environmental sources, and habitat transitions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"610 ","pages":"Article 742927"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144557229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microplastic pollution in aquaculture species: Quantification and characterization in Tilapia and Pangas","authors":"Md. Rased Khan Manon ,&nbsp;Md. Sazedul Hoque ,&nbsp;Md. Ariful Alam ,&nbsp;Md. Saiful Islam ,&nbsp;Md. Arifur Rahman","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742922","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742922","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics (MPs) are an emerging threat to freshwater ecosystems and aquatic life, yet data on MPs pollution in aquaculture systems especially in Bangladesh, remain scarce. This study investigated the tissue accumulation and polymer compositions of MPs influenced by the feeding habits of <em>Oreochromis niloticus</em> and <em>Pangasius hypophthalmus</em> from aquaculture ponds. MPs were predominantly detected in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and muscle tissues, with fibers (&lt;0.5 mm) being the most common type and black the dominant color. Interestingly, feeding habits did not significantly affect the overall MP intake. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed 70.3 % of the total variation in Tilapia and 53.7 % in Pangas, with 1 to 5, transparent, and filament (fiber) showing significant positive contributions as the main components. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis detected polyethylene as the most abundant polymer, followed by polyester, polypropylene, cellulose, non-plastic, and unidentified particles. These findings highlight the prevalent presence of MPs in aquaculture systems, raising concerns about trophic transfer and eventual risks to human health. The study highlights the pressing need for operational management policies to alleviate MP pollution in aquaculture environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"610 ","pages":"Article 742922"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144570477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploiting the untapped wild resources: Developing new diploid tetrasporophyte Kappaphycus alvarezii cultivars from sporelings of wild cystocarpic parental plants","authors":"Jonh Rey L. Gacura ,&nbsp;Lourie Ann R. Hinaloc ,&nbsp;Rachel N. Oguira ,&nbsp;Bienson Ceasar V. Narvarte ,&nbsp;Ronel T. Aguilar ,&nbsp;Emmanuel M. Mendoza ,&nbsp;Vicenta Z. Projimo ,&nbsp;Michael Y. Roleda","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742916","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742916","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Successive clonal propagation of commercially cultivated haplotypes of <em>Kappaphycus alvarezii</em> from a limited gene pool over decades has plausibly led to strain fatigue and loss of vigor. Henceforth, diversifying the genetic pool of cultivated <em>K. alvarezii</em> became imperative to reverse these trends, and reinvigorate the productivity of the seaweed farming industry. Here, we utilized the spores from wild cystocarpic <em>K. alvarezii</em> to develop new cultivars that may potentially exhibit resilience to various biotic and abiotic stressors. In this study, we investigated the physiological, and biochemical performances of selected next-generation tetrasporophytes from cystocarpic parental plants of <em>K. alvarezii</em>of novel haplotypes<em>,</em> here labeled [strain (haplotype)] as, TR-C5 (KALV-D4), TR-R3(KALV-D3), TR-S8(KALV-D6), cultivated in land-based and sea-based conditions, and compared their performance to the commercially cultivated Tambalang brown strain (commercially farmed haplotype KALV-A3). Growth among the novel strains cultivated in land-based nursery conditions did not significantly vary ranging from 4.19 % day⁻¹ to 5.78 % day⁻¹. However, significant growth variability among strains was observed when cultivated in sea-based conditions ranging from 0.85 % day⁻¹ to 4.47 % day⁻¹ during D30, and 3.18 % day⁻¹ to 5.26 % day⁻¹ by D60. Moreover, susceptibility to ice-ice disease syndrome showed to be strain-specific with TR-S8 demonstrating lesser susceptibility among the novel strains. Except for the total protein, the biochemistry significantly varied among strains and between different cultivation methods (land-based hatchery vs. in situ sea-based farming). Our results further support the importance of exploring the presence of a reservoir of unutilized wild genotypes that can be used in developing new cultivars with superior traits for future domestication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"610 ","pages":"Article 742916"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144570473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of ocean acidification on skeletal structures in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata): In vitro and in vivo studies","authors":"Inmaculada Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Isabel García-Pérez ,&nbsp;Nazanin Sadeghi ,&nbsp;Manel Montblanch ,&nbsp;Joaquim Gutiérrez ,&nbsp;Isabel Navarro ,&nbsp;Encarnación Capilla ,&nbsp;Daniel Garcia de la serrana","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742919","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742919","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ocean acidification is considered a significant risk to aquaculture, as it may adversely affect the growth and development of aquatic organisms. The effect of ocean acidification has been shown to impair the growth and survival of fish and to increase otoliths calcification in certain species; however, its effects on bone mineralization remain not well studied. The objective of the present study was to examine the effects of seawater acidification on the skeletal mineralization of gilthead sea bream juveniles, and to assess the direct impact of distinct pH levels on bone-derived cells development. After 68 days of exposure to low pH, fish exhibited a significantly reduced specific growth rate and elevated plasma pH levels, which influenced electrolyte concentrations such as potassium. Moreover, fish exposed to low pH showed increased otoliths size but no differences in shape. In bone, a higher vertebral length/height ratio was also observed, accompanied by significantly reduced opacity and increased expression of the osteoblast and osteoclast markers, alkaline phosphatase (<em>alp</em>) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (<em>mmp9</em>), respectively, suggesting an elevated rate of bone turnover although reduced mineralization. <em>In vitro</em>, osteoblasts exposed to a low extracellular pH for 30 days exhibited increased viability and mineralization compared to cells maintained at a plasma pH or an alkaline pH. Additionally, the pH level significantly influenced the expression of several extracellular matrix components and osteoblast markers supporting those observations. Overall, these findings underscore the threat that ocean acidification poses to aquaculture, particularly through its impact on skeletal mineralization in gilthead sea bream, and highlight the importance of identifying approaches to farming resilient fish.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"610 ","pages":"Article 742919"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144572280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}