AquaculturePub Date : 2025-06-13DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742834
Simei He, Guofan Zhang, Yuyuan Peng, Kunyan Li, Jiajie Xie, Ke Zhang, Wen Fu, Yamei Xiao, Liqiu Xia, Shengbiao Hu
{"title":"Bivalent vaccination with Edwardsiella tarda and Aeromonas salmonicida protected freshwater fish after challenge and consists a strategic approach against pathogens","authors":"Simei He, Guofan Zhang, Yuyuan Peng, Kunyan Li, Jiajie Xie, Ke Zhang, Wen Fu, Yamei Xiao, Liqiu Xia, Shengbiao Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742834","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742834","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The delivery of antigens into host cells via the type III secretion system (T3SS) represents a highly effective strategy employed by bacteria to elicit host immune responses and protect against bacterial infections. In this study, we engineered recombinant strains by heterologously biosynthesizing the T3SS from <em>Photorhabdus luminescens</em> TT01 in the avirulent <em>Aeromonas salmonicida</em> DBFF01 strain using tilapia and carp as model. The GAPDH from <em>Edwardsiella tarda</em> was N-terminally fused with the translocation signal of the type III effector LopT and co-expressed with its chaperone, SlcT, in T3SS-expressing <em>A. salmonicida</em> DBFF01, thereby constructing a bivalent vaccine targeting both <em>E. tarda</em> and <em>A. salmonicida</em>. The detection of GAPDH delivery in eukaryotic cells indicates that the heterologous biosynthetic T3SS in <em>A. salmonicida</em> DBFF01 possesses functional activity and can effectively transport GAPDH to carp epithelial cells (EPCs). In vivo trials revealed that tilapia immunized with the bivalent vaccine achieved 100 % relative percentage survival rate when challenged with lethal <em>E. tarda</em> EIB202. Furthermore, the recombinant strains effectively colonized fish tissues without inducing pathology. The vaccination significantly enhanced innate immune enzyme activities and elevated serum IgM levels as well as proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-α), and antigen-presenting cell (APC) activation. These findings establish T3SS as a versatile and potent tool for vaccine delivery in aquaculture, combining high efficacy, safety, and robust immune activation to combat bacterial pathogens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"609 ","pages":"Article 742834"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144306668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AquaculturePub Date : 2025-06-12DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742850
Barbara Nuic , Chloe English , Alyssa Bowden , Nicholas M. Wade , Lambertus Koster , Minami Kawasaki , Ashleah Williams , Omar Mendoza-Porras , Andrew C. Barnes , Craig E. Franklin , Richard Smullen , Rebecca L. Cramp
{"title":"Physiological and immunological biomarkers of chronic thermal stress in post-smolt Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar","authors":"Barbara Nuic , Chloe English , Alyssa Bowden , Nicholas M. Wade , Lambertus Koster , Minami Kawasaki , Ashleah Williams , Omar Mendoza-Porras , Andrew C. Barnes , Craig E. Franklin , Richard Smullen , Rebecca L. Cramp","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742850","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742850","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing prevalence of marine heat waves is a challenge facing global aquaculture, especially for temperate species like Atlantic salmon which, in Australia, are farmed in relatively warm waters. However, we do not understand the mechanistic basis for fish underperformance at temperatures above their thermal optimum and this limits our capacity to develop interventions to offset the effects of warming on production efficiencies. In this study, we compared a diverse suite of physiological and immunological biomarkers in post-smolt Tasmanian Atlantic salmon (∼60–100 g) following 6 weeks of exposure to elevated (19 °C) or optimal rearing temperatures (15 °C). Fish held at 19 °C experienced a significant increase in standard metabolic rate, but no change in maximum metabolic rate which resulted in a significant reduction in factorial aerobic scope. There was a significant increase in upper thermal tolerance limits, but a reduction in hypoxia tolerance in 19 °C-exposed fish. CTmax was also more oxygen-dependent in 19 °C fish suggesting that hypoxia can compound the effects of heat stress on Atlantic salmon. Fish held at 19 °C experienced osmoregulatory disturbances with increase in plasma osmotic pressure, but this was not due to reduced performance of branchial Na<sup>+</sup>K<sup>+</sup>ATPase activity. Innate (respiratory burst and white blood cell counts) and adaptive immune responses were also impaired in 19 °C-acclimated salmon. These data demonstrate that the loss of production efficiency in salmon at high temperatures is complex given that multiple physiological systems are impacted simultaneously. Whole animal performance could be improved through the provision of targeted nutritional support to key physiological and/or immune parameters that may be disrupted during periods of thermal stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"609 ","pages":"Article 742850"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144288943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AquaculturePub Date : 2025-06-11DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742829
Francesca Carella
{"title":"Systematic infection of the foot of the mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) by a trematode parasite (Digenea: Monorchiidae) in the farms of Tyrrhenum and Adriatic Sea (Italy)","authors":"Francesca Carella","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742829","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742829","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phases of development of a trematode parasite were observed in the histological samples at foot level of the Mediterranean mussel <em>M. galloprovincialis</em> during routine studies between 2008-2021 along Campania coast. Macroscopically, affected animals may display nodular areas and discolouration at foot level. Histopathology revealed the presence of cercaria and metacercariae present in variable number, from 1 to 6 per foot, variously distributed either at the level of the bixogenic glands, the collagen gland or the adhesive plate, or in the muscular portion, with a prevalence in the affected areas ranging from 3.3 % to 20 %. The invasion appeared to originate at the level of the pedal blood vessels located along the structure of the foot or in the terminal part, up to reaching the various muscle or glandular sites. Molecular assay of the rRNA 18S showed an identity of 96.1 % with a trematode belonging to the <em>Monorchidae</em> familiy named <em>Opistomonorcheides delicatus</em>, commonly infecting Carangidae fishes in Pacific Ocean. This is the first morphological and molecular description of this genus affecting the foot of the mediterranean mussels in Italian waters. The presence of this parasite could affect the mussel thread strength to the farm ropes and help the predation of the succeeding host.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"609 ","pages":"Article 742829"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144280116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AquaculturePub Date : 2025-06-11DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742848
Celma G. Lemos , Baltasar F. Garcia , Marcelo S.S. Filho , Jairo R. Arango , Arno J. Butzge , Luciana Shiotsuki , Luiz Eduardo L. Freitas , Fabrício P. Rezende , Elisabeth C. Urbinati , Guilherme J.M. Rosa , Diogo T. Hashimoto
{"title":"Deep learning approach for genetic selection of stress response in the Amazon fish Colossoma macropomum","authors":"Celma G. Lemos , Baltasar F. Garcia , Marcelo S.S. Filho , Jairo R. Arango , Arno J. Butzge , Luciana Shiotsuki , Luiz Eduardo L. Freitas , Fabrício P. Rezende , Elisabeth C. Urbinati , Guilherme J.M. Rosa , Diogo T. Hashimoto","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742848","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742848","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examined skin color variation in tambaqui (<em>Colossoma macropomum</em>) in response to stress, focusing on morphological and physiological color change mechanisms. A computer vision system (CVS) based on the DeepLab V3 model with ResNet-50 was developed to automate countershading intensity detection. Images from 3780 fish across two populations were used to train a model and estimate genetic parameters for countershading intensity. Morphological color changes were induced in confinement tanks, with countershading intensity observed after 10 days. Physiologically, the α-MSH hormone expanded melanophores by 80 %, intensifying countershading. The CVS achieved high accuracy (88.2 %) for large-scale phenotyping, with moderate to high heritability estimates for color phenotypes: 0.456 ± 0.122 for black pixel percentage, 0.494 ± 0.128 for mean pixel intensity, and 0.192 ± 0.059 for the number of pixels. Low correlations with growth traits suggest that countershading selection can occur without affecting growth, highlighting its potential in breeding programs to improve appearance and stress resilience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"609 ","pages":"Article 742848"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144314585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AquaculturePub Date : 2025-06-11DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742844
Longjie Li , Mengqi He , Yingying Ge , Wanyu Wei , Minmin Wu , Yuanpu Sha , Shuwen Zhang , Jing Dong , Xuejun Li , Xiaofei Gao , Huatao Yuan
{"title":"Effects of floating bed plants on remediation of eutrophic ponds and cultured species of Cyprinus carpio","authors":"Longjie Li , Mengqi He , Yingying Ge , Wanyu Wei , Minmin Wu , Yuanpu Sha , Shuwen Zhang , Jing Dong , Xuejun Li , Xiaofei Gao , Huatao Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742844","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742844","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent decades, cyanobacterial blooms have emerged as a major constraint on the sustainable development of freshwater aquaculture. Due to their capacity for biological self-purification, ecological floating beds have been widely utilized in the remediation of eutrophic water bodies. However, most existing studies have focused on the nutrient removal capacities of floating bed plants, with limited attention to their effects on algal community dynamics. In this study, three common aquatic plants—<em>Eichhornia crassipes</em>, <em>Pistia stratiotes</em>, and <em>Ipomoea aquatica</em>—were selected to investigate their overall effects on eutrophic pond remediation. All three species exhibited good tolerance to cyanobacterial blooms and significantly enhanced the anti-oxidative stress response of <em>Cyprinus carpio</em>. The cyanobacterial inhibition rates were 87.92 %, 70.07 %, and 96.32 %, respectively, whereas the relative abundance of green algae increased, most notably with <em>I. aquatica</em>. It is speculated that, in addition to plant-derived allelochemicals, toxin-degrading bacteria from the phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Myxococcota, and Bdellovibrionota may have contributed to the suppression of cyanobacteria. These findings improve understanding of the ecological roles of different floating bed plants in eutrophic pond restoration and offer a theoretical basis for species selection and future application of floating bed systems in aquatic ecosystem management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"609 ","pages":"Article 742844"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144280117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AquaculturePub Date : 2025-06-11DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742846
Chih-Hsuan Fan , Wei-Kuang Wang , Zi-Yan Xu , Shu-Hsien Tsai , Chuan-Chi Chien , Chiu-Hui Kuo , Bonien Chen , Kuang-Teng Wang , Chia-Hsin Chang , Tsung-Meng Wu , Kuohsun Chiu
{"title":"Seaweed-derived biochar as a sustainable feed supplement enhances tilapia growth associated with gut microbiota modulation","authors":"Chih-Hsuan Fan , Wei-Kuang Wang , Zi-Yan Xu , Shu-Hsien Tsai , Chuan-Chi Chien , Chiu-Hui Kuo , Bonien Chen , Kuang-Teng Wang , Chia-Hsin Chang , Tsung-Meng Wu , Kuohsun Chiu","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742846","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742846","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The escalating demand for sustainable aquaculture practices has driven interest in innovative feed supplements. This study evaluated seaweed-derived biochar (RSB) produced from <em>Agardhiella subulate</em> (AS) through slow pyrolysis at 400 °C, resulting in a conversion rate of 52 % and a biochar rich in organic carbon (>85 % of total carbon content) with a porous structure. We hypothesized that incorporating this biochar into tilapia (<em>Oreochromis niloticus</em>) feed could enhance growth performance by modulating gut microbiota composition. Over a 12-week feeding trial, tilapia were fed diets containing 0 %, 1 %, and 2 % biochar. Growth performance was assessed through measurements of weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and survival rates. High-throughput sequencing was performed to analyze gut microbiota changes. Results showed that tilapia fed the 1 % biochar-supplemented diet exhibited a significant increase in weight gain and improved feed conversion ratios. The biochar's high organic carbon content and porous structure may facilitate nutrient absorption and provide a substrate for beneficial gut bacteria. Gut microbiota analysis revealed shifts in microbial communities, with increased abundance of beneficial bacteria associated with enhanced nutrient metabolism. No adverse effects on fish health or survival were observed. The incorporation of seaweed-derived biochar with specific beneficial characteristics into tilapia feed demonstrates potential for enhancing growth performance and improving gut microbiota composition. This study supports the use of biochar as a sustainable feed supplement in aquaculture, offering economic and environmental benefits. Future research should focus on optimizing biochar properties and concentrations, and exploring long-term impacts on fish health and productivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"609 ","pages":"Article 742846"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144290461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AquaculturePub Date : 2025-06-11DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742845
Shuhui Liu , Guozhi Luo , Gaopeng Wu , Baojie Fan , Wenchang Liu , Hongxin Tan , Xin Hu
{"title":"Impact of commercial probiotics (Bacillus subtilis) addition during biofloc start-up: water quality, nitrogen conversion, nutrition and microbial community","authors":"Shuhui Liu , Guozhi Luo , Gaopeng Wu , Baojie Fan , Wenchang Liu , Hongxin Tan , Xin Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742845","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742845","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although probiotics are used widely in aquaculture, the role of probiotics in biofloc construction is still unclear. This study evaluated the impact of commercial <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> addition during biofloc start-up on water quality, nitrogen conversion, nutritional composition, and microbial community. Four treatments were tested: control (Ctr, without <em>B. subtilis</em> and glucose addition), glucose addition (Glu), <em>B. subtilis</em> addition (Bac), and <em>B. subtilis</em>, glucose co-addition (G + B). Results showed no significant difference in the construction time among the four groups, whereas a significant difference was detected in total ammonia nitrogen removal rates between the Ctr and Glu groups (<em>p</em> < 0.05). Glucose-added groups (Glu and G + B) showed significantly higher crude protein, essential amino acids, and total amino acids than non-glucose groups (Ctr and Bac) (<em>p</em> < 0.05). Polyunsaturated fatty acids in Bac (19.53 ± 0.88 %) and G + B groups (22.78 ± 0.84 %) were significantly higher than Ctr group (<em>p</em> < 0.05). Bac group displayed the highest microbial abundance, and the relative abundance of <em>Bacillus</em> genus was significantly higher in Glu and G + B groups than Ctr and Bac groups (<em>p</em> < 0.05). These results indicate that the addition of commercial <em>B. subtilis</em> with glucose enhances biofloc nutrition and has a synergistic effect in optimizing biofloc composition and functionality, suggesting that it should be recommended in the production. This study provides theoretical support for the productional culturing of biofloc and contributes to the understanding of the role of probiotics in biofloc.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"609 ","pages":"Article 742845"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144298758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AquaculturePub Date : 2025-06-11DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742826
André Morin , Tim Dempster , Fletcher Warren-Myers , Ida B. Johansen , Frode Oppedal , Malthe Hvas
{"title":"Tank- and cage-farmed Atlantic salmon display similar swimming performance and appetite recovery despite differences in gill and heart morphology","authors":"André Morin , Tim Dempster , Fletcher Warren-Myers , Ida B. Johansen , Frode Oppedal , Malthe Hvas","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding Atlantic salmon physiology is essential for ensuring welfare in aquaculture. Many physiological studies used to establish welfare standards have relied on fish reared in controlled tank settings, yet commercial production occurs in more variable sea cage environments. This raises the question of whether tank-reared salmon serve as reliable models for performance and health assessments of sea cage-reared populations. We compared swimming performance, stress recovery, and morphology between two groups of farmed Atlantic salmon: one reared entirely in tanks and another transferred to sea cages at ∼100 g, where they remained for 8 months. Both groups displayed comparable swimming performances and similarly high motivation to feed after 1 week following exhaustive exercise, with no post-exercise mortality observed. However, sea cage-reared salmon had a slower trajectory to recover their appetite and worse snout and skin welfare, suggesting more challenging recovery conditions at sea. Morphological analysis revealed potential trade-offs in gill and heart health: tank-reared salmon had signs of healthier gills but a higher incidence of deviating heart morphology. Unexpectedly, salmon with rounder heart ventricles and more obtuse ventricular bulbus angles swam faster relative to their body size, challenging previous findings and underscoring the need for further investigation into the functional significance of heart morphology. Our results highlight the resilience of sea cage-reared salmon and affirm the role of laboratory tank studies in aquaculture research, especially when complemented by site-specific assessments to bridge experimental and commercial contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"609 ","pages":"Article 742826"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144306670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Harvesting of microalga Coelastrella sp. CHZ by flocculation with ionic liquid choline-alanine","authors":"Yihan Xie , Hong Gu , Benyong Han, Ximeng He, Qingming Long, Junwei Xu, Peng Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742847","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742847","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microalgae are a rich resource for valuable products, yet their biomass harvesting is challenging due to their small size and low density. The study introduced choline-alanine ([Cho][Ala]), an ionic liquid, as an efficient green flocculant for <em>Coelastrella</em> sp. CHZ. [Cho][Ala] significantly enhanced flocculation efficiency, increasing from 32 % to 76 % at a 200 mg L<sup>−1</sup> concentration, and peaking at 85 % at 290 mg L<sup>−1</sup> after optimization. Employing response surface methodology and central composite design, optimal flocculation conditions were identified. Theoretical analysis using thermodynamic principles and Extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (XDLVO) theory revealed that [Cho][Ala] increases cell hydrophobicity and reduces interaction energy, promoting aggregation. It also neutralizes the surface charge, similar to traditional flocculants, reducing intercellular repulsion. This research not only improves microalgae harvesting efficiency but also deepens the understanding of cell aggregation mechanisms. It highlights the potential of ionic liquids as greener and more efficient alternatives in the bioprocessing of microalgae harvesting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"609 ","pages":"Article 742847"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144280113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}