Aquaculture最新文献

{"title":"Development and validation of three duplex real-time PCR assays for simultaneous detection of major haemorrhagic disease-associated pathogens in cultured eels","authors":"Jing Xiong ,&nbsp;Yi-xin Huang ,&nbsp;Dong-li Li ,&nbsp;Bei Huang ,&nbsp;Ying Liang ,&nbsp;Wen-shu Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743148","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Haemorrhagic disease causes significant losses in global eel aquaculture. To enable concurrent diagnosis of its diverse etiological agents, we developed three duplex TaqMan real-time PCR (qPCR) assays targeting: (1) <em>Anguillid herpesvirus</em> (AngHV) DNA polymerase gene (<em>pol</em>) and <em>Eel circovirus</em> (EeCV) capsid protein gene (<em>cp</em>); (2) <em>Aeromonas</em> cytotoxic enterotoxin (<em>act</em>) and heat-stable cytotonic enterotoxin (<em>ast</em>) genes; (3) <em>Aeromonas</em> heat-labile cytotoxic enterotoxin (<em>alt</em>) and hemolysin (<em>hlyA</em>) genes. Each assay was rigorously optimized and validated. Optimized performance was achieved using primer and probe concentrations of 0.2 μM and 0.1 μM, respectively, and a uniform annealing temperature of 60 °C for 20 s. All assays exhibited high specificity, efficient amplification (92.5–99.8 %), excellent linearity (R² ≥ 0.998), and high sensitivity, with limits of detection (LOD) of 6.2 copies/μL for <em>pol</em> and <em>cp</em>, and 3.6 copies/μL for the <em>Aeromonas</em> toxin genes (<em>act, ast, alt and hlyA</em>). Validation with fourteen <em>Aeromonas</em> strains demonstrated perfect concordance with singleplex qPCR. Applied to 54 clinical eel samples, mixed infections (56 %, 30/54), predominated over single infections (22 %, 12/54). Prevalence was EeCV (68.5 %), AngHV (55.6 %), and virulent <em>Aeromonas</em> spp. (44.4 %). Key co-infection patterns were AngHV + EeCV + <em>Aeromonas</em> spp. (35.2 %), AngHV + EeCV (11.1 %), and AngHV + <em>Aeromonas</em> spp. (9.3 %). Collectively, this study established the first duplex qPCR platform for simultaneous detection of AngHV, EeCV, and virulent <em>Aeromonas</em> spp. (via key toxin genes) associated with eel haemorrhagic disease, providing a powerful, high-throughput tool for rapid diagnosis and epidemiological surveillance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"612 ","pages":"Article 743148"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145004926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends and advancements in fish anaesthesia over the last decade","authors":"Mert Minaz ,&nbsp;Luís Félix","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743147","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743147","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In aquaculture, anaesthesia is applied in various activities such as handling, transportation, and operational procedures to reduce stress levels in fish. In this context, numerous synthetic and natural anaesthetics have been investigated from past to present. This study presents the current state of knowledge on fish anaesthesia methods and anaesthetic agents by focusing on developments over the past decade. Bibliometric analysis results reveal that, in the past, anaesthesia research on fish was predominantly conducted by specific research groups and published in particular journals. However, in recent years, new research teams and countries have also started contributing to this field. Whereas earlier studies primarily examined conventional methods and anaesthetics, recent and contemporary research has increasingly focused on the anaesthetic efficacy of various essential oils. Keyword analyses showed that studies conducted between 2014 and 2017 mainly focused on the effects of anaesthetics on the nervous system, whereas the 2018–2021 period saw a rise in interest in plant-based natural anaesthetics. Since 2022, research has increasingly shifted toward ethical considerations, fish welfare, and recovery processes. Zebrafish, tambaqui, silver catfish, tilapia, and carp are among the most studied species due to their economic importance and species-specific responses to anaesthetics. In conclusion, research on fish anaesthesia has undergone significant evolution over the past decade in terms of both scientific depth and practical application; natural anaesthetics, ethical practices, and fish welfare have come to the forefront, integrating with sustainable aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"612 ","pages":"Article 743147"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144933193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms and interventions of Aeromonas hydrophila-induced hepatic injury in Megalobrama amblycephala: Focus on oxidative stress-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis","authors":"Zhensheng Wang ,&nbsp;Wenya Zhai ,&nbsp;Canxun Ye ,&nbsp;Huanling Wang ,&nbsp;Zexia Gao ,&nbsp;Hong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743139","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743139","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Our previous study demonstrated that <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em> induces apoptosis and tissue injury in <em>Megalobrama amblycephala</em>. In this study, we explored the specific apoptotic pathways activated by <em>A. hydrophila</em>. Results revealed significant <em>A. hydrophila</em> enrichment in hepatocytes post-infection, which was attenuated by lipid raft inhibitors (methyl-β-cyclodextrin and simvastatin), along with cholesterol depletion. Meanwhile, a significant accumulation of total reactive oxygen species (T-ROS) in hepatocytes was observed, and the increase in T-ROS positive cells was further confirmed by flow cytometry. Additionally, <em>A. hydrophila</em> infection reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and increased hepatocyte apoptosis. Western blot analysis revealed decreased mitochondrial cytochrome <em>c</em> and increased cytoplasmic cytochrome <em>c</em> levels after infection, along with significant activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3. To determine whether oxidative stress mediates <em>A. hydrophila</em> induced mitochondrial apoptosis, hepatocytes were pretreated with <em>N</em>-acetylcysteine (NAC) before infection. NAC treatment significantly reduced T-ROS accumulation, alleviated MMP decline and cytochrome <em>c</em> release, and inhibited caspase-induced apoptosis. <em>In vivo</em> experiment similarly demonstrated that NAC significantly attenuated <em>A. hydrophila</em>-induced mitochondrial damage, apoptosis pathway activation, and hepatic tissue vacuolization. In conclusion, this research enhances our understanding of <em>A. hydrophila</em>'s pathogenic mechanism and provides a foundation for developing strategies to prevent and treat infections caused by this bacterium in fish.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"612 ","pages":"Article 743139"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144989242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caged seaweed aquaculture as habitats for epifauna: A case study demonstrating the importance of cages rather than cultured seaweed","authors":"Masafumi Kodama ,&nbsp;Motoki Ota ,&nbsp;Toru Sugie ,&nbsp;Jun Hachiya","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743145","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743145","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Seaweed aquaculture can have various environmental effects, with the role of providing habitat for surrounding organisms being of growing interest. Aquaculture systems typically consist of components such as ropes, cages, and cultivated seaweed itself. Each component possesses distinct characteristics and attributes, potentially influencing its function as a habitat. However, limited research has explored the differences in habitat provision among these various components. We conducted a field experiment to assess the habitat function of a seaweed aquaculture system involving the red alga <em>Solieria pacifica</em>, comparing the effects of ropes, cages, and cultured seaweed. Three treatments were tested: (1) a rope suspended without additional structure, (2) a rope suspended with an empty cage, and (3) a rope suspended with a cage containing cultured seaweed, representing the typical aquaculture setup. In all the treatments and sampling months, epifaunal assemblages are generally predominated by tube-dwelling amphipod crustaceans. Epifaunal abundance and diversity were significantly greater in the treatment with the rope and empty cage compared to the rope-only treatment, suggesting that cages provide an important habitat for epifauna. Interestingly, there was no significant difference in epifaunal diversity or assemblage structure between treatments with and without cultured seaweed. Furthermore, epifaunal abundance was higher in the absence of seaweed, indicating that cultured seaweed had limited habitat function and may even deter some epifauna. This case study offers valuable insights, demonstrating that structurally complex cages can provide more significant habitats for epifauna than the cultivated seaweed itself, highlighting an important consideration in aquaculture design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"612 ","pages":"Article 743145"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144996132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of full-fat black soldier fly larvae and yellow mealworm meals on blood composition and liver health in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)","authors":"S.M. Majharul Islam ,&nbsp;Mette Sørensen ,&nbsp;Muhammad A.B. Siddik ,&nbsp;Florence Perera Willora ,&nbsp;Monica F. Brinchmann ,&nbsp;Kirill Spiten ,&nbsp;Kyla Zatti ,&nbsp;Kim D. Thompson ,&nbsp;Ioannis N. Vatsos","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743142","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Insects, such as black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) and yellow mealworms (MW), are rich in fats and can potentially serve as sustainable sources of lipids in aquafeeds. This study aimed to investigate the effects of full-fat insect meal (IM) on blood serum composition, erythrocyte structure, liver histology, liver immunohistochemistry, and gene expression in post-smolt Atlantic salmon (<em>Salmo salar</em>).</div><div>Five experimental diets were prepared based on the nutritional requirements of the species. The control diet (CO) contained 20 % fish meal (FM), 13 % fish oil (FO), 6 % rapeseed oil (RO), 20 % soy protein concentrate (SPC), and 14 % wheat gluten (WG). The remaining four diets were formulated using full-fat BSFL and MW with varying inclusion rates: LB (5 % low BSFL), HB (10 % high BSFL), LM (15 % low MW), and HM (30 % high MW), substituting RO, SPC and WG in the control diet. Quadruplicated groups of Atlantic salmon (143 ± 12.8 g) were fed with the diets for 74 days. After the feeding trial, blood samples were collected to evaluate enzymatic activity, erythrocyte structure, and differential leucocyte counts, whilst adipose tissue and liver samples were collected to assess lipid metabolism and gene expression.</div><div>Higher frequencies of erythrocyte nuclear and cellular abnormalities were noted in the HM dietary group. A significant increase in cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL levels was found in the same group, while HDL and total protein levels were significantly elevated in the HB dietary group. Total glucose levels did not differ among the dietary groups. Fish fed full-fat MW diets had a notable increase in vacuolation and neutral lipid droplets in the liver. Major histocompatibility complex II (MHC II) positive cells in the liver, such as erythrocytes, monocytes, dendritic cells, and macrophages, increased in the HB diet. In contrast, only erythrocytes increased significantly when compared to the CO diet. The adipose cell size index significantly increased in the HM diet. The study also revealed that immune-related genes such as <em>tlr22</em>, <em>tnfα</em>, and <em>nrf2</em> were significantly upregulated in the liver of fish fed the HB diet. In contrast, genes associated with lipid metabolism, including <em>pparα</em>, <em>cpt1α</em>, and <em>fas</em>, showed an upward trend in the HM diets, although only <em>fas</em> was significantly upregulated. A significant correlation was established between neutral lipid droplets and liver vacuolation. Overall, the results suggest that full-fat BSFL diets demonstrated superior lipid utilization compared to the full-fat MW diet, which appeared to link lipid droplet accumulation to fatty liver development. This excessive lipid accumulation in the liver could potentially disrupt lipid metabolism and compromise the overall health of Atlantic salmon.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"612 ","pages":"Article 743142"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144997005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary administration of recombinant peroxiredoxin IV contributes to innate immunity and intestinal health in Larimichthys crocea juveniles","authors":"Zhichu Chen ,&nbsp;Qianqian Liu ,&nbsp;Chao Zeng ,&nbsp;Haokun You ,&nbsp;Bing Hu ,&nbsp;Jiaonan Zhang ,&nbsp;Jianchun Shao ,&nbsp;Xinhua Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743151","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743151","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the effects of supplementation with recombinant peroxiredoxin IV (Prx IV) on the innate immunity and intestinal health in large yellow croaker (<em>Larimichthys crocea</em>). Fish (<em>n</em> = 160) from triple replicates were fed diets containing 0.00 g kg ⁻¹ (<em>Prx1</em>), 0.05 g kg ⁻¹ (<em>Prx2</em>), 0.10 g kg ⁻¹ (<em>Prx3</em>), and 0.15 g kg ⁻¹ (<em>Prx4</em>) Prx IV for 8 weeks. Results demonstrated that Prx IV supplementation significantly improved systemic antioxidant capacity, evidenced by elevated activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase, and increased levels of reduced glutathione. Analysis of the head kidney inflammatory response revealed that dietary Prx IV significantly upregulated gene expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 and simultaneously downregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 2, interleukin 8, and tumor necrosis factor). Furthermore, western blot analysis confirmed that Prx IV administration markedly suppressed nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB p65 in the head kidney. Regarding intestinal effects, dietary Prx IV improved intestinal morphology and significantly enhanced the activities of key digestive enzymes (amylase, lipase, and trypsin). Additionally, Prx IV supplementation significantly upregulated the expression of tight junction proteins (claudin 11 and zona occludens 1, ZO-1). Moreover, dietary administration of 0.15 g kg⁻¹ Prx IV significantly altered intestinal microbiota profiles. Specifically, it increased the abundance of Firmicutes, decreased the abundance of potential pathogens such as <em>Haemophilus parainfluenzae</em> and <em>Klebsiella variicola</em>, and increased the abundance of <em>Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron</em>, a bacterium associated with polysaccharide digestion and absorption. In conclusion, dietary administration of 0.15 g kg ⁻¹ Prx IV enhances antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities in the head kidney and promotes intestinal health in large yellow croaker. Modulation of the intestinal microbiota may contribute to these beneficial effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"612 ","pages":"Article 743151"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144933197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypic differences between GCRV resistant and susceptible grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) based on tlr19 SNP genotypes","authors":"Yuezong Xu ,&nbsp;Guanyu Chen ,&nbsp;Pengxu Wang ,&nbsp;Maolin Lv ,&nbsp;Bo Tang ,&nbsp;Wenxing Li ,&nbsp;Jianguo Su","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743149","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743149","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Grass carp reovirus (GCRV) infection causes severe hemorrhagic disease in grass carp (<em>Ctenopharyngodon idella</em>), resulting in substantial economic losses in aquaculture. Understanding the genetic basis of resistance is crucial for the selective breeding of robust strains. This study investigated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the <em>tlr19</em> and their association with GCRV resistance. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that <em>tlr19</em> is highly conserved in fish and closely related to other Cyprinidae species. Basal expression of <em>tlr19</em> was highest in the head kidney, and significant upregulation occurred in multiple immune tissues such as head kidney, spleen, hepatopancreas, intestine and gill within 12 h post GCRV infection, indicating its critical role in the early antiviral response. Among three identified SNPs, the +3408 T/A locus showed a significant correlation with resistance. Secondary immersion challenge experiments using homozygous TT (resistant) and AA (susceptible) genotypes at this locus indicated that TT homozygotes had significantly higher survival rates compared to AA homozygotes, suggesting that the +3408 T/A locus could serve as a key genetic marker for GCRV resistance. Molecular and histopathological analyses of both phenotypic groups revealed that resistant grass carp mounted a more robust immune response following GCRV infection, characterized by marked upregulation of antiviral genes such as <em>tlr19</em>, <em>irf3</em>, <em>nf-κb1</em>, and <em>ifn1</em>. Furthermore, resistant individuals displayed enhanced activities of antioxidant enzymes, including catalase and total superoxide dismutase, which facilitated viral clearance and tissue repair. Histopathological examination showed severe hemosiderin deposition, tissue necrosis, and cellular vacuolation in the head kidney and spleen of susceptible fish, whereas tissue damage in resistant fish was notably attenuated. By elucidating the association between the <em>tlr19</em> + 3408 T/A SNP locus and GCRV resistance phenotypes, this study not only identified a genetic marker applicable to disease-resistant molecular breeding but also revealed the immunological and pathological differences between GCRV-resistant and susceptible populations. These findings provide theoretical insights and molecular marker resources for the development of disease-resistant grass carp strains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"612 ","pages":"Article 743149"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144989336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of an allotetraploid hybrid (Pengze crucian carp (♀) × Xingguo red carp (♂)) and its transcriptomic responses to herpesvirus infection","authors":"Shujia Liao ,&nbsp;Yingshi Tang ,&nbsp;Han Wen ,&nbsp;Honghai Liang ,&nbsp;Guanghong Song ,&nbsp;Jingfeng Liu ,&nbsp;Mingqing Zhang ,&nbsp;Zixuan E ,&nbsp;Danqi Lu ,&nbsp;Haoran Lin ,&nbsp;Shuisheng Li ,&nbsp;Yong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743138","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743138","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Compared with autopolyploids, allopolyploids derived from interspecific hybridization followed by genome doubling demonstrate superior agronomic performance through synergistic heterosis and polyploidy advantages. In this study, a hybrid was generated from <em>Carassius auratus</em> var. Pengze (♀) × <em>Cyprinus carpio</em> var. Xingguo (♂). Integrated analyses, including DNA content quantification, karyotyping, and single-copy nuclear gene profiling, confirmed that this hybrid was allotetraploid. Head-kidney histopathology at 1, 3, and 5 days post-infection (dpi) with <em>C. auratus</em> herpesvirus (CaHV) revealed that the number of lymphocytes decreased and that granulocyte infiltration intensified as the infection progressed. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that <em>Ca</em>TRIM21 (tripartite motif-containing protein 21), <em>Cc</em>TRIM21, <em>Cc</em>PSCA (prostate stem cell antigen) and <em>Ca</em>polyubiquitin were significantly upregulated at 1, 3, and 5 dpi, whereas <em>Cc</em>CD209E (CD209 antigen-like protein E), <em>Ca</em>CYP4501A1 (cytochrome P450 1A1) and <em>Ca</em>CDH1 (cadherin-1) were significantly downregulated at 1, 3, and 5 dpi. Additionally, <em>Cc</em>cGAS (cyclic GMP-AMP synthase), <em>Cc</em>LAAO (L-amino-acid oxidase), <em>Ca</em>IL-11 (interleukin-11), <em>Ca</em>IFN (interferon), <em>Cc</em>IFN and <em>Ca</em>uPAR (urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor) were significantly upregulated at 1 and 3 dpi. We suggest that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of the <em>C. auratus</em> and <em>C. carpio</em> subgenomes cooperate to resist virus invasion and establish a TRIM21-IFN-mediated defense at the early stage of infection. Trend analysis of the DEGs revealed that the DEGs of the <em>C. auratus</em> subgenome were involved in immune homeostasis (ECM-receptor, PI3K-Akt, MAPK, and PPAR pathways), whereas the DEGs of the <em>C. carpio</em> subgenome were highly involved in viral clearance (NK-cell cytotoxicity, antigen presentation, and complement activation). This study reveals the distinct roles of each subgenome in viral resistance, offering new insights into allopolyploid evolution and defense mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"612 ","pages":"Article 743138"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144926487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of a dual-probe quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for rapid detection of spring viremia of carp virus","authors":"Ji-Yoon Park ,&nbsp;Ji Su Kim ,&nbsp;Hyoung Jun Kim ,&nbsp;Euna Choi ,&nbsp;Do-Hyung Kim ,&nbsp;Dongbin Yun ,&nbsp;Hisae Kasai ,&nbsp;Jun Nagata ,&nbsp;Tae Sung Jung ,&nbsp;Se Ryun Kwon","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743131","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743131","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate and sensitive disease diagnosis is crucial to prevent the global spread of spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV). In this study, we developed and validated a novel dual-probe quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) method, which detects two distinct SVCV genomic sequences. The analytical sensitivity of the developed method was 6.2 copies of the SVCV plasmid (LoD₉_5%). No cross-reactivity was observed with other viruses and fish cell lines. The diagnostic performance was further assessed using 550 koi carp (<em>Cyprinus carpio</em>) with a confirmed SVCV infection status. Compared to the conventional RT-PCR method, the dual-probe RT-PCR method diagnostic sensitivity (Dsn) and specificity (Dsp) of 100 % and 100 %, respectively. Additionally, when tested with 266 koi carp samples with an unconfirmed SVCV infection status, the novel method demonstrated a Dsn of 100 % and Dsp of 54.5 %, when compared to the of conventional RT-PCR method. No significant differences in inter- and intra-laboratory reproducibility were observed when performing PCR-based diagnosis using the novel method. Overall, the dual-probe RT-qPCR method targeting SVCV was found to be reliable tool for detecting the virus, suggesting its potential use in quarantine, surveillance, and monitoring programs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"612 ","pages":"Article 743131"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144997003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Humic substances and Eisenia bicyclis bioactive extract modulate water, biofilter, and seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) skin mucus bacterial communities","authors":"Davide A. Machado e Silva ,&nbsp;Antonio Louvado ,&nbsp;Rodrigo O.A. Ozorio ,&nbsp;Thais Cavalheri ,&nbsp;Daniel F.R. Cleary ,&nbsp;Newton C.M. Gomes","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In an experimental marine culture system, humic substances (HS), <em>Eisenia bicyclis</em> (EB) extract, and their combination (MIX) were used to modulate biofilter, water, and fish skin mucus bacteriomes. In addition to this, we assessed their impact on water quality and seabass (<em>Dicentrarchus labrax</em>) health. Our results revealed that the addition of EB significantly increased total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) levels. Nevertheless, there were no adverse effects of the natural organic substances tested on fish health. The bacteriome analyses showed that these substances induced significant shifts in structural diversity across various biotopes in the culture system. For example, HS selectively enriched bacterial taxa including Bacteroidota in water and skin mucus, and significantly enriched nitrifying bacteria belonging to Nitrosomonadaceae in biofilters. Conversely, EB adversely affected putative nitrifying bacteria but enriched potentially beneficial Rhodobacterales populations in skin mucus. The MIX treatment enhanced microbial evenness in fish skin mucus and enriched Verrucomicrobiales populations, particularly <em>Rubritalea</em> sp., a genus linked to fish health and bioactive compound production. Our findings further showed that all treatments modulated putative functions relevant to host health and pathogen antagonism within the culture system. This study highlights the potential of natural organic substances to drive system-wide shifts in microbial communities across biofilter, water, and fish skin biotopes, offering a promising strategy for targeted microbiome modulation in the aquaculture sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"612 ","pages":"Article 743123"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145019674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}