Aquaculture最新文献

{"title":"Identification of functional ncRNAs in the liver reveals a novel regulatory mechanism associated with the dynamic balance of growth and reproduction in Cynoglossus semilaevis","authors":"Kewen Yan ,&nbsp;Bao Shi ,&nbsp;Hanliang Cheng ,&nbsp;Yan Chen ,&nbsp;Daiqiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Yani Dong ,&nbsp;Jing Li ,&nbsp;Xinyu Zhao ,&nbsp;Meijun Tao","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742630","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742630","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play crucial roles in the growth and reproduction of fish. However, the involvement of ncRNAs in the growth and reproductive balance of Chinese tongue sole (<em>Cynoglossus semilaevis</em>) from the late vitellogenesis stage to postovulation stage remains unexplored. Thus, to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms underlying the growth and reproductive balance regulated by ncRNAs, we performed whole transcriptome RNA sequencing of liver tissue at three ovarian stages, resulting in a total of nine libraries. In stages IV vs. V, 48 differentially expressed (DE) long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), 119 DE circular RNAs (circRNAs), 249 DE miRNAs, and 1797 DE mRNAs were identified. In stages IV vs. VI, we identified 209 DE lncRNAs, 417 DE circRNAs, 360 DE miRNAs, and 6760 DE mRNAs. In stages V vs. VI, we identified 133 DE lncRNAs, 376 DE circRNAs, 272 DE miRNAs, and 5129 DE mRNAs. Enrichment analysis revealed a significant enrichment of 116 DE mRNAs related to growth or reproduction in various pathways, including those related to arginine biosynthesis, steroid biosynthesis, steroid hormone biosynthesis, arginine and proline metabolism, and the insulin signalling pathway. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was further conducted to identify potential pathways related to growth-reproduction balance including the arginine biosynthesis pathway and steroid biosynthesis pathway. By utilizing <em>antisense</em>-, <em>cis</em>-, and <em>trans</em>-regulatory mechanisms, we have predicted that lncRNAs play regulatory roles in growth and reproduction-related genes, including <em>odc1-a</em>, <em>hsd11b2</em>, <em>fdft1</em>, <em>mapk8</em>, <em>irs2</em>, <em>sms</em>, <em>cyp24a1</em>, <em>crkl</em>, <em>flot2a</em>, <em>inppi1a</em>, <em>prkab1</em>, <em>prkaca</em>, <em>prkar2a</em>, <em>gls</em>, <em>pik3cg</em>, <em>glul</em>, <em>cyp1a1</em>, and <em>soat2</em>. By leveraging the network mechanism of competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs), our study successfully predicted the intricate interactions among DE lncRNAs, DE circRNAs, DE miRNAs, and DE mRNAs including <em>acacb</em>, <em>amd1</em>, <em>cyp27b1</em>, <em>faxdc2</em>, <em>glul</em>, <em>pik3cg</em>, <em>prkab1</em>, and <em>rps6kb2</em>. A dual-fluorescence in situ hybridization assay revealed the colocalization of XR_522197.2 and <em>glul</em> in the liver parenchyma and around the central vein. The dual-luciferase reporter assay was employed to further demonstrate the regulatory relationships within the axis composed of TCON_00029307, novel_circ_008472, novel-m0618-5p, and <em>cyp27b1</em>. The comprehensive findings of this study outline the expression patterns of lncRNAs, circRNAs, and miRNAs in the liver of female <em>C. semilaevis</em>, providing a novel perspective that these three types of ncRNAs play critical roles in regulating the dynamic balance between growth and reproduction in this species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"606 ","pages":"Article 742630"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143877297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A death domain-containing NLR receptor promotes lytic cell death by interacting with DD-caspase in Vibrio splendidus-challenged Apostichopus japonicus","authors":"Yuxin Liu ,&nbsp;Kaiyu Chen ,&nbsp;Chenghua Li","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742625","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742625","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The NLR family serves as pattern recognition receptors that activate the innate immune response by sensing pathogenic factors. These receptors mediate pyroptosis and promote the release of inflammatory factors, thereby effectively defending against pathogen invasion. Invertebrates possess NLRs exhibiting diverse domain architectures, where distinct structural combinations contribute to functional diversification. However, the mechanistic basis of these evolutionary innovations remains poorly characterized. In this study, we cloned and identified a novel NLR from the <em>Apostichopus japonicus</em>, designated as AjDD-NLR, which is characterized by the combination of a death domain (DD) at its N-terminus, a nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (NACHT) in the middle, and a small number of leucine-rich repeat (LRR) motifs at its C-terminus, and this receptor lacked the recruitment domain (CARD) or pyrin domain (PYD) that are typical of common cytoplasmic NLR-NT. The AjDD-NLR expression was siginificantly induced in <em>Apostichopus japonicus</em> following <em>Vibrio splendidus</em> infection and in LPS-stimulated coelomocytes. PAMP binding assays revealed that AjDD-NLR recognizes diverse PAMPs via its C-terminal LRR domain.Mechanistically, a novel caspase (named AjDD-caspase), which also contains a DD domain, was found to be recruited by AjDD-NLR. Moreover, it was found that the lytic cell death promoted by overexpression of AjDD-NLR could be blocked by interfering with AjDD-caspase, which clearly demonstrated that AjDD-NLR regulates lytic cell death through the AjDD-caspase pathway. In conclusion, these results supported that AjDD-NLR regulates lytic cell death by recruiting AjDD-caspase.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"606 ","pages":"Article 742625"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of a novel birnavirus strain in diseased Siniperca chuatsi and transcriptome profiling of virus-infected MFSB cells","authors":"Hongye Cui ,&nbsp;Haiyue Chen ,&nbsp;Yuhui Wang ,&nbsp;Yaoda Wang ,&nbsp;Tianmei Hu ,&nbsp;Liwen Xu ,&nbsp;Baozhou Wu ,&nbsp;Shuguang Hao ,&nbsp;Xiong Hu ,&nbsp;Jiping Zhang ,&nbsp;Yu Liu ,&nbsp;Weiwei Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742618","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742618","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In August 2023, an outbreak of disease occurred in a pond containing <em>Siniperca chuatsi</em> fingerlings at a farm in Foshan, Guangdong province, resulting in a mortality rate exceeding 90 %. In this study, a novel birnavirus strain was isolated and identified from the diseased <em>Siniperca chuatsi</em> using cell culture, electron microscopy (EM), immunofluorescence assay (IFA), whole genome sequencing, and genetic evolutionary analysis. The virus was provisionally named <em>Siniperca chuatsi</em> Birnavirus FS202308 (SCBV-FS202308). Additionally, we analyzed the transcriptomic expression of SCBV-202308-infected mandarin fish spinal bulb (MFSB) cells. Results showed the MFSB cells inoculated with tissue homogenate exhibited typical cytopathic effects (CPE) post-infection. EM revealed a large number of icosahedral virion particles with a diameter approximately 60 nm were observed in the cells. Whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analyses confirmed that the virus is a member of the family <em>Birnavirus</em>, specifically classified within the genus <em>Blosnavirus</em>. IFA utilizing antibodies against VP2 of SCBV and against IPNV revealed strong green fluorescent signals in the infected cells. Additionally, the challenge test demonstrated that all virus-inoculated <em>S. chuatsi</em> were successfully reinfected with SCBV-FS202308, resulting in a final mortality rate of approximately 20 %. Moreover, transcriptome analysis identified 2882 up-regulated and 3101 down-regulated genes in SCBV-FS202308-infected cells compared to the uninfected MFSB cells. Additionally, 522 genes were differentially enriched in pathways associated with immune signaling, such as the MAPK signaling, PI3K-Akt signaling, and Rap1 signaling pathways. This suggests that the virus elicits a robust immune response upon infecting host cells. This study represents the first report on the isolation, identification, and characterization of birnavirus from <em>Siniperca chuatsi.</em></div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"606 ","pages":"Article 742618"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacokinetic study of Vibrio parahaemolyticus phage Фvp140 in Litopenaeus vannamei following oral administration","authors":"Di Fang ,&nbsp;Laizhuang Jin ,&nbsp;Qianhui Song ,&nbsp;Xiong Zou ,&nbsp;Lei Feng ,&nbsp;Letian Li ,&nbsp;Hui Zhang ,&nbsp;Kun Hu ,&nbsp;Mao Lin ,&nbsp;Wenhong Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742619","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742619","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bacteriophages (phages) are natural predators of bacteria, and have been shown to be potential alternatives to antibiotics in the prevention and treatment of bacterial infections of shrimp. In order to understand whether phages can effectively reach the site of infection, the pharmacokinetics of <em>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</em> phage Фvp140 in <em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em> was investigated following oral administration by gavage and via medicated feed. Whether administered by gavage or via medicated feed, phage Фvp140 could be rapidly distributed to various tissues of shrimp. The phage titer was the highest in the intestine, followed by the hepatopancreas, whose phage titer was about 10 % of that in the intestine, and only a small amount of phages could enter the circulatory system. A simple exponential decay model could effectively describe the elimination of phages in each tissue, and the higher the dose, the faster the elimination rate. The elimination rate of the phage in the hepatopancreas was the fastest, while the elimination rate of the phage in the intestine was similar to (by oral gavage) or faster than (via medicated feed) that in hemolymph. After oral gavage at three doses, the phage titers in shrimp tissues showed a dose-dependent relationship. This study found that after oral administration of phages, a large number of phages could directly into the hepatopancreas. Although the phage eliminated quickly，the continuous oral administration of phages in shrimp via medicated feed enabled the maintenance of a high level of phage titers in the hepatopancreas. This study provided pharmacokinetic evidence for the application of phage in shrimp farming and laid the foundation for further optimization of bacteriophage therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"606 ","pages":"Article 742619"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutrient digestibility and faecal characteristics in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss reared at different salinities and fed diets with varying protein to energy ratios","authors":"Satya Prakash ,&nbsp;Roel M. Maas ,&nbsp;Ahmad Yani ,&nbsp;Fotini Kokou ,&nbsp;Øystein Sæle ,&nbsp;Antony J. Prabhu Philip ,&nbsp;Johan W. Schrama","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742621","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742621","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Knowledge on quantity and characteristics of faecal waste produced by cultured fish species is important to develop appropriate waste management strategy in aquaculture. The current study aimed to evaluate the impact of dietary protein-to-energy ratio (P:E) on faecal waste production and faecal characteristics of rainbow trout (<em>Oncorhynchus mykiss</em>), reared at different water salinity. Two diets (HPE diet- high protein to energy ratio diet; LPE diet- low protein to energy ratio diet) varying in protein-to-energy ratio (P:E) were produced while keeping the fat-to-starch ratio constant. Each diet was allocated to 6 replicate tanks and feeding was done restrictively. Experiment was divided into two phases: in the first phase, fish were reared at 1.5 ppt salinity for 4 weeks, followed by a second phase where salinity increased weekly to 6, 12, 18 and 24 and 30 ppt. Nutrient digestibility, faecal waste production, faecal characteristics were measured at 1.5 ppt, 12 ppt, 24 ppt and 30 ppt, respectively. Both salinity and diet influenced the digestibility of macronutrients, including crude protein, crude fat, and starch. No interaction effect between diet and salinity was observed for crude protein and crude fat digestibility. Both crude protein and starch digestibility were higher at HPE diet than at LPE diet, whereas for fat digestibility, the case was opposite. The amount of faecal waste produced and their removal efficiency was influenced by the interaction effect between diet and salinity. The amount of faecal waste produced was higher at the LPE diet than at the HPE diet. At both diets, the amount of waste produced increased with salinity, but more so with the LPE diet. Visual observation and analysis of particle size distribution (PSD) data showed greater presence of faecal fines at LPE diet, while the impact of salinity on faecal PSD was less distinct. The amount of non-removed faeces was more than double at LPE diet compared to HPE diet, with no clear trend observed with increasing salinity. In conclusion, the amount of faecal waste produced and removal efficiency are influenced by diet and water salinity, but also by their interaction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"606 ","pages":"Article 742621"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143877296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring community energy cum Aquavoltaics in Taiwan","authors":"Sin Yee Tan ,&nbsp;Kenneth Bicol Dy ,&nbsp;Ching-Cheng Chang ,&nbsp;Shih-Hsun Hsu","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742602","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742602","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aquavoltaics, the fusion of aquaculture and solar electricity production, has been deemed as a key strategy for achieving energy transition by the government in Taiwan. Southern Taiwan, which serves as the region's primary agricultural and aquaculture production base, simultaneously has a significant potential for ground-mounted and rooftop solar photovoltaics. Given the urgency being accorded to energy transition across the globe, the feasibility of different solutions that can contribute towards renewable energy development must be investigated.</div><div>This study has conducted a cost-benefit analysis of different forms of aquavoltaics in Taiwan after accounting for government policies to incentivize independent renewable energy producers such as feed-in-tariff, subsidies, and renewable energy certificates, which complements past feasibility studies. In addition, we explore the possibility of combining a social innovation—community energy—with aquavoltaics. The results reveal that, in general, roof-mounted aquavoltaics are more profitable than ground-mounted or floating photovoltaic installations because of greater allowable installation capacity. In terms of operational model, a cooperative-type of community energy outperforms the landowner-run and company-run aquavoltaics. The results are largely driven by the availability of subsidies for cooperative-type community energies. Hence, this study recommends “community energy” as a feasible setup for aquavoltaics. However, the law must be amended to allow an aquavoltaics facility to sell electricity to the community without having to change into an electricity firm.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"606 ","pages":"Article 742602"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses reveal preliminary molecular mechanisms of gills response to salinity stress in Micropterus salmoides","authors":"Yichun Zhang,&nbsp;Haoran Yu,&nbsp;Huapeng Chen,&nbsp;Xinxin Wang,&nbsp;Yafang Tan,&nbsp;Junlong Sun,&nbsp;Jian Luo,&nbsp;Feibiao Song","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742600","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742600","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Salinity is a key aquatic environmental factor that affects the physiological functions of freshwater fishes through osmotic regulation. <em>Micropterus salmoides</em>, A euryhaline fish, shows potential for saline aquaculture; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying gill acclimation to long-term salinity stress remain poorly understood. This study investigated <em>M. salmoides</em> gills in salinity 0 ‰ (control), 5 ‰, 10 ‰ exposed for 24 and 48 days using histological, physiological, transcriptomic, and metabolomic approaches. Histological examination revealed that salinity stress induced curvature and deformation of gill lamellae, thinning of gill filaments at 5 ‰ salinity, while lamellar tips exhibited enlargement at 10 ‰ salinity. Furthermore, NKA activity was significantly lower in the salinity-exposed groups than in the control group at both 24 and 48 days. Antioxidant activities (T-SOD, CAT, GSH-Px and T-AOC) initially increased but subsequently decreased under salinity stress. Salinity-induced oxidative stress in the gill tissues disrupted cellular membrane lipid homeostasis, ultimately triggering apoptosis. Arachidonic acid metabolism was identified as a key pathway mediating oxidative stress responses. Integrated multi-omics analyses demonstrated that the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a pivotal role in long-term salinity adaptation, with cortisol, aldosterone, and prostacyclin synthase (PGIS) contributing to osmotic regulation. Activation of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism supplied essential energy for salinity stress adaptation. In conclusion, this study provides novel insights into salinity tolerance mechanisms in euryhaline fishes and offers valuable information for developing <em>M. salmoides</em> saline aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"606 ","pages":"Article 742600"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blue light-enhanced Desmodesmus sp. biomass yield in requirement opposite for high yields of macronutrient starvation-based lipid or nutritional excess-based pigment using red light","authors":"Aparecido Nivaldo Módenes ,&nbsp;Daniela Estelita Goes Trigueros ,&nbsp;Tainá Michelle da Cruz ,&nbsp;Fernando Rodolfo Espinoza-Quiñones ,&nbsp;Taysa de Souza Braniz ,&nbsp;Vanessa Daneluz Gonçalves ,&nbsp;Adilson Ricken Schuelter","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742608","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742608","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present work has aimed to optimize the amounts of lipids, carotenoids, and chlorophylls yielded by microalga Desmodesmus sp. in photobioreactors, performing suitable changes in nutritional and colored light source conditions. The enhancement of byproduct yields was also addressed, based on white and colored lights. 16-day algal growth kinetic tests were performed, testing white, blue, red, and green lights. Based on the Response Surface Methodology (RSM), a 3²-factorial design was applied, combining suitable changes in concentration factors of both primary nutrients K₂HPO₄ and NaNO₃. A significant improvement in the production of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and lipids in a red-light-based illuminance was observed. Finally, increasing the amounts of K₂HPO₄ and NaNO₃ in a red light environment allowed the attainment of the highest yields of carotenoids and chlorophylls, in contrast with a high yield of lipids due to applying nutritional stress with an amount decrease of K₂HPO₄ and NaNO₃.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"606 ","pages":"Article 742608"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute alkalinity stress triggers kidney histopathology, oxidative-immune dysregulation, and MAPK/TGF-β signaling pathways activation in Scatophagus argus","authors":"Lingwei Kong ,&nbsp;Adili Abudu ,&nbsp;Lei Yang ,&nbsp;Minghui Ye ,&nbsp;Yulei Zhang ,&nbsp;Yucong Hong ,&nbsp;Huapu Chen ,&nbsp;Guangli Li ,&nbsp;Gang Shi ,&nbsp;Changxu Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742601","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742601","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Saline-alkaline water aquaculture offers a promising approach to address water scarcity and increase aquatic product yields. This study investigates the effects of acute alkalinity stress on spotted scat (<em>Scatophagus argus</em>), a species known for its adaptability to various salinity conditions. We exposed <em>S. argus</em> to alkalinity stress for different durations (0, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h) under two experimental conditions: a control group (C) with 30 ‰ salinity and 0 mmol/L alkalinity, and a treatment group (T) with 30 ‰ salinity and 30 mmol/L alkalinity. Following stress exposure, we conducted histological, biochemical, and transcriptomic analyses to assess the impact on kidney tissue. Histological results showed significant kidney damage resulting from acute alkalinity stress, characterized by enlarged nuclei, vacuolization, and necrosis of renal tubules and glomeruli. Biochemical assays revealed altered enzyme activities: levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) decreased, with SOD exhibiting a slight rebound at 72 h before declining again, indicating a disrupted redox homeostasis. In contrast, the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), malondialdehyde (MDA), acid phosphatase (ACP), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) increased over time, reflecting oxidative stress and disruptions in metabolic and immune functions. Transcriptomic analysis identified 247 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with 109 up-regulated and 138 down-regulated. These DEGs were significantly enriched in pathways related to immune response, cell adhesion, and protein folding, with the MAPK and TGF-β signaling pathways playing crucial roles in the stress response. These results suggest that acute alkalinity stress induces kidney damage, disrupts immune and oxidative homeostasis, and alters gene expression in <em>S. argus</em>, providing a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying stress responses in saline-alkaline conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"606 ","pages":"Article 742601"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigating effect of dietary tryptophan on intra-cohort cannibalism in tiger puffer (Takifugu rubripes) with clipped or intact teeth","authors":"Yuliang Wei ,&nbsp;Zhibin Zhou ,&nbsp;Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Zhijun Zhang ,&nbsp;Yanlu Li ,&nbsp;Qiang Ma ,&nbsp;Mengqing Liang ,&nbsp;Houguo Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742598","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742598","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;This study was to investigate the effect of dietary tryptophan supplementation on the growth, survival, cannibalism and 5-HT metabolism in tiger puffer (&lt;em&gt;Takifugu rubripes&lt;/em&gt;) with clipped or intact teeth. The X diet contained 5.45 g/kg tryptophan based on tryptophan requirement of tiger puffer reported in our previous study. The other three diets were supplemented with tryptophan at levels of two- (2×), four- (4×) and eight (8×) times the tryptophan concentration of the X diet. All four experimental diets were randomly used in fish with clipped teeth (the X, 2×, 4× and 8× groups), meanwhile the X and 8× diets were used in fish with intact teeth (the T-X and T-8× groups). Tiger puffer (14.16 ± 0.04 g mean weight) were reared in 18 tanks, with 45 fish per tank, for 50 days. Compared with fish fed the X diet, eight-fold tryptophan requirement significantly decreased the growth of fish with clipped teeth, but had no significant effect on the growth of fish with intact teeth. Treating fish with clipped teeth resulted in significantly higher survival rates regardless of dietary tryptophan level, meanwhile dietary tryptophan supplementation (the T-8× group) could significantly improve survival rate when intact teeth were left. Although bite marks on fish body skin still observed after taking the measures of teeth clipping or dietary supplemental tryptophan, the number of bite marks was reduced by using both measures. The results of caudal fin bite showed that, graded II and III of caudal fin bite were observed in all fish with intact teeth. However, graded I and II of caudal fin bite were predominantly found in fish with clipped teeth, and that the percentage of graded I were significantly increasing while the percentage of graded II were significantly decreasing with the increase of dietary tryptophan level. A higher level of dietary tryptophan significantly decreased the concentration of brain 5-HIAA and the ratio of 5-HIAA/5-HT in the case of fish with intact teeth. The expression of &lt;em&gt;tph2&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ddc&lt;/em&gt; involved in 5-HT synthesis in the brain of fish with clipped teeth was significantly up-regulated with the increase of tryptophan level in the diets, while the expression of &lt;em&gt;sert&lt;/em&gt;, which controls the reuptake of 5-HT in the synaptic cleft, increased first and then decreased. In addition, the results of gene expression of 5-HT receptors in the brain exhibited that supplementation of dietary tryptophan resulted in a trend of down-regulation of &lt;em&gt;htr1b&lt;/em&gt; expression, whereas leaving fish teeth intact resulted in a significant up-regulation of &lt;em&gt;htr1a&lt;/em&gt; expression. In conclusion, although tryptophan enriched diets had a weaker effect on reduced cannibalism than teeth clipping for tiger puffer, it was still effective in mitigating intra-cohort cannibalism based on survival rates, bite marks and caudal fin bites. The reason was that supplementation of dietary tryptophan modulated 5-HT synthesis, its availability o","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"606 ","pages":"Article 742598"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143868010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}