Aquaculture最新文献

{"title":"Whole-genome resequencing and transcriptomes analysis of hermaphroditism mechanisms in silver pomfret (Pampus argenteus): The role of feeding and lipid metabolism","authors":"Yaya Li ,&nbsp;Jiabao Hu ,&nbsp;Chongyang Wang ,&nbsp;Shipan Zhao ,&nbsp;Man Zhang ,&nbsp;Youyi Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuanbo Li ,&nbsp;Qingqing Dai ,&nbsp;Mengke Tang ,&nbsp;Chunlai Qin ,&nbsp;Zukang Feng ,&nbsp;Shanliang Xu ,&nbsp;Shanshan Zhu ,&nbsp;Yajun Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaojun Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742947","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742947","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Our previous research revealed that silver pomfret (<em>Pampus argenteus</em>) undergoes early oocyte apoptosis during testicular differentiation, accompanied by juvenile hermaphroditism. However, the underlying causes and molecular mechanisms of these processes are not fully understood. In this study, we integrated whole-genome resequencing and genome-wide association study from both sexes, revealing the absence of distinct sex chromosomes or sex-specific molecular markers in silver pomfret. Lipid metabolism analysis showed that stage I males exhibited significantly lower lipid metabolism levels than stage I females and stage II males, with a notable metabolic recovery observed in stage II males. These findings suggest that fish with reduced lipid levels are more likely to differentiate into males. Furthermore, controlled dietary intake experiments resulted in a male-biased sex ratio, indicating that nutrition can affect gonadal differentiation through its effects on lipid metabolism. Some fish exhibited prolonged hermaphroditism after sexual differentiation. Transcriptomic analysis of the hypothalamus and gonads suggested that metabolic abnormalities may contribute to this phenomenon. Comparative lipid metabolism analysis among females, males, and hermaphrodites revealed that hermaphroditic fish had significantly higher lipid metabolism than male fish, highlighting metabolic imbalance as a key factor contributing to hermaphroditism. Additionally, total cholesterol, gonadotropin-releasing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, testosterone, and 11-ketotestosterone were differentially expressed across phenotypes, with genes associated with both testicular and ovarian differentiation being highly expressed in the gonads of hermaphrodites. These results indicate that lipid metabolism affects cholesterol levels, which subsequently affect sex hormone concentrations and the expression of sex differentiation genes, potentially explaining the persistence of hermaphroditism. In summary, this study revealed that nutritional conditions regulate lipid metabolism, thereby affecting the direction of gonadal differentiation in silver pomfret. These findings imply that environmental sex determination in fish could be managed by modulating lipid metabolism, offering a new strategy for controlling the sex ratios in aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"609 ","pages":"Article 742947"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144614672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of electrochemically treated seawater for cultivation of early life stage of golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus)","authors":"Yang Yang ,&nbsp;Qiongyu Chen ,&nbsp;Mengmeng Chen ,&nbsp;Zhennian Chen ,&nbsp;Zhijia Luo ,&nbsp;Cun Wei ,&nbsp;Zining Meng","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742946","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742946","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrochemical technology was considered as eco-friendly and low operating cost for water treatment. In the research, the effect of electrolysis on seawater quality parameters, ability of disinfection and effect of turbidity were analyzed. Subsequently, effects of electrochemically treated seawater on early life stage of golden pompano golden were analyzed to obtain safety evaluation. As a result, with the increase of electric current, the pH and available chlorine gradually increased, oxidation reduction potential (ORP) firstly decreased and then increased, dissolved oxygen gradually decreased. After aeration for 24 h, the ORP returned to normal level. Electrolytic treatment accelerated the clarification of seawater significantly. Based on the result incubation in TCBS and CBA agar plate, bacteria in electrochemically treated seawater were significantly decrease, sterilizing rate of the negative-gram bacteria reached to 100 % under a operating current of 40 A. Hatchability, survival rate of yolk-sac larvae, larvae at first feeding stage and juvenile fish were decrease in electrochemically treated seawater, there were highest mortality in stage of larvae at first feeding and lowest mortality in juvenile fish bred in treated seawater. Growth traits of treated group were higher than these of control group, among of these growth traits, differences of body depth and fatness reached to significant. Reduced glutathione of fish in normal seawater was significantly lower than that of fish in electrolysis treated seawater. Oxidized glutathione was opposite. In general, electrochemically technology possesses positive effects on seawater parameters and disinfection. However, the electrolysis of seawater might result in negative effect on fish in early development stage. This research provided the insight of application of electrochemically treated seawater on aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"609 ","pages":"Article 742946"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144604572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative multiplex diagnostic strategies for Vibrio harveyi and Vibrio campbellii: a comparative study of droplet digital PCR, real-time PCR, and point-of-care PCR","authors":"Eiseul Kim ,&nbsp;Dabin Kim ,&nbsp;Min-Ki Shin ,&nbsp;Seung-Min Yang ,&nbsp;Jaewook Kim ,&nbsp;Young-Bin Yeo ,&nbsp;Hae-Yeong Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742934","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742934","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rapid and accurate detection of <em>Vibrio campbellii</em> and <em>Vibrio harveyi</em>, two major pathogens responsible for disease outbreaks in aquaculture systems, is critical for mitigating economic and ecological losses. However, existing diagnostic methods often fail to differentiate between these closely related species, increasing the risk of misdiagnosis and ineffective control. In this study, novel species-specific pathogenic markers were identified through bioinformatics analysis, enabling the development of multiplex PCR-based diagnostic assays, including real-time PCR (qPCR), point-of-care PCR (POC PCR), and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). All three PCR methods demonstrated high species specificity. ddPCR achieved the highest sensitivity with 95 % LODs below 3 CFU/ml, while qPCR and POC PCR detected down to 15–20 CFU/ml. In spiked samples, ddPCR detected 10⁰ CFU/ml, outperforming qPCR and POC PCR, which reliably detected 10¹ CFU/ml. Comparative performance analysis highlighted POC PCR as the most suitable for on-site aquaculture diagnostics due to its speed (20 min) and low cost ($0.73/sample), while ddPCR proved effective for detecting low pathogen loads. These diagnostic tools provide a rapid and robust means for species-level identification of <em>Vibrio</em> infections in aquaculture, supporting timely management and disease control strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"609 ","pages":"Article 742934"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144604607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of biotechnology approaches – Polyploidization and hybridization – For improvement of pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) larviculture and juvenile on-grow with special regard to morphological traits and gonadal development","authors":"Jelena Stanivuk ,&nbsp;Zoran Marinović ,&nbsp;Nevena Kitanović ,&nbsp;Attila Mozsár ,&nbsp;Jenő Káldy ,&nbsp;Eszter Várkonyi ,&nbsp;Marianna Molnár ,&nbsp;Tamás Müller ,&nbsp;Georgina Fazekas ,&nbsp;Balázs Kovács ,&nbsp;Katalin Bogár ,&nbsp;Zoltán Nagy ,&nbsp;Dorottya Fazekas ,&nbsp;Ákos Horváth ,&nbsp;Uroš Ljubobratović","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742938","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742938","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biotechnological interventions, like hybridization and polyploidization, may change aquaculture production over time, with proven benefits, improving growth, survival, feed efficiency, and reducing intracohort cannibalism. While such traits have been studied in other aquaculture studies, pikeperch (<em>Sander lucioperca</em>) remains underrepresented despite its increasing commercial value. Basic morphological and reproductive traits of diploid and triploid pikeperch, as well as their diploid and triploid hybrids with the Volga pikeperch (<em>S. volgensis</em>), were investigated under controlled conditions for up to 350 days post-hatch (DPH). This study evaluated four experimental groups: diploid pikeperch (PD), triploid pikeperch-autotriploid (PT), diploid hybrid (<em>S. lucioperca</em> ♀ × <em>S. volgensis</em>) (HD), and their triploid-allotriploid (HT). Triploidization was induced via hydrostatic pressure. Larval ploidy and hybrid status were verified. Subsequent larviculture and juvenile growth trials spanned from 6 to 47 and 89–145 days post-hatch, respectively. Hybrid larvae in both ploidy levels exhibited superior swim bladder inflation compared to diploids, but lagged in growth. Triploidization did not enhance growth performance but decreased fish viability. However, allotriploids have proven to be more vigorous than autotriploids. Gonadal analyses indicated that PD and HD developed fully functional gonads. PT histological samples showed many germ cells that did not enter meiosis, with sporadic oocytes and spermatocytes. HT displayed two gonadal phenotypes: pro-male, resembling juvenile diploid testes, and pro-female, characterized by intersex traits, likely rendering them infertile. These findings provide valuable insights into the phenotypic effects of triploidization and hybridization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"610 ","pages":"Article 742938"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144596901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotic Bacillus tequilensis protected Micropterus salmoides against Aeromonas veronii infection by modulating digestion, immunity, and intestinal microbiota and metabolites","authors":"Jianqiang Huang ,&nbsp;Jingran Sun ,&nbsp;Ling Pan ,&nbsp;Fuping Song ,&nbsp;Huiqin Huang ,&nbsp;Kunlian Mo ,&nbsp;Yan Wang ,&nbsp;Yonghua Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Micropterus salmoides</em>, a freshwater fish of significant economic value, faces substantial challenges due to frequent infection by <em>Aeromonas veronii</em> and excessive antibiotic use. <em>Bacillus tequilensis</em> emerges as a promising antibiotic alternative, enhancing fish immunity and gut health. However, its specific effects on <em>M. salmoides</em> have not been fully clarified. This study examined the impact of different concentrations of <em>B. tequilensis</em> Bt-CO (0, 6.0 × 10⁹, 6.0 × 10¹⁰, and 6.0 × 10¹¹ CFU/kg) on juvenile <em>M. salmoides</em>, focusing on growth, survival, body indexes, immune and antioxidant responses, digestive enzymes, disease resistance, intestinal microbiota, and metabolism. Following an 8-week feeding trial, Bt-CO had no significant impact on the growth performance, hepatosomatic index, and condition factor of <em>M. salmoides</em>. However, at a concentration of 6.0 × 10¹¹ CFU/kg, it significantly enhanced immune indicators, glutathione peroxidase activity, digestive enzyme activities, and post-<em>A. veronii</em> infection survival rates <em>of M. salmoides</em>. Gut microbiota analysis revealed that Bt-CO enhanced beneficial bacteria while reducing harmful ones. Metabolomic analyses indicated that Bt-CO modulated intestinal metabolite levels, including SM(d16:1/24:1(15Z)), <span>d</span>-Threitol, and PC(18:1(9Z)/P-16:0), involving 25 metabolic pathways like <span>d</span>-Glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism. Correlation analysis highlighted significant links between specific gut bacteria and differential metabolites. Overall, this study suggests that incorporating Bt-CO at a concentration of 6.0 × 10¹¹ CFU/kg in the diet of juvenile <em>M. salmoides</em> could: (i) improve intestinal health by modulating microbial composition and metabolite profile in the intestine; and (ii) enhance fish digestive capacity, immunity, and disease resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"610 ","pages":"Article 742943"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144605912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Achievement of prosperous nitrification cycle fosters diversity in freshwater microbiome within recirculating aquaculture systems after adjustment period","authors":"Jiho Yang ,&nbsp;Junhyuk Seo ,&nbsp;Jimin Choi ,&nbsp;Yehyeon Cha ,&nbsp;Yunhyeok Jang ,&nbsp;Ju-Ae Hwang ,&nbsp;Seung-Yoon Oh","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742941","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742941","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS), a significant challenge involves managing the biological cycling of nitrogenous waste. As a result, there is worldwide focus on the diversity of biological groups involved in nitrogen cycling and their impacts. However, there is still a lack of information concerning the microbial diversity, particularly in relation to biological nitrogen cycling. We hypothesized that biological nitrification in RAS becomes fully established only after a distinct microbial adjustment period following microbial inoculant (MI) treatment, and that this phase features distinct shifts in microbiome composition and nitrogen compound dynamics. To test this, we monitored water chemistry and microbial community structure over an 8-week pre-treatment maturation phase in freshwater RAS for Japanese eel (<em>Anguilla japonica</em>) cultivation. Using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and qPCR targeting ammonia- and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, we found that nitrifier abundance increased sharply from week 3 post-treatment. Random forest analysis and structural equation modeling revealed that nitrate levels—serving as a proxy for complete nitrification—had the strongest direct influence on microbiome diversity. Diversity indices and beta-dispersion analyses confirmed that microbial communities during the adjustment period (weeks 0–3) were significantly different from those in the stabilization phase (weeks 4–8). These findings demonstrate the existence of a critical, temporally defined adjustment phase in RAS maturation, during which microbiome structure and nitrification processes co-develop. Our study provides mechanistic insights into microbiome assembly in RAS and highlights the importance of temporal monitoring in optimizing MI-based water treatment strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"610 ","pages":"Article 742941"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144588174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sideways exit during crowding utilises natural salmon behaviour for easier transfer","authors":"F. Warren-Myers ,&nbsp;O. Folkedal ,&nbsp;V. Nola ,&nbsp;F. Oppedal","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742939","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742939","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Efficient crowding of fish in sea cages for the purpose of transferring them to fasting, treatments or slaughter, is critical for insuring fish are moved quickly with minimal stress. With the development of larger offshore cages holding millions of fish and/or submerged cage salmon aquaculture, extraction of fish will potentially be more difficult. Particularly if farmers seek to remove portions of the biomass at a time without lifting cages to the surface. Using salmon innate swimming behaviours may aid to develop innovative, simple, welfare-friendly removal methods. Here we investigate whether the direction of crowding in a submerged cage influences the exit behaviour of salmon when extracted at depth for the purpose of pumping to a well-boat or otherwise. Using replicates of 46 large (∼4.3 kg) or 128 small (∼1.3 kg) Atlantic salmon and a prototype submerged cube cage (27 m³) fitted with a movable wall, we test to see if crowding salmon towards a 50 cm diameter circular opening in either the top, side, or bottom of the cage influences fish exit rate. Our results show that when crowding fish by incrementally reducing the cage volume by a factor of 12 over 25 mins, for both fish sizes ∼80 % of fish exited the cage via sideways crowding, whereas only 20 to 50 % exited by top up or bottom down crowding directions. Furthermore, maximum relative fish densities reached during crowding tests were almost halved for sidewards crowding (37–43 kg m⁻³) compared to downwards or upwards crowding directions (59–73 kg m⁻³). We conclude that fish visualization of the exit hole and their natural circular swimming behaviour favoured sideways extraction. Hence, with a sea cage design that enables sideways crowding, it may be possible to extract fish quickly with minimal stress, and without needing to raise cages to the surface.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"610 ","pages":"Article 742939"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144596900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the biofilm armor: How ROS drives biofilm formation in aquatic pathogen Edwardsiella piscicida","authors":"Qingjian Fang ,&nbsp;Yin Gou ,&nbsp;Hanjie Gu ,&nbsp;Qingjuan Wu ,&nbsp;Jiaojiao He ,&nbsp;Chenghua Li ,&nbsp;Bin Sun ,&nbsp;Yonghua Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742935","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742935","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the environment and within host cells present a serious threat to the survival and infectivity of pathogenic bacteria. Bacterial biofilm is recognized as a crucial resistance strategy against ROS. However, the mechanisms by which pathogenic bacteria respond to ROS to facilitate biofilm formation, particularly in aquatic pathogens, remain poorly understood. In our prior study, we generated a mutant (designated as Δ<em>trxAC</em>) with elevated ROS levels by knocking out <em>trxA</em> and <em>trxC</em> of the thioredoxin system (Trx) in <em>Edwardsiella piscicida</em>, a ubiquitous pathogen causing serious economic losses in aquaculture. In this study, we observed that, compared to the wild type (WT), the biofilm growth and expression of cellulose biosynthesis genes in Δ<em>trxAC</em> were significantly enhanced, while complementation strain of Δ<em>trxAC</em> by expressing <em>grx1</em> exhibited restored redox homeostasis and biofilm formation, indicating that elevated ROS promotes <em>E. piscicida</em>'s capability of biofilm formation. We also observed a substantial increase in the levels of c-di-GMP, a vital signaling molecule involved in cellulose production and biofilm formation, in Δ<em>trxAC</em>. The expression of phosphodiesterase YhjH, which degrades c-di-GMP, was decreased in Δ<em>trxAC</em> and negatively correlated with biofilm formation. Consistently, Δ<em>trxAC</em> exhibited a reduction in the expression of the regulatory factor FliA, which positively regulates the expression of <em>yhjH</em>. Regarding pathogenicity, the Trx mutation diminished the proliferation of <em>E. piscicida</em> in host cells and tissues, but it enhanced bacterial hemolytic activity, a virulence trait closely associated with biofilm formation, suggesting that the impact of ROS on bacterial virulence is multifaceted and intricate. In summary, this study elucidates for the first time the pathway through which <em>E. piscicida</em> responds to ROS to promote biofilm formation, as well as its implication for pathogenicity. These findings provide insights into the pathogenic mechanisms of <em>E. piscicida</em> and inform the development of novel strategies for preventing infections caused by this pathogen.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"609 ","pages":"Article 742935"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144614671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the editor: Comment on development of a TGC-based growth model for the olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, and its application in developing a fish growth simulator architecture","authors":"Jianpeng Yu,&nbsp;Baochao Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742924","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742924","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"610 ","pages":"Article 742924"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144579905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heart rate variability as a neurophysiological biomarker of stress and welfare in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) under varying stocking densities","authors":"Inyeong Kwon ,&nbsp;Ju-Ae Hwang","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742931","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742931","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study sought to evaluate the physiological stress responses of olive flounder (<em>Paralichthys olivaceus</em>) to varying stocking densities by analyzing heart rate and heart rate variability (HRV). All experiments were conducted in flow-through tanks under both normal- and high-density conditions. Bio-loggers were implanted in the fish to continuously monitor their heart rates and HRV over a 25-day period. The collected data were processed using the Mercury software, using only high-quality heart rate data. To evaluate HRV, the coefficient of variation (CV) was calculated, offering a standardized measure of heart rate variability. The fish in the high-density environments exhibited significantly higher heart rates and lower HRVs than those in normal-density environments. Elevated plasma cortisol levels in the high-density group (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) further validated the stress responses indicated by heart rate and HRV. These findings suggest that high-density conditions induce significant stress in olive flounder, potentially reducing physiological adaptability and autonomic nervous system balance due to sympathetic dominance. This underscores the importance of density management in aquaculture to enhance fish welfare and highlights HRV analysis as a reliable, non-invasive tool for stress assessment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"610 ","pages":"Article 742931"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144579909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}