From recognition to defense: the multifaceted functions of PoPGRP-2 and PoPGRP-5 in Paralichthys olivaceus immunity

IF 3.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Pub Date : 2025-09-27 DOI:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743252

Yue Fang , Xiao-Dong Xu , Sheng-Han Gao , Jian Zhang , Xue-Peng Li

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) are an indispensable constituent in innate immunity, capable of identifying microbial peptidoglycan (PGN) and exert crucial effects in antibacterial defense. In this paper, we explored the immunological characteristics of two types of PGRP in Paralichthys olivaceus, i.e., the long PGRP, PoPGRP-2 and the short PGRP, PoPGRP-5. Both PoPGRP-2 (484 amino acid) and PoPGRP-5 (167 aa) possess a conserved PGRP domain and four conserved Zn²⁺-binding residues which determines their amidase capacity. The PoPGRP-2 and PoPGRP-5 were constitutive present in various tissues, and markedly regulated by bacterial infection. rPoPGRP-2 and rPoPGRP-5 were capable of binding to and clumping bacteria, and exhibited inhibitory and bactericidal properties in a Zn²⁺-dependent manner. Furthermore, in vitro both rPoPGRP-2 and rPoPGRP-5 could induce peripheral blood leukocytes' (PBLs)’ proliferation, phagocytosis, and ROS production via their attachment to the membrane of PBLs. Finally, in vivo both rPoPGRP-2 and rPoPGRP-5 could suppressed the microbial infection in immune related tissues. In conclusion, our observations deliver the initial proof that both PoPGRP-2 and PoPGRP-5 are vital in antimicrobial immunity of flounder.

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从识别到防御：PoPGRP-2和PoPGRP-5在橄榄鲆免疫中的多重功能

肽聚糖识别蛋白（peptide glycan recognition protein, PGRPs）是先天免疫中不可缺少的组成部分，能够识别微生物肽聚糖（peptide glycan， PGN），在抗菌防御中发挥重要作用。本文探讨了橄榄鲆（parichthys olivaceus）两种PGRP的免疫学特性，即长PGRP PoPGRP-2和短PGRP PoPGRP-5。PoPGRP-2（484个氨基酸）和PoPGRP-5（167个氨基酸）都具有一个保守的PGRP结构域和四个保守的Zn2+结合残基，这决定了它们的酶活性。PoPGRP-2和PoPGRP-5是组成型的，存在于各种组织中，并受细菌感染的显著调节。rPoPGRP-2和rPoPGRP-5能够与细菌结合和结块，并以依赖Zn2+的方式表现出抑制和杀菌性能。此外，rPoPGRP-2和rPoPGRP-5均可通过与外周血白细胞（pbl）膜的结合诱导外周血白细胞的增殖、吞噬和ROS的产生。最后，在体内rPoPGRP-2和rPoPGRP-5均能抑制免疫相关组织的微生物感染。总之，我们的观察结果提供了PoPGRP-2和PoPGRP-5在比目鱼抗菌免疫中至关重要的初步证据。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Aquaculture 农林科学-海洋与淡水生物学

CiteScore

8.60

自引率

17.80%

发文量

1246

审稿时长

56 days

期刊介绍： Aquaculture is an international journal for the exploration, improvement and management of all freshwater and marine food resources. It publishes novel and innovative research of world-wide interest on farming of aquatic organisms, which includes finfish, mollusks, crustaceans and aquatic plants for human consumption. Research on ornamentals is not a focus of the Journal. Aquaculture only publishes papers with a clear relevance to improving aquaculture practices or a potential application.