Aquaculture最新文献

{"title":"Dietary bile acids reduced ferroptosis, improved the flesh quality and intestinal health of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) fed the high plant protein-based diets","authors":"Kangyuan Qu , Junwei Zeng , Junming Deng , Xiaohui Dong , Hongyu Liu , Shuang Zhang , Shuyan Chi , Qihui Yang , Beiping Tan , Shiwei Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742562","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742562","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bile acids (BAs) have been shown to improve the growth performance of shrimp and are essential for their lipid metabolism. This study examined the impacts of incorporating BAs into a diet rich in plant-based proteins on growth performance, flesh quality, intestinal health, and ferroptosis of <em>Litopenaeus vannamei.</em> A total of seven diets were formulated, featuring a 25 % fish meal diet as the positive control (PC) and a 12.5 % fish meal diet designated as the negative control (NC). The remaining five diets were produced by supplementing varying amounts of BAs at 50, 100, 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg in the NC, labeled as NC50 to NC800. In comparison with the PC group, no differences were observed in the final body weight (FBW) and weight gain rate (WGR) of the NC group (<em>P</em> > 0.05). The FBW and WGR of the shrimp were significantly increased when 400 mg/kg BAs were added to the NC group (<em>P</em> < 0.05). A comparison of shrimp from the PC and NC groups showed that the latter group had significantly higher crude lipid content (<em>P</em> < 0.05), which was further increased in shrimp fed the diets supplemented with more than 200 mg/kg BAs in the NC group (<em>P</em> < 0.05). Immunofluorescence analysis indicated that the protein expression of GPX4 was lower in the NC group than in the PC and NC400 groups (<em>P</em> < 0.05). Transmission electron microscopy analyses showed that the mitochondrial cristae disappeared, and the lipid peroxidation metabolite (MDA) content was significantly increased in the NC group compared to the PC group (<em>P</em> < 0.05). Moreover, high-plant protein-based feed significantly increased the expression of genes linked to ferroptosis, including <em>acsl4</em>, <em>hoi</em>, and <em>fettrin</em> (<em>P</em> < 0.05). However, the inclusion of BAs can significantly diminish those mentioned metrics (<em>P</em> < 0.05). Furthermore, the inclusion of BAs in high-plant protein diets not only decreased cooking loss but also enhanced the texture properties of shrimp muscle, including hardness, cohesiveness, resilience, and springiness (<em>P</em> < 0.05). The supplementation of BAs also led to an upregulation of genes related to muscle fiber growth, specifically <em>tgf-β</em>, <em>tor</em>, <em>smych1</em>, and <em>smych2</em> (<em>P</em> < 0.05). Results from the Western blot and histological analyses revealed a significant upregulation of myofibrillar proteins including Akt, 4E-BP1, Raptor, and MyoD1, which also led to a marked increase in the diameter of muscle fibers (<em>P</em> < 0.05). Furthermore, electron microscopy revealed that incorporating BAs into high-plant protein diets led to a marked increase in both the width and height of the intestinal folds of shrimp, along with a growth in the density of microvilli (<em>P</em> < 0.05). In conclusion, the inclusion of BAs into diets rich in plant-based proteins can enhance the growth performance, flesh quality, resi","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"605 ","pages":"Article 742562"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"European eel larvae are sensitive to vibration and light","authors":"Fan Yang ,&nbsp;Elisa Benini ,&nbsp;Sune R. Sørensen ,&nbsp;Christoffer Moesgaard Albertsen ,&nbsp;Johanna Kottmann ,&nbsp;Ian A.E. Butts ,&nbsp;Jonna Tomkiewicz ,&nbsp;Sebastian N. Politis","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742569","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742569","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>European eel (<em>Anguilla anguilla</em>) earliest life stages haven't been encountered in nature, thus, studying behavior of hatchery-reared larvae is crucial for understanding their ecology and developing rearing protocols. Utilizing computer-assisted video tracking we investigated the behavior of hatchery-reared eel larvae from hatching to the first-feeding stage at 12 days post hatch (dph). Trials focused on escape responses linked to mechanical (vibration) and visual (light) stimuli, repeated at 60 s intervals and selected to mirror stimuli encountered in hatchery settings. Variables included distance moved in single-frame intervals, distance moved in 120 ms (3 frames), initial escape speed, total distance moved in 5 s, mean and maximum speed for the entire response. Escape probabilities were estimated by the hidden Markov model. Results revealed that eel larvae's responses to stimuli were stage-specific, corresponding to the development of sensory systems, where the lowest and highest escape probabilities were observed at hatch and 12 dph, respectively. Larvae demonstrated fast reactions to mechanical stimuli (vibration), but a stronger sensitivity to sudden changes in light intensity, with average maximum escape response speeds up to 40 cm/s. Moderate but consistent escape responses to repeated vibrations, suggest a potential inherent ability to detect and respond to mechanical stimuli, while a decreasing escape response trend with repeated light exposures might indicate a degree of habituation potential to visual stimuli. In conclusion, we highlight the importance of tailoring rearing protocols for eel larvae, avoiding excessive disturbances, especially during highly sensitive stages, to reduce unnecessary stress for improved welfare in hatchery settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"606 ","pages":"Article 742569"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143847749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroendocrine regulation of the metamorphic transition of giant clams","authors":"Keana Tan ,&nbsp;Danielle Mae Mateo-Matriano ,&nbsp;Sandie Degnan ,&nbsp;Cecilia Conaco","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742563","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742563","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For many benthic marine organisms, metamorphosis of larvae into juveniles is accompanied by a shift from the plankton into the benthos. This pelagobenthic transition must be precisely regulated and integrated with external environmental cues to allow the larva to settle at the right place, time, and conditions. Though the molecular mechanisms of the metamorphic processes in marine invertebrates remain relatively understudied, increasing evidence highlights the significant role played by neuroendocrine signaling in the modulation of this process. In this study, we examined the effect of the neurotransmitters gamma-aminobutyric acid, serotonin, epinephrine, and L-DOPA on the settlement and metamorphosis of the giant clam, <em>Hippopus hippopus</em>. We then determined the expression of genes encoding neurotransmitter-related enzymes and receptors during early development using transcriptomes of <em>H. hippopus</em> and a related species, <em>Tridacna gigas</em>. Epinephrine emerged as a promising candidate for inducing settlement and metamorphosis, while serotonin and L-DOPA may be involved in other settlement-related functions such as larval swimming and seeking behavior. This is supported by the upregulation of transcripts encoding enzymes involved in neurotransmitter biosynthesis during the competent pediveliger stage. The likely involvement of neurotransmitters in the regulation of the metamorphic process suggests their potential to boost spat yield in giant clam aquaculture. Beyond its applications in mariculture, these results provide insights into the complexity of the giant clam larval neuroendocrine system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"606 ","pages":"Article 742563"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143838752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Divergence patterns of bacterial communities between larviculture systems of two Penaeus vannamei strains with distinct culture traits","authors":"Heng Chen ,&nbsp;Fengdie Zhang ,&nbsp;Junqi Yu ,&nbsp;Rudan Chen ,&nbsp;Demin Zhang ,&nbsp;Chen Chen ,&nbsp;Kai Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742572","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742572","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The culture traits of <em>Penaeus vannamei</em> strains and environmental management during larviculture are critical for ensuring postlarval quality and determining culture success. Establishing a beneficial larval microbiota is essential for larval health; however, the interplay between shrimp strain traits and water environment in shaping larval microbiota remains underexplored. We profiled the succession trajectories of bacterial communities in larvae and water from larviculture systems of two shrimp strains with distinct traits—stress-resistant and fast-growing—exhibiting different survival rates. Water environment, coupled with larval development, influenced larval bacterial alpha-diversity more than shrimp strain or bacterioplankton diversity. However, the combined effects of host developmental stage, water environment, and bacterioplankton composition shaped larval bacterial community composition. Both strains showed early-stage dominance of Vibrionaceae and post-mouth-opening enrichment of Roseobacteraceae, yet strain-specific divergence emerged at the <em>mysis</em> stage, marked by a surge in abundance-differential taxa persisting into the early <em>postlarvae</em> stage. This divergence was primarily driven by rare and conditionally rare taxa, suggesting a common microbiome shared between strains, with rare taxa recruited for strain-specific functions such as stress resistance. Our findings highlight the timing and characteristics of microbial and environmental divergence between larviculture systems of the shrimp strains with distinct culture traits, indicating complex interactions among host genetics, environmental factors, and microbiota that may influence larval survival. These insights imply the potential for microbiome-assisted breeding strategies in shrimp aquaculture—an avenue worthy of further exploration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"606 ","pages":"Article 742572"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143844898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-beam sonars for monitoring the distribution and welfare of fish reared in sea cages - strengths and challenges","authors":"Kana Banno,&nbsp;Sihan Gao,&nbsp;Christian Stolz,&nbsp;Stig Atle Tuene,&nbsp;Grete Hansen Aas,&nbsp;Lars Christian Gansel","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742553","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742553","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fish position themselves in sea cages based on internal and external clues, and their spatial distribution can be used to assess fish welfare. However, monitoring the spatial distribution of fish in commercial cages is challenging due to the large amount of fish and size of such cages. Recently, a monitoring methodology using a multi-beam sonar was tested at commercial scale cages for Atlantic salmon, and used to visualize the fish distribution in almost the entire cage volume. In the present study, this methodology was applied to monitor their distribution in a commercial cage for 24 h at a density considered normal to high in commercial production. In this study, we compared fish distribution monitored by the multi-beam sonar with expected behavioural patterns and evaluated whether the use of the multi-beam sonar brought new information in comparison to the use of underwater cameras. Strong shadowing effects were present in 40 % of the collected sonar data files, but the multi-beam sonar was able to detect fish in the entire sea cage in 51 % of the files. While the camera data showed that fish densities were “high” at all monitored locations, the sonar data revealed some clusters of higher fish densities at various locations of the cage, and showed that fish distribution was never truly uniform. In conclusion, the multi-beam sonars can bring more representative and high-resolution information of the fish distribution compared to underwater cameras, which can improve fish welfare assessment based on their spatial distribution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"606 ","pages":"Article 742553"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143844280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The substitution of fish meal-soybean meal mixture with fermented soybean meal promoted the growth of bullfrogs (Lithobates catesbeianus) to the same performance as florfenicol addition through positively affecting intestinal health and microbiota","authors":"Yunfeng Chen ,&nbsp;Ruijun Zhu ,&nbsp;Zhongchao Sun ,&nbsp;Xu Yang ,&nbsp;Yang Fan ,&nbsp;Xinru Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoqin Li ,&nbsp;Xiangjun Leng","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742559","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742559","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of fermented soybean meal (FSBM) replacing fish meal (FM) + soybean meal (SBM) on growth, serum biochemical indices, liver and intestinal histology, intestinal digestive enzyme activities and microbial composition of bullfrogs (<em>Lithobates catesbeianus</em>). The basal diet contained 100.0 g/kg of FM and 290.0 g/kg of SBM, then 40.0 g/kg, 80.0 g/kg of FSBM was used to replace the same amount of FM-SBM mixture (1:3) (FSBM40, FSBM80). In addition, 2.0 g/kg florfenicol (10 % purity) was added into basal diet to form the antibiotic diet (ANTI). The above four isonitrogenous diets were fed to bullfrogs with initial body weight of 45.5 ± 0.4 g for 50 days. The FSBM80 and ANTI groups presented significantly higher weight gain and lower feed conversation ratio than the control group (<em>P &lt;</em> 0.05), while no significant difference was detected among the three groups of FSBM40, FSBM80 and ANTI (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). The ANTI group also showed significantly higher condition factor than the control group and significantly higher mesenteric fat index than the other three groups (<em>P &lt;</em> 0.05). The florfenicol content in the muscle of ANTI group was 19.9 μg/kg, but it was not detected in the other three groups. The serum lysozyme activity, liver total superoxide dismutase, catalase activities, total antioxidant capacity, intestinal muscle thickness were significantly increased, and serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase activities and liver malondialdehyde content were significantly decreased in the FSBM80 group when compared to the control group (<em>P &lt;</em> 0.05). Trypsin, α-amylase activity and lipase activity were significantly higher in FSBM80 and ANTI groups than those in the control group (<em>P &lt;</em> 0.05). Compared with the control group, the ANTI group presented significantly higher malondialdehyde content in liver and incomplete hepatocyte structure (<em>P &lt;</em> 0.05). In terms of intestinal microorganisms, the FSBM80 group revealed higher indices of sobs, shannon, ace, chao, higher abundance of Fusobacteriota, Proteobacteria and lower abundance of Bacteroidota and <em>Mycoplasma</em> than the control group, while the ANTI group showed significantly lower sobs, shannon and chao indices than the FSBM80 group, and lower Ace index than the control group (<em>P &lt;</em> 0.05). In conclusion, the replacement of 80 g/kg FM-SBM mixture (1,3) with 80 g/kg FSBM promoted the growth performance of bullfrogs to the same level as the antibiotic group, enhanced the intestinal digestive enzymes activity, and positively regulated the intestinal microorganism community.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"605 ","pages":"Article 742559"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fraxetin as a promising natural agent for controlling white spot syndrome virus: Mechanistic insights and application potential","authors":"Cheng Chen ,&nbsp;Kai-Yuan Lu ,&nbsp;Chang-Shuai Liang ,&nbsp;Tao Liu ,&nbsp;Qing Yu ,&nbsp;Peng-Fei Li ,&nbsp;Fei Ling ,&nbsp;Gao-Xue Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742565","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742565","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Against the backdrop of the rapid growth of the global crustacean aquaculture industry and the increasingly complex and variable farming environments, White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) has emerged as a major bottleneck in the industry, causing White Spot Disease (WSD) and resulting in significant economic losses annually. However, effective control strategies for this highly contagious viral disease are currently lacking. This study focuses on exploring natural medicinal resources and identifies <em>Fraxinus chinensis</em> Roxb. from 20 medicinal herbs as an effective inhibitor of WSSV proliferation. Its active compound, fraxetin, demonstrated excellent inhibitory effects (97.29 %, 75 mg/kg). Further studies have shown that fraxetin can effectively reduce viral replication in a concentration-dependent manner, downregulate viral gene transcription levels, and significantly increase the survival rate of crayfish infected with WSSV. Additionally, in both preventive/therapeutic administration and static cohabitation models, fraxetin effectively suppresses viral load and blocks horizontal transmission of WSSV, demonstrating its potential as a broad-spectrum control strategy. Mechanistically, fraxetin initially interferes with the expression of viral genes that play a crucial role in initiating WSSV transcription. It also weakens the viral genes' ability to hijack innate immune signaling pathways, thereby disrupting the viral replication cycle. Furthermore, fraxetin modulates various enzyme activities, effectively balancing oxidative stress and inflammatory damage triggered by WSSV infection, promoting the restoration of protein homeostasis, and enhancing its antiviral efficacy within crayfish. Given the established biosynthetic basis for fraxetin, this study provides a solid theoretical foundation for its use as an effective candidate to control WSSV outbreaks, promising significant contributions to the sustainable development of the aquaculture industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"605 ","pages":"Article 742565"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143828913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative study on nucleic acid amplification based detection methods for acute hepatopancreatic necrosis in Penaeus vannamei","authors":"Jinyu Yang ,&nbsp;Lu Zhang ,&nbsp;Qifan Zeng ,&nbsp;Jingjie Hu ,&nbsp;Mengqiang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND), primarily caused by certain strain of <em>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</em>, refers to severe mortality rate up to 100 %, and posed a significant threat to the global shrimp aquaculture. Currently, various molecular diagnostic techniques for AHPND, such as, conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR), nested PCR, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), loop-mediated Isothermal amplification (LAMP), and recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA), have been developed and continuously optimized. However, comparative studies on the performance of these methods are lacking. This study compared various published molecular diagnostic approaches, in terms of sensitivity, specificity, stability, and practical efficacy. A total of five kinds of methods were compared in this study. The sensitivity of PCR-1 and PCR-2 achieved 1.77 × 10² copies/μL and 1.77 × 10³ copies/μL, respectively; qPCR-1, qPCR-2, and qPCR-3 had limits of 1.77 × 10² copies/μL, 1.77 × 10¹ copies/μL, and 1.77 × 10³ copies/μL, respectively; nested PCR reached 1.77 × 10⁰ copies/μL. In isothermal amplification methods, LAMP-1 and LAMP-2 reached 1.77 × 10³ copies/μL, while RPA-1, RPA-2, and RPA-3 detected 1.77 × 10¹ copies/μL, 1.77 × 10¹ copies/μL, and 1.77 × 10³ copies/μL, respectively. All methods reliably detected the target gene, exhibiting robust specificity. Stability assessments showed minimal interference at low DNA concentrations, while at high concentrations, both conventional PCR and three RPA methods remained unaffected. In terms of detection accuracy, conventional PCR showed detection rates of 75 % for PCR-1 and 87.5 % for PCR-2; qPCR reached 100 % detection for qPCR-1, qPCR-2, and qPCR-3; nested PCR had an 87.5 % detection rate, LAMP achieved 75 % and 100 % for LAMP-1 and LAMP-2, respectively; and RPA reported 100 % detection for RPA-1 and RPA-2, with RPA-3 at 75 %. Notably, qPCR and nested PCR performed well. Generally, RPA-1 has good sensitivity (1.77 × 10¹ copies/μL), specificity, stability, and the detection rate of actual samples reaches 100 %. At the same time, RPA had the shortest reaction time and did not require expensive reaction equipment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"605 ","pages":"Article 742564"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization and functional analysis of CsTLR13M/13S, two novel teleost toll-like receptor 13 in antimicrobial immunity","authors":"Ji-xing Feng,&nbsp;Sheng-jia Wang,&nbsp;Hong-ye Wang,&nbsp;Xue-peng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742523","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742523","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In mammals, toll-like receptors 13 (TLR13), as an intracellular endosomal TLR, recognizes various pathogenic microorganism, playing vital roles in the first line of host immunity through myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) signaling pathway. However, the anti-microbial effect of teleost TLR13 is largely obscure. Here, we reported the expression patterns, signaling pathway and immune property of tongue sole (<em>Cynoglossus semilaevis</em>) TLR13 (CsTLR13). The membrane form of CsTLR13 (CsTLR13M) contains three domain, i.e. extracellular domain (ECD), cytoplasmic TIR domain and transmembrane (TM) domain; the soluble form of CsTLR13 (CsTLR13S) only contains single ECD. CsTLR13M/CsTLR13S share 77.5 % identity with each other, with the same 19 LRRs in the ECD. <em>CsTLR13M/CsTLR13S</em> were constitutively existed in different tissues with similar expression patterns, and regulated by bacterial and viral infection. Recombinant CsTLR13S (rCsTLR13S) could bind to bacteria, with the highest affinity to <em>P. fluorescens</em>, and inhibited the growth of bacteria. In vivo, knockdown of <em>CsTLR13M/CsTLR13S</em> markedly enhanced bacterial infection. Consistently, <em>CsTLR13M/CsTLR13S</em>-deficient peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) revealed reduced expression of pro-inflammatory genes, <em>MyD88</em>-signaling related genes, and ROS production, which in line with rCsTLR13S activated the expression of pro-inflammatory and <em>MyD88</em>-signaling related genes. Overall, our findings give new insights into the signaling pathway and function of CsTLR13 in teleost immunity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"605 ","pages":"Article 742523"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143833708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the psychrotrophic marine yeast Yarrowia bubula as potential feed for Artemia salina","authors":"Sayali Haldule ,&nbsp;Akanksha Kashikar ,&nbsp;Smita Zinjarde","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742561","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742561","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aquaculture is a rapidly growing food producing sector that is vulnerable to disease outbreaks. Since persistent application of antibiotics is associated with certain drawbacks, current focus on enhancing performance of aquaculture species is via use of environment-friendly nutritional supplementations, probiotic preparations and immunostimulants. Microorganisms belonging to ‘Generally Regarded as Safe’ category capable of utilizing low-cost substrates, containing high protein contents and exhibiting desirable fatty acid profiles are important in this regard. In current study, a psychrotrophic marine yeast <em>Yarrowia bubula</em> capable of growing on waste cooking oil (WCO), whey and raw glycerol was assessed for its potential as aquaculture feed. When concentrations of substrates were varied individually, maximum biomass was obtained when WCO, whey and glycerol were provided at 1.5, 50 and 1 % levels, respectively. Effect of the obtained biomass on the crustacean model system <em>Artemia salina</em> was studied with respect to its growth, survival and resistance towards aquaculture pathogens. Biomass of <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> and <em>Y. bubula</em> grown on glucose were considered as ‘control’ samples (C1 and C2, respectively). While, <em>Y. bubula</em> cultivated on WCO (F1), whey (F2) and glycerol (F3) were the ‘test’ feed samples. Crustaceans fed with F3 samples were bigger in size and exhibited well-developed appendages. Moreover, <em>A. salina</em> groups fed with F3 and F1 feeds displayed better survival of 88.89 ± 7.70 and 79.99 ± 11.55 %, respectively. Compared to other diets, specimens fed with these two diets showed enhanced resistance towards <em>Vibrio harveyi</em> (F3: 44.44 ± 10.18 % and F1: 39.99 ± 6.67 %) and <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> (F3: 68.88 ± 3.85 % and F1: 62.22 ± 3.85 %). There was upregulation of <em>hsp70</em>, <em>tgase</em> and <em>proPO</em> mRNA levels in groups of larvae fed with <em>Y. bubula</em> diets C2, F1, F2 and F3, compared to those fed with <em>S. cerevisiae</em> C1, suggestive of the former biomass being instrumental in enhancing immunity. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that total protein, lipid contents and fatty acid compositions of <em>Y. bubula</em> were key factors contributing towards increased survival, disease resistance and expression of immune related genes (<em>hsp70</em> and <em>proPO</em>) in <em>A. salina</em>. This study is the first report that shows the potential of <em>Y. bubula</em> capable of growing on low-cost substrates in improving survival, overall health and immune responses in aquaculture species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"605 ","pages":"Article 742561"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143824010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}