Aquaculture最新文献

{"title":"Single-cell atlas of the mandarin fish ovary reveals the trajectories of oogenesis and its immune microenvironment development","authors":"Feng Chen ,&nbsp;Yuting Wang ,&nbsp;Tilin Yi ,&nbsp;Carl Smith ,&nbsp;Lei Zheng ,&nbsp;Xiaoman Qin ,&nbsp;Weihao Lu ,&nbsp;Haifeng Li ,&nbsp;Yingbing Su ,&nbsp;Xuejun Gao ,&nbsp;Weiguang Kong","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The establishment of the immune microenvironment during oogenesis in teleosts plays a critical role in individual resistance to disease and consequently on population dynamics. However, the maternal influence on offspring immunity is poorly understood, particularly regarding the dynamic development and underlying mechanisms of the oocyte immune microenvironment. Here, we characterized the single-cell atlas of the mandarin fish (<em>Siniperca chuatsi</em>) ovary at late stage IV and identified three types of germ cells and five types of somatic cells. The distinctive features of the three germ cell types were further explored through enrichment analysis, suggesting that the immune microenvironment of fish oocytes is formed during the mature oocyte stage. Subsequently, based on the pseudotemporal analysis of these three germ cells, as well as clustering analysis and cell-cell communication analysis, we characterized the trajectories of oogenesis and formation of its immune microenvironment in the mandarin fish ovary. Notably, we identified a high-low-high expression pattern in immune-related pathways across different development stages of oocytes. Furthermore, the spatiotemporal expression dynamics of six key markers were validated using RNA-FISH. These findings provide novel insights into oogenesis and the establishment of maternal/innate immunity in teleost fishes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"612 ","pages":"Article 743247"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization and biocontrol potential of two novel lytic phages vB_EtaS_2 and vB_EtaS_6 against Edwardsiella tarda in aquaculture","authors":"Yukun Wu ,&nbsp;Shuai Ye ,&nbsp;Senwu Liu ,&nbsp;Jiahao Yu ,&nbsp;Haibo Gao ,&nbsp;Wei Feng ,&nbsp;Xuchuang Cheng ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Zhao ,&nbsp;Jianguo Zhao ,&nbsp;Jifeng Zeng ,&nbsp;Xin Zhang ,&nbsp;Xueqian Wang ,&nbsp;Nuo Yang ,&nbsp;Lixia Fan ,&nbsp;Guiying Guo ,&nbsp;Xuesong Li ,&nbsp;Jiping Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Edwardsiella tarda</em> poses a significant challenge to aquaculture industry owing to its pathogenicity and emerging antibiotic resistance. These factors have led to substantial economic losses and growing concerns about food safety. Given the urgent need for sustainable alternatives to antibiotics, bacteriophage therapy has emerged as a promising strategy for targeted pathogen control. This study isolated two bacteriophages exhibiting high lytic activity against <em>E. tarda</em> from wastewater samples collected at a crocodile farm in Hainan, China. These phages, designated as vB_EtaS_2 and vB_EtaS_6, were taxonomically classified within the genus <em>Tlsvirus</em> of the family <em>Drexlerviridae</em>, based on morphological characterization and genomic sequence analysis. <em>In vitro</em> antibacterial assays showed that a multiplicity of infection value of 0.1 exhibited optimal antibacterial efficacy and phage propagation efficiency. Both phages maintained substantial stability under thermal stress (−20–50 °C), across a broad pH range (5–10), and in the presence of low-concentration chloroform. Whole-genome analysis confirmed the absence of antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factors in both phages, ensuring their biosafety profile. Furthermore, <em>in vitro</em> assays demonstrated potent bactericidal activity. In <em>Danio rerio</em> (zebrafish) infection models, a phage cocktail of vB_EtaS_2 and vB_EtaS_6 significantly reduced mortality rates by 40 % (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Collectively, these findings suggest that vB_EtaS_2 and vB_EtaS_6 demonstrate favorable therapeutic potential are promising biocontrol agents against <em>E. tarda</em>. They offer a sustainable, targeted alternative to antibiotics, with translational value in improving pathogen management in crocodile aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"612 ","pages":"Article 743245"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses reveal the potential mechanisms underlying sex- and size-dependent resistance to Vibrio alginolyticus infection in the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis)","authors":"Rongchen Liu ,&nbsp;Hui Wen ,&nbsp;Xuguang Li ,&nbsp;Jitao Zheng ,&nbsp;Jinghao Hu ,&nbsp;Hongyu Ren ,&nbsp;Libao Wang ,&nbsp;Yuchen Chen ,&nbsp;Honglei Zhang ,&nbsp;Huijun Gao ,&nbsp;Weibing Guan ,&nbsp;Yongxu Cheng ,&nbsp;Xihe Wan ,&nbsp;Jun Zhou ,&nbsp;Fujun Xuan","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743218","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743218","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we performed an integrative analysis of transcriptomic and metabolomic data to systematically investigate the influence of two key phenotypic factors—sex and body size—on the resistance of <em>Eriocheir sinensis</em> (Chinese mitten crab) to <em>Vibrio alginolyticus</em> infection. Our findings revealed that sex exerts a substantially greater impact on bacterial resistance than body size. Among the four phenotypic groups, large-sized females exhibited the strongest resistance, followed by small-sized females, large-sized males, and small-sized males, indicating a clear trend of “females &gt; males” and “large size &gt; small size” in resistance capacity.</div><div>Multi-omics analyses further uncovered the molecular basis underlying these phenotypic differences. At the transcriptomic level, female crabs exhibited significantly higher activation of immune-related pathways, including endocytosis, immune signaling, cytoskeletal regulation, and apoptosis, suggesting a stronger innate immune response compared to males. At the metabolomic level, large-sized individuals showed enhanced energy metabolic pathways, potentially providing the energetic support required to sustain robust immune responses.Moreover, this study is the first to comprehensively characterize the endocytic pathway utilized by <em>E. sinensis</em> in response to <em>Vibrio</em> challenge, including pathogen recognition and endocytic initiation, endosomal transport and maturation, and lysosomal degradation. Notably, the regulation of endocytic immune responses was also found to be more strongly influenced by sex than by body size.</div><div>In summary, this study provides a systems-level understanding of how sex and body size collaboratively modulate the immune resistance of <em>E. sinensis</em> to <em>Vibrio</em> infection, offering valuable insights and molecular markers for disease-resistant breeding and precision aquaculture management in crustaceans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"612 ","pages":"Article 743218"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harmful Aeromonas spp. associated with the pathogenic tilapia parasite Gyrodactylus cichlidarum – Double trouble?","authors":"Adriana García-Vásquez ,&nbsp;Jesús Alejandro Zamora-Briseño ,&nbsp;Randy Ortiz-Castro ,&nbsp;Germán Muñoz-Córdova ,&nbsp;Martha Salazar-Ulloa ,&nbsp;Leticia Casas-Godoy ,&nbsp;Miguel Rubio-Godoy","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743242","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Co-infections involving monogenean parasites and pathogenic bacteria frequently result in increased fish mortality. Among the most problematic pathogens affecting tilapia aquaculture are monogenean parasites, such as the cosmopolitan <em>Gyrodactylus cichlidarum</em>, as well as opportunistic bacteria like <em>Aeromonas</em> spp. Bacterial infections are assumed to be opportunistic, facilitated by the parasite's breaching the fish host's first line of defense (mucus-covered skin) with its attachment hooks and through feeding. Here, using scanning electron microscopy, metataxonomy, microbiology and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) we characterized bacterial communities associated with farmed tilapia and <em>G. cichlidarum</em>. We demonstrate that bacterial communities associated with <em>G. cichlidarum</em> were significantly different and independent from those collected from fish or the environment and enriched in members of the genus <em>Aeromonas</em>; in particular, the pathogenic species <em>Aeromonas veronii</em> and <em>A. caviae</em>. The strong and specific association between <em>Aeromonas</em> and this monogenean suggests that <em>G. cichlidarum</em> might in effect be both a pathogen itself and a vector for a secondary pathogen – a hypothesis yet to be tested.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"612 ","pages":"Article 743242"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dietary salt and water salinity on the dynamics of major gut microbiota (Cetobacterium), antioxidant status, and immune response in Nile Tilapia","authors":"Jiezhang Li,&nbsp;Surintorn Boonanuntanasarn,&nbsp;Janethida Kiatmontri,&nbsp;Jirawadee Kaewda,&nbsp;Pimpisut Manassila,&nbsp;Zhengqin Luo,&nbsp;Jaksuma Pongsetkul,&nbsp;Chatsirin Nakharuthai","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743235","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743235","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nile tilapia farming in brackish water may provide an alternative for food security. This study evaluated the effects of dietary salt supplementation and water salinity on growth, antioxidant activity, immune response, and gut microbiota. After 44 days, fish in freshwater receiving 5 % NaCl (CD-5.0) showed higher total immunoglobulin, lysozyme, and ACH₅₀ than those at 2.5 % NaCl (CD-2.5) (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05); antioxidant parameters did not differ (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). qRT-PCR analysis revealed downregulation of pro-inflammatory genes (<em>on-cc1</em>, <em>tnfα</em>, and <em>tnfβ</em>) and upregulation of adaptive immune genes (<em>igm</em> and <em>mhcII</em>) in the CD-5.0 group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). At day 130, fish receiving 5 % dietary salt reared in freshwater and under gradually increasing water salinity (0 → 15 or 25 ppt) exhibited significantly higher growth compared to those fed 2.5 % dietary salt in freshwater (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). These fish also displayed improved health status with attenuated proinflammatory (<em>on-cc1, tnfα, tnfβ, on-cxc1, il-1β</em>) and stress (<em>hsp70</em>) responses alongside enhanced adaptive immune (<em>igm, mhcII</em>) function. Microbiome shifts in the CD-5.0 + 25 ppt group were evident by Day 91 and more pronounced by Day 130 as indicated by the Shannon, Simpson, and PCoA indices. Notably, the core microbiota (<em>Cetobacterium</em>) abundance increased in this group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) correlating with growth improvement and health. Collectively, dietary salt supplementation—combined with gradual increases in water salinity—enhances Nile tilapia acclimation by modulating immunity, growth, and gut microbiota. These features support the feasibility of farming in brackish or high-salinity systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"612 ","pages":"Article 743235"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antiparasitic efficacy of procyanidins against the fish parasite, Ichthyophthirius multifiliis: In vivo and in vitro","authors":"Hao Yang ,&nbsp;Yuhang Shen ,&nbsp;Youzhi Meng ,&nbsp;Chunru Zheng ,&nbsp;Zemao Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743224","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743224","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Ichthyophthirius multifiliis</em> is a globally distributed pathogenic ciliate that causes white spot disease in freshwater fish, inflicting severe economic losses on the aquaculture industry. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of the natural product, procyanidins, against <em>I. multifiliis</em> both <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>. It was demonstrated that procyanidins exhibited remarkable antiparasitic activity, achieving 100 % mortality of theronts, protomont, and tomonts at concentrations of 0.20 mg/L, 4.00 mg/L, and 8.00 mg/L, respectively, with median effective concentrations of 0.10 mg/L, 2.99 mg/L, and 4.65 mg/L. Morphologically, treatment with procyanidins induced significant changes in <em>I. multifiliis</em>, including ciliary disruption and the formation of numerous cytoplasmic vacuoles. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that procyanidins could induce ciliary loss in the parasites, as well as severe mitochondrial damage and vacuolization. <em>In vivo</em>, a cohabitation experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of procyanidins (0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 mg/L) on the transmission of ichthtophthiriasis between diseased and healthy goldfish. By day 4, the infection intensity in diseased fish ranged from 158.51 to 211.78 ind/cm², with no significant differences across groups. However, by day 8, the infection intensity in the control group of healthy goldfish was 165.14 ind/cm², while it was significantly reduced to 79.88, 62.56, and 24.66 ind/cm² in the 2.0, 4.0, and 8.0 mg/L groups, respectively. Acute toxicity tests showed that the 96-h median lethal concentration of procyanidins for goldfish was 30.22 mg/L. These findings suggest that procyanidins are a potentially safe and effective compound for combating ichthyophthiriasis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"612 ","pages":"Article 743224"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of ‘CIBA EHP Cura I' in the control and treatment of Ecytonucleospora hepatopenaei in shrimp culture","authors":"T. Sathish Kumar ,&nbsp;T. Sivaramakrishnan ,&nbsp;B. Naveen Rajeshwar ,&nbsp;P. Ezhil Praveena ,&nbsp;K. Ambasankar ,&nbsp;K.P. Jithendran ,&nbsp;M. Shashi Shekhar ,&nbsp;Kuldeep K. Lal","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Ecytonucleospora hepatopenaei</em> (EHP), a eukaryotic microsporidian parasite, causes huge economic losses in many shrimp-farming nations. However, effective prophylactics and therapeutics for EHP management are very limited. In this study, a phytobiotic-based therapeutic was found to be effective in controlling EHP and was named ‘<em>CIBA EHP Cura I'</em> (Cura). Drugs such as metronidazole (Met), tinidazole (Tin), albendazole (Alb), nifedipine (Nif), ketoconazole (Ket), verapamil (Ver), and plant derivatives such as carvacrol (Car) along with Cura were evaluated against EHP. Though all the drugs significantly reduced EHP load, they cause severe necrosis, degeneration and black discolouration in shrimp hepatopancreas except for Cura. While, the shrimp fed with Cura showed a largely normal hepatopancreas without any degenerative changes. Also, all the other drugs except Cura largely failed to increase the growth and survival of shrimp. At 0.1 %, the Cura was found to completely inhibit the EHP spore germination <em>in vitro</em>. In further experiments, the EHP-challenged shrimp (<em>n</em> = 25 in triplicate) were fed with feed top coated with Cura (0.05 %, 0.1 %, 0.15 % and 0.2 %) and reared for 60 days. The shrimp group fed with Cura at 0.1 %, 0.15 % and 0.2 % exhibited significantly higher innate immune activity (catalase, phenol oxidase and total haemocyte count) and significantly higher weight gain and survival rate. Cura, at 0.15 %, exhibited higher performance across all the treatments. Cura showed strong binding affinity with multiple targets such as SWP, ADP/ATP carrier, protein kinase, and endochitinase of EHP <em>in silico</em>. Additionally, Cura demonstrated potent antibacterial activity against <em>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</em>. Thus, this study highlights Cura, as a promising phytobiotic-based therapeutic for the effective EHP management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"612 ","pages":"Article 743231"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of triterpene-rich olive extract alone or in combination with green tea extract and Eucommia ulmoides extract on growth performance and health status of mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi)","authors":"Shuangcen Li ,&nbsp;Ye Gong ,&nbsp;Shaojie Liu ,&nbsp;Maolong He ,&nbsp;Dong Li ,&nbsp;Sofia Morais ,&nbsp;Xuxiong Huang ,&nbsp;Naisong Chen ,&nbsp;Songlin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research was conducted to investigate the effects of triterpene-rich olive extract (OE) alone, or in combination with green tea and <em>Eucommia ulmoides</em> extracts (OEC), on growth performance, oxidative defense ability, and inflammation response of mandarin fish to develop a natural antioxidant for improving the artificial feed of mandarin fish (<em>Siniperca chuatsi</em>), based on a 57 days' feeding trial. Five isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were prepared: a control (CTR), two with 0.15 % and 0.30 % OE (OE-L and OE-H), and two with 0.15 % and 0.30 % OEC (OEC-L and OEC<img>H). The results of feeding trial revealed that no significant differences were observed in final body weight, specific growth rate, and feed conversion ratio (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). Both OE and OEC supplementation increased crude protein levels in muscle and visceral tissues, while reducing muscle crude fat content. Specifically, the reductions in muscle crude fat were 11.03 %, 26.47 %, 27.94 %, and 32.35 % in the OEC-L, OEC<img>H, OE-L, and OE-H groups, respectively (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, OE and OEC supplementation decreased hepatic malondialdehyde and elevated catalase activity (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Hepatic antioxidant genes (<em>gpx</em>, <em>sod2</em>, <em>cat</em>, <em>nrf2 and gst</em>) were significantly upregulated in high-dose groups (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Both additives enhanced serum lysozyme activity and hsp70 expression, while suppressing pro-inflammatory genes (<em>mapk14</em> and <em>cox-2</em>) (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) in the head kidney. Notably, the OEC-H group exhibited a significant reduction in head kidney <em>relA</em> expression (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation with OE and OEC can enhance antioxidant capacity and immunity in mandarin fish, and the OEC-H group presents the best effects based on gene expression results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"612 ","pages":"Article 743233"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recombinant Amuc_1100 Lactococcus lactis regulates metabolism and intestinal health of largemouth bass fed high starch diet","authors":"Guokun Yang ,&nbsp;Mingyue Yin ,&nbsp;Shihui Guo ,&nbsp;Boya Yang ,&nbsp;Jianing Gu ,&nbsp;Ying Zhang ,&nbsp;Yanmin Zhang ,&nbsp;Xindang Zhang ,&nbsp;Xulu Chang ,&nbsp;Shikun Feng ,&nbsp;Xiaolin Meng","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present research focused on elucidating the functions of Amuc_1100 in largemouth bass. In vitro, the primary hepatocytes were treated by recombinant Amuc_1100 protein. In vivo, the roles of recombinant Amuc_1100 <em>Lactococcus lactis</em> was assessed on the largemouth bass induced by high starch diet. A total of 420 juvenile largemouth bass (20.87 ± 0.30 g) were distributed into 12 tanks (35 fish/ tank) for four groups: C group (9 % starch), H group (18 % starch), R group (18 % starch with MG1363), and A group (18 % starch with Am-MG1363). A 56-day feeding trial was conducted. The primary hepatocytes results indicate that the genes related to glucose and lipid metabolism were regulated by Amuc_1100 protein. In vivo, the FBW, WGR, SGR and CF were no statistically significant differences in different groups (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). The serum GHb, TG, TC, LDL-C, ALT and AST levels were markedly decreased in A group compared to the H group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, INS content was dramatically promoted in A group compared to the H group in the 8th week (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). In liver tissue, the hepatic glycogen, lipid droplets were dramatically decreased in A group compared to the H group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Moreover, <em>pk</em>, <em>pygl</em>, <em>fas</em> and <em>acc-α</em> expression were dramatically decreased (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), <em>lpl</em> and <em>hsl</em> expression were markedly promoted (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) in A group compared to the H group. In intestinal tissue, inflammatory infiltration induced by high starch diet was attenuated in the A group. In addition, the <em>caspase3</em>, <em>caspase9</em>, <em>tnf-α</em> and <em>il-8</em> expression were markedly inhibited (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), <em>zo-1</em> and <em>il-10</em> expression were observably promoted (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) in the A group compared to the H group. The IL-10 and TGF-β contents were dramatically promoted (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), and TNF-α level was markedly decreased (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) in the A group. In intestinal contents, the acetic acid and total SCFAs contents were markedly elevated in A group compared to the H group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Gut microbiota composition was dramatically altered in A group compared to the H group. These results will provide theoretical basis for application of Amuc_1100 in aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"612 ","pages":"Article 743232"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of digestive system in the horseshoe crab Tachypleus tridentatus during the transition from endogenous to exogenous nutrition","authors":"Chunhua Liu ,&nbsp;Youji Wang ,&nbsp;Menghong Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743234","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743234","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Chinese horseshoe crab (<em>Tachypleus tridentatus</em>), valued for scientific and medicinal purposes, is endangered due to pollution, habitat loss, and overharvesting. Listed as endangered by the IUCN in 2019 and protected in China since 2021, its population recovery is critical. The studies of the digestive tract are fundamental to metabolism and directly related to growth and development of aquatic animal. However, morphological and histological studies on the digestive tract of horseshoe crabs are lacking at present. To advance conservation and aquaculture strategies, this study combined histology, enzymology, molecular biology and metabolomics to investigate developmental changes in its digestive system during the transition from endogenous to exogenous nutrition. Key findings revealed reduced lipid particles and nutrient density in yellow connective tissue during ecdysis, alongside increased periostracum thickness and mucosal folds in the esophagus and proventriculus with growth. Midgut walls exhibited significantly thickened mucosal folds, submucosa, and muscle layers during ecdysis, coinciding with substantial depletion of proteins and lipids-while carbohydrates supplemented energy metabolism. Enzymatic analysis highlighted elevated cathepsin B synthesis in the first instar, likely preparing for vitellogenin hydrolysis and cathepsin L activation during molting, critical for metabolic adaptation. Metabolic data revealed distinct patterns across ecdysis and second instar. During molting, glycerophospholipid metabolism, autophagy, and mTOR/FoxO pathways supported energy recovery, lipid restructuring, and stress responses, aiding calcium ion metabolism and chitin synthesis. In contrast, second instar involved linoleic and arachidonic acid metabolism, neuroactive interactions, and the pentose phosphate pathway, likely linked to nervous and immune system maturation, antioxidant defense, and tissue repair. Molting prioritized energy by suppressing glycolysis, while second instar accumulated amino acids and lipid precursors for organ development and reproduction. These findings reveal adaptive metabolic strategies during molting and development, providing insights to optimize breeding practices, enhance aquaculture sustainability, and conserve this ecologically and economically vital endangered species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"612 ","pages":"Article 743234"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}