Optimizing shrimp growth and water quality in constructed wetland recirculating aquaculture systems: Effects of stocking density and shrimp size

IF 3.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Pub Date : 2025-09-20 DOI:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743222

Meimei Hu , Yanyan Wang , Jianlei Chen , Hongwu Cui , Shengmin Zhu , Tongtong Jin , Keming Qu , Zhengguo Cui

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Constructed wetlands integrated into recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) offer an eco-efficient solution for water treatment in shrimp farming by reducing water exchange while maintaining water quality. However, the effects of stocking density on pollutant removal—and its interaction with shrimp size on growth performance—remain poorly understood. In this study, a 112-m² wetland-based RAS was developed to culture Litopenaeus vannamei under four stocking densities (90, 135, 180, and 360 ind/m³) over a 90-day period. The system included a reservoir, culture ponds, sedimentation tank, plant purification units, and a vertical-flow constructed wetland. Grid search–optimized ridge regression and particle swarm optimization–based gray relational analysis were employed to assess the effects of stocking density and shrimp size on nutrient removal and growth. Results showed that the vertical-flow wetland effectively removed ammonium nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, and chemical oxygen demand, with removal efficiencies positively correlated with stocking density. By contrast, the removal of nitrate nitrogen and phosphate phosphorus decreased as stocking density increased. Larger shrimp (9–16 cm; 1.16–3.67 g; gray correlation: 0.819) were more sensitive to density effects than smaller ones (4–9 cm; 16.37–19.04 g; gray correlation: 0.667). While lower densities (180 and 360 ind/m³) had minimal impact on the growth of small shrimp, a higher density (540 ind/m³) significantly inhibited performance. These findings provide a quantitative foundation for optimizing stocking density in wetland-integrated RAS to enhance both water purification efficiency and shrimp yield.

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人工湿地循环水养殖系统对虾生长和水质优化：放养密度和对虾大小的影响

与循环水养殖系统（RAS）相结合的人工湿地通过减少水交换，同时保持水质，为对虾养殖提供了一种生态高效的水处理解决方案。然而，放养密度对污染物去除的影响及其与虾大小对生长性能的相互作用仍知之甚少。本研究以112-m2湿地为基础，在4种放养密度（90、135、180和360 ind/m3）下培养凡纳滨对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei），为期90天。该系统包括一个水库、养殖池、沉淀池、植物净化装置和一个垂直流人工湿地。采用网格搜索优化脊回归和基于粒子群优化的灰色关联分析，评价放养密度和虾大小对营养物去除和生长的影响。结果表明：垂直流湿地对土壤铵态氮、亚硝酸盐氮和化学需氧量有较好的去除效果，去除率与放养密度呈正相关；硝态氮和磷的去除率随放养密度的增加而降低。体型较大的对虾（9 ~ 16 cm, 1.16 ~ 3.67 g，灰色关联度为0.819）对密度效应的敏感性高于体型较小的对虾（4 ~ 9 cm, 16.37 ~ 19.04 g，灰色关联度为0.667）。较低密度（180和360 ind/m3）对虾的生长影响最小，而较高密度（540 ind/m3）则显著抑制虾的生长。研究结果为优化放养密度以提高水体净化效率和对虾产量提供了定量依据。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Aquaculture 农林科学-海洋与淡水生物学

CiteScore

8.60

自引率

17.80%

发文量

1246

审稿时长

56 days

期刊介绍： Aquaculture is an international journal for the exploration, improvement and management of all freshwater and marine food resources. It publishes novel and innovative research of world-wide interest on farming of aquatic organisms, which includes finfish, mollusks, crustaceans and aquatic plants for human consumption. Research on ornamentals is not a focus of the Journal. Aquaculture only publishes papers with a clear relevance to improving aquaculture practices or a potential application.