Aquaculture Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Effects of Diet Supplemented With Hydrolyzable Tannin on the Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, and Muscle Nutritional Quality of Juvenile Mastacembelus armatus","authors":"Xiaowen Xue,&nbsp;Yiman Chen,&nbsp;Zhide Yu,&nbsp;Yuwei Feng,&nbsp;Linan Zhang,&nbsp;Chong Han,&nbsp;Xiaoli Yin,&nbsp;Baoyue Lu,&nbsp;Hu Shu","doi":"10.1155/2024/8266189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/8266189","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>In this study, four groups of diet were prepared, with eel commercial diet without hydrolyzable tannin (HT) as the control group (H0), and the other three groups were fed with diet containing 0.05% (H1), 0.1% (H2), and 0.2% (H3) doses of HT to juvenile <i>Mastacembelus armatus</i> with an initial body weight of (0.40 ± 0.005) g. Juvenile fish in all groups were fed continuously for 60 days. Growth indices, hepatopancreatic antioxidant enzymes, biochemical indices (including total superoxide dismutase [T-SOD], catalase [CAT], malondialdehyde [MDA], total antioxidant capacity [T-AOC], alanine aminotransferase [ALT], aspartate aminotransferase [AST], alkaline phosphatase [AKP], and triglyceride [TG]), the content of muscle amino acids and fatty acids, stomach and intestine enzyme activities (pepsin, amylase, lipase), and genes expressions were evaluated. The results showed that 0.1% HT significantly improved the growth performance, hepatopancreatic antioxidant capacity, as well as muscle quality and lipase activity of juvenile <i>M. armatus</i>. In summary, the optimal addition level of HT in the diet of juvenile <i>M. armatus</i> is 0.1%, which helps to improve aquaculture efficiency and improve the muscle quality of <i>M. armatus</i>. However, the long-term effects of feeding HT on <i>M. armatus</i> and its physiological reaction mechanism need to be further explored.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/8266189","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth, Feed Utilization, Lipid Metabolism, and Metamorphosis of Bullfrog (Aquarana catesbeianus) Tadpoles Fed Diets With Different Lipid Levels","authors":"Juan Gao,&nbsp;Ling Wang,&nbsp;Jian Zhang,&nbsp;Kangle Lu,&nbsp;Kai Song,&nbsp;Xueshan Li,&nbsp;Chunxiao Zhang","doi":"10.1155/2024/5513496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/5513496","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>This study investigated the effect of dietary lipid levels on growth performance, lipid metabolism, antioxidant capacity, digestive enzyme activity, and metamorphosis rate of bullfrog (<i>Aquarana catesbeianus</i>) tadpoles. A total of six isonitrogenous diets were prepared, each containing 4.46% (L5), 6.95% (L7), 9.10% (L9), 10.90% (L11), 12.34% (L13), and 15.00% (L15) crude lipid content. The experimental diets were administered to triplicates of tadpoles (stage 25, 0.007 g) twice daily for 75 days with a daily feeding rate of 6.50% of their body weight. Weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR), crude protein content of the whole body, apparent digestibility of dry matter and gross energy, intestinal lipase (LPS) capacity, lipoprotein lipase (LPL), and carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I (CPT-I) and contents of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in the liver, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) content in the serum, and metamorphosis rate at stages 40 and 41 increased as the dietary lipid level increased from 4.46% to 12.34% and then decreased. As the dietary lipid level increased from 4.46% to 10.90%, the protein efficiency ratio (PER), protein deposition rate (PDR), lipid deposition rate (LDR), crude lipid content and gross energy of the whole body, apparent digestibility of the crude lipid, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activities in the liver, and the intestinal trypsin (TPS) activity all increased and then decreased. According to the second-order polynomial regression analysis of the WG and metamorphosis rate at stage 41 to the dietary lipid level, the ideal dietary lipid content for tadpoles was 11.08% and 10.72%, respectively. Overall, the appropriate dietary lipid level for bullfrog tadpoles was found to be 10.72%–11.08% of the diet.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/5513496","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) Levels on Growth Performance, Fatty Acid Profile, and NF-κB/Nrf2 Pathway-Related Gene Expression of Razor Clam Sinonovacula constricta","authors":"Yuxiang Zhu,&nbsp;Kai Liao,&nbsp;Hailong Huang,&nbsp;Yang Liu,&nbsp;Yang Zhang,&nbsp;Deshui Chen,&nbsp;Bin Ma,&nbsp;Jilin Xu","doi":"10.1155/2024/9107191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/9107191","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is crucial for the optimal (Opt) growth of bivalves, but the precise dietary DHA requirement remains undetermined in bivalves. Our study identifies the optimal dietary DHA requirement for razor clam <i>Sinonovacula constricta</i> and demonstrates its effects on fatty acid profiles and gene expression related to inflammation and detoxification. Microencapsulated feeds with different DHA levels (DHA1–6 groups: 1.68, 4.85, 9.49, 12.6, 15.59, and 16.95 mg g⁻¹ dry matter) were prepared using spray drying. Razor clams (initial wet weight: 3.8 ± 0.6 mg) were fed these microcapsules for a period of 20 days. The present study showed that the clams in the DHA1 group exhibited significantly lower weight and shell length gain rates compared to those in the DHA3, DHA4, DHA5, and DHA6 groups. Based on the shell length gain rate, the Opt dietary requirement of DHA for clam is approximately 6.42 mg g⁻¹ dry matter. The clams in the DHA2 group had significantly higher crude lipid content compared to those in the DHA1 and DHA6 groups, while the clams in the DHA1 group had the highest ash content, significantly higher than that in the DHA4 and DHA6 groups. The DHA levels in the clams increased with the increase in DHA content in the microcapsules, while the levels of total <i>n</i>-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), linoleic acid (LA), and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) decreased. The mRNA levels of <i>cyclooxygenase-2</i> (<i>cox2</i>) and <i>5-lipoxygenase type 2 (5-lox-2)</i> were higher in the DHA1 and DHA6 groups compared to other microcapsule groups. As dietary DHA levels increased, the mRNA levels of <i>nuclear factor kappa B (nfκb</i>) and <i>nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (nrf2</i>) decreased. Additionally, the mRNA levels of <i>glutamate-cysteine ligase</i> catalytic subunit (<i>gclc</i>) and <i>glutathione S-transferase</i> (<i>gst</i>) were highest in the DHA1 group. This is the first study to determine the Opt DHA requirement for juvenile razor clams using microcapsules with different DHA levels, and this study further reveals that dietary DHA can help reduce inflammation and oxidative status in clams.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/9107191","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142525419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Effect of Dietary Manganese on the Intestinal Digestive Function, Antioxidant Response, and Muscle Quality in Coho Salmon","authors":"Dongwu Liu,&nbsp;Wenshuo Xie,&nbsp;Zhiling Xia,&nbsp;Ya Wang,&nbsp;Xinran Zhang,&nbsp;Qiuxiang Pang","doi":"10.1155/2024/9335479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/9335479","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Manganese (Mn) is a nutritional element required for fish growth and physiology functions. In this study, we examined the effect of Mn on the intestinal digestive function, antioxidant response, and muscle quality in coho salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus kisutch</i>). Nine hundred salmons with initial weight approximately 0.35 g were fed with six isoproteic and isoenergetic diets formulated to contain 2.4, 8.5, 14.8, 19.8, 24.6, and 33.7 mg/kg Mn for 84 days. The result showed that the activity of trypsin and lipase was elevated, whereas <i>α</i>-amylase activity was not affected by various Mn diets in intestine. Dietary Mn elevated the activity of Mn-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), and catalase (CAT), but had no influence on copper/zinc-superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) in intestine. Dietary Mn at 8.5, 14.8, 19.8, 24.6, and 33.7 mg/kg enhanced the gene expression level of protein kinase B (Akt) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). In addition, the accumulation of Mn in muscle was enhanced with increasing levels of dietary Mn. Dietary Mn elevated the content of sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), and calcium (Ca), but the content of iron (Fe) and Zn was decreased by dietary Mn in the salmon muscle. The content of fatty acids and amino acids was enhanced by various levels of dietary Mn in muscle. Moreover, a significant quadratic effect was observed on the texture of salmon muscle. The dietary Mn requirement was 16.9–25.7 mg/kg Mn to acquire the highest value of muscle texture using the quadratic regression model. The diets at 14.8 and 19.8 mg/kg Mn had a higher score of sensory evaluation for raw muscle. Our result showed that dietary Mn affected the intestinal digestion function and antioxidant response, which may further result in the change of muscle quality in coho salmon. The result will provide reference for detecting the effect of dietary micronutrients on the muscle quality of salmons.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/9335479","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142525421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary β-Mannanase Affects the Growth, Antioxidant, and Immunes Responses of African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus, and Its Challenge Against Aeromonas hydrophila Infection","authors":"Ibrahim Adeshina,&nbsp;Bilal Ahamad Paray,&nbsp;Eijaz Ahmed Bhat,&nbsp;Shahid Sherzada,&nbsp;Olaolu O. Fawole,&nbsp;Dalhatu J. Bawa,&nbsp;Thais Pereira da Cruz,&nbsp;Lateef O. Tiamiyu","doi":"10.1155/2024/5263495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/5263495","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 &lt;p&gt;One of the most farmed fishes is the African catfish, &lt;i&gt;Clarias gariepinus&lt;/i&gt;. Its production has increased by 20% annually on average during the last 20 years, but the occurrence of fish diseases, especially bacterial such as &lt;i&gt;Aeromonas hydrophila&lt;/i&gt; infections, is hindering its activities. Also, the incorporation of plant-derived substances in aquafeeds is limited since they frequently contain different antinutritional factors, like nonstarch polysaccharides (NSPs). However, supplementing fish diets with &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;-mannanase could increase growth, antioxidants, and immunity. Despite the advantage of &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;-mannanase, its effects on growth, digestive enzymes, antioxidants, and immunity in African catfish need to be elucidated. This study examined the effects of dietary β-mannanase on the growth performance, liver enzymes, antioxidant profiles, immunity, and protection of African catfish, &lt;i&gt;C. gariepinus&lt;/i&gt;, against &lt;i&gt;A. hydrophila&lt;/i&gt; infection. Five isonitrogenous diets were prepared to have 400 g/kg crude protein and supplemented with &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;-mannanase at 0, 1500, 3000, 4500, or 6000 thermostable endo, 1,4-&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;-mannanase units (TMUs)/kg diet and fed to 300 juveniles of the African catfish, &lt;i&gt;C. gariepinus&lt;/i&gt; (mean weight 12.1 ± 0.1 g) for 12 weeks. Then, 10 fish from each tank received an intraperitoneal injection of 0.1 mL of &lt;i&gt;A. hydrophila&lt;/i&gt; (5.0 × 10&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt; CFU/mL) and observed for 14 days. Results showed dietary &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;-mannanase levels considerably improved growth performance but did not affect fish survival. Also, amylase, protease, and lipase levels were significantly promoted in the fish fed with &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;-mannanase-fortified diets than the control group (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;  &lt; 0.05). Enhanced gut villi and intestinal absorption areas, haematlogical profiles, and liver enzymes but reduced gut viscosity were observed in fish-fed &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;-mannanase-fortified diets (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;  &lt; 0.05). In a dose-dependent order, including &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;-mannanase in the meals of African catfish raised the levels of glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL) activities and decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) values in African catfish (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;  &lt; 0.05). Also, fish immunity was greatly (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;  &lt; 0.05) enhanced due to supplementation of the diet with &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;-mannanase. In addition, fish-fed diets comprising 6000 TMU &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;-mannanase/kg diet showed the lowest rates of fish mortality (7.5%) (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;  &lt; 0.05). Therefore, feeding African catfish, &lt;i&gt;Clarias gariepinus&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;-mannanase enhanced growth performance, increased activity of digestive enzymes, gut morphology, enhanced generation of short-chain fatty acids, digesta potential of hydrogen (pH), and improved antioxidant profiles and immunity at the optimum dose of 5800 TMU/kg diet. Additionally, &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;-mannanase protected African catfish against &lt;i","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/5263495","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142525420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"γ-Aminobutyric Acid Effectively Modulate Growth Performance, Physiological Response of Largemouth Bass (Micropterus Salmoides) Under Combined Stress of Flow Velocity and Density","authors":"Yun-Jie Lin,&nbsp;Xu-Nan Li,&nbsp;Xiu-Mei Chen,&nbsp;Jian-Ming Chen,&nbsp;Xiao-Yan Jin,&nbsp;Jia-Xin Sun,&nbsp;Xiao-Tian Niu,&nbsp;Yi-Di Kong,&nbsp;Min Li,&nbsp;Gui-Qin Wang","doi":"10.1155/2024/9180554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/9180554","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The circular aquaculture model of largemouth bass pond engineering has the characteristics of high yield and efficiency, but it is prone to stress caused by flow velocity and density, which affects the yield of largemouth bass (<i>Micropterus salmoides</i>). <i>γ</i>-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is believed to have the effect of improving growth and stress tolerance. We divided the largemouth bass into three groups: a control group, a flow rate and density combined stress group, and a combined stress feed supplemented with GABA (0.9%) group, and conducted a 60-day aquaculture experiment. The results showed that the final weight, weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), and feed efficiency (FE) of largemouth bass significantly decreased in the combined stress group (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). The serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) activity, and glucose (GLU), malondialdehyde (MDA) level of largemouth bass significantly higher than the control group, and the serum lysozyme (LZM) activity and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) were significantly lower than the control group (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). After adding GABA, the final weight, WGR, SGR, and FE decreased, and the serum GLU levels, AST, ALT activity, and MDA levels were downregulated, and the serum LZM activity and T-AOC of largemouth bass were upregulated. But most of the above are still at the level of the control group. Under combined stress, the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression levels of growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ (IGF-I), B-cell lymphoma-2 (Blc2), nuclear transcription factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) genes were significantly reduced (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), while the mRNA expression levels of heat stress protein 70 (HSP70), heat stress protein 90 (HSP90), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), interleukin-1<i>β</i> (IL-1<i>β</i>), Bax and keap1 genes were significantly increased (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). After the exogenous addition of GABA, all the above genes have a certain degree of callback, but GH, HSP70, HSP90, IL-1<i>β</i>, Bax, Nrf2, CAT, and SOD have not yet reached the level of the control group. These results indicate that adding GABA to feed can alleviate the adverse effects of combined stress of flow rate and density to a certain extent and provide insights for solving the problems in the circular aquaculture model of largemouth bass.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/9180554","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142525344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Porphyra Polysaccharides Alleviated High-Carbohydrate Diet-Induced Growth Retardation, Lipid Deposition, Impairment of Immune and Antioxidant Functions, and Intestinal Morphology in Rabbitfish (Siganus canaliculatus)","authors":"Ruixin Li,&nbsp;Wenkai Li,&nbsp;Jiaying Xie,&nbsp;Zhixiao Liu,&nbsp;Yi Xiao,&nbsp;Douglas R. Tocher,&nbsp;Cuiying Chen,&nbsp;Fan Lin,&nbsp;Xiaojuan Liu,&nbsp;Dizhi Xie,&nbsp;Yucong Hong,&nbsp;Shuqi Wang","doi":"10.1155/2024/7022813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/7022813","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p><i>Porphyra</i> polysaccharide (PPS), derived from marine red seaweeds of the <i>Porphyra</i> genus, has been reported to improve growth performance, lipid metabolism, and antioxidant capability in animals. The present study investigated the effects of PPS supplementation to a high-carbohydrate diet on growth performance, lipid metabolism, immunity, antioxidant capacity, intestinal morphology, and microbial composition in rabbitfish (<i>Siganus canaliculatus</i>). Rabbitfish were fed a basal starch diet (BSD, 15% starch) and high-starch diets (HSD, 25% starch) supplemented with varying levels of PPS (0%, 1.25%, 2.5%, and 5%) for 8 weeks. The results showed that HSD intake significantly decreased body weight and increased hepatosomatic index compared to rabbitfish fed BSD. But all dietary levels of PPS reversed these two indicators of fish fed HSD. In addition, the supplementation of 2.5% and 5% PPS significantly reduced the higher lipid contents in whole fish and abdominal muscle of fish fed HSD. Notably, 2.5% PPS reduced lipid droplets in the liver, possibly through the downregulation of genes associated with lipid synthesis and the upregulation of genes associated with lipid catabolism. Moreover, all levels of PPS supplementation decreased the higher serum alanine aminotransferase activity in fish fed HSD, indicating the alleviation of HSD-induced liver impairment. Additionally, PPS inclusion significantly increased the activity of serum lysozyme, superoxide dismutase, and catalase while decreasing serum malondialdehyde in fish fed HSD, suggesting improvements in immunity and antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, PPS inclusion mitigated damage to intestinal villi induced by HSD. Interestingly, 2.5% PPS increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Tenericutes while reducing the abundance of Proteobacteria and Spirochetes, indicating the reshaping of gut microbiota. In summary, dietary PPS alleviated the negative effects of HSD on growth performance, lipid metabolism, immunity, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal morphology and altered microbial composition in rabbitfish. This highlighted the beneficial effects of dietary PPS in fish and suggested it could contribute to the new strategies for treating metabolic syndrome and health impacts in aquatic animals.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/7022813","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142525218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of High Levels Carbohydrate on Intestinal Microbiota, Metabolites, and Health of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)","authors":"Jinrui Xiong,&nbsp;Liping Yang,&nbsp;Luming Wang,&nbsp;Shaoyang Zhi,&nbsp;Mengjuan Zhao,&nbsp;Chunchu Xu,&nbsp;Leya Qu,&nbsp;Xiaorui Guo,&nbsp;Xiao Yan,&nbsp;Chaobin Qin,&nbsp;Guoxing Nie","doi":"10.1155/2024/7631021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/7631021","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Long-term consumption of high-carbohydrate feed may adversely affect intestinal health of fish; however, the underlying roles remain ambiguous. This study examined the effects of varying carbohydrate levels on the intestinal flora of common carp and assessed how microbial metabolites influence intestinal health. Two hundred seventy common carps were chosen and distributed randomly into three groups that fed diets containing starch at levels of 15% (low-carbohydrate diet [LCD]), 28% (medium-carbohydrate diet [MCD]), and 45% (high-carbohydrate diet [HCD]) for 60 days. A significant increase in final body weight, weight gain rate, and specific growth rate within the MCD group, while feed conversion ratio exhibited a decrease in comparison to the other groups (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Feeding with a HCD led to decreased activity of catalase and increased malondialdehyde content, which was consistent with reverse transcription-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis results (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Specifically, the RT-qPCR results revealed that HCD treatment significantly upregulated <i>il1β</i>, <i>il6</i>, and <i>il8</i> transcript levels. Whereas, the <i>il10</i> messenger RNA (mRNA) was markedly reduced in comparison to the LCD group. Furthermore, the HCD group exhibited an increased abundance of <i>Proteobacteria</i>, accompanied by a reduction in <i>Fusobacteria</i> abundance, and also revealed an upsurge in opportunistic pathogenic bacteria, such as <i>Aeromonas</i> and <i>Shewanella</i>. The correlation analysis demonstrated negative correlations of anti-inflammatory active substances such as fucoxanthin, (S)-reticuline, hecogenin, and uridine with <i>Aeromonas</i>, but positive correlations with <i>Luteolibacter</i>. In summary, dietary carbohydrates might mediate intestinal flora to regulate their metabolites and affect intestinal inflammatory response.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/7631021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142525217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Status and Global Research Trend Patterns of Insect Meal in Aquaculture From Scientometric Perspective: (2013–2022)","authors":"Raghuvaran N.,&nbsp;Tincy Varghese,&nbsp;Prasanta Jana,&nbsp;Angela Brighty R. J.,&nbsp;Muthiah Sethupathy A.,&nbsp;Sudarshan S.,&nbsp;Yahya Bin Abdullah Alrashdi,&nbsp;Adel Ehab Ibrahim,&nbsp;Sami El Deeb","doi":"10.1155/2024/5466604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/5466604","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>In the past decade, insect meal has gained popularity in the animal feed industry, particularly in aquafeed, due to rising costs and decreased availability of fish meal (FM) and fish oil. Initially met with skepticism, insect meal is now seen as a promising ingredient because of its high nutrient profile. Research worldwide is exploring its potential as a FM replacement. Insects are abundant, nutritious, and environmentally friendly, as they can be reared on organic waste, minimizing the need for land, water, and energy. This research aims at obtaining a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the current status and research trend patterns in this research field. To achieve this goal, this study conducts a mini systematic review and scientometric analysis of the global research published from 2013 to 2022 on the usage of insect meal in aquaculture. In the scientometric analysis, a total of 354 papers published by 1800 authors in 124 different journals from the Web of Science (WoS) core collection were analyzed, evaluating the number of publications, most relevant authors, organizations, top cited countries, most globally cited publications, and trending research themes in this field. The result showed that the University of Turin was the leading organization in insect meal research, whereas aquaculture was the leading journal, and author Laura Gasco was the prominent researcher in this field in the studied time frame (2013–2022). Italy was the leading country in Europe, while China dominated Asia in terms of the number of publications. The annual growth rate in insect meal research was found to be positive (23.11%), with 36.95 average citations per document. This study helps practitioners and scholars understand the current state of insect meal in aquaculture and identifies research requirements that can benefit both academia and industry.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/5466604","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142524993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Dietary Cholesterol, Phytosterol, and Docosahexaenoic Acid on Astaxanthin Absorption and Retention in Rainbow Trout","authors":"Yang Jin,&nbsp;Keshuai Li,&nbsp;Jon Olav Vik,&nbsp;Marie Hillestad,&nbsp;Rolf Erik Olsen","doi":"10.1155/2024/8265746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/8265746","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Astaxanthin (Ax) determines the flesh redness of a salmonid fish which is the most desirable quality indicator by consumers. Fish cannot synthesize Ax de novo, therefore, the only way to increase flesh redness is to increase dietary input or improve the absorption and retention rate of dietary Ax. As a hydrophobic carotenoid, the absorption of Ax can be modulated by other lipid molecules in the diet. The present study explored the effect of three lipids, cholesterol (CH), phytosterol (PS), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on Ax absorption, transport, and retention in rainbow trout. Dietary CH significantly improved Ax absorption by elevating plasma Ax levels (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05); however, it had no effect on the whole body Ax or flesh color. Dietary PS appears to inhibit Ax absorption since fish had significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) reduced whole body Ax. Dietary DHA appeared to have no effect on Ax absorption or retention. By comparing intestinal transcriptomes, a low density lipoprotein receptor (<i>ldlr</i>) gene was significantly downregulated in fish fed the CH diet as compared to the control diet. Since LDLR protein plays a major role in plasma lipoprotein turnover, we hypothesized that the inhibition of <i>ldlr</i> gene by high dietary CH resulted in higher retention of plasma Ax. The elevation of plasma Ax was not reflected in higher flesh coloration, which suggested other limiting factors governing Ax retention in the muscle. On the other hand, the transcriptomic and proteomic analyses found no changes of genes or proteins involved in Ax absorption, transport, or excretion in fish fed PS or DHA diets as compared to the control diet. In conclusion, this study has suggested that CH promotes Ax absorption by regulating lipoprotein retention and provide evidence for improving Ax absorption via dietary modulation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/8265746","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142435387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}