Aquaculture Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Impact of Dietary Lipid to Carbohydrate Ratio on Elemental Stoichiometric Relationships in Growth Phenotypes of Ruditapes Decussatus","authors":"Kristina Arranz,&nbsp;Iñaki Urrutxurtu,&nbsp;Enrique Navarro","doi":"10.1155/anu/9924742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/9924742","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Understanding the mechanisms of nutrient regulation in bivalves is crucial for optimizing their growth under varying dietary conditions. In the present work, juveniles of the carpet shell clam (<i>Ruditapes decussatus</i>) from the same cohort were size-segregated to obtain fast and slow growing phenotypes. These clams were then conditioned to diets presenting a range of lipid/carbohydrate proportions but similar carbon:nitrogen (C:N) ratios. Subsequently, experiments were conducted to determine elemental (C and N) balances in order to achieve the following aims: (a) To identify strategies of homeostatic nutrient regulation in relation to either endogenous (growth phenotype) or dietary factors and (b) to quantify the extent to which stoichiometric adjustments (at both pre- and postabsorptive levels) are accomplished throughout the successive components of elemental balances. The elemental balances of both C and N exhibited higher values under the lipid-rich diets, indicating the presence of nutritional limitations in juvenile clams fed on low lipid/carbohydrate proportion, resulting from a greater digestive imbalance of lipids in diets of low digestibility coupled to limited dietary lipid income. These nutritional limitations were more effectively managed by the fast-growing phenotype, pointing to the importance of enhanced energetic status in sustaining homeostatic nutrient regulation. The stoichiometric coupling between consumed diets and the biosynthetic requirements of growing tissues relied on postabsorptive rather than preabsorptive mechanisms, although notable discrepancies in this regard were observed between conditioning diets.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/9924742","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Dietary Protein and Lipid Level on Growth, Antioxidant, and Gene Expression of Juvenile Parabramis pekinensis","authors":"Wentao Xu,&nbsp;Ye Xu,&nbsp;Zhijing Yang,&nbsp;Yaming Feng,&nbsp;Huanhuan Huo,&nbsp;Xiaoping Miao,&nbsp;Hailong Gu","doi":"10.1155/anu/9923321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/9923321","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Unreasonable ratio of protein to lipid in feeds could affect growth, antioxidant, and related pathway genes expression. This study aimed to investigate the suitable proportion of protein to lipid in feed with <i>Parabramis pekinensis</i>. The ratio protein-lipid (<i>P</i>/<i>L)</i> indicated by G1 (2.52), G2 (3.16), G3 (4.03), G4 (5.33), G5 (7.49), and G6 (11.67), which were fed to <i>P. pekinensis</i> (80 ± 10.52 g) for 56 days. The present results showed that diets with a protein-to-lipid ratio of approximately 3.5:1 (35% protein and 10% lipid, or less) were optimal for enhancing growth parameters, including body weight, WGR, PER, VSI, HSI, SGR, and feed conversion ratio (FCR). The quadratic regression analysis of FCR and protein efficiency ratio (PER) in <i>P. pekinensis</i> showed that <i>P/L</i> ratio performed best around 5.33. As the <i>P/L</i> ratio in feeds turned down, the best growth performance appeared at about 5.33 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), which was due to the unbalanced feed protein and fat levels. Meanwhile, <i>P/L</i> in 5.33 group exerted a protective function against oxidative damage in <i>P. pekinensis</i>. In addition, the increased antioxidant capacity contributed to the growth performance of the fish in 5.33 group, which showed the connection obviously. Thus, the connection existed in target of rapamycin (TOR) and Nrf2 signaling pathway, which was downregulated when the <i>P/L</i> ratio was around 2.52 and 11.67. On the contrary, the <i>P/L</i> ratio around 5.33 could enhance the expression of <i>tor</i> and <i>s6k1</i> to improve the growth of <i>P. pekinensis</i>. In the Nrf2 signaling pathway, the expression of <i>keap1</i>, <i>sod1</i>, and <i>gpx</i> affected antioxidant ability and the <i>P/L</i> ratio from 4.03 to 7.49 could be able to balance the antioxidant capacity, maintaining in normal level of <i>P. pekinensis</i>.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/9923321","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143949928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Creatine Ameliorates the Adverse Effects of High-Fat Diet on Hepatic Lipid Metabolism via Activating Mfn2-Mediated Mitochondrial Fusion in Juvenile Grass Carp","authors":"Nan-Jun Hu,&nbsp;Guang-Li Feng,&nbsp;Xiao-Hong Lai,&nbsp;Mo Peng,&nbsp;Yu-Feng Song","doi":"10.1155/anu/1151656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/1151656","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>With the increasing prevalence of high-fat diets (HFD) in aquaculture practices, the detrimental effects of HFD on farmed fish have garnered significant attention. Creatine has emerged as a promising green feed additive for aquaculture species; however, its potential role in mitigating the negative impacts of HFD remains poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, the present study was designed to investigate the protective effects of dietary creatine supplementation on HFD-induced hepatic lipid metabolism disorders and muscle quality deterioration in juvenile grass carp (<i>Ctenopharyngodon idella</i>). Three experimental diets were formulated: a control diet (5.20% lipid, control), a HFD (8.11% lipid, HFD), and a HFD supplemented with 2% creatine (HFD + creatine). Juvenile grass carp (initial weight: 4.12 ± 0.02 g) were randomly allocated into nine 300-L indoor tanks and fed the experimental diets for 8 weeks. The key findings of this study revealed that (1) Dietary creatine supplementation significantly ameliorated the adverse effects of HFD on growth performance and feed utilization efficiency in juvenile grass carp. (2) Creatine supplementation improved muscle quality parameters in juvenile grass carp. (3) Dietary creatine attenuated HFD-induced hepatic lipid accumulation through enhanced fatty acid <i>β</i>-oxidation, which was mediated by mfn2-dependent mitochondrial fusion. Notably, this study elucidates a novel molecular mechanism whereby creatine activates mitochondrial fusion through the binding of <i>pparα</i> transcription factor to specific sites on the mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) gene promoter. To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive investigation from a multi-organ/tissue perspective combined with mitochondrial dynamics analysis, providing valuable insights for developing effective nutritional strategies to counteract HFD-induced adverse effects in farmed fish through creatine supplementation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/1151656","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fish Meal Replacement in Chum Salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) Diet With Alternative Protein Sources","authors":"Buddhi E. Gunathilaka,&nbsp;Geun-Up Kim,&nbsp;Sang-Min Lee","doi":"10.1155/anu/4630480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/4630480","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Chum salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus keta</i>) is an indigenous salmonid species found in Korea. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of fish meal (FM) replacement with krill meal (KM), soy protein concentrate (SPC), meat meal (MM), and chicken byproduct meal (CBM) in chum salmon diets. A control diet was designed to contain 60% FM, 5% KM, and 8% SPC (FM60). Three diets were formulated to contain 45%, 30%, and 15% FM (FM45, FM30, and FM15). The reduced protein levels after FM replacement were supplied with a mixture of KM, SPC, MM, and CBM. Fish, averaging 5.94 ± 0.19 g, were fed four experimental diets or a commercial diet (COMF) for 6 weeks. Final body weight of fish fed FM30 and FM15 diets were significantly increased than fish fed COMF. Feed intake (FI) was significantly higher in FM60, FM45, and FM30 groups than COMF group. Condition factor (CF) was significantly higher in FM15 group compared to FM60 and COMF groups. Muscle saturated, highly unsaturated, and omega-3 fatty acids were significantly higher in COMF group compared to those of fish fed other diets. FM15 groups exhibited significantly lower EPA and DHA levels compared to FM60, FM45, and FM30 groups and significantly higher omega-6 levels compared to other groups. The results indicate that a mixture of KM, SPC, MM, and CBM can be used to replace FM in chum salmon diet down to 30%–15% while maintaining normal performance compared to diet containing 60% FM.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/4630480","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143914451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Black Soldier Fly Larvae Meals With and Without Stickwater Highly Utilized in Freshwater by Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) Parr","authors":"André S. Bogevik,&nbsp;Erika Hanson,&nbsp;Tor Andreas Samuelsen,&nbsp;Katerina Kousoulaki","doi":"10.1155/anu/8827164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/8827164","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) meal is a promising sustainable protein source for aquafeeds. Processing BSFL into meal and oil can be based on wet rendering technology where the raw material is heat treated and mechanically separated into press cake, stickwater (SW), and oil. In this study, to verify the effect of SW reincorporation into the press cake, dried BSFL cake and SW meal were included in feed mixes before extrusion. Four experimental feeds were prepared, containing 100 g kg⁻¹ BSFL meal with a cake/SW ratio of 100/0, 90/10, 80/20 and 60/40 g kg⁻¹, respectively and compared to a control feed in a trial with Atlantic salmon parr reared in freshwater. The feeds had similar nutritional value and all feeds were highly digestible. The highest content of manganese (Mn) was found in the BSFL cake feed (120 mgkg⁻¹), was reduced with increased SW inclusion and lowest in the control feed. There were no dietary differences in growth or welfare with increased SW inclusion, and no negative impact of high dietary Mn levels. The high Mn content was not accumulated in the fish, and only resulted in an increased excretion of Mn. Further studies are needed to verify these results in Atlantic salmon postsmolt.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/8827164","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143914264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benfotiamine, a Lipid-Soluble Derivative of Vitamin B1, Ameliorates the Carbohydrate Overload-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Fish Megalobrama amblycephala by Triggering the ULK1-Mediated Mitophagy","authors":"Ling Zhang,&nbsp;Chaofan He,&nbsp;Zishang Liu,&nbsp;Guangzhen Jiang,&nbsp;Wenbin Liu,&nbsp;Dingdong Zhang,&nbsp;Xiangfei Li","doi":"10.1155/anu/7688386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/7688386","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Compared with mammals, fish have a limited capability to utilize carbohydrates, thus generally suffering from metabolic disorders when offered carbohydrate-enriched diets. As a synthetic liposoluble derivative of vitamin B₁, benfotiamine can alleviate the carbohydrate overload-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in fish, but the potential mechanisms have not been well explored. The present research was performed to unveil the molecular pathways through which benfotiamine benefits the mitochondrial function of a carp species <i>Megalobrama amblycephala</i>, which often exhibits metabolic disturbances. First, a control (C, 30% carbohydrate) group, a high-carbohydrate (HC, 43% carbohydrate) group, and a HC incorporating benfotiamine (1.425 mg/kg) group were conducted, respectively, in a 12-week feeding trial. Then, two in vitro studies were performed by using primary hepatocytes. In the first one, a media treatment, a high-glucose (HG) treatment, and a HG incorporating benfotiamine were designated, respectively. In the second one, a media group, a vehicle group, a HG group, and a HG + BL-918 (the agonist of UNC-51-like kinase 1 [ULK1]) group were adopted, respectively. The results indicated that HC/HG treatment resulted in mitophagy disorder by downregulating the phosphorylation of AMPK and ULK1 and the contents of proteins involved in the PTEN-induced putative kinase protein 1 (PINK1)-Parkin pathway. Mitochondrial dysfunction was also observed, as was indicative of the reduced activities of mitochondrial complex I, III, and SDH. However, benfotiamine treatment increased the contents of P-AMPK, P-ULK1, and the PINK1-Parkin pathway-related proteins as well as mitochondrial complex activities. In conclusion, benfotiamine could trigger the ULK1-mediated mitophagy to ameliorate the carbohydrate overload-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in fish.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/7688386","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotic Effects of Arthrobacter nicotianae and Bacillus cereus on the Growth, Health, and Microbiota of Red Tilapia (Oreochromis sp.)","authors":"Remy Ntakirutimana,&nbsp;K. M. Mujeeb Rahiman,&nbsp;K. V. Neethu","doi":"10.1155/anu/6074225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/6074225","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>This study evaluated the effects of a commercial probiotic containing <i>Arthrobacter nicotianae</i> and <i>Bacillus cereus</i> on the growth performance, intestinal histological structure, body composition, hematology, and microbiota of red tilapia. Fingerlings were fed four different diets: a control diet (Pd0) and three diets (Pd1, Pd2, and Pd3) containing 15, 20, and 40 mL of probiotics/kg, respectively, for 12 weeks. Probiotic supplementation had no significant effect on water quality parameters. Compared with the control diet, all the probiotic diets improved growth performance, with greater final body weight (FBW), net weight gain (NWG), weight gain, average daily weight gain (ADWG), specific growth rate (SGR), and feed conversion efficiency (FCE). The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was lower in all probiotic-treated fish compared to control. The survival rate was also higher in the probiotic groups, though the difference was not significant. There was no significant difference in crude ash or lipid contents. However, protein content was significantly higher in Pd2 and Pd3, while moisture content (MC) was significantly higher in Pd3 than in the control group. Histological examination revealed increased villi length and width, being significantly higher in Pd2 and Pd3, while significantly greater muscular thickness and intestinal diameter were observed in Pd3-treated fish. These values increased with probiotic dose. The intestinal total viable count (TVC) was the highest in Pd2 and the lowest in the control group. The water TVC was the highest in Pd3 and the lowest in Pd0. The number of <i>Bacillus</i> spp. in the intestine and culture water increased with probiotic dose, while intestinal and culture water <i>Vibrio</i> counts decreased. Hematological analysis showed significant increases in red blood cell (RBC) count, hematocrit, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and hemoglobin (Hb) in the treated groups compared with the control. The incorporation of <i>A. nicotianae</i> and <i>B. cereus</i> at 40 mL/kg in red tilapia diets improved growth performance, intestinal health, and general welfare.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/6074225","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a Plant-Based Diet During the First Month of Feeding on Alevin Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in the Development of Tongue Sensory System Regulating Feeding Behavior","authors":"Maud Martinat,&nbsp;Amelle Varvarais,&nbsp;Cécile Heraud,&nbsp;Anne Surget,&nbsp;Anthony Lanuque,&nbsp;Frederic Terrier,&nbsp;Jérôme Roy","doi":"10.1155/anu/6690967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/6690967","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Taste perception is essential for animals to detect nutrients, providing critical dietary information necessary for growth and survival. Since the early growth performance of alevin rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) can be affected by food intake influenced by terrestrial ingredients without fish meal and fish oil, our study aimed to evaluate the role of taste receptors in nutrient detection and the associated signaling pathways leading to central nervous system activation in the regulation of feeding behavior. We conducted a nutritional experiment from the first feeding to 30 days, comparing the performance of fish fed a commercial-like diet (C diet: a blend of fish meal, fish oil, and plant ingredients) with those on a totally plant-based diet (V diet). After 5 and 30 days of feeding, fish were fasted for 16 h and then fed either the C or V diet, with sampling conducted at 20 min and 6 h post-meal. We evaluated the expression of nutrient-sensing genes related to fatty acids, amino acids, and sweetness, and taste receptor genes for flavors. Additionally, we examined calcium signaling pathways in the tongue, focusing on indolamine and catecholamine pathways, alongside appetite-regulating neuropeptides in the brain and intestinal hormones in the gut of alevins. Results indicated that fish on the V diet experienced a decrease in body weight gain starting 10 days after feeding to 30 days, along with changes in feed intake during the periods of 0–10 days and 21–30 days after the first meal. In tongue tissue, after 5 days of feeding, fish on the C diet showed a slight upregulation of nutrient taste receptors, but not those related to flavor, along with an upregulation of the calcium signaling pathway. By 30 days, there was a general upregulation of nutrient and flavor taste receptors, although the calcium signaling pathway showed less clear evidence of regulation. A significant dysregulation of the serotonin pathway, along with its degradation, was observed in the tongues of fish fed the V diet at both 5 and 30 days. For the first time in fish, catecholamine quantification levels in the tongue emerged as a potential marker for nutrient detection, with high quantification of L-DOPA after 5 days on the V diet, but much lower after 30 days. This impaired monoamine and catecholamine turnover in the tongue could be linked to a failure in activating the tongue-brain axis, potentially contributing to reduced food intake, as indicated by poorly regulated brain neuropeptides but also intestinal hormones in fish fed the V diet after 30 days. Overall, these findings demonstrate that the V diet disrupts the feeding response at an early stage, underscoring the heightened sensitivity of rainbow trout alevins’ tongue sensing systems to novel food sources during critical early development.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/6690967","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Prey Selectivity and Feeding Habits of Wels Catfish (Silurus glanis L., 1758) in a Deep Anatolian Reservoir: Seasonal, Length, and Age-Dependent Diet Analysis","authors":"Ramazan Yazici,&nbsp;Mahmut Yilmaz,&nbsp;Okan Yazicioğlu","doi":"10.1155/anu/4619857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/4619857","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Feeding habits and dietary preferences of wels catfish (<i>Silurus glanis</i>) were investigated in Sıddıklı Dam Lake through the examination of 200 individuals. The results revealed that the species predominantly exhibited piscivorous feeding characteristics, with <i>Tinca tinca</i> (IRI% = 78.93) identified as the primary food source. The food items in the stomach showed a wide spectrum, ranging from benthic invertebrates, crustaceans, molluscs, amphibians, and mammals to fishes. The study not only assessed the general food composition of wels catfish but also delved into the seasonal variations in diet composition. It was found that the stomach fullness index (FI) varied significantly among the seasons, with Winter showing the highest values (0.827). On the other hand, the lowest value was detected in the Autumn season (0.480). Age and length groups were also considered, with notable differences in stomach FI and diet composition observed across different stages of growth. Food preference analysis highlighted the selective tendencies of wels catfish towards certain food types, with <i>Atherina boyeri</i> and <i>T. tinca</i> emerging as preferred choices in different size groups. For small, medium, and large length individuals, the most preferred prey fish were <i>A. boyeri</i> (Va = 0.39518, <i>χ</i>2 = 31.2336), <i>T. tinca</i> (Va = 0.63564, <i>χ</i>2 = 82.8073) and <i>T. tinca</i> (Va = 0.666495, <i>χ</i>2 = 88.4307), respectively. The findings provide valuable insights into the feeding behaviour of wels catfish, underscoring the importance of understanding these patterns for effective management and conservation efforts. Further research should aim to explore the ecological implications of these feeding habits on the overall aquatic ecosystem.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/4619857","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143865953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of Substituting Fish Meal With Hydrolyzed Feather Meal on the Growth Performance, Immunity, and Antioxidant Capacity of Juvenile Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides)","authors":"Yanhong Zhou,&nbsp;Hualiang Liang,&nbsp;Mingchun Ren,&nbsp;Dongyu Huang,&nbsp;Jiaze Gu","doi":"10.1155/anu/6564426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/6564426","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>An 8-week breeding experiment was conducted to study the impacts of adding different levels (0%, 3.1%, 6.2%, 9.3%, 12.4%, and 15.5%) of hydrolyzed feather meal (HFM) in place of fish meal (FM) in the feed on the growth performance, immune function, and antioxidative ability of juvenile largemouth bass (<i>Micropterus salmoides</i>), with fishmeal substitution levels (FSLs) of 0% (control group; FSL0), 10% (FSL10), 20% (FSL20), 30% (FSL30), 40% (FSL40), and 50% (FSL50), respectively. The findings show that there were no notable differences observed among the different treatment groups when contrasted with FSL0. However, as the substitution level increased, final body weight (FBW), weight gain rate (WGR), and specific growth rate (SGR) declined, while the feedback coefficient rate (FCR), condition factor (CF), hepatosomatic index (HSI), and viscerosomatic index (VSI) increased. With an increase in the FSL, catalase (CAT) activity increased in all the groups and was significantly higher in the FSL20 and FSL50 groups than the control group; SOD activities in FSL40 and FSL50 significantly increased, and the plasma MDA contents in FSL40 and FSL50 significantly decreased. The gene expression levels of IL-10 and IL-8 in the groups FSL20 to FSL50 significantly decreased. When compared with <i>FSL0</i>, the gene expression levels of <i>CHOP</i> and <i>ATF6</i> were also significantly lower in the FSL10 to FSL50 groups. The overall expression level of <i>ASK1</i> was significantly reduced in the FSL20 group. Similarly, the expression level of <i>JNK1</i> was also significantly reduced in the FSL20 group. To sum up, replacing FM with HFM at 50% did not impact the growth of juvenile largemouth bass. An FSL range of 20%–50% can enhance the antioxidant capacity of largemouth bass, reduce inflammation and stress states, and have beneficial effects on the body. It is beneficial for maintaining the healthy growth of largemouth bass.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/6564426","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143856810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}