Aquaculture Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"The Effects of Dietary Fishmeal Substitution by Full-Fat and Defatted Zophobas morio Larvae Meals on Juvenile Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata): An Integrative Approach","authors":"Adamantia Asimaki,&nbsp;Pier Psofakis,&nbsp;Elli-Zafeiria Gkalogianni,&nbsp;Aikaterini-Maria Katouni,&nbsp;Panagiotis Berillis,&nbsp;Konstantinos A. Kormas,&nbsp;Christos I. Rumbos,&nbsp;Christos G. Athanassiou,&nbsp;Antigoni Vasilaki,&nbsp;Eleni Fountoulaki,&nbsp;Morgane Henry,&nbsp;Eleni Mente,&nbsp;Enric Gisbert,&nbsp;Ioannis T. Karapanagiotidis","doi":"10.1155/anu/8885509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/8885509","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>This study evaluated the dietary fishmeal substitution by full-fat (FF) and defatted (DF) <i>Zophobas morio</i> meals regarding growth, feed efficiency, proximate and fatty acid compositions, digestive enzymes activities, histology and midgut microbiota in gilthead seabream (<i>Sparus aurata</i>). Juveniles initially weighing 3.4 g were distributed to triplicate groups and fed at satiation six isonitrogenous (8.41%) and isocaloric (21 Mj/kg) diets for 100 days. An insect meal-free diet was the control (CTRL), two diets contained a FF <i>Z. morio</i> meal at 49 g/kg (FF-49) and 97 g/kg (FF-97), and three diets contained a DF <i>Z. morio</i> meal at 58 g/kg (DF-58), 116 g/kg (DF-116) and 174 g/kg (DF-174) at the expense of fishmeal. Neither the form nor the inclusion level of <i>Z. morio</i> meals affected the feed intake of fish denoting a similar acceptability to that of fishmeal. Fish survival, growth and feed efficiency were not impaired by all dietary inclusion levels of <i>Z. morio</i> meals. Proximate composition of fish was altered but without indicating a clear correlation with the form or inclusion level of <i>Z. morio</i>. Increasing inclusions of both forms of <i>Z. morio</i> meals tended to decrease 22:6n-3, 20:5n-3, 18:3n-3 and 18:2n-6 levels in fish tissues. All fish exhibited similar proteolytic enzyme activities, but the increasing inclusions of both insect meal forms led to gradual increases in the lipase and α-amylase activities indicating a compensatory mechanism for lipid and carbohydrate digestion. The use of <i>Z. morio</i> meals led to some mild histomorphological changes in the intestine and liver that were more pronounced in fish fed the FF form at the highest inclusion level. Midgut bacterial communities of the groups were similar and dominated by potentially beneficial members of <i>Saccharimonadales</i> and <i>Rhodobacteraceae</i>, except FF-97 fish that had high abundances of <i>Legionella</i>- and <i>Pandoraea</i>-like bacteria. To conclude, <i>Z. morio</i> meal, either FF or DF, is a suitable insect protein for fishmeal substitution towards more sustainable aquafeeds for <i>S. aurata</i>.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/8885509","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Mangrove (Avicennia marina) Leaf Aqueous Extract on Growth, Immunity, and Hypoxia Tolerance in Gray Mullet (Liza ramada)","authors":"Mohammed F. El Basuini,&nbsp;Esraa Roshdi,&nbsp;Tamer El-Sayed Ali,&nbsp;Salma M. Zeid,&nbsp;Ali A. Soliman,&nbsp;Mahmoud S. Gewaily,&nbsp;Islam I. Teiba,&nbsp;Mayada Alhoshy,&nbsp;Emad H. El-Bilawy,&nbsp;Islam Mamdouh,&nbsp;Akram Ismael Shehata","doi":"10.1155/anu/2381301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/2381301","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>This study evaluates the influences of dietary mangrove (<i>Avicennia marina</i>) leaf aqueous extract (MLAE) on growth, health, and stress tolerance in <i>Liza ramada</i> over an 84-day feeding assessment. Fish (initial weight: 34.89 ± 0.15 g) were served diets encompassing 0, 100, 200, 300, or 400 mg/kg MLAE. The 300 mg/kg MLAE group reached the best growth performance compared to other groups (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was also the most productive at this level. Polynomial regression identified an optimal MLAE range of 250–275 mg/kg for maximizing growth and feed efficiency. Digestive enzyme potencies (amylase, lipase, and protease) were elevated (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) in the 300 and 400 mg/kg groups. Higher MLAE levels reduced total bacterial count and populations of <i>Vibrio</i> spp. and <i>Escherichia coli</i>. Histological analysis showed enhanced intestinal villi structure and immune cell infiltration in MLAE-fed groups. Blood chemistry revealed increased total protein (TP), albumin (AB), and globulin contents and reduced cholesterol in the 200–400 mg/kg groups. MLAE improved hypoxia tolerance, indicated by increased LT50% values, and reduced stress markers (glucose, cortisol) under hypoxia. Immune indicators (lysozyme activity, bactericidal activity [BA], and NBT%) and antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT], glutathione peroxidase [GPx]) were enhanced, with lower malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. These outcomes suggest that MLAE supplementation enhances growth, health, and stress resilience in gray mullets, offering potential applications for sustainable aquaculture. Further studies should explore the mechanistic pathways underlying these benefits and assess the long-term impacts of MLAE supplementation on fish health and aquaculture productivity.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/2381301","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Replacement Impacts of Fish Meal With Corn Gluten Meal on the Growth, Feed Utilization, and Biochemical Composition of Juvenile Red Sea Bream (Pagrus major)","authors":"Tae Woong Kwon,&nbsp;Sung Hwoan Cho","doi":"10.1155/anu/8361723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/8361723","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The reliance on fish meal (FM) as the primary protein source in aquafeeds is becoming increasingly unsustainable due to overfishing and limited resources. Therefore, finding an alternative protein source for FM is a crucial issue in the research of aquafeed nutrition. Corn gluten meal (CGM) is a plant protein source commonly used in aquafeeds that has been considered a practical substitute for FM. This study is designed to evaluate the impacts of substituting FM with CGM in the feed of red sea bream (<i>Pagrus major</i>) on growth, feed utilization, and biochemical composition. Total of 600 juvenile (8.60 ± 0.011 g; initial mean body weight ± SE) fish were assigned to twelve 300 L flow-through tanks. The control (Con) diet included 55% FM. In the Con diet, 20%, 40%, and 60% of FM were replaced with CGM, identified as the CG20, CG40, and CG60 diets, respectively. Four isoproteic (51.5%) and isolipidic (14.5%) diets were prepared. All diets were supplied to triplicate groups of fish. Fish were hand-fed to satiation level twice daily for 56 days. At the completion of the 56-day feeding trial, the weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) of red sea bream fed the Con and CG20 diets were superior (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001 for both) to fish fed the CG40 and CG60 diets. WG and SGR of red sea bream linearly decreased with elevated dietary FM replacement levels (<i>Y</i> = −5.003333<i>X</i> + 38.9667, <i>R</i>² = 0.9004, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001 and <i>Y</i> = −0.002607<i>X</i> + 0.0314, <i>R</i>² = 0.9083, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001, respectively). Feed consumption (FC), protein efficiency ratio (PER), and protein retention (PR) of red sea bream fed the Con and CG20 diets were statistically (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.006, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.003, and <i>p</i> &lt; 0.004, respectively) higher than those of fish fed the CG40 and CG60 diets. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) of red sea bream fed the CG40 and CG60 diets were statistically (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0002) higher than that of fish fed the Con and CG20 diets. The hepatosomatic index (HSI) of fish fed the Con and CG20 diets was statistically (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.005) lower than that of fish fed the CG40 and CG60 diets. Neither the plasma and serum parameters nor the biochemical composition except for arginine and lysine content of the whole-body fish were statistically (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05) altered by dietary FM substitution with CGM. In conclusion, FM up to 20% could be replaced by CGM in the diet of red sea bream without bringing about negative impacts on the growth, feed utilization, biological indices (except for HSI), blood chemistry, proximate composition, amino acid (AA; except for arginine and lysine content), and fatty acid (FA) profiles.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/8361723","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Substitution of Fishmeal With Soy Protein Concentrate on Growth, Organic Damage, Antioxidant, Transcriptome, and Metabolomics in Macrobrachium rosenbergii","authors":"Li Wang,&nbsp;Qincheng Huang,&nbsp;Zhimin Gu,&nbsp;Cui Liu,&nbsp;Jia Xu,&nbsp;Yangxin Dai,&nbsp;Tiantian Ye,&nbsp;Junjun Yan,&nbsp;Jilun Meng,&nbsp;Yutong Zheng,&nbsp;Bo Liu","doi":"10.1155/anu/6541143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/6541143","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The present study investigated growth performance, body composition, hepatic and intestinal morphology, biochemical indices, transcriptomic responses, and metabolomic profiles in giant freshwater prawn (<i>Macrobrachium rosenbergii</i>) fed six kinds of soy protein concentrate (SPC) diets over an 8-week feeding trial. The six SPC diets were formulated by replacing varying proportions of fishmeal (FM) with SPC, with the final percentage of FM set at 350, 280, 210, 140, 70, and 0 g/kg, respectively, and designated as F35, F28, F21, F14, F7, and F0 diets. Results showed that the final body weight (FBW), weight gain, and specific growth rate (SGR) of prawn fed F35 were greater than those of prawn fed F7 and F0. The crude lipid content of prawn fed F0 was higher than that of prawn fed F28. Notably, increasing SPC substitution levels disrupted hepatopancreas morphology, with structural degradation becoming more pronounced beyond 40% replacement (F21). Compared to F35 group, the F0 significantly decreased the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), and increases the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) in hemolymph. Based on the transcriptomics, two differentially expressed genes (DEGs) LOC136825138 and LOC136856310 were consistently observed across all groups. The metabolomics indicated that 77 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) across all treatments. A negative correlation was observed between LOC136856310 and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), arachidonoyl dopamine, 8Z,11Z-eicosadienoic acid, and vitamin E nicotinate. A comprehensive analysis of both metabolomic and transcriptomic data sets revealed substantial perturbations associated with “alpha-linolenic acid metabolism” and “glycerophospholipid metabolism”. In conclusion, elevated levels of dietary SPC had detrimental effects on the growth performance, hepatopancreas health, antioxidant capacity, and immune function of <i>M. rosenbergii</i>. Based on the growth performance, dietary FM level for <i>M. rosenbergii</i> could be reduced to 140 g/kg by using SPC as a sole substitute, with an inclusion of 211 g/kg of SPC in the diet.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/6541143","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144100778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Dietary Lipid to Carbohydrate Ratio on Elemental Stoichiometric Relationships in Growth Phenotypes of Ruditapes Decussatus","authors":"Kristina Arranz,&nbsp;Iñaki Urrutxurtu,&nbsp;Enrique Navarro","doi":"10.1155/anu/9924742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/9924742","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Understanding the mechanisms of nutrient regulation in bivalves is crucial for optimizing their growth under varying dietary conditions. In the present work, juveniles of the carpet shell clam (<i>Ruditapes decussatus</i>) from the same cohort were size-segregated to obtain fast and slow growing phenotypes. These clams were then conditioned to diets presenting a range of lipid/carbohydrate proportions but similar carbon:nitrogen (C:N) ratios. Subsequently, experiments were conducted to determine elemental (C and N) balances in order to achieve the following aims: (a) To identify strategies of homeostatic nutrient regulation in relation to either endogenous (growth phenotype) or dietary factors and (b) to quantify the extent to which stoichiometric adjustments (at both pre- and postabsorptive levels) are accomplished throughout the successive components of elemental balances. The elemental balances of both C and N exhibited higher values under the lipid-rich diets, indicating the presence of nutritional limitations in juvenile clams fed on low lipid/carbohydrate proportion, resulting from a greater digestive imbalance of lipids in diets of low digestibility coupled to limited dietary lipid income. These nutritional limitations were more effectively managed by the fast-growing phenotype, pointing to the importance of enhanced energetic status in sustaining homeostatic nutrient regulation. The stoichiometric coupling between consumed diets and the biosynthetic requirements of growing tissues relied on postabsorptive rather than preabsorptive mechanisms, although notable discrepancies in this regard were observed between conditioning diets.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/9924742","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Dietary Protein and Lipid Level on Growth, Antioxidant, and Gene Expression of Juvenile Parabramis pekinensis","authors":"Wentao Xu,&nbsp;Ye Xu,&nbsp;Zhijing Yang,&nbsp;Yaming Feng,&nbsp;Huanhuan Huo,&nbsp;Xiaoping Miao,&nbsp;Hailong Gu","doi":"10.1155/anu/9923321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/9923321","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Unreasonable ratio of protein to lipid in feeds could affect growth, antioxidant, and related pathway genes expression. This study aimed to investigate the suitable proportion of protein to lipid in feed with <i>Parabramis pekinensis</i>. The ratio protein-lipid (<i>P</i>/<i>L)</i> indicated by G1 (2.52), G2 (3.16), G3 (4.03), G4 (5.33), G5 (7.49), and G6 (11.67), which were fed to <i>P. pekinensis</i> (80 ± 10.52 g) for 56 days. The present results showed that diets with a protein-to-lipid ratio of approximately 3.5:1 (35% protein and 10% lipid, or less) were optimal for enhancing growth parameters, including body weight, WGR, PER, VSI, HSI, SGR, and feed conversion ratio (FCR). The quadratic regression analysis of FCR and protein efficiency ratio (PER) in <i>P. pekinensis</i> showed that <i>P/L</i> ratio performed best around 5.33. As the <i>P/L</i> ratio in feeds turned down, the best growth performance appeared at about 5.33 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), which was due to the unbalanced feed protein and fat levels. Meanwhile, <i>P/L</i> in 5.33 group exerted a protective function against oxidative damage in <i>P. pekinensis</i>. In addition, the increased antioxidant capacity contributed to the growth performance of the fish in 5.33 group, which showed the connection obviously. Thus, the connection existed in target of rapamycin (TOR) and Nrf2 signaling pathway, which was downregulated when the <i>P/L</i> ratio was around 2.52 and 11.67. On the contrary, the <i>P/L</i> ratio around 5.33 could enhance the expression of <i>tor</i> and <i>s6k1</i> to improve the growth of <i>P. pekinensis</i>. In the Nrf2 signaling pathway, the expression of <i>keap1</i>, <i>sod1</i>, and <i>gpx</i> affected antioxidant ability and the <i>P/L</i> ratio from 4.03 to 7.49 could be able to balance the antioxidant capacity, maintaining in normal level of <i>P. pekinensis</i>.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/9923321","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143949928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Creatine Ameliorates the Adverse Effects of High-Fat Diet on Hepatic Lipid Metabolism via Activating Mfn2-Mediated Mitochondrial Fusion in Juvenile Grass Carp","authors":"Nan-Jun Hu,&nbsp;Guang-Li Feng,&nbsp;Xiao-Hong Lai,&nbsp;Mo Peng,&nbsp;Yu-Feng Song","doi":"10.1155/anu/1151656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/1151656","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>With the increasing prevalence of high-fat diets (HFD) in aquaculture practices, the detrimental effects of HFD on farmed fish have garnered significant attention. Creatine has emerged as a promising green feed additive for aquaculture species; however, its potential role in mitigating the negative impacts of HFD remains poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, the present study was designed to investigate the protective effects of dietary creatine supplementation on HFD-induced hepatic lipid metabolism disorders and muscle quality deterioration in juvenile grass carp (<i>Ctenopharyngodon idella</i>). Three experimental diets were formulated: a control diet (5.20% lipid, control), a HFD (8.11% lipid, HFD), and a HFD supplemented with 2% creatine (HFD + creatine). Juvenile grass carp (initial weight: 4.12 ± 0.02 g) were randomly allocated into nine 300-L indoor tanks and fed the experimental diets for 8 weeks. The key findings of this study revealed that (1) Dietary creatine supplementation significantly ameliorated the adverse effects of HFD on growth performance and feed utilization efficiency in juvenile grass carp. (2) Creatine supplementation improved muscle quality parameters in juvenile grass carp. (3) Dietary creatine attenuated HFD-induced hepatic lipid accumulation through enhanced fatty acid <i>β</i>-oxidation, which was mediated by mfn2-dependent mitochondrial fusion. Notably, this study elucidates a novel molecular mechanism whereby creatine activates mitochondrial fusion through the binding of <i>pparα</i> transcription factor to specific sites on the mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) gene promoter. To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive investigation from a multi-organ/tissue perspective combined with mitochondrial dynamics analysis, providing valuable insights for developing effective nutritional strategies to counteract HFD-induced adverse effects in farmed fish through creatine supplementation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/1151656","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fish Meal Replacement in Chum Salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) Diet With Alternative Protein Sources","authors":"Buddhi E. Gunathilaka,&nbsp;Geun-Up Kim,&nbsp;Sang-Min Lee","doi":"10.1155/anu/4630480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/4630480","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Chum salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus keta</i>) is an indigenous salmonid species found in Korea. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of fish meal (FM) replacement with krill meal (KM), soy protein concentrate (SPC), meat meal (MM), and chicken byproduct meal (CBM) in chum salmon diets. A control diet was designed to contain 60% FM, 5% KM, and 8% SPC (FM60). Three diets were formulated to contain 45%, 30%, and 15% FM (FM45, FM30, and FM15). The reduced protein levels after FM replacement were supplied with a mixture of KM, SPC, MM, and CBM. Fish, averaging 5.94 ± 0.19 g, were fed four experimental diets or a commercial diet (COMF) for 6 weeks. Final body weight of fish fed FM30 and FM15 diets were significantly increased than fish fed COMF. Feed intake (FI) was significantly higher in FM60, FM45, and FM30 groups than COMF group. Condition factor (CF) was significantly higher in FM15 group compared to FM60 and COMF groups. Muscle saturated, highly unsaturated, and omega-3 fatty acids were significantly higher in COMF group compared to those of fish fed other diets. FM15 groups exhibited significantly lower EPA and DHA levels compared to FM60, FM45, and FM30 groups and significantly higher omega-6 levels compared to other groups. The results indicate that a mixture of KM, SPC, MM, and CBM can be used to replace FM in chum salmon diet down to 30%–15% while maintaining normal performance compared to diet containing 60% FM.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/4630480","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143914451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Black Soldier Fly Larvae Meals With and Without Stickwater Highly Utilized in Freshwater by Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) Parr","authors":"André S. Bogevik,&nbsp;Erika Hanson,&nbsp;Tor Andreas Samuelsen,&nbsp;Katerina Kousoulaki","doi":"10.1155/anu/8827164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/8827164","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) meal is a promising sustainable protein source for aquafeeds. Processing BSFL into meal and oil can be based on wet rendering technology where the raw material is heat treated and mechanically separated into press cake, stickwater (SW), and oil. In this study, to verify the effect of SW reincorporation into the press cake, dried BSFL cake and SW meal were included in feed mixes before extrusion. Four experimental feeds were prepared, containing 100 g kg⁻¹ BSFL meal with a cake/SW ratio of 100/0, 90/10, 80/20 and 60/40 g kg⁻¹, respectively and compared to a control feed in a trial with Atlantic salmon parr reared in freshwater. The feeds had similar nutritional value and all feeds were highly digestible. The highest content of manganese (Mn) was found in the BSFL cake feed (120 mgkg⁻¹), was reduced with increased SW inclusion and lowest in the control feed. There were no dietary differences in growth or welfare with increased SW inclusion, and no negative impact of high dietary Mn levels. The high Mn content was not accumulated in the fish, and only resulted in an increased excretion of Mn. Further studies are needed to verify these results in Atlantic salmon postsmolt.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/8827164","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143914264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benfotiamine, a Lipid-Soluble Derivative of Vitamin B1, Ameliorates the Carbohydrate Overload-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Fish Megalobrama amblycephala by Triggering the ULK1-Mediated Mitophagy","authors":"Ling Zhang,&nbsp;Chaofan He,&nbsp;Zishang Liu,&nbsp;Guangzhen Jiang,&nbsp;Wenbin Liu,&nbsp;Dingdong Zhang,&nbsp;Xiangfei Li","doi":"10.1155/anu/7688386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/7688386","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Compared with mammals, fish have a limited capability to utilize carbohydrates, thus generally suffering from metabolic disorders when offered carbohydrate-enriched diets. As a synthetic liposoluble derivative of vitamin B₁, benfotiamine can alleviate the carbohydrate overload-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in fish, but the potential mechanisms have not been well explored. The present research was performed to unveil the molecular pathways through which benfotiamine benefits the mitochondrial function of a carp species <i>Megalobrama amblycephala</i>, which often exhibits metabolic disturbances. First, a control (C, 30% carbohydrate) group, a high-carbohydrate (HC, 43% carbohydrate) group, and a HC incorporating benfotiamine (1.425 mg/kg) group were conducted, respectively, in a 12-week feeding trial. Then, two in vitro studies were performed by using primary hepatocytes. In the first one, a media treatment, a high-glucose (HG) treatment, and a HG incorporating benfotiamine were designated, respectively. In the second one, a media group, a vehicle group, a HG group, and a HG + BL-918 (the agonist of UNC-51-like kinase 1 [ULK1]) group were adopted, respectively. The results indicated that HC/HG treatment resulted in mitophagy disorder by downregulating the phosphorylation of AMPK and ULK1 and the contents of proteins involved in the PTEN-induced putative kinase protein 1 (PINK1)-Parkin pathway. Mitochondrial dysfunction was also observed, as was indicative of the reduced activities of mitochondrial complex I, III, and SDH. However, benfotiamine treatment increased the contents of P-AMPK, P-ULK1, and the PINK1-Parkin pathway-related proteins as well as mitochondrial complex activities. In conclusion, benfotiamine could trigger the ULK1-mediated mitophagy to ameliorate the carbohydrate overload-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in fish.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/7688386","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}