Aquaculture Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Oils in Aquafeeds: Mechanistic Perspectives on Growth Promotion, Immunomodulation, and Stress Resilience.","authors":"Mustafa Öz, Enes Üstüner, Sümmani Çifci","doi":"10.1155/anu/8992384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/8992384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aquaculture industry is increasingly transitioning toward sustainable aquafeeds, driven by the economic and environmental necessity to replace marine-derived fishmeal and fish oil with plant- and insect-based alternatives. This nutritional shift introduces physiological challenges, accelerating the search for natural, sustainable functional additives. The primary goal of this review is to comprehensively evaluate the application of medicinal and aromatic plant oils (MAPOs) in aquafeeds, providing mechanistic perspectives on their roles in growth promotion, immunomodulation, and stress resilience. We synthesize current literature to link MAPO chemical composition, particularly phenolic monoterpenes and phenylpropenes, with biological responses, advanced delivery systems, and metabolic pathways. Key findings demonstrate that MAPOs can effectively stimulate appetite, modulate the gut microbiome, and enhance antioxidant defenses via the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway, thereby improving disease resistance. However, a critical limitation in the current literature is the high variability and inconsistent outcomes reported across different aquatic species and developmental stages. These discrepancies are largely attributed to strong chemotypic variability of essential oils, unstandardized extraction protocols, and dose-dependent responses that can sometimes yield neutral or suppressive effects. To successfully transition MAPOs from experimental trials to reliable commercial applications, future research must prioritize standardized dose-response evaluations, address species-specific variability, and utilize advanced formulation technologies such as nanoemulsions.</p>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2026 ","pages":"8992384"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13139961/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147832922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal Dietary Lipid Requirement for Juvenile Leopard Coral Grouper (<i>Plectropomus leopardus</i>).","authors":"Xiangqin Lin, Yixiong Cao, Xiaoxue Meng, Shiwei Xie, Shuyan Chi, Shuang Zhang, Beiping Tan, Junming Deng","doi":"10.1155/anu/9438737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/9438737","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Leopard coral grouper (<i>Plectropomus leopardus</i>) is a high-value marine species increasingly produced under intensive farming conditions; however, its dietary lipid requirement remains poorly defined, hindering the development of cost-effective formulated feeds. This study aimed to determine the optimal dietary lipid level for juvenile <i>P. leopardus</i> by assessing growth performance, hepatic lipid metabolism, and antioxidant capacity in response to graded lipid inclusion. Juveniles (initial body weight [IBW]: 13.94 ± 0.07 g) were fed six isonitrogenous diets (53% crude protein) containing 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 14%, or 16% lipid for 9 weeks (three replicate tanks per diet; 27 fish per tank). Weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) increased with dietary lipid up to 10% and then declined. Intestinal lipase activity increased with dietary lipid level. Dietary lipid at 8%-12% improved hepatic lipid metabolic balance, as indicated by reduced activities of lipogenic enzymes (malate dehydrogenase [MDH], glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase [G6PD], and fatty acid synthase [FAS]) and increased lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Dietary lipid at 8%-12% also enhanced antioxidant defenses, reflected by higher glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in serum, liver, and hindgut, without an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA). In contrast, high-lipid diets (14%-16%) induced hepatic lipid metabolic imbalance followed by pronounced hepatic lipid deposition (histological staining and increased hepatic crude lipid; <i>p</i> < 0.05), elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities, and significantly increased MDA levels in serum, liver, and hindgut (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while antioxidant enzyme activities tended to decrease, indicating heightened oxidative stress. Overall, growth performance was highest at ~10% dietary lipid under the present experimental conditions, and quadratic regression analysis suggested an approximate optimum near 9.3%. Moderate dietary lipid (8%-12%) promoted growth by improving hepatic lipid metabolism and antioxidant capacity, whereas excessive lipid inclusion (≥14%) induced excessive hepatic lipid accumulation and oxidative damage in <i>P. leopardus</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9438737"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13137126/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147832869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Supplementation With CoQ10 and Sel-Plex Mitigates the Effects of Elevated Water Temperature on Performance, Digestive Physiology, Immune Competence, and Antioxidant Balance in Rainbow Trout.","authors":"Mohammad Hossein Dadfar, Ahmad Imani, Arya Vazirzadeh, Kourosh Sarvi Moghanlou, Faezeh Jamali","doi":"10.1155/anu/3450813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/3450813","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>Elevated water temperatures can impair fish growth, immunity, and physiological performance. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and organic selenium (O-Se; Sel-Plex) supplementation on growth, digestive enzymes, innate immunity, antioxidant capacity, and the expression of stress- and immune-related genes (<i>hsp70-α</i> and <i>il-1β</i>) in the liver of rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) under thermal stress, measured using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) with β-actin as the reference gene.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 225 rainbow trout (21 ± 0.5 g) were stocked in 150-L recirculating tanks at either optimal (15°C) or elevated (20°C) water temperatures. Fish were fed diets supplemented with CoQ10 (0 or 20 mg/kg) and/or Sel-Plex (0 or 5 mg/kg) for 60 days. Growth indices, digestive enzyme activity, hepatic antioxidant capacity, immune parameters, and the expression of <i>hsp70-α</i> and <i>il-1β</i> were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Elevated temperature significantly reduced growth, feed efficiency, and immune status. Dietary supplementation with CoQ10 or O-Se improved hepatic antioxidant capacity, digestive enzyme activity, and innate immunity, with the greatest effects observed when both supplements were combined. Cosupplementation also mitigated heat-induced upregulation of HSP70-α and IL-1β and reduced liver malondialdehyde (MDA) levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Combined dietary CoQ10 and O-Se supplementation alleviate the adverse effects of elevated water temperatures on rainbow trout by enhancing growth, physiological performance, antioxidant defenses, and immune responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2026 ","pages":"3450813"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13131069/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147809358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Lycium barbarum</i> Polysaccharides Alleviate High-Fat Diet-Induced Lipid Metabolism Disorder in <i>Takifugu obscurus</i>.","authors":"Shenglin Yue, Fuqiang Wang, Zixiang Lin, Yiyang Huang, Tinghao Ma, Yingkang Sun, Yuzhe Han, Tongjun Ren, Xiaoran Zhao, Xiuli Wang","doi":"10.1155/anu/9289590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/9289590","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Excessive dietary fat intake disrupts lipid metabolism and induces oxidative stress and inflammation in aquatic species, impairing growth and health. In <i>Takifugu obscurus</i>, a widely cultivated fish species in China, fat predominantly accumulates in the liver, making this species particularly susceptible to hepatic lipid metabolism disorders. <i>Lycium barbarum</i> polysaccharides (LBPs), as a biologically active macromolecule, are capable of regulating lipid metabolism. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the regulatory effects of dietary LBP supplementation on lipid metabolism, hepatic function, intestinal microbiota, and metabolomic profiles in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed <i>T. obscurus</i>. A control diet comprising 80 g/kg fat and five HFDs (150 g/kg fat) supplemented with 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 g/kg LBP was administered to 630 juvenile <i>T. obscurus</i> individuals for 56 days. Serum biochemistry, hepatic antioxidant indices, gene expression, intestinal microbiota, and liver metabolomics were analyzed. HFD feeding significantly increased serum triglyceride (TG), total bile acid (TBA), total cholesterol (TCHO), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) levels while decreasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) levels. Conversely, LBP supplementation significantly reversed these effects and improved the antioxidant capacity. LBP supplementation resulted in the downregulation of lipid synthesis and inflammatory gene expression and upregulation of lipid catabolism and antioxidant genes. Microbial and metabolomic analyses indicated that LBP supplementation restored gut microbial balance, enhanced diversity, and normalized bile acid and glycerophospholipid metabolism, exhibiting the most pronounced effects at a dose of 1.5 g/kg. In conclusion, LBP effectively mitigates HFD-induced lipid metabolism disorders in <i>T. obscurus</i>. Furthermore, based on the strong correlations observed between the gut microbiota and differential metabolites, we speculate that the gut-liver axis may play a potential role in the regulatory effects of LBP, providing valuable clues for further investigation into the underlying molecular mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9289590"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13126255/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147809948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial Single-Cell Proteins as Sustainable Aquafeeds: A Meta-Analysis of Growth, Physiological Homeostasis, and Antioxidant Capacity.","authors":"Muziri Mugwanya, Fahad Kimera, Hani Sewilam","doi":"10.1155/anu/4548847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/4548847","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In aquaculture nutrition, alternative protein sources, such as those derived from bacteria, have recently garnered significant attention as safe and viable replacements for traditional protein sources, including fish meal (FM) and soybean meal (SBM). This is attributed to their rich protein content and a well-balanced amino acid profile that is comparable to that of FM. Likewise, their ease to be grown on industrial by-products or gas fermentation warrants a continuous supply. Given their global importance in aquaculture nutrition and health, this study was conducted to quantify the overall effect of dietary inclusion of bacterial single-cell proteins (BSCPs) on the specific growth rate (SGR), feed efficiency ratio (feed conversion ratio [FCR]), survival rate (SR), hepatosomatic index (HSI), viscerosomatic index (VSI), and biochemical responses (alanine aminotransferase [ALT], aspartate aminotransferase [AST], superoxide dismutase [SOD], and catalase [CAT] enzymatic activities) in several aquaculture species. Hedge's <i>g</i> was computed to quantify the primary outcomes. Furthermore, the influence of several moderators, such as BSCP source, aquaculture species, and habitat, on Hedge's <i>g</i> effect sizes was determined by a mixed-effects model. Except for the SR, the results indicated nonstatistically significant differences in SGR, FCR, HSI, VSI, ALT, AST, SOD, and CAT between the BSCP treatment groups and the control, and this was uniform among carnivorous, omnivorous, and herbivorous species. The results of the mixed-effects model revealed that the BSCP source and aquaculture species influenced the observed effect sizes of SOD and CAT. Similarly, BSCP source and habitat influenced the observed effect sizes for VSI. Overall, depending on the inclusion level, BSCPs are a safe and viable alternative to FM or SBMs, and their inclusion in aquaculture diets offers significant benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2026 ","pages":"4548847"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13110275/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147760371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Effects of Dry and Wet Aging on Quality, Flavor Development, and Metabolomic Profiles in Grouper Fillets.","authors":"Qin-Shan Yu, Hsiu-Ming Liu, Huey-Jine Chai, Hsin-Hui Su, Yung-Tsung Chen","doi":"10.1155/anu/3310290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/3310290","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aging techniques are widely used to enhance meat quality; however, they are seldom applied to fish. This study investigated the effects of low-temperature dry and wet aging on the quality, flavor development, and metabolomic profiles of grouper (<i>Epinephelus lanceolatus</i> × <i>E. fuscoguttatus</i>) fillets. The fish fillets were aged at 2°C ± 1°C for 8 days, with samples collected every 2 days. Dry-aged fillets showed progressive dehydration and weight loss but improved water-holding capacity (WHC) and reduced cooking loss. By contrast, wet-aged fillets retained moisture but had higher cooking loss. Both methods showed initial pH increases followed by declines. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) increased during aging but remained within acceptable limits. Dry-aged fillets had the highest free amino acid (FAA) content on day 4, with glutamic acid and arginine as major contributors. Inosinic acid significantly increased on day 2, supporting flavor improvement. Metabolomic analysis identified mannitol and pyridoxine as characteristic metabolites in dry aging and L-aspartate and pyroglutamic acid in wet aging. Our results indicated that both aging processes induce distinct metabolic pathways that contribute to flavor enhancement, alterations in the nutritional profile, and potential risks related to oxidative deterioration and food safety. In conclusion, aging improved grouper fillet quality through distinct biochemical mechanisms that promote the formation of flavor compounds. These findings demonstrate that aging is a promising approach for accelerating flavor development and value to fish products.</p>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2026 ","pages":"3310290"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13106227/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147760388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soy Protein Concentrate Dietary Substitution and <i>Bacillus coagulans</i> Supplementation Influence the Growth Performance, Digestive Enzyme Activity, Antioxidant Capacity, Gene Expression, and Gut Microbiota of Hybrid Grouper (<i>Epinephelus fuscoguttatus</i>♀ × <i>Epinephelus lanceolatus</i>♂).","authors":"Yirong Yuan, Zhen Zhang, Danlu Sun, Qi Liu, Li Wang, Yonggan Chen","doi":"10.1155/anu/4176337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/4176337","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the effects of soy protein concentrate (SPC) substitution for fish meal and dietary supplementation of <i>Bacillus coagulans</i> on the growth performance and biochemical responses of juvenile hybrid grouper (<i>Epinephelus fuscoguttatus</i>♀ × <i>Epinephelus lanceolatus</i>♂). Three experimental diets were designed, including 0% SPC substituting fish meal (NSPC0), 25% SPC substituting fish meal (NSPC25), and 25% SPC substituting fish meal supplemented <i>B. coagulans</i> to 10⁸ CFU/g (BSPC25). As a result, BSPC25 significantly improved the final body weight (FBW), specific growth rate (SGR), weight gain rate (WGR), and condition factor (CF). Compared with NSPC0, BSPC25 significantly elevated the liver expression level of rapamycin target (TOR) gene, and NSPC25 and BSPC25 notably increased the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the liver. However, there was no significant difference in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, gut microbiota α-diversity, and β-diversity. In summary, 25% SPC substitution of fish meal together with <i>B. coagulans</i> dietary supplementation can significantly improve the fish growth performance by upregulating the TOR gene expression, providing important insights into the development of low-fish meal diets for hybrid grouper.</p>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2026 ","pages":"4176337"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13100649/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147760442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of L-Arginine to Meet the Dietary Requirement of Juvenile Coho Salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus kisutch</i>).","authors":"Leyong Yu, Abdur Rahman, Hairui Yu, Govindhrajan Sattanathan, Lingyao Li, Maida Mushtaq, Muhammad Younus, Muhammad Khan, Muhammad Uzair Akhtar","doi":"10.1155/anu/6614910","DOIUrl":"10.1155/anu/6614910","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current study aimed to determine the dietary L-arginine requirements of Coho salmon by evaluating key performance indicators, including growth rate, feed efficiency, nitrogen retention, and body composition. A total of 1800 juvenile coho salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus kisutch</i>) (initial weight: 0.32 ± 0.01 g) were randomly assigned to six isonitrogenous and isoenergetic dietary treatments containing different L-arginine levels, with three replicates per group (100 fish per 240 L tank) by following a completely randomized design. The L-arginine supplementation levels were 0% (D-1), 0.50% (D-2), 1% (D-3), 1.50% (D-4), 2% (D-5), and 2.50% (D-6) of the feed, resulting in cumulative dietary arginine concentrations of 2.18%, 2.60%, 2.97%, 3.41%, 3.79%, and 4.16% in the feed, respectively. Following a 14-day acclimatization period, the feeding trial was conducted for 84 days. The survival rates were similar across the groups (<i>p</i> > 0.05). However, growth performance parameters, including body weight gain and specific growth rates (SGRs), were increased with dietary arginine levels (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Arginine supplementation of 1% was the best compared with other levels in terms of feed conversion ratio (FCR) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The group fed on the D-3 level had the highest protein efficiency ratio (1.61 ± 0.03), which differed significantly from D-1 (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Body protein deposition (BPD) was also highest in D-3 (23.93 ± 0.50%), with significant differences between lower and higher dietary L-arginine levels (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Fish in the D-1 and D-2 groups exhibited significantly lower whole-body arginine levels than other treatments. Lysine content was considerably higher in the D-3 and D-4 fed groups, and valine content was significantly higher in the D-3 group than D-1 and D-2 groups (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while other essential amino acid levels remained unaffected (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The quadratic regression analysis revealed that the estimated cumulative total dietary L-arginine requirement for optimal FCR, SGR, BPD, and protein efficiency ratio of coho salmon was 3.29%, 3.19%, 3.33%, and 3.26%, respectively. Based on the findings, dietary supplementation with L-arginine at an optimal level of ~1% significantly enhances growth performance, feed conversion efficiency, protein utilization, and the deposition of essential amino acids, particularly arginine, lysine, and valine, in juvenile salmon. However, supplementation beyond this level yields diminishing benefits, likely due to metabolic saturation or feedback regulation mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2026 ","pages":"6614910"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13089198/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147721811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioenhancement of Moina cf. macrocopa With Probiotics: Improving Biomass Production and Nutritional Quality in Chlorella-Based Cultures","authors":"Rubén Alonso Contreras-Tapia,&nbsp;María Elena Castellanos-Páez,&nbsp;S. Nandini,&nbsp;Manuel Castillo-Rivera,&nbsp;Marcela Ivonne Benítez-Díaz Mirón,&nbsp;Gabriela Garza-Mouriño","doi":"10.1155/anu/5334304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/5334304","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A critical bottleneck in the growth and survival of freshwater fish larvae is the availability of nutritious live feed. The cladoceran, <i>Moina</i> cf. <i>macrocopa</i>, is suitable for aquaculture due to its high population growth rate and adequate nutritional value. This study evaluated the effect of the commercial probiotic NanoCrusta (1 × 10⁶ CFU/mL) on the biomass and nutritional quality of <i>M</i>. cf. <i>macrocopa</i> cultured in conjunction with <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i>. Experimental units (200 L) were supplemented with probiotics or maintained as controls, and population dynamics, proximate composition, and fatty acid profiles were assessed over 19 days. Probiotic supplements significantly increased <i>M</i>. cf. <i>macrocopa</i> density, with maximum density reaching 13.20 ± 0.7 ind/mL compared to 11.44 ± 0.8 ind/mL in controls. The total biomass and protein content were significantly higher in the probiotic treatment than in controls, while the lipid content was not significantly affected. Individual fatty acids varied moderately, but the total saturated fraction did not change significantly. There was an increase in monounsaturated fatty acids (∑MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (∑PUFA). Water quality parameters remained stable and were unaffected by probiotic supplementation. These results indicate that probiotics bioenhanced both biomass production and protein accretion in <i>M</i>. cf. <i>macrocopa</i>, without compromising lipid content, and do not affect water quality. Probiotic-enhanced <i>M</i>. cf. <i>macrocopa</i> cultured with <i>C. vulgaris</i> provides a nutritionally superior live feed that meets the protein, lipid, and fatty acid requirements of freshwater fish larvae. Probiotic bioenhancement is, therefore, an effective strategy to improve the quantity and quality of cladoceran live feed in aquaculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/5334304","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147715295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Farmed Sea Lettuce (Ulva fenestrata) as a Promising Ingredient for Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)","authors":"Marica Andersson,&nbsp;Niklas Warwas,&nbsp;James Hinchcliffe,&nbsp;Elin Johansson,&nbsp;Jonathan A. C. Roques,&nbsp;Pontus Gunnarsson,&nbsp;Kristoffer Stedt,&nbsp;Sophie Steinhagen,&nbsp;Henrik Pavia,&nbsp;Kristina Sundell","doi":"10.1155/anu/8112247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/8112247","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Introducing novel and sustainable feed ingredients is essential to improve the environmental impact of fish aquaculture. Some species of seaweed, such as the green alga sea lettuce (<i>Ulva fenestrata</i>), constitute a promising novel ingredient due to their suitable amino acid profile and favourable growth traits. However, the effects of farmed <i>Ulva</i> in feed for cold-water salmonids have not yet been studied. Here we show that rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) growth was improved by including <i>Ulva</i> meal in the feed while maintaining intestinal health and fish welfare. The study lasted for 12 weeks, and experimental diets included a control feed, and two feeds with 3% and 15% <i>Ulva</i> meal, respectively. The growth rate was highest for fish given the 15% <i>Ulva</i> diet during the first 6 weeks and the 3% <i>Ulva</i> diet for the last 6 weeks. This was likely due to an increased feed intake (FI) and improved palatability resulting from the inclusion of <i>Ulva</i>. Analysis of intestinal health parameters, primary barrier function and histomorphology, revealed no impaired barrier or inflammatory responses to any of the diets. Similarly, other primary and secondary stress indicators including plasma cortisol levels and oxidative stress markers in the liver and muscle tissues, were unaffected by dietary treatments. Interestingly, the fillet colour became more yellow with increased <i>Ulva</i> inclusion, which could affect the acceptance of the product to customers. Nevertheless, the results demonstrate that sea-farmed <i>Ulva</i> can contribute to improving the sustainability of future aquafeeds for rainbow trout.</p>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/8112247","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147715278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}