Aquaculture Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Unraveling the Potential of Black Soldier Fly Larvae as a Sustainable Protein Source for Nile Tilapia Production in Diverse Aquaculture Systems.","authors":"Jonathan Munguti, Mavindu Muthoka, Jimmy B Mboya, Domitila Kyule, Menaga Meenakshisundaram, Chrysantus M Tanga","doi":"10.1155/anu/3598843","DOIUrl":"10.1155/anu/3598843","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aquaculture plays a critical role in global food security, with Nile tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) recognized for its adaptability and robust growth. However, traditional feeds, heavily reliant on fishmeal (FM) and soybean meal, face economic and environmental challenges. In response, black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFLM) has emerged as a promising, nutrient-dense alternative. This review synthesizes existing literature on BSFLM's nutritional profile and its suitability for Nile tilapia diets, while acknowledging that the data come from diverse independent studies conducted under varying environmental conditions and husbandry practices. BSFLM consistently provides high-quality protein (29.9%-48.2%), aligning with tilapia's requirements, and is rich in essential minerals and fatty acids. While its lipid content (25.69%-28.43%) may require processing adjustments, the overall profile supports tilapia health and growth. Trends from case studies suggest that certain systems, such as hapas placed in ponds, have reported favorable growth and feed conversion efficiencies at 50% FM replacement levels. However, these findings cannot be directly compared across all studies due to differences in methodologies, culture conditions, and inclusion rates. Instead, they collectively indicate that BSFLM can effectively replace traditional protein sources and enhance sustainability. As research and production scale up, careful consideration of context, system design, and feed formulations will be essential. Collaborative efforts among researchers, industry, and policymakers will further refine the use of BSFLM, ultimately advancing the environmental and economic sustainability of Nile tilapia aquaculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 ","pages":"3598843"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11759566/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143045269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Substituting Soybean Meal With Winged Bean on Growth, Physiological Function and Flesh Quality of Indian Butter Catfish (<i>Ompok bimaculatus</i>).","authors":"Jaya Angom, Soibam Khogen Singh, Ayam Gangarani Devi, Pronob Das, Pradyut Biswas, Gusheinzed Waikhom, Soibam Ngasotter, Reshmi Debbarma, Sourabh Debbarma, Nitesh Kumar Yadav","doi":"10.1155/anu/9959405","DOIUrl":"10.1155/anu/9959405","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soybean meal (SBM) remains a primary protein source in aquafeeds. This study investigated the potential of winged bean (<i>Psophocarpus tetragonolobus</i>) meal as a SBM replacement in diets for butter catfish (<i>Ompok bimaculatus</i>) juveniles (mean weight: 1.24 ± 0.23 g). A response surface methodology (RSM) optimized processing conditions to minimize antinutritional factors (ANFs) in winged bean meal (WBM), resulting in minimized tannin (4.14 ± 0.018 mg/g at 40 min, 110°C), phytate (0.414 ± 0.0009 mg/g at 31.67 min, 104.5°C) and trypsin inhibitor activity (70.8 ± 0.06% inhibition at 20 min, 90°C). Experimental diets containing 30% crude protein and varying levels of WBM substitution (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) were fed for 70 days. Growth performance, measured by weight gain, was significantly higher in the 25% substitution group (<i>p</i> < 0.05) but not significantly different from the control at 50% substitution. Quadratic regression analysis predicted an optimal inclusion level of 15.10% for maximizing weight gain. Survival rates did not differ significantly among treatments (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Feed utilization was most efficient in the 25% substitution group. Haematological and immunological parameters indicated improved fish health at the 25% substitution level. Flesh quality attributes, including texture profile analysis, pH and antioxidant activity, were superior in the 25% group compared to other treatments. However, colour enhancement was more pronounced at higher inclusion levels (≥50%). While flesh pH and antioxidant activity suggested potential stress at higher winged bean inclusion levels, the 25% group showed improved values compared to the control. These findings suggest that WBM can potentially replace up to 50% of SBM in butter catfish diets, offering a promising alternative protein source. This study provides preliminary data on the feasibility and prospects of utilizing WBM in <i>O. bimaculatus</i> diets.</p>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9959405"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756947/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143027810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and Evaluation of Potential Use of Prebiotics-Utilizing Butyrate-Producing Bacteria in <i>Nibea coibor</i>.","authors":"Zhongzhen Li, Ngoc Tuan Tran, Ming Zhang, Zhaoxi Li, Wanying Yang, Shuqi Wang, Zhong Hu, Shengkang Li","doi":"10.1155/anu/4679037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/4679037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Butyrate-producing bacteria (BPB) benefit the health of aquatic animals. This current study aimed to isolate BPB from the intestines of <i>Nibea coibor</i> and assess their probiotic potential. The results showed that nine isolates were obtained in vitro from the gut of <i>N. coibor</i>, including six <i>Clostridium butyricum</i>, two <i>Proteocatella sphenisci</i>, and one <i>Fusobacterium varium</i>. The representative bacteria, <i>C. butyricum</i> CG-3 and <i>P. sphenisci</i> DG-1, which produce high butyrate levels, were further studied for short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and antibiotic susceptibility. The effects of BPB singly (CB: basal diet + CG-3 and PS: basal diet + DG-1, at 10⁷ CFU/g) or in combination with galactooligosaccharides (GOS) (0.5%) and inulin (0.5%) (CBIG) or D-sorbitol (0.5%) (PSGS) on the growth and health status of <i>N. coibor</i> were investigated. Results showed an increase in growth parameters in the CB, CBIG, and PSGS groups, except for the PS group. Alterations in intestinal microbiota (including diversity, abundance, and function) were observed in four experimental groups (CB, CBIG, PS, and PSGS groups). SCFA contents increased in treated groups; butyrate production was positively related to bacterial abundance. Compared to control, levels of complement C3, complement C4, immunoglobulin M (IgM), transforming growth factor-<i>β</i> (TGF-<i>β</i>), interleukin (IL)-10, IL-1<i>β</i>, and lysozyme (LZM) increased, while malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased in treated groups. Contents of IL-6 (PS and PSGS groups), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-<i>α</i>) (CB, PS, and PSGS groups), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) (CB and PS groups), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) (PS group), catalase (CAT) (CB and PSGS groups), and activities of amylase (PS and PSGS groups), trypsin (CB group), and lipase (CBIG group) were increased. Our results suggested the potential use of <i>C. butyricum</i> CG-1 or <i>P. sphenisci</i> DG-1 singly or in combination with prebiotics improved growth and health conditions in <i>N. coibor</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 ","pages":"4679037"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11742079/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"L-Carnitine Improves Muscle Nutrient Metabolism and Intestinal Health in High-Fat-Fed Carp (<i>Cyprinus carpio</i>).","authors":"Xianglin Cao, Rongjie Yuan, Yi Guo, Mengtao Jia, Yinyin Wei, Jiameng Zhou, Han Cui, Baohua Li, Jianjun Chen","doi":"10.1155/anu/5623889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/5623889","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>L-Carnitine is widely recognized for its involvement in lipid metabolism, but its effects on muscle quality and gut health in carp have not been well studied. The research aimed to investigate how L-carnitine influences muscle quality and intestinal health in high-fat-fed carp. The study was separated into four groups that received either the standard diet, a high-fat diet (HFD), or a HFD supplemented with 500 mg/kg L-carnitine (LLC), or a HFD supplemented with 1000 mg/kg L-carnitine (HLC) for 56 days. L-Carnitine was found to significantly reduce blood lipid levels. In addition, L-carnitine increased the crude protein content and decreased the crude fat content of high-fat-fed carp muscle while improving muscle fiber morphology and muscle quality. L-Carnitine increased the expression of genes related to intestinal tight junction proteins (<i>claudin-2</i>, <i>occludin</i>, and <i>zo-1</i>), improved the expression of genes related to intestinal inflammation, and enhanced the physical barrier function and organization of the intestine. Analysis of intestinal flora and intestinal metabolites showed that L-carnitine increased the diversity of the intestinal flora, increased the abundance of <i>Cetobacterium</i>, and influenced intestinal levels of bile acids, arachidonic acid, and tryptophan-related metabolites. In conclusion, supplementation with 1000 mg/kg L-carnitine improved muscle quality and intestinal health significantly in high-fat-fed carp by regulating muscle nutrient metabolism and intestinal flora.</p>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 ","pages":"5623889"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11737909/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Probiotic Effects on the Growth Performance and Microbiome of Nile Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) in a High-Density Biofloc System.","authors":"Beatriz P N Oliveira, Uthpala Padeniya, Jacob W Bledsoe, D Allen Davis, Mark R Liles, Aya S Hussain, Daniel E Wells, Timothy J Bruce","doi":"10.1155/anu/5868806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/5868806","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biofloc technology is an aquaculture production system that has gained popularity with tilapia production. Probiotics provide benefits for the host and/or aquatic environments by both regulating and modulating microbial communities and their metabolites. When a probiotic feed is combined with a biofloc system, the production amount may be improved through better fish growth, disease resistance, and/or improved water quality by reducing organic matter and stabilizing metrics such as pH and components of the nitrogen cycle. Two research trials measured Nile tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) growth performance and composition of the microbial communities in the water and within the fish fecal material, following feeding with top-coated probiotic treatments. Trial A incorporated tilapia (71.4 ± 4.4 g), and a commercial diet (Control) that was top coated with either <i>Bacillus velenzensis</i> AP193 (AP193; 1 × 10⁷ CFU g¹) and BiOWiSH Feedbuilder Syn3 (BW; 3.6 × 10⁴ CFU g^-1). In Trial B, juvenile tilapia (5.34 ± 0.42 g) were fed treatment diets top coated with two different concentrations of BiOWiSH Feedbuilder Syn3 at final concentrations of 3.6 × 10⁴ CFU g^-1 (BWx1) and 7.2 × 10⁴ CFU g^-1 (BWx2). Tilapia were offered commercial feed (38% protein floating tilapia feed) as a control diet for both trials. Results from both growth trials indicated no differences in growth performance due to the probiotic additions, except for feed conversion ratio (FCR) in Trial B. Both BWx1 and BWx2 showed improved survival, water quality, solids management, and bacterial composition of water and fecal matter. Even though growth performance results presented no significant differences, results could differ based on the probiotic concentration, the route of probiotic administration, or their impact on the microbial community of the biofloc system culture water. Trial results indicated that testing on a larger scale with varied probiotic doses may be necessary to achieve an effective dosage for improving tilapia growth performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 ","pages":"5868806"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11735063/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Short-Term Stress and Interaction of Salinity and Ammonia-N Levels, Associated With Food Deprivation on Fatty Acid Profile and Body Composition in Nile Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>).","authors":"Eisa Ebrahimi, Javad Motamedi-Tehrani, Rahim Peyghan","doi":"10.1155/anu/8840365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/8840365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High levels of nitrogen compounds can lead to acute toxicity in aquatic organisms. Ammonia, a by-product of protein breakdown, is the most prevalent contaminant in freshwater environments. Increasing salinity in water sources can cause fluctuations in salinity levels within breeding ponds. The interaction of these elements can occur in breeding ponds, significantly impacting the physiology and quality of the aquatic products. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between salinity and ammonia-N stress and their effects on the quality and fatty acid profile of tilapia fish (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>). The fish were divided into 12 distinct treatment groups, each characterized by varying salinity levels (0, 4, 8, and 12 ppt) and different concentrations of ammonia-N (0, 50% of 50% lethal concentration [LC₅₀]-96 h, and 30% of LC₅₀-96 h) arranged in a factorial design. The calculated LC₅₀-96 h for ammonia-N was 0.86 mg/L. Significant increases were observed in cortisol and glucose levels associated with various salinity treatments and ammonia levels. The levels of carcass protein in the salinity treatments (4, 8, and 12 ppt) did not show any significant differences when compared to the control treatment. However, the protein percentage at 50% of LC₅₀-96 h of ammonia-N was lower than that of the control treatment. In salinity treatments and ammonia levels (50% and 30% of LC₅₀-96 h of ammonia-N), a significant increase in the percentage of lipid, highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was observed. To draw the conclusion, our assessment indicates that a salinity concentration of 8 ppt over a 96-h period without feeding has produced positive effects on the quality of tilapia carcasses.</p>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 ","pages":"8840365"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11730019/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selection of Nonlethal Early Biomarkers to Predict Gilthead Seabream (<i>Sparus aurata</i>) Growth.","authors":"Rafael Angelakopoulos, Andreas Tsipourlianos, Katerina A Moutou, Alexia E Fytsili, Anthi Tsingene, Eleni Galliopoulou, Leonidas Papaharisis, Zissis Mamuris, Themistoklis Giannoulis, Arkadios Dimitroglou","doi":"10.1155/anu/9918595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/9918595","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of the main challenges in aquaculture is the constant search for sustainable alternative feed ingredients that can successfully replace fishmeal (FM) without any negative effects on fish growth and health. The goal of the present study was to develop a toolbox for rapidly anticipating the dynamics of fish growth following the introduction of a new feed; nonlethal, biochemical, and molecular markers that provide insights into physiological changes in the fish. A nutritional challenge by feeding a conventional feed rich in FM protein (FM diet) versus an experimental feed rich in plant protein (PP) and low FM inclusion (PP diet), in 20 different families of gilthead sea bream (<i>Sparus aurata</i>) was performed. Fifteen and 30 days after the initiation of the nutritional challenge, the transcriptional response of gilthead seabream erythrocytes along with classical hematological biochemical markers were compared. Zootechnical, biochemical, and transcriptome data from each family under different dietary treatments were combined into a classification model to identify variables that can predict the growth rate at the end of the 14-month farming period (July 2018-September 2019). A highly accurate model was produced (<i>A</i> > 80%) based on the combination of seven markers (five molecular and two biochemical markers) and with high potential in separating faster and slower growing fish as early as 30 days after the initiation of feeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9918595"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11730015/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Interaction Between Dietary Fat Level, n-3 LC-PUFA, and Zinc on Their Postprandial Absorption Kinetics in Atlantic Salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i>).","authors":"HaoHang Fang, Nini H Sissener, Øystein Sæle, Trygve Sigholt, Antony J Prabhu Philip","doi":"10.1155/anu/6173690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/6173690","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two short-term feeding trials were conducted on <i>Salmo salar</i>, with the interaction between dietary zinc (Zn) and fat level in trial 1 and with the interaction between dietary Zn and n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFA) in trial 2, focusing on postprandial plasma parameters, intestinal Zn and fat uptake and transport. After 4-week feeding interventions, samples were collected at different postprandial time points, ranging from 0 to 36/38 h after feeding. Results showed that increased Zn level in feed significantly increased the postprandial plasma Zn level in trial 1 (8-9°C). On the contrary, the postprandial plasma Zn level was not affected by the dietary Zn under higher temperature conditions (trial 2, 10-12°C). Further, analyzed markers related to intestinal Zn uptake and transport were not affected by dietary fat level and n-3 LC-PUFA. In addition, analyzed markers related to intestinal fat uptake and transport were not affected by dietary Zn. Intestinal Zn transport plays a key role in regulating body Zn storage, while intestinal fat transport influences lipid accumulation within the intestine. Understanding how these processes respond to dietary components is critical for maintaining fish health and welfare.</p>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2024 ","pages":"6173690"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11699991/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142930344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Energy Utilisation Efficiencies of Digestible Macronutrients in Juvenile Malabar Snapper (Lutjanus malabaricus) Reveals High Protein Requirement for Optimal Growth Using Both Factorial and Multifactorial Approaches","authors":"Si Yan Ngoh,&nbsp;Xueyan Shen,&nbsp;Leo Nankervis,&nbsp;Katheline Hua","doi":"10.1155/anu/5467206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/5467206","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Malabar snapper (<i>Lutjanus malabaricus</i>) is an economically important marine fish throughout the Indo-Pacific, with an emerging aquaculture industry. Although generic marine feeds are available for production, these are not optimised for this species. Understanding energy utilisation and balance can provide insight into suitable macronutrient profiles for new species to provide a baseline for future development. This study, therefore, evaluated the effect of dietary macronutrient composition (i.e., protein, fat, and carbohydrate) on the utilisation efficiencies of digestible energy (DE) in juvenile Malabar snapper using two isonitrogenous diets (high fat: HF and low fat: LF) with contrasting fat and carbohydrate content. Each diet was fed at four feeding levels (100%, 75%, 50%, and 25% apparent satiation) for 56 days, creating a 2 by 4 factorial design. The maintenance energy requirement of Malabar snapper was estimated to be 76.7 kJ kg^−0.8 day⁻¹, while the utilisation efficiencies of digestible protein (DP) and fat were 73.6% and 68.3%, respectively. Fish fed with LF, which has lower dietary fat and higher dietary carbohydrate levels, had significantly reduced energy utilisation efficiency for growth and significantly higher partial energy utilisation efficiency of digestible fat (DF) (<i>p</i>  &lt; 0.05). Since body moisture is usually proportional to body fat content in fish, this implies that the energy from carbohydrates preferentially enters lipogenesis rather than being available for somatic growth, and adiposity does not directly result in weight gain. Malabar snapper utilises DF in preference to protein for metabolism, demonstrating a protein-sparing effect from lipids at DE intake levels below the maintenance requirement. Conversely, given the higher efficiency of fat retention than protein retention, protein is likely used before fat when energy intake is above maintenance. These findings suggest that Malabar snapper requires high levels of DP in its diet to support growth and that energy from dietary carbohydrates is diverted towards adiposity, consequently reducing growth.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/5467206","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142861878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Lysophospholipid on Growth Performance, Hepatopancreas Health, and Intestinal Microbiome of Litopenaeus vannamei in Low-Fishmeal Diet","authors":"An-Qi Chen,&nbsp;Bao-Yang Chen,&nbsp;Jian Zhong,&nbsp;Zhi-Hong Liao,&nbsp;Xuan-Shu He,&nbsp;Si-Han Lin,&nbsp;Chuan-Ji Fang,&nbsp;Ning Li,&nbsp;Wei Zhao,&nbsp;Jin Niu","doi":"10.1155/anu/8883996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/8883996","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>A 56-day culture experiment was conducted to assess the effects of lysophospholipid added to a low-fishmeal diet on growth performance, hepatopancreas health, and intestinal microbiome of <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>. Three experimental diets were set up in this study: normal fishmeal positive control diet (20% fishmeal, P), low fishmeal negative control diet (12% fishmeal, N), and low fishmeal + lysophospholipid diet (12% fishmeal with 0.1% lysophospholipid, L). The obtained results proved that <i>L. vannamei</i> fed the group N diet could inhibit growth performance (final body weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate), decrease whole-body crude protein, and inhibit hepatosomatic antioxidant capacity and digestive capacity. These adverse effects were significantly alleviated in group L. Compared with group P, the expression of hepatopancreas lipid metabolism genes and the triglyceride content were both increased in group N. The triglyceride level of group L was significantly higher than that of group P but lower than group N. Histological analysis showed that the addition of lysophospholipid could maintain the normal morphology of hepatopancreas and reduce pathological changes such as cell melanosis caused by a low fishmeal diet. In addition, the proportion of dominant colonizers of intestinal flora was unbalanced in group N. In group L, the imbalance was alleviated. In conclusion, the supplementation of lysophospholipid in the low-fishmeal diet of <i>L. vannamei</i> improved the weight gain, antioxidant capacity, digestive capacity of hepatopancreas, regulate hepatopancreas lipid metabolism and maintain healthy tissue morphology, and also regulate the intestinal flora structure.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/8883996","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142861621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}