Aquaculture Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Effects of Low Molecular Weight Duck Blood Protein Hydrolysate as a Feed Additive on the Intestinal Microbiome, Antioxidant Activity, and Humoral Immune and Inflammatory Responses in Flowerhorn Fish","authors":"Pimpisut Manassila,&nbsp;Papungkorn Sangsawad,&nbsp;Surintorn Boonanuntanasarn,&nbsp;Jirawadee Kaewda,&nbsp;Pakpoom Boonchuen,&nbsp;Sirawich Limkul,&nbsp;Chatsirin Nakharuthai","doi":"10.1155/anu/9970984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/9970984","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Food-derived bioactive peptides could serve as feed ingredients and/or feed additives. We investigated the health-promoting properties of low molecular weight duck blood protein hydrolysate (DBPH), fractionated by ultrafiltration with a 10 kDa molecular weight cut-off membrane, in flowerhorn fish. The analysis of molecular weight distribution revealed that the most common sizes of DBPH fell within the range of 3–7 kDa (39.68%), followed by &gt;7–10 kDa (20.69%), 1–3 kDa (23.03%), and &lt;1 kDa (9.00%). After 1 month of the feeding trial, fish fed with diets supplemented with 2% DBPH exhibited the highest growth, antioxidant activity, and humoral immune response enhancement under normal conditions. In addition, microbiome analysis confirmed that 2% DBPH possesses antimicrobial activity, as evidenced by the significant decrease in operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and alpha diversity indexes, including Chao1 and Shannon. Compared to the control group, fish that were fed with diets supplemented with 2% DBPH exhibited a significantly higher abundance of the genera Cetobacterium and Romboutsia, which could serve as indicators of the overall health and well-being of the fish. After a <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> challenge, fish fed with diets supplemented with 2% DBPH exhibited an enhanced ability to modulate inflammatory genes, including interleukin (IL)-1<i>β</i>, IL-6, CC, and CXC chemokine as well as antioxidant gene expression (superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)). Overall, dietary supplementation with 2% DBPH could improve the overall health of the flowerhorn fish by ameliorating humoral immune response, alleviating oxidative stress, and strengthening resistance against <i>S. agalactiae</i>.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/9970984","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143840864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut Microbe Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group and Knoellia-Mediated Acetic Acid Regulates Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in the Muscle of Freshwater Drum (Aplodinotus grunniens) Under High-Fat Diets","authors":"Miaomiao Xue,&nbsp;Pao Xu,&nbsp;Haibo Wen,&nbsp;Jiyan He,&nbsp;Jianxiang Chen,&nbsp;Changxin Kong,&nbsp;Xiaowei Li,&nbsp;Hang Wang,&nbsp;Xinxin Guo,&nbsp;Yi Su,&nbsp;Hongxia Li,&nbsp;Changyou Song","doi":"10.1155/anu/9667909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/9667909","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Metabolic disorders and complications induced by high-fat diets (HFDs) are a hot research topic in aquatic animal nutrition and health, but the mechanism of gut microbes and their metabolites on muscle homeostasis is not yet clear. In this study, a 16-week HFD (Con, 6% fat and HFD, 12% fat) rearing experiment was conducted with a freshwater drum (20.88 ± 2.75 g, about 20,000 fish per pond) to investigate the underlying regulation of gut microbes on muscle nutrient and metabolism. Results revealed that HFD had no remarkable effect on proximate nutrients (moisture, ash, crude protein, and crude fat), total amino acids, and fatty acids contents in muscle. Moreover, decreased acetic acid content by HFD in the gut and muscle was confirmed to regulate lipid metabolism, as evidenced by the activation of fatty acid synthesis (acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha [ACC1] and sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 [SREBP1]) and inhibition of fatty acid lipolysis (AMP-activated protein kinase [AMPK], adipose triglyceride lipase [ATGL], and carnitine palmitoyl transferase 2 [CPT2]). Interestingly, RNA-seq revealed glycolytic metabolism (glycolysis/gluconeogenesis and pyruvate metabolism) was active in the muscle under HFD, which was further confirmed to be the intermediate for acetic acid to regulate lipid metabolism. Strikingly, gut microbe <i>Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group</i> and <i>Knoellia</i> regulate muscle lipid and glucose metabolism through their derived metabolite acetic acid, which is the key target for gut microbe to regulate muscle. Taken together, these results reveal the regulatory mechanism of gut microbes and derived metabolites on muscle metabolism and development, providing a theoretical basis for the healthy regulation of HFD in aquatic animals.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/9667909","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143836124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Coral Grow-Out Through an Integrated Aquaculture Approach","authors":"Rachel C. Neil,&nbsp;Jonathan A. Barton,&nbsp;Andrew Heyward,&nbsp;David S. Francis,&nbsp;Leo Nankervis,&nbsp;Thomas S. Mock,&nbsp;David G. Bourne,&nbsp;Craig Humphrey","doi":"10.1155/anu/1446195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/1446195","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Some coral species in natural reef systems derive benefits from fish which live in close association with them. This study investigates the benefits of incorporating fish in ex situ coral culture to enhance coral physiological performance. Corals that typically have fish associations (<i>Acropora kenti</i> and <i>Pocillopora verrucosa</i>) and those that do not (<i>Porites lutea</i> and <i>Platygyra daedalea</i>) were grown in aquaria under different fish-associated treatments for 3 months. Physiological performance of the corals, including growth, protein content, symbiont density and photosynthetic efficiency were assessed in the different treatments where corals were (1) kept with a school of <i>Chromis viridis</i> fed a pelleted diet, (2) supplied filtered water from a tank housing <i>C. viridis</i>, (3) fed live feeds whilst maintained with <i>C. viridis</i>, (4) supplied only with live feeds, (5) supplied with a pelleted fish diet without <i>C. viridis</i> and (6) not supplied feeds and without <i>C. viridis</i>. Whilst the responses of the corals varied between species, generally, exposure to fish or fish-water increased the protein and/or symbiont density within coral tissue. <i>A. kenti</i> and <i>P. lutea</i>, which derive a higher proportion of their energy requirement from autotrophy, displayed improved growth in the fish treatments, whilst the more heterotrophic <i>P. verrucosa</i> grew fastest when supplied with live feeds. The more heterotrophic, slow-growing <i>P. daedalea</i> did not show significant improvements in growth under any of the treatments, and there were no major differences in photosynthetic efficiency between treatments in any of the corals. These results indicate that incorporating fish into coral culture could provide an accessible source of nitrogen and phosphorous enrichment via the dissolved portion of the fish’s wastes and, in turn, enhance the growth of corals more reliant on autotrophy, like Acroporids. The results point to potential efficiency gains for coral husbandry practices, with the aim of satisfying the growing demands of reef restoration and ornamental aquaculture.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/1446195","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guanidinoacetic Acid Significantly Improves Growth, Antioxidant Capacity, and Nonspecific Immunity for Juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei","authors":"Huaxing Lin,&nbsp;Beiping Tan,&nbsp;Shuyan Chi,&nbsp;Qihui Yang","doi":"10.1155/anu/5538869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/5538869","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Guanidinoacetic acid (GAA)—a nutritional additive—is essential for the healthy growth of aquatic animals. The experiment was conducted to examine the effects of dietary GAA on growth, muscle amino acid composition, antioxidative indices, and nonspecific immunity for juvenile <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>. Total 800 healthy shrimp (initial mean weight = 0.27 ± 0.03 g) were equally distributed into 15 tanks (0.3 m³; five groups, and three repeats per group) and fed with diets containing GAA levels (e.g., 0, 0.04%, 0.10%, 0.13%, and 0.16%, named G0, G004, G010, G013, and G016, respectively) for 8 weeks (four times a day). At the end of the trial, shrimps from all replicate groups were weighed, and serum, hepatopancreas, and muscle were collected from three random tails. The weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) were significantly higher, and feed conversion rate (FCR) was significantly lower in G010 and G013 groups than in G0 group. No significant effect of GAA on the total amino acids of each treatment was observed. Serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) were significantly higher, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly lower in G010, G013, and G016 groups compared to G0 group. Alkaline phosphatase (AKP), phenoloxidase (PO), lysozyme (LZM), and acid phosphatase (ACP) activities were significantly higher in G010, G013, and G016 groups than in G0 group. The mRNA expressions of immune deficiency (<i>imd</i>) and <i>lzm</i> genes in G010 and G013 groups were significantly upregulated. Following the challenge with <i>Vibrio harveyi</i>, the overall percent mortality of shrimp showed a gradually decreasing trend with the increase of GAA supplementary but was not significantly different from each other. In conclusion, GAA can improve the growth, antioxidant ability, and nonspecific immunity for <i>L. vannamei</i>.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/5538869","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brewers’ Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) Purified Functional Feed Additives Mitigate Soybean Meal-Induced Enteritis in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Parr","authors":"Taofik A. Momoh,&nbsp;Sheu Gbolahan Odu-Onikosi,&nbsp;Folasade Damilola Amulejoye,&nbsp;Joshua Wilson,&nbsp;Benjamin Eynon,&nbsp;Holger Kühlwein,&nbsp;Victor Kuri,&nbsp;Daniel L. Merrifield","doi":"10.1155/anu/8555658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/8555658","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Soybean meal (SBM) is commonly used in aquafeeds due to its wide availability, reasonable protein content, and cost-effectiveness. However, high SBM inclusion levels in the diets of carnivorous fish, such as Atlantic salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i>), can cause soybean meal-induced enteritis (SBMIE), resulting in compromised gut health, reduced nutrient absorption, and impaired growth. An 8-week study was conducted to evaluate the potential of brewers’ yeast-derived functional feed additives (FFAs), specifically yeast cell wall <i>β</i>-glucans (P<i>β</i>G [purified <i>β</i>-glucan]) and yeast cytosolic extracts (YEs), to mitigate the adverse effects of SBMIE in Atlantic salmon parr. Fish were fed diets containing 30% SBM (30-SBM) with either 0.02% <i>β</i>-glucan (30-SBM+P<i>β</i>G) or YE at 1% (30-SBM+YE1) and 2.5% (30-SBM+YE2.5) inclusion levels and compared against a control diet without SBM (0-SBM). The study assessed growth performance, haematological parameters, distal intestinal morphology, and the distal intestinal gene expression levels of enteritis biomarkers (<i>casp3b</i>, <i>pcna</i>, and <i>hsp70</i>). The results showed that P<i>β</i>G and 1% YE supplementation significantly reduced the severity of SBMIE, with improvements in intestinal morphology, including reduced intraepithelial leukocytes (IELs) levels and goblet cell hyperplasia. Intestinal gene expression levels of <i>casp3b</i> and <i>pcna</i> were significantly downregulated in the P<i>β</i>G and YE fed fish relative to the 30-SBM fed fish, indicating reduced apoptosis and more controlled cell proliferation. However, the effects of 2.5% YE supplementation were less pronounced, indicating a dose-dependent response. These findings demonstrate that both P<i>β</i>G and YE from 100% <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> can alleviate SBMIE in juvenile Atlantic salmon by supporting gut health and modulating cellular recovery processes.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/8555658","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143809764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the Oral Effects of Alcoholic Extract of Wild Yarrow (Achillea wilhelmsii) on Growth Performance, Immune, and Biochemical Serum Responses in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)","authors":"Maryam Shadmand,&nbsp;Amin Gholamhosseini,&nbsp;Azadeh Yektaseresht,&nbsp;Mahdi Banaee,&nbsp;Marzieh Heidarieh,&nbsp;Sara Bagheri,&nbsp;Mohammad Karimi,&nbsp;Milad Adel,&nbsp;Caterina Faggio","doi":"10.1155/anu/2360780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/2360780","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p><i>Achillea wilhelmsii</i> (AW), a plant rich in flavonoids, including lutein, apigenin, rutin, and phenolic compounds with antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal properties, is used in traditional medicine. In this study, the impact of AW extract on the growth, immune response, and biochemical indices of rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) was investigated. Over 8 weeks, fish were fed diets supplemented with varying concentrations of AW extract (0%, 0.5%, 1%, or 2%). No significant differences were observed in growth performance, glucose levels, or key enzymes such as lactic acid dehydrogenase, alanine transaminase, or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) between the AW-supplemented groups and the control group. However, fish that received AW supplementation showed significantly higher levels of total serum protein, lysozyme activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and immunoglobulin M (IgM). Moreover, the AW-fed groups exhibited lower mortality after exposure to <i>Yersinia ruckeri</i>. In conclusion, AW supplementation could enhance immune function in rainbow trout and decrease mortality after exposure to <i>Y. ruckeri</i>. Therefore, using this plant (1% and 2%) in aquaculture could be justified as a means to increase resistance to pathogens and improve the immune system performance of fish.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/2360780","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143787264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Nonenriched and Iron-Enriched Yeasts Improve Hematological and Antioxidant Parameters in Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, Fed on Diets Containing Cottonseed Meal","authors":"Seyyed Morteza Hoseini,&nbsp;Esmail Pagheh,&nbsp;Abbassali Aghaei Moghaddam,&nbsp;Behrouz Gharavi,&nbsp;Melika Ghelichpour","doi":"10.1155/anu/9955172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/9955172","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary cottonseed meal (CSM) as a partial substitute for soybean meal, along with iron-enriched and nonenriched <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (PTCC 5052) on growth performance, anemia, iron and gossypol retention, and hepatic antioxidant and histological characteristics in juvenile rainbow trout, <i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>. Fish (31.6 ± 0.33 g) were distributed across 16 tanks in four quadruplicate treatment groups. A control diet without CSM, a diet containing 15% CSM (CSM), a diet with 15% CSM plus 1 × 10⁸ cfu/g of <i>S. cerevisiae</i> (CSMY), and a diet with 15% CSM plus 1 × 10⁸ cfu/g of iron-enriched <i>S. cerevisiae</i> (CSMYFE) were fed to the treatment groups. After 8 weeks of feeding, there were no significant differences in growth performance, feed efficiency, total/differential leukocyte counts, plasma iron concentration, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and hepatic antioxidant and histological characteristics among the treatment groups. Blood erythrocyte counts and hematological indices were similar across treatments, but the CSM group exhibited significantly lower blood hematocrit (<i>p</i> = 0.005) and hemoglobin (<i>p</i> = 0.002) levels compared to the other treatments. Hepatic iron concentration was significantly higher in the CSMYFE group than in the other treatments (<i>p</i> = 0.001). Hepatic gossypol concentrations in the CSM, CSMY, and CSMYFE treatments were similar and significantly higher than that of the control treatment (<i>p</i>  &lt; 0.001). Plasma total antioxidant capacity (<i>p</i> = 0.002) and ascorbate level (<i>p</i> = 0.025) were significantly elevated in the CSMY and CSMYFE groups compared to the other treatments. In conclusion, a dietary inclusion of 15% CSM as an alternative to soybean meal does not negatively affect fish growth performance, hepatic histology, or antioxidant parameters; however, it does result in decreased hematocrit and hemoglobin levels while increasing hepatic gossypol levels. The inclusion of <i>S. cerevisiae</i>, whether iron-enriched or nonenriched, mitigates the decreases in blood hematocrit and hemoglobin levels and enhances hepatic antioxidant parameters.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/9955172","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143787244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Cholesterol Supplementation in High Soybean Meal Diet on Growth, Lipid Metabolism, and Intestinal Health of Juvenile Rice Field Eel Monopterus albus","authors":"Kai Xie,&nbsp;Xiang Liu,&nbsp;Yong Shi,&nbsp;Minglang Cai,&nbsp;Jihong Dai,&nbsp;Junzhi Zhang,&nbsp;Yi Hu","doi":"10.1155/anu/2233612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/2233612","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The rising cost of fish meal (FM) in aquaculture feed has prompted the search for alternative protein sources like soybean meal (SBM). However, SBM-based diets can negatively affect fish growth, lipid metabolism, and intestinal health. One possible solution is to add cholesterol to SBM-based feeds to mitigate these adverse effects, but the optimal levels and the resulting benefits remain unclear. In this study, the impact of adding cholesterol to low FM and high soybean protein diets on the growth, lipid metabolism, and intestinal health of <i>Monopterus albus</i> was evaluated. Juvenile <i>M. albus</i> (initial body weight of 20.00 ± 0.02 g) were fed a control diet with 42% FM + 22% SBM diet (FM group), 22% FM + 52% SBM diet (SBM group), and the SBM diet supplemented with 5 g/kg or 10 g/kg cholesterol (SBC5 and SBC10 groups, respectively). The results showed that the weight gain rate (WGR) and hepatosomatic index (HSI) were significantly lower in the SBM group compared to the FM group, but WGR increased with the addition of 10 g/kg cholesterol. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities increased significantly in the SBM group, indicating liver stress, but returned to normal levels in the SBC10 group. Cholesterol supplementation also improved serum and liver lipid profiles and significantly increased the contents of total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in serum and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in the liver. In addition, cholesterol supplementation increased the activities of intestinal enzymes (e.g., amylase) and restored the structural integrity of the intestinal lining, including villus height and goblet cell count. Additionally, the SBC10 group exhibited a richer and more diverse intestinal microbiota, with increased abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidota. These findings demonstrate that supplementing 10 g/kg cholesterol in a high SBM diet improves growth performance, lipid metabolism, intestinal health, and gut microbiota composition in <i>M. albus</i>. This study provides a practical food-borne strategy to enhance the use of plant-based proteins in aquaculture while mitigating their negative effects, contributing to the sustainability of fish farming.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/2233612","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Partial or Complete Substitution of Fish Meal by Meat Meal in the Feed of Red Sea Bream (Pagrus major) on the Growth Performance and Feed Utilization","authors":"Yu Jin Sim,&nbsp;Sung Hwoan Cho","doi":"10.1155/anu/9589317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/9589317","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>As fish meal (FM) has become an expensive protein source to sustainably use in aquafeeds due to its stagnant production and increased price, finding a FM replacer is essential for the advancement of sustainable aquaculture. This study examined the effect of partial or complete FM substitution by meat meal (MM) in feeds on the growth and feed utilization of red sea bream (<i>P. major</i>). Six diets with isoproteic and isolipidic were prepared. In the control (Con) diet, 55% FM was included. The partial (20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%) or complete (100%) of FM levels in the Con diet were substituted by MM, named the MM20, MM40, MM60, MM80, and MM100 diets, respectively. Four hundred and fifty juvenile (7.85 ± 1.851 g; mean ± SE) red sea bream were distributed into 18 tanks (25 juvenile/tank) with triplicate. Throughout an 8-week feeding period, all fish were carefully hand-fed twice daily. At the completion of the 8-week experimental period, weight gain, specific growth rate, and feed consumption of fish fed the Con, MM20, and MM40 diets were superior to fish fed the MM60, MM80, and MM100 diets. Feed efficiency of fish fed the MM20 diet was superior to fish fed the MM100 diet, but comparable to fish fed the Con, MM40, MM60, and MM80 diets. Protein efficiency ratio of fish fed the Con, MM20, MM40, and MM60 diets was higher than that of fish fed the MM100 diet. Protein retention of fish fed the Con, MM20, and MM40 diets was superior to fish fed the MM100 diet. The condition factor of fish fed the Con diet was higher than that of fish fed the MM80 and MM100 diets. Plasma and serum parameters and biochemical composition of fish, except for fatty acid profiles were not significantly influenced by dietary MM supplementation as a substitution for FM. In conclusion, FM up to 40% could be substitutable by MM in a 55% FM-based feed without significantly impairing the growth performance and feed consumption of red sea bream.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/9589317","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143717453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Protein Intake on Growth and Nutrient Retention of Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in a Green Water Recirculating Aquaculture System","authors":"Adela N. Araujo,&nbsp;Khanh Nguyen,&nbsp;Leila Strebel,&nbsp;Trenton Corby,&nbsp;Melanie A. Rhodes,&nbsp;Benjamin H. Beck,&nbsp;Luke A. Roy,&nbsp;D. Allen Davis","doi":"10.1155/anu/4942439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/4942439","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Feed management and the nutrient content of the diet are two of the most important factors in shrimp culture, as feed makes up around 60% of the total variable costs. Given the cost of protein and its effect on growth, it is critical to understand the effects of both dietary protein and feeding rates on shrimp performance. Hence, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different protein intake levels on growth performance, nutrient retention efficiency, and whole-body composition of Pacific white shrimp (<i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>) using different levels of crude protein (CP). This was done by feeding four practical diets with 40%, 35%, 30%, and 25% of CP, which were fed at two different rates, one of them being the standard feed rate (100%) and a second adjusted rate to match the protein supplied (40% protein equivalence), resulting in a total of eight treatments with four replicates each. The total ration for each of the treatments was spread out into four feedings per day. Juvenile shrimp (0.41 ± 0.01 g) were stocked into a green water outdoor recirculating system with 32 circular tanks at a density of 30 individuals/tank and reared for 11 weeks. A recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) with green water (~30°C) was used for this trial, which consisted of a central reservoir (⁓1000 L) and treatment tanks (⁓800 L). At the end of the trial, growth performance parameters including final weight, weight gain (WG), biomass, and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were found to be significantly different among treatments (<i>p</i>  &lt; 0.05). Average survival was between 94% and 98% for all the treatments. All final body composition values (dry matter, CP, and minerals) did not show significant differences between treatments except for fat (<i>p</i>  &lt; 0.05). However, feed utilization measurements including apparent net protein retention (ANPR), and phosphorus retention (PR) showed to have significant differences (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), ranging 49%–66% and 16%–27%, respectively. The results from this study demonstrated that treatments with higher protein intake resulted in the best growth performance, meanwhile treatments with lower protein intake had the highest nutrient retention values.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/4942439","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}