Aquaculture Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Suitable Acidified Eggshell Powder Food Promotes Brachionus calyciflorus Growth and Reproduction: From Antioxidant Capacity Insight","authors":"Yang Danrong,&nbsp;Wang Li,&nbsp;Ma Xufa","doi":"10.1155/2024/7875547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/7875547","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Rotifers are natural initial bait for fish larvae in freshwater. Here, the effects of various concentrations of acidified eggshell powder solutions (0, 20, 40, 80, 160, and 320 mg/L) on the growth and reproduction of the rotifer <i>Brachionus calyciflorus</i> were evaluated in culture experiments (11 days). The population density, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and Na and Mg contents in rotifers were significantly higher in the 20–160 mg/L groups than in the control group. A redundancy analysis showed that the Na, Mg, Cr, K, and Ca contents were positively correlated with the rotifer population density and CAT and SOD activity. Furthermore, the generation time and lifespan of F2 rotifers were significantly higher in the 20–40 mg/L treatment groups (82.0 ± 3.7 hr and 162.0 ± 2.7 hr, respectively) than in the control group (64.0 ± 4.0 hr and 128.0 ± 4.0 hr, respectively). Average egg production in F2 rotifers was significantly higher in the 20–80 mg/L treatment groups (15.2 ± 0.7 individuals) than in the control group (11.7 ± 1.2 individuals). These results indicate that 20 mg/L eggshell powder is optimal for growth and reproduction in <i>B. calyciflorus</i>, providing a theoretical basis for using new mineral sources in high-quality open bait for fish larvae.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/7875547","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141246166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survival, Growth, and Food Resources of Juvenile Sea Cucumbers Holothuria forskali (Echinodermata, Holothuroidea) in Co-Culture with Shellfish in Brittany (France)","authors":"Frank David,&nbsp;Grégory Raymond,&nbsp;Julien Grys,&nbsp;Nadia Ameziane,&nbsp;Bastien Sadoul","doi":"10.1155/2024/7098440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/7098440","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>We conducted experiments with various growing conditions, both at sea and indoors, to explore the growth potential of <i>Holothuria</i> (<i>Panningothuria</i>) <i>forskali</i> Delle Chiaje, 1823 juveniles. Sea trials involved co-culture with European abalones (EA) or placement underneath European flat oysters (EO) or Pacific oysters (PO), using juveniles of 6–8 g initial weight. In sea-based conditions around summer (Apr–Sep), sea cucumbers grew best in EO at 0.94% d⁻¹, followed by EA (0.88% d⁻¹), both being in deep water (8–12 m), while sea cucumbers in the foreshore of a mega-tidal environment (PO) had the lowest growth (0.24% d⁻¹). The indoor trial (IM) was performed with smaller individuals (≈0.3 g) and yielded a remarkable growth of 2.76% d⁻¹ during summer (May–Sep). All experiments resulted in high survival rates, exceeding 80%. Additionally, we analysed fatty acid, amino acid, and stable isotope compositions of sea cucumbers’ body walls, along with the pigment composition of their stomach contents. These analyses provided evidence that juveniles had distinct diets in each rearing condition, all differing from the diet of adults found in the wild. Our results also demonstrate that sea cucumbers do not compete for food resources in the shellfish production, which is crucial for their integration into multi-trophic aquaculture systems. However, whether sea cucumbers may have benefitted from the organic matter from shellfish faeces and pseudofaeces and/or grew on the biofilm growing on the cage walls remains to be elucidated.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/7098440","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141246093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Threonine Promoted the Growth and Ovarian Development of the Red Swamp Crayfish (Procambarus clarkii)","authors":"Haihang Yao,&nbsp;Manxia Cao,&nbsp;Jianmin Zhang,&nbsp;Shouqi Xie,&nbsp;Kai Luo,&nbsp;Wenfu Xiao,&nbsp;Lixue Dong,&nbsp;Weihua Gao,&nbsp;Juan Tian","doi":"10.1155/2024/5526963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/5526963","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>To explore the effects of dietary threonine on growth and ovarian development of red swamp crayfish (<i>Procambarus clarkii</i>), crayfish (5.48 ± 0.19 g) were fed six isoproteic and isoenergetic diets with varying levels of threonine (7.16 g/kg (control), 9.19, 12.74, 16.44, 20.83, and 23.78 g/kg) for 8 weeks. The results showed that weight gain rate, feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency rate, protein deposition rate, and essential amino acid deposition rates obtained the optimal values when the dietary threonine level was 12.74 or 16.44 g/kg. Compared to the control group, the 12.74 g/kg group exhibited enhanced nonspecific immunity and antioxidant properties. The 16.44 g/kg group demonstrated a significant increase in the frequency of B cells and R cells in the hepatopancreas, the length and width of intestinal villi, and the activities of protease and lipase. It also showed elevated ecdysterone hormone, gonadal index (GI), cAMP content, and the relative abundance of beneficial intestinal microflora. Compared to the control group, the mRNA expression of <i>mTOR</i>, <i>S6K1</i>, <i>4EBP1</i>, <i>EcR</i>, <i>RXR</i>, <i>chitinase</i>, <i>PKA</i>, <i>Vg</i>, <i>cdc2</i>, and <i>cyclin B</i> was significantly upregulated, and the mRNA expression of <i>MIH</i> was significantly downregulated in the 16.44 g/kg group. Overall, optimal dietary threonine could improve intestinal health, regulate immune function, and enhance protein utilization, molting, and growth performance of red swamp crayfish. Additionally, it improved the synthesis of yolk substance and facilitated the development of ovarian cells of female crayfish. The optimal threonine level was 14.87–16.94 g/kg (dry matter), corresponding to 42.51–48.42 g/kg of dietary protein in red swamp crayfish.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/5526963","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141245938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Scoparia dulcis Extract on Lipid Oxidation in Fish Feed, Growth Performance, and Hypoxia Tolerance in Juvenile Jian Carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian)","authors":"Gangfu Chen,&nbsp;Jing Xu,&nbsp;Fengyi Li,&nbsp;Mingquan He,&nbsp;Xiaolu Yu,&nbsp;Wenhao Du,&nbsp;Yuxue Ye,&nbsp;Ling Liao,&nbsp;Min Wu,&nbsp;Huatao Li","doi":"10.1155/2024/7432096","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/7432096","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Lipid oxidation and hypoxia can lead to oxidative damage in aquatic animals. This study explored the effects of <i>Scoparia dulcis</i> extracts (SDE) on lipid oxidation, fish growth performance, digestive ability, antioxidant capacity, and hypoxia tolerance ability. The results showed that SDE decreased malonaldehyde (MDA), conjugated diene (CD), and peroxide value (PO) in the linoleic acid and linolenic acid as well as in fish feed. Broken-line analysis revealed that the optimal acetone extract of <i>S. dulcis</i> (AE) supplements was 4.02, 4.01, and 4.01 g kg⁻¹ determined from PO, CD, and MDA, respectively. Dietary AE supplementation increased feed intake and specific growth rate and activities of amylase, trypsin, and lipase as well as alkaline phosphatase in fish hepatopancreas and gut. Polynomial regression analysis showed that optimal dietary AE supplement was 3.61 g kg⁻¹ diet determined from weight gain. Furthermore, dietary AE supplementation decreased MDA content and increased glutathione content and the activities of glutathione peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione reductase in fish digestive organs, gills, erythrocytes, and muscle. Dietary AE supplementation increased durative time (DT) and oxygen consumption rate (OCR) under hypoxia condition. Based on polynomial regression analysis, optimal dietary AE supplements were 4.73 and 4.60 g kg⁻¹ diet determined from DT and OCR for hypoxia tolerance in fish, respectively. According to our current research, SDE’s antioxidant capacity may be attribute to their phenolic chemicals.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/7432096","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141126100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Oryzanol (Ory) Improved the Survival and Growth of Large Yellow Croaker (Larimichthys crocea) Larvae via Promoting Activities of Digestive Enzymes, Antioxidant Capacity, and Lipid Metabolism","authors":"Wenxuan Xu,&nbsp;Yuntao Wang,&nbsp;Jianmin Zhang,&nbsp;Jiahui Liu,&nbsp;Yongtao Liu,&nbsp;Wenxing Huang,&nbsp;Chuanwei Yao,&nbsp;Kangsen Mai,&nbsp;Qinghui Ai","doi":"10.1155/2024/8368883","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/8368883","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A feeding study lasting 30 days was carried out to determine the effects of dietary Oryzanol (Ory) on the survival, growth, antioxidant capacity, peptic enzymes, as well as lipid metabolism of <i>Larimichthys crocea</i> larvae (11.87 ± 0.59 mg) using four different Ory concentrations in microfeed formulations (0, 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg), all preserving isolipidic (18.25% crude lipid) and isonitrogenous (52.08% crude protein) conditions. Results revealed that larvae given 40 and 80 mg/kg Ory revealed markedly higher survival rates; in particular, the 80 mg/kg Ory larvae exhibited a considerably higher specific growth rate than the control. Furthermore, the 80 mg/kg dietary Ory resulted in increased peptic enzyme activity, indicating heightened digestive capabilities of larvae. Meanwhile, Ory supplementation at 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg also increased antioxidant enzyme activities and reduced malondialdehyde levels, indicating an enhanced antioxidant capacity. Moreover, the incorporation of 20 and 40 mg/kg Ory demonstrated efficacy in enhancing the lipid metabolism of the larvae. This was evident in the reduction of triglyceride and total cholesterol levels in the larval visceral mass, attributed to the downregulation of genes that participate in lipid synthesis, and the upregulation of genes associated with lipid catabolism. Overall, the study suggests that the addition of Ory (ranging from 40 to 80 mg/kg) significantly improves both survival and developmental aspects, possibly mediated by enhanced digestion and antioxidative effects, alongside the induction of lipid metabolism in <i>Larimichthys crocea</i> larvae.</p>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140981731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Tannin Supplementation in Diet on the Resistance to Ammonia Stress of Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei","authors":"Xiuhong Zhang,&nbsp;Han Gong,&nbsp;Ping Chen,&nbsp;Jiajia Wang,&nbsp;Zhao Chen,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Chang,&nbsp;Jitao Li","doi":"10.1155/2024/5539701","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/5539701","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Tannin (TA), as a natural phenolic compound with strong antioxidant activity, has been used as a feed additive for various animals. In this study, we fed a diet containing 800 mg/kg of tannin on <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i> for 56 days and then subjected to acute ammonia stress for 48 hr to investigate the effect of dietary tannin on the ammonia stress response of <i>L. vannamei</i> through transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis. The transcriptome analysis indicated that ammonia stress-induced differential expression of 4,185 genes, while tannin-fed shrimp only had 964 differentially expressed genes. Compared with the TA_0 group, 59 pathways were significantly altered, and the pathways of “starch and sucrose metabolism,” “retinol metabolism,” “arachidonic acid metabolism,” “lysosome,” and “amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism” were highly enriched in the TS_0 group. Compared with the TS_0 group, six pathways were significantly altered, and the pathways of “dilated cardiomyopathy,” “complement and coagulation cascades,” “cardiac muscle contraction,” “fructose and mannose metabolism,” “cGMP-PKG signaling pathway,” and “beta-alanine metabolism” were significantly enriched in the TS_800 group. Metabolomic analysis showed that a total of 107 differential metabolites (DMs) were identified in the TS_0 vs. TA_0 group, while 75 DMs were identified in the TS_800 vs. TS_0 group. Based on KEGG annotation, it was found that a large amount of DM was significantly enriched in amino acid metabolism pathways in the TS_0 group, including “arginine and proline metabolism,” “alanine, aspartic acid, and glutamic acid metabolism,” “<i>β</i>-Alanine metabolism and tyrosine metabolism” indicated that tannins affect the metabolism of amino acids. The integration of DEGs and DMs indicates that dietary tannins highly alter the digestion and absorption functions of proteins, as well as the biosynthesis and metabolism of amino acids. This study provides new insights into the adaptation of Pacific white shrimp to ammonia stress and the addition of tannins to feed to enhance immune function.</p>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140983274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Protein Sourced from Chinese Medicine Residue for Golden Pompano Feed: Endothelium Corneum Gigeriae Galli Residue (ECGGR)","authors":"Ziqiao Wang,&nbsp;Rong Yao,&nbsp;Xuanshu He,&nbsp;Xin Cui,&nbsp;Zhihong Liao,&nbsp;Yantao Liu,&nbsp;Hanlin Wei,&nbsp;Zhenxiao Zhuang,&nbsp;Mengdie Chen,&nbsp;Jin Niu","doi":"10.1155/2024/1845188","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/1845188","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Fishmeal is an important protein source in aquafeed. However, due to the limited natural resources, fishmeal is in short supply, resulting in a price surge for fishmeal. Here, we reported a kind of Chinese medicine residue, endothelium corneum gigeriae galli residue (ECGGR), as a fishmeal substitute in the diets of <i>Trachinotus ovatus</i>. Six isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated, substituting fishmeal at 0%, 6.25%, 12.5%, 18.75%, 25%, and 31.25%. There was no significant difference in the growth performance when the fishmeal substitution level was no more than 25%. The smallest FCR was obtained at the 18.75% substitution level. Furthermore, substituting ECGGR for fishmeal had no effect on whole-body and muscle proximate compositions, except when the replacement level exceeded 25%, which led to a decrease in whole-body moisture and an increase in whole-body crude protein. The contents of Gly, Cys, Ile, Tyr, Pro, and EAAs/TAAs were altered as the substitution level varied. However, dietary replacement of fishmeal with ECGGR did not degrade muscle protein quality, according to a nutritional evaluation of muscle essential amino acid composition. In terms of hepatic antioxidant capacity, neither the overall antioxidant status nor the expression of genes in the Nrf2-ARE pathway was altered by dietary ECGGR. Moreover, the expressions of <i>p65</i>, <i>TNF-α</i>, and <i>IL-8</i> in the intestine were upregulated at the 31.25% substitution level. Also, more goblet cells were observed in the intestine at substitution levels of 25% and 31.25%. In conclusion, ECGGR can substitute for fishmeal at the optimal level of 18.75% without adversely affecting the growth performance, protein quality, or hepatic and intestinal health of golden pompano.</p>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140985742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Feeding with Chironomid and Artemia on Fatty Acids and Amino Acids Profiles in Persian Sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) Larvae","authors":"Iraj Efatpanah,&nbsp;Bahram Falahatkar,&nbsp;Mir Masoud Sajjadi,&nbsp;Maryam Monsef Shokri","doi":"10.1155/2024/6975546","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/6975546","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study aimed to examine the effect of various live foods on the fatty acids (FAs) and amino acids (AAs) profiles in Persian sturgeon (<i>Acipenser persicus</i>) larvae. One thousand and two hundred larvae were cultured in circular concrete tanks, and four treatments were administered as: (1) <i>Artemia</i> + <i>Daphnia</i>, (2) <i>Artemia</i>, (3) <i>Artemia</i> + Chironomid, and (4) Chironomid. Each treatment was considered as three replicates over an 11-day period. At the end of the experiment, treatment 1 (<i>Artemia</i> + <i>Daphnia</i>) showed the highest average weight of larvae, and the lowest weight was observed in treatment 4 (Chironomid). Survival rate ranged from 83.84% to 88.86% and no significant difference was observed among the groups (<i>P</i>  &gt; 0.05). Among <i>Artemia</i>-fed larvae, the predominant FAs were docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), oleic acid (<i>ω</i>9), and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), while saturated fatty acids (SFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (<i>ω</i>3 + <i>ω</i>6) were present in a lesser proportion (<i>P</i>  &lt; 0.05). In larvae fed with <i>Artemia</i> and <i>Daphnia</i>, the predominant proportions were observed in SFAs, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), <i>ω</i>3, DHA + EPA, and the n3/n6 ratio, all registering the highest percentages. Conversely, MUFA, <i>ω</i>6, and the DHA/EPA ratio displayed the lowest percentages (<i>P</i>  &lt; 0.05). Moreover, larvae fed with <i>Artemia</i> exhibited higher levels of <i>ω</i>6, PUFA (<i>ω</i>3 + <i>ω</i>6), and DHA/EPA ratio. In contrast, larvae fed with Chironomid showed lower levels of EPA, DHA + EPA, and n3/n6 ratio (<i>P</i>  &lt; 0.05). Among larvae fed with Chironomid, solely the DHA/EPA ratio exhibited a higher value compared to larvae fed with <i>Artemia</i> and <i>Daphnia</i> (<i>P</i>  &lt; 0.05). The amount of leucine in fish fed <i>Artemia</i> + <i>Daphnia</i> was more than the other treatments (<i>P</i>  &lt; 0.05). This study revealed a significant difference in amino acids composition among various live foods (<i>P</i>  &lt; 0.05), but no significant difference in AAs was observed in the body of Persian sturgeon larvae (<i>P</i>  &gt; 0.05). The results of this study suggest that the Persian sturgeon larvae possess the ability to maintain a balanced state of AAs. It is also evident that the FA profile of different live foods can affect the overall FA levels in the body of Persian sturgeon larvae, ultimately contributing to the enhancement of fish survival rate and growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140983603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Digestive Enzyme Activities during Larval Development of Spotted Seatrout (Cynoscion nebulosus)","authors":"Martín Alberto Arenas-Pardo,&nbsp;Martha Gabriela Gaxiola-Cortés,&nbsp;Alvaro Fabricio Barreto-Altamirano,&nbsp;Adriana del Carmen Paredes-Medina,&nbsp;Iveth Gabriela Palomino-Albarrán,&nbsp;Patricia Margarita Balam-Uc,&nbsp;Juan Carlos Maldonado-Flores,&nbsp;Carlos Alfonso Álvarez-González","doi":"10.1155/2024/1309390","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/1309390","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The spotted seatrout (<i>Cynoscion nebulosus</i>)—an important commercial species—has a high potential for aquaculture in the Gulf of Mexico. To optimize its feeding during larval rearing, this study aims to evaluate the primary gastric (pepsin), intestinal (leucine aminopeptidase and alkaline phosphatase), and pancreatic (alkaline protease, trypsin, chymotrypsin, amylase, and lipase) enzyme activities from hatching to day 30. A multivariate analysis identified three digestive enzyme development stages during the spotted seatrout larval transformation. The first stage occurred between 1 (mean ± standard error (SE) = 1.73 ± 0.14 millimeter (mm) standard length (SL)) and 3 (2.14 ± 0.07 mm SL) days after hatching (DAH); a period of digestive stability showed the highest activity in amylase and bile salt-dependent lipase. The second stage (from 4 (2.53 ± 0.09 mm SL) to 20 (10.92 ± 0.51 mm SL) DAH) was a period of digestive transition, during which leucine aminopeptidase, chymotrypsin, and alkaline proteases were identified as the predominant enzymes from 4 to 5 DAH. In the third stage—a period of digestive stability—pepsin was the major enzyme that occurred between 25 (16.51 ± 0.81 mm SL) and 30 (25.91 ± 0.82 mm SL) DAH. These results indicate that the spotted seatrout larvae have a digestive system adapted to lipids and carbohydrates at the onset of feeding, with an immediate transition to protein digestion when exogenous feeding begins. Additionally, the digestive system of the spotted seatrout may be considered mature at 25 DAH. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms of digestive tract development in the spotted seatrout larvae.</p>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140999717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the Protective Effect of Probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum Ep-M17 on the Hepatopancreas of Penaeus vannamei","authors":"Xiaoman Hu,&nbsp;Wenlong Xu,&nbsp;Hao Li,&nbsp;Bowen Lu,&nbsp;Yang Du,&nbsp;Jiong Chen","doi":"10.1155/2024/8216782","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/8216782","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Infection with the pathogenic bacterium <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i> typically causes severe hepatopancreatic damage in <i>Penaeus vannamei</i>, often resulting in acute shrimp mortality. Therefore, protecting the shrimp’s hepatopancreas is crucial for enhancing their disease resistance. Previous research has demonstrated that the probiotic strain <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> Ep-M17 inhibits the growth of <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> E1 in vitro. However, it remains uncertain whether Ep-M17 can provide protective benefits to the shrimp’s hepatopancreas. To address this knowledge gap, our present study investigated the histological changes, enzyme activity, gene transcription, and metabolite levels in the hepatopancreas of shrimp after a 4-week diet supplemented with Ep-M17. The results revealed that incorporating Ep-M17 into the shrimp’s diet alleviated the damage by <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> E1 infection in hepatopancreatic cells. In addition, the inclusion of Ep-M17 notably boosted the effectiveness of immunodigestive enzymes such as SOD, AKP, and CAT. Furthermore, Ep-M17 stimulated gene transcription in crucial immune response-related signalling pathways like the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway and the antigen processing and presentation pathway. Moreover, the incorporation of Ep-M17 into shrimp diets increased the levels of <i>β</i>-alanine, and histidine in the hepatopancreas, enhancing anti-inflammatory capacity and improving the shrimp’s immune response. Overall, the results indicate that incorporating Ep-M17 into the diet can enhance shrimp disease resistance by bolstering both immune response and metabolic activity within the hepatopancreas. These results underscore the importance of probiotics in controlling aquatic animal diseases and highlight Ep-M17 as a promising dietary supplement for enhancing shrimp health and immunity in aquaculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140711065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}