Aquaculture Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Effects of Dietary β-Carotene Supplementation on Growth Performance, Biochemical Indices, Hemato-Immunological Parameters, and Physio-Metabolic Responses of the Oriental River Prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense)","authors":"Mohammad Ettefaghdoost, Hamid Navirian, Hossein Haghighi","doi":"10.1155/anu/5184405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/5184405","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>An 8-week feeding experiment was carried out to determine the influence of <i>β</i>-carotene intake on the growth, biochemical, and immunological responses of <i>Macrobrachium nipponense</i>. Five distinct formulated nutritional regimens were fed to prawns with an average weight of 1.37 ± 0.09 g, each containing varying levels of <i>β</i>-carotene, including 0 (control), 50, 100, 150, and 200 mg/kg. According to the results, the growth metrics were markedly increased by the various levels of <i>β</i>-carotene (<i>p</i> < 0.05); however, the hepatosomatic index (HSI) remained statistically unchanged compared to the control treatment (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Despite that, a reduction was observed in most hemolymph biochemical indicators, including triglycerides, urea, creatinine, and uric acid (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Conversely, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels demonstrated a notable increase in comparison to the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Moreover, the levels of calcium, phosphorus, and cholesterol did not exhibit any noteworthy differences (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The administration of <i>β</i>-carotene resulted in a significant reduction of hemato-immune indices, including lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and cortisol (CORT) levels. Conversely, there was a notable increase in the levels of lysozyme (LYZ), albumin (ALB), phenoloxidase (PO), total protein (TP), hyaline cells (HCs), granular cells (GCs), semi-GCs (SGCs), and total hemocyte count (THC) within the <i>β</i>-carotene treatment groups (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Furthermore, the majority of the hepatopancreatic antioxidant parameters, including malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), exhibited a significant decrease in response to <i>β</i>-carotene treatment. However, the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) demonstrated a marked increase when compared to the control treatment (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Nonetheless, the levels of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) did not exhibit any significant changes by these experimental treatments (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The research revealed that elevated dietary levels of <i>β</i>-carotene, specifically at 200 mg/kg, significantly increased digestive enzyme activities, total carotenoid content (TCC), and body chemical composition, including crude protein and crude lipid levels (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Despite the <i>β</i>-carotene supplementation, the populations of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and ash content remained unaffected (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Notably, an increase in the levels of <i>β</i>-carotene corresponded with a significant elevation in the expression of genes related to growth and immunity (<i>p</i> < 0.05). An elevation in dietary <i>β</i>-carotene significantly increased polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), and essential amino acid","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/5184405","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enzyme-Treated Soybean Meal Serves as an Effective Alternative to Fishmeal in the Diet of the Shrimp Penaeus vannamei","authors":"Jianchun Shao,&nbsp;Qingyin Zheng,&nbsp;Zhengbang Chen,&nbsp;Wenbo Zhu,&nbsp;Qiulei Ren,&nbsp;Kai Yuan,&nbsp;Linwei Yang","doi":"10.1155/anu/2312302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/2312302","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Research on finding alternative protein sources to replace fishmeal (FM) has become a central issue in the nutrition field. Extensive research has been carried out on the replacement of FM with soybean meal (SBM); however, little is known about the replacement of FM with enzyme-treated SBM (ESBM). In this study, five isolipidic and isonitrogenous diets were formulated by substituting FM with ESBM at the levels of 0% (FM, control diet), 5% (ESBM25), 10% (ESBM50), and 15% (ESBM75) which were fed to juvenile shrimp for 8 weeks. And we found that replacing FM with ESBM at 5%–10% levels in shrimp diets had no impact on shrimp growth performance and feed utilization. However, substituting 10% ESBM for FM in the shrimp diets promoted the expression of growth-related genes and maintained consistent intestinal microbiota compared to the control group. Replacing FM with 15% ESBM in the shrimp diets inhibited shrimp growth, suppressed mTOR gene expression, and promoted the proliferation of harmful intestinal bacteria. Furthermore, replacing FM with different ESBM did not affect the intestinal health of shrimp. Taken together, our research provides that replacing FM with 10% ESBM is feasible. These findings not only enrich our knowledge of FM proteinogen replacement but also provide a reference for the use of ESBM as a substitute for FM in commercial feeds for shrimp <i>Penaeus vannamei</i> as well as other shrimp species.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/2312302","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Plant-Derived and Microbial Feed Additives on the Growth Performance and Biochemical Composition of Juvenile Sea Cucumber Stichopus monotuberculatus","authors":"Jiayu Zhang,&nbsp;Chao Li,&nbsp;Yan Zhao,&nbsp;Yanchao Chai,&nbsp;Haiqing Wang","doi":"10.1155/anu/6521606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/6521606","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Low growth and survival rates (SRs) are common challenges confronted in cultivation of sea cucumbers, particularly during juvenile stage. Given the significance of feed components in aquaculture, it is essential to explore various additives in formulated feed for juvenile sea cucumber <i>Stichopus monotuberculatus</i>. In this study, juveniles were fed a basal diet supplemented with 500 mg/kg of tea powder, 100 mg/kg of allicin, 20 mL/kg of probiotics, and 100 mL/kg of earthworm hydrolysate (EH) over a 56-day feeding trial. The SRs, growth performance, nonspecific immunity, antioxidant activity, nutrient composition, and digestive activity of juveniles were evaluated. The results showed that all four feed additives positively affected the digestive ability of <i>S. monotuberculatus</i>. Tea powder, allicin, and probiotics in the diet significantly enhanced the growth performance of the juveniles, while EH exhibited a beneficial impact on the nutrient accumulation. Additionally, tea powder and allicin were found to enhance immune responses. Therefore, this study provided insights into how feed additives affect growth, digestibility, and immune responses in aquatic animals, offering valuable information for developing effective dietary strategies for tropical sea cucumbers.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/6521606","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Content of Plant Ingredients and Phospholipids Affects Astaxanthin Utilization and Lipid Deposition in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.)","authors":"Trine Ytrestøyl,&nbsp;Bente Ruyter,&nbsp;Tone-Kari K. Østbye,&nbsp;Bjarne Hatlen,&nbsp;Sergey Afanasyev,&nbsp;Marta Bou,&nbsp;Grete Baeverfjord,&nbsp;Aleksei Krasnov","doi":"10.1155/anu/3454274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/3454274","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The effects of replacing dietary fish meal (FM) and oil (FO) with plant ingredients on absorption, metabolism, and flesh retention of astaxanthin were tested in Atlantic salmon. Phospholipid (PL) concentrates of marine (MPL) or plant origin (Soy lecithin, SoyLec) were supplemented to plant-based diets as choline sources to study potential effects on astaxanthin absorption and retention. A total of six diets were tested, three of them at high and low temperature (6 and 12°C). Lower temperature and slower growth increased retention of astaxanthin in the muscle of the marine-diet group but had no effect in the low marine-diet groups. Digestibility of astaxanthin was not affected by temperature in any of the diet groups. Sufficient PL in the diet was crucial for the digestibility of astaxanthin and lipids, but the source of phospholipid did not affect digestibility. The source of PL did have an effect on the accumulation of astaxanthin in the muscle. MPL reduced the muscle retention of astaxanthin and increased liver accumulation of the astaxanthin metabolite idoxanthin compared to plant protein (PP) diets and diets supplemented with SoyLec. PP diets also increased the deposition of lipid in liver and caused steatosis of intestine. Genes involved in formation of lipoproteins and cholesterol synthesis in the mid-intestine were downregulated in fish fed PP diets compared to a FM diet. MPL supplementation to the PP diet reduced the changes in gene expression and the steatosis in the intestine whereas adding SoyLec did not. Neither MPL nor SoyLec supplementation reduced the accumulation of lipid in liver in fish fed plant protein diets. In conclusion, the addition of MPL to a plant-based diet improved intestinal lipid transport, but not astaxanthin deposition in muscle.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/3454274","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Appropriate Fat Supplementation in High-Starch Diets Involved in the Modification of Fatty Acids Profile, Amino Acids Composition, and Antioxidant Capacity of Adult Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Muscle","authors":"Jianmin Zhang,&nbsp;Ningning Xie,&nbsp;Ming Jiang,&nbsp;Lixue Dong,&nbsp;Hua Wen,&nbsp;Juan Tian","doi":"10.1155/anu/7139771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/7139771","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Tilapia industry has faced great challenges due to the replacement of high-quality protein sources by a high proportion of starch. Meanwhile, the level of dietary fat is gradually reduced with the increase of oil price. High starch diets have been proved to have negative effects on flesh quality in previous studies, but the effects of fat remain unclear. The objective of the present study was to ascertain whether fat level is a requisite factor in the flesh quality of adult fish under conditions of high-starch diet feeding. The study involved adult Nile tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) with an initial body weight (IBW) of 168.58 ± 2.01 g, which were fed a standard (CON) diet, a high-starch-low-fat (HSLF) diet, and a high-starch-moderate-fat (HSMF) diet for 10 weeks. The results demonstrated that the high starch diets significantly decreased the hardness, chewiness, springiness, and gumminess of muscle. HSLF diet led to a significant reduction in the weight gain rate (WGR), accompanied by an increase in crude fat content and a decrease in glycogen content in the muscle. The HSLF diet resulted in a reduction in the levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), essential amino acids (EAAs), and flavor amino acids (FAAs) in the muscle tissue. Furthermore, it influenced muscle texture by reducing collagen content, fiber density, and sarcomere length. The muscle antioxidant capacity was diminished by affecting the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), catalase (CAT) activity, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, as well as the expression levels of related genes (<i>SOD</i>, <i>CAT</i>, and nuclear factor erythroid 2 like 2 (<i>nrf2</i>)). In contrast, the HSMF diet did not have a detrimental impact on growth performance, yet it did result in a significant increase in glycogen content, hydroxyproline (Hyp), PUFAs, EAA, and FAA in muscle tissue. Moreover, the HSMF diet was observed to markedly elevate the antioxidant capacity of the muscle. It can be concluded that high-starch diet can significantly affect flesh quality by affecting the texture and muscle nutrients, as well as decreasing antioxidant capacity. Nevertheless, the inclusion of an adequate quantity of fat may prove an effective means of counteracting these unfavorable outcomes.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/7139771","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Phaffia rhodozyma-Synthesized 3S, 3′S-Astaxanthin Promotes Body Coloration and Muscle Quality in Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei","authors":"Beili Zhang,&nbsp;Chunyang Zhang,&nbsp;Jianing Xu,&nbsp;Wenyi Wang,&nbsp;Chengguo Zhang,&nbsp;Juan Tian,&nbsp;Chaoqun Li,&nbsp;Qinyuan Ma","doi":"10.1155/anu/9993234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/9993234","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The focus of people on the yield of aquatic products has gradually shifted to superior quality. Astaxanthin is well-known for its superior antioxidant capacity, while research on its regulatory effect on muscle quality is limited. This study aims to investigate whether dietary <i>Phaffia rhodozyma</i>-synthesized 3S, 3′S-astaxanthin (L-AST) could promote the body coloration and muscle quality of <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>. Experimental diets with L-AST levels of 0, 30, 60, and 90 mg/kg were fed to <i>L. vannamei</i> (IBW: 2.72 ± 0.03 g) for 8 weeks. The results revealed that the shrimp fed L-AST diets presented better body coloration with decreased L^∗ values whereas increased a^∗ values and possessed higher levels of muscle astaxanthin. Dietary supplementation with 60 mg/kg L-AST significantly enhanced muscle texture (hardness, chewiness, resilience, and gumminess), which could be attributed to an increase in alkaline-insoluble collagen content and a decrease in myofiber diameter. Interestingly, dietary supplementation with 60 or 90 mg/kg L-AST markedly increased the content of glycine (a sweet amino acid) and total flavor amino acid (glutamic acid, aspartate, alanine, glycine). Further study showed that dietary supplementation with 60 or 90 mg/kg L-AST significantly improved free fatty acid profile by increasing contents of some monounsaturated fatty acids (C17:1n7, C18:1n9t and C24:1n9) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (C20:02 and C22:6n3). Taken together, dietary <i>P. rhodozyma</i>-synthesized L-AST considerably promoted muscle quality in <i>L. vannamei</i> by promoting histological and texture properties, elevating alkaline-insoluble collagen content while improving the profile of free amino acids and fatty acids.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/9993234","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fish Protein Hydrolysates Mitigate the Adverse Effects of No-Fishmeal Diets in Gilthead Seabream Juveniles","authors":"Cláudia Aragão,&nbsp;Rita Colen,&nbsp;Rita Teodósio,&nbsp;Miguel Cabano,&nbsp;Luís T. Antelo,&nbsp;José Antonio Vázquez,&nbsp;Sofia Engrola","doi":"10.1155/anu/1352251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/1352251","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The aquaculture industry must continue to reduce its reliance on finite marine ingredients and promote biocircularity to enhance sustainability. This study evaluated the effects of no-fishmeal (FM) diets and fish protein hydrolysates (FPHs) on the growth performance, antioxidant status, and immune responses of gilthead seabream (<i>Sparus aurata</i>). Following established conditions, two FPHs were prepared from the enzymatic hydrolysis of discards from whole-body blue whiting (<i>Micromesistius poutassou</i>) and gurnard heads (<i>Trigla</i> spp.); the former contained a higher proportion of large peptides (LPs), while the latter had more small peptides (SPs). Four isoproteic (48%) and isolipic (16%) diets were tested: a commercial (COM)-like diet with 35% FM, 10% poultry meal, and 5% soy protein concentrate; a FUTURE (FUT) diet, without FM or soy protein concentrate, containing 25% poultry meal; and two FUT diets supplemented with FPH (FUTLP and FUTSP). Gilthead seabream (initial weight ± 8.0 g) was distributed into 500 L tanks at an initial density of 1.4 kg m⁻³ and fed the experimental diets to apparent satiety for 8 weeks. Sampling was performed at the end of the growth trial, followed by a digestibility trial. Nutrient and energy digestibilities were significantly lower in the FUT than in the COM diet, with protein and energy digestibilities being 7% and 16% lower, respectively, in the FUT treatment, leading to higher nitrogen losses. Growth performance and feed utilization were negatively impacted in the FUT treatment, with weight gain of only 310 ± 33% compared to 482 ± 22% in the COM treatment. Additionally, immune responses in plasma and antioxidant status in the liver were slightly impaired in the FUT treatment. Supplementation of FPH to the FUT diet mitigated or even reversed these negative effects. The results confirmed that including small- and medium-sized peptides in no-FM diets is more beneficial than using larger ones.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/1352251","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143571301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expanding the Ingredient Basket in Aquaculture: Growth Performance and Feed Utilization of Australian Hybrid Abalone (Haliotis laevigata × H. rubra) Fed Methanotrophic Single Cell Protein","authors":"Michael J. Salini,&nbsp;Weifang Wang,&nbsp;Thomas S. Mock,&nbsp;Muhammad A. B. Siddik,&nbsp;Matthew K. Jago,&nbsp;Kelsey L. F. Bews,&nbsp;David S. Francis","doi":"10.1155/anu/7291857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/7291857","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>There is growing interest in the use of single cell proteins (SCPs) derived from methanotrophic bacteria for inclusion in aquafeed to reduce reliance on other, potentially less sustainable proteins. This two-part experiment aimed to investigate first (i) the dose effect of replacing soy protein concentrate with SCP in Australian hybrid abalone diets (<i>Haliotis laevigata Haliotis rubra</i>) and second, (ii) the potential for improved palatability of the SCP by using commercially produced liquid protein hydrolysate (PH). This was assessed in a 2 × 2 factorial experimental design. The diets were formulated to be iso-proteic (~40% crude protein as fed) and iso-energetic (~18 MJ kg⁻¹ as fed). The diets (SCP 0%, SCP 5%, SCP 10%, SCP 20%, SCP 0% + PH, and SCP 20% + PH) were fed to the abalone (~9.25 g initial weight) once daily in the evening for 94 days to apparent satiation. The growth performance and feed utilization of abalone fed with up to 10% SCP was comparable to the control; however, there was a significant reduction in most parameters at the highest inclusion of 20%. In the second experiment, there was a decline in measured protein and energy retention in the abalone fed 20% SCP, with a concomitantly lower apparent biological value. Positively, there were significant improvements in the apparent digestibility of the diet at the 20% SCP inclusion. There was no significant impact of using the PH on growth performance or feed intake. No effects were observed on the digestive enzyme activity (<i>α</i>-amylase, lipase, and trypsin) examined among the treatments. Considering these results collectively, the maximum recommended inclusion of methanotrophic SCP meal should be 10% for hybrid abalone. Reasons for the decline in performance at the highest inclusion may be related to palatability; however, this remains to be fully confirmed.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/7291857","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Various Natural Diets on Gonad Development, Roe Quality, and Intestinal Microbiota of the Purple Sea Urchin (Heliocidaris crassispina)","authors":"Zhiyuan Wang,&nbsp;Guodong Wang,&nbsp;Hui Ge,&nbsp;Lili Zhang","doi":"10.1155/anu/3196037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/3196037","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The study analyzed the impact of different diets on the gonadal development of sea urchin <i>Heliocidaris crassispina</i>. Kelp (<i>Laminaria japonica</i>), corn (<i>Zea mays</i>), carrots (<i>Daucus carota</i>), and sweet potatoes (<i>Ipomaea batatas</i>) were used to continuously feed adults of <i>H. crassispina</i> for 50 days. Results indicated that sea urchins fed with kelp had the highest weight gain rate (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), followed by those fed with sweet potato, no significant difference in weight gain rate was observed between other diets and no feeding groups (<i>p</i>  &gt; 0.05). <i>H. crassispin</i> fed with corn had a significantly enhancing GSI (gonadsomatic index) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), followed by those fed kelp, and no significant difference between the other diet groups, but their weight gain rate was higher than that of the no feeding group (<i>p</i>  &gt; 0.05). While there was no significant difference in shell diameter and height in any diets (<i>p</i>  &gt; 0.05). Sweet potatoes and corn significantly improved the redness (a^∗) and yellowness (b^∗) of the gonads (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Kelp group and corn group had excellent performance in amino acid composition, containing higher levels of umami and sweet amino acids than other groups (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Fatty acid analysis showed higher contents of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), arachidonic acid (ARA), linolenic acid, and linoleic acid in kelp and corn group. The types of diets significantly affected the microbial diversity of the digestive tract, with kelp enhancing microbial community diversity, and diets of corn and sweet potatoes increasing the abundance of <i>Lactococcus</i>. In conclusion, kelp was an excellent feed for <i>H. crassispina</i>, and corn as a preferred alternative diet not only improved the GSI but also optimized the gonad color and increased the content of amino acids and fatty acids.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/3196037","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of Replacing Blended Fish Meal With Diverse Animal and Plant Protein Sources and Their Combinations in the Diets on Growth, Feed Availability, Biochemical Composition, and Blood Chemistry of Rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii)","authors":"Md. Farid Uz Zaman,&nbsp;Sung Hwoan Cho","doi":"10.1155/anu/5625045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/anu/5625045","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The impacts of replacing diverse animal and plant protein sources, and their combination of fish meal (FM) on growth, feed consumption and utilization, biochemical composition, and blood chemistry of juvenile rockfish (<i>S. schlegelii</i>) were examined. One thousand and eighty juvenile (mean initial weight of 2.5 g) rockfish were assigned to 27 flow-through tanks with a capacity of 250 L each, with 40 fish per tank. Nine isonitrogenous (52.5%) and isolipidic (12.5%) experimental diets were prepared. The control (Con) diet contained 60% FM. In the Con diet, 25% FM protein was substituted with a single protein source of meat meal (MM), chicken by-product meal (CBM), corn gluten meal (CGM), and corn protein concentrate (CPC), as well as the combined MM and CGM, the combined MM and CPC, the combined CBM and CGM, and the combined CBM and CPC, referred to as the MM, CBM, CGM, CPC, CMCG, CMCP, CCCG, and CCCP diets, respectively. Each formulated feed was given to rockfish in triplicate groups and hand-fed twice a day for 12 weeks. Specific growth rate (SGR) of rockfish fed the Con diet was considerably (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) greater than that of rockfish fed the MM, CBM, CGM, CPC, CMCP, CCCG, and CCCP diets but not considerably different from that of rockfish fed the CMCG diet. Feed consumption of rockfish was not considerably influenced by dietary treatments. Rockfish fed the Con diet had considerably (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001 for both) greater feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio than rockfish fed all other diets, except for the CMCG diet. However, the experimental feeds had no considerable impacts on the biological indices, biochemical composition except for the sum of the <i>n</i>−3 highly unsaturated fatty acids, plasma, and serum parameters of rockfish. In summary, the combined MM and CGM can substitute 25% FM protein in the diet of rockfish without retardation in SGR, feed availability, and blood chemistry.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/anu/5625045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}