Aquaculture Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Betaine Supplementation Into High-Carbohydrate Diets Improves Feed Efficiency and Liver Health of Megalobrama amblycephala by Increasing Taurine Synthesis","authors":"Wenbo Pan,&nbsp;Fan Wang,&nbsp;Jia Xu,&nbsp;Juntao Li,&nbsp;Jian Gao,&nbsp;Yuhua Zhao,&nbsp;Qingchao Wang","doi":"10.1155/2024/9632883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/9632883","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Dietary betaine supplementation has been reported to alleviate the adverse effects of high-carbohydrate diets on <i>Megalobrama amblycephala</i>, while the regulatory mechanism remains largely unknown. In the present study, a 79-day feeding trial was conducted with 450 juvenile <i>Megalobrama amblycephala</i> (average weight 6.75 ± 0.10 g), which were fed with five high-carbohydrate diets (43%) supplementing betaine at 0% (CD group), 0.2% (0.2Bet group), 0.4% (0.4Bet group), 0.8% (0.8Bet group), and 1.6% (1.6Bet group), respectively. Results showed <i>M. amblycephala</i> in 0.8Bet group exhibited the best growth performance, indicated by the largest weight gain ratio (142.88%) and least feed conversion ratio (1.63). Moreover, liver health was promoted in 0.8Bet group, with decreased number of non-nucleated cells and less lipid accumulation, which was accompanied by the lowest hepatosomatic index (1.38%). In order to further illustrate the regulatory mechanism, metabolites assay indicated that dietary betaine supplementation significantly increased plasma contents of methionine, serine, hypotaurine, and taurine, but did not affect plasma contents of cystathionine, cystine, or cysteic acid. Accordingly, the mRNA expressions of cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase in cysteine sulfinic acid pathway and cysteamine dioxygenase (ADO) in sulfinic acid (CS) pathway, which were both involved in taurine synthesis, were also upregulated in the liver. Meanwhile, the microbial communities in <i>M. amblycephala</i> intestine were more stable and uniform with betaine supplementation. Therefore, dietary betaine supplementation may exert its protective roles in improving feed efficiency and liver health of <i>M. amblycephala</i> via promoting de novo taurine synthesis and stabilizing intestinal microbial communities.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/9632883","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142404251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Potential of Defatted Yellow Mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) Meal as an Alternative Protein Source for Juvenile Chinese Mitten Crab (Eriocheir sinensis)","authors":"Wenxiang Yao,&nbsp;Chunyan Zhang,&nbsp;Sai Zhang,&nbsp;Guoan Hua,&nbsp;Sitong Zhao,&nbsp;Huiyang Shuang,&nbsp;Ningyang Sun,&nbsp;Yijun Sun,&nbsp;Lumpan Poolsawat,&nbsp;Jianguo Wang,&nbsp;Quan Wang","doi":"10.1155/2024/8782924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/8782924","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>This study was aimed to investigate the effects of replacing dietary fish meal (FM) with defatted yellow mealworm (<i>Tenebrio molitor</i>) meal (DYM) on growth performance, intestinal health, serum immune, and antioxidant indexes of juvenile Chinese mitten crab (<i>Eriocheir sinensis</i>). Four hundred juvenile Chinese mitten crabs (4.94 ± 0.08 g) were randomly distributed into five groups in quadruplicate (20 crabs per tank), and each group was fed with diets that replaced FM with DYM at 0% (CON, containing 200 g/kg FM), 25% (DYM25), 50% (DYM50), 75% (DYM75), and 100% (DYM100) for 8 weeks, respectively. The results showed that the growth, serum immune and antioxidant indexes, digestive enzyme activities, intestinal histology, and microbiota composition of DYM25, DYM50, and DYM75 groups all reached the similar level as the CON group. While when 100% fishmeal was replaced, significantly decreased the final body weight (FBW), weight gain (WG), serum alkaline phosphatase (AKP), acid phosphatase (ACP), lysozyme (LZM), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activities, hepatopancreas protease activity, mid-intestine folds height and number (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), significantly increased the feed conversion ratio (FCR), serum malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and the abundance of intestinal harmful bacteria <i>Shewanella</i> (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Overall, these results suggest that 75% dietary FM (150 g/kg) can be effectively replaced by DYM without negative impact on the growth performance, intestinal health, serum immune, and antioxidant indexes of juvenile <i>E. sinensis</i>.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/8782924","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142360051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Combination of Host-Associated Bacillus megaterium R32 and Stachyose Promotes the Intestinal Health of Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus. L)","authors":"Yaoyao Kong,&nbsp;Sifan Zhao,&nbsp;Weihao Ou,&nbsp;Kangsen Mai,&nbsp;Yanjiao Zhang","doi":"10.1155/2024/8658386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/8658386","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of host-associated <i>Bacillus megaterium</i> R32 and stachyose on the intestinal mucosal defense system of turbot (<i>Scophthalmus maximus</i>. L). Three isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated: control diet (C), control diet with 1.0 × 10⁸ CFU/g <i>B. megaterium</i> R32 (RC), and 1.0 × 10⁸ CFU/g <i>B. megaterium</i> R32 + 1.5% stachyose (RS) supplementation separately. The results showed that diets RS and RC significantly inhibited the expression of cell development and apoptosis-related genes (<i>β-catenin</i>, <i>CyclinD1</i>, <i>BAX</i>, <i>Bid</i>); diets RS and RC significantly increased the expression of intestinal tight junction protein <i>claudin-4</i>, while RS group significantly decreased the expression of <i>myosin light chain kinase</i>; diets RS and RC significantly decreased the expression of proinflammatory factors (<i>IL-13</i>, <i>IL-15</i>, <i>IFN- γ</i>), diet RS also significantly decreased the expression of <i>TNF-α</i> and <i>AP-1</i>, and increased the expression of <i>TGF-β</i>. 16s rRNA gene sequencing results showed that diets RS and RC significantly decreased the abundance of conditional pathogenic bacteria (<i>Corynebacterium</i>, <i>Desulfovibrio</i>, <i>Escherichia-Shigella</i>). Among them, the abundance of <i>Bacillus</i> in the RS group was the highest. It is concluded that the combination of stachyose and <i>B. megaterium</i> R32 had a more positive effect on intestinal cell development and barrier function and strengthened the intestinal mucosal defense system of turbot.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/8658386","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142360052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Fish Feed Sector in Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, and Rwanda: Current Status, Challenges, and Strategies for Improvement—A Comprehensive Review","authors":"Jonathan Munguti,&nbsp;Mavindu Muthoka,&nbsp;Mercy Chepkirui,&nbsp;Domitila Kyule,&nbsp;Kevin Obiero,&nbsp;Erick Ogello,&nbsp;Nazael A. Madalla,&nbsp;Gerald Kwikiriza","doi":"10.1155/2024/8484451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/8484451","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>This review paper provides an in-depth analysis of the current status, challenges, and strategies for improvement within the fish feed industry in East Africa, focusing on Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, and Rwanda. Aquaculture production in these countries is experiencing steady growth, driven by increasing demand for fish and fish products for both nutritional and economic purposes. Despite the market facilitating the transition from extensive to semi-intensive and moderately intensive farming systems across the four countries, the sector’s progress is hampered by a lack of sustainable, locally produced, high-quality, and cost-effective fish feeds tailored to different developmental stages of fish. Despite the evident need, there is a notable scarcity of comprehensive reviews addressing the regional perspective of fish feed due to heightened cross-border trade driven by the soaring demand and increased installation of cages in Lake Victoria, as well as in inland dams and reservoirs. This paper addresses critical challenges, such as regional scarcity and limited access to quality feed ingredients, regulatory obstacles, insufficient quality control measures, infrastructure constraints, and a lack of awareness and understanding of feed management and formulation. To overcome these challenges, the paper recommends fostering collaboration to establish a robust regional fish feed supply chain, investing in research and development initiatives, advocating for policy reforms and regulatory support, and compliance with East African Community quality standards for fish feed. Moreover, there is an urgent need to enhance human resource capacity through training and extension services, promote public investment support, strengthen sector institutions and industry associations, conduct training and awareness programs for feed providers, and improve storage facilities to maintain feed quality. The paper provides policymakers with valuable insights to inform targeted interventions that will catalyze positive transformation within the fish feed industry in East Africa.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/8484451","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142320767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Diets Supplemented With Yeast, Chitin, and Chitosan on the Growth, Immune, and Antioxidant Responses of the Freshwater Prawn Cryphiops (Cryphiops) caementarius","authors":"Walter Reyes-Avalos,&nbsp;Carlos Azañero-Díaz,&nbsp;Gladis Melgarejo-Velasquez,&nbsp;Carmen Yzásiga-Barrera,&nbsp;Brian Alegre-Calvo,&nbsp;Roberto Lezama-Salazar","doi":"10.1155/2024/1727130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/1727130","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The purpose of the present research was to evaluate the effect of diets supplemented with activated yeast, crude chitin, and chitosan on the growth, immune, and antioxidant response of freshwater prawn <i>Cryphiops</i> (<i>Cryphiops</i>) <i>caementarius</i>. Adult male prawns were kept in individual culture vessels installed in aquarium tanks. The basal diet (control) was supplemented with activated <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> yeast (60 g/kg), crude chitin (20 g/kg), and chitosan (1 g/kg). Each dietary treatment consisted of three replicates. The diet supplemented with activated yeast causes greater growth, as well as a greater number of total hemocytes (82.54 × 10⁵ cells/mL), semigranular (59 × 10⁵ cells/mL), and granular (18.67 × 10⁵ cells/mL) hemocytes and without atypical hemocytes. Furthermore, a higher number of hemocytes positive for prophenoloxidase (98%), a shorter hemolymph clotting time (42.87 s), a higher activity of acid phosphatase (12.50 U/mL) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) (0.186 U/mL) were also observed in dietary yeast group. On the contrary, there were no differences in the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme in prawns from any dietary treatment. Results from this research demonstrate for the first time that the diet containing activated yeast increases the growth and immune response of the freshwater prawn through a significant increase in hemocyte and acid phosphatase levels, a decrease in hemolymph clotting time, and a greater number of proPO-positive hemocytes. However, activated yeast is not effective in increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes SOD and GST. Therefore, the activated yeast diet can be useful to improve the aquaculture production of <i>C</i>. (<i>C</i>.) <i>caementarius</i> and possibly of other commercially important crustaceans.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/1727130","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142273255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Substitution of Fish Meal or Chicken Meal With Yeast Culture in Diets of Bullfrogs (Lithobates catesbeianus): Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Indices, Intestinal Digestive Enzyme, Hepatic Antioxidant, and Hepatic and Intestinal Histology","authors":"Yun-Feng Chen,&nbsp;Zhong-Chao Sun,&nbsp;Xu Yang,&nbsp;Yu-Fei Zheng,&nbsp;Yuan-Yuan Wang,&nbsp;Xiao-Qin Li,&nbsp;Xiang-Jun Leng","doi":"10.1155/2024/2178697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/2178697","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The aim of this study was to reveal the effects of yeast culture replacing fish meal (FM) or chicken meal (CM) on the growth performance, serum biochemical indexes, intestinal digestive enzyme activities, hepatic antioxidant, and hepatic and intestinal histology of bullfrog (<i>Lithobates catesbeianus</i>). The basal diet contained 100 g/kg FM and 100 g/kg CM, and then yeast culture was used to decrease FM or CM level to 75 and 50 g/kg with yeast culture inclusion of 32 and 64 g/kg, respectively, resulting in five groups of isonitrogenous diets (control, FM75, FM50, CM75, and CM50). A total of 450 bullfrogs (45.5 ± 0.4 g initial weight) were fed the five diets for 50 days. (1) The FM50 group presented significantly lower weight gain, condition factor, hind leg index, and higher feed conversion ratio than the control group, while the other three groups of FM75, CM75, and CM50 showed no significant difference in growth performance when compared to the control group. (2) The serum triglyceride content of FM50 group was significantly lower, while the alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly higher than those of the control group. The serum total cholesterol levels were significantly lower in the CM50 group compared to the control group. (3) In intestinal digestive enzyme activities, the trypsin and α-amylase activities in the CM75 and CM50 groups, the trypsin activity in the FM75 group, and lipase activity in the CM50 group were all significantly higher than those in the other groups. (4) The replacement of 50% FM with yeast culture (FM50 and CM50 groups) promoted the total antioxidant capacity in the liver, but compared to the control group, the intestinal villi height and muscularis propria thickness in the FM50 group were significantly lower. There was no difference (<i>P</i> &gt; 0.05) in liver histology among all the groups. In conclusion, in a basal diet containing 100 g/kg FM and 100 g/kg CM, 32.0 and 64.0 g/kg yeast cultures could successfully replace 25% of dietary FM and 50% of dietary CM without negative effects on the growth performance, serum biochemical indexes, and hepatic and intestinal health of bullfrogs.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/2178697","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142273254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Chlorogenic Acid Improved Muscle Quality, Antioxidant Capacity, and Pro-Inflammatory Responses of Blackspotted Croaker Protonibea diacanthus","authors":"Haoran Zhang,&nbsp;Haoji Guo,&nbsp;Jiali Lin,&nbsp;Xianda He,&nbsp;Hua Rong,&nbsp;Fan Lin,&nbsp;Xiaobo Wen","doi":"10.1155/2024/7867796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/7867796","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The widespread use of commercial feeds with high-fat content in aquaculture may lead to oxidative stress and inflammation in fish during culture, which may cause changes in fish muscle texture. Therefore, mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation during fish farming holds paramount importance in improving fish muscle quality. In this study, we investigated the effect of different dietary levels of chlorogenic acid (CGA; 0, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1600 mg/kg diet, P1–P6) in commercial diets on the muscle of blackspotted croaker (<i>Protonibea diacanthu</i>s) through an 8-week feeding trial in open sea cages. The results showed that high dietary CGA levels (P5–P6) could significantly reduce muscle oxidative stress and inflammation (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Muscle toughness (hardness, chewiness, shear force, and gumminess) improved significantly as CGA levels increased (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). It was also observed that the gap of muscle fiber was significantly reduced, while the muscle fiber density was significantly increased with the increase of CGA level (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Notably, dietary CGA also had a significant effect on collagen content in the muscle (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), which may also be a crucial factor affecting muscle texture. Furthermore, it was found that the reduction of inflammation and increase of collagen deposition in muscle by dietary CGA may be related to the upregulation of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-<i>β</i>) signaling pathway. Finally, it can be concluded that a dietary CGA supplementation of 1173.11 mg/kg is suggested for the aquaculture of <i>P. diacanthus</i>, based on the muscle texture quality.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/7867796","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142273070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Sodium Acetate Supplementation on Growth, Hematologic and Plasma Biochemical Parameter, Lipid Deposition, and Intestinal Health of Juvenile Golden Pompano Trachinotus ovatus Fed High-Lipid Diets","authors":"Pengwei Xun,&nbsp;Siling Zhuang,&nbsp;Handong Yao,&nbsp;Jinhao Su,&nbsp;Yukai Yang,&nbsp;Hu Shu,&nbsp;Wei Yu,&nbsp;Heizhao Lin","doi":"10.1155/2024/7904141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/7904141","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Experimental diets were formulated including the suitable lipid level (10%, PC), the high-lipid level (16%, HL), and HL containing sodium acetate diets (HS). Three diets were fed golden pompano (<i>Trachinotus ovatus</i>) (initial body weight: 12.88 ± 0.03 g) for 8 weeks. The results showed HL diets significantly increased hepatosomatic index (HSI) and abdominal fat percentage (ASF), aggravated liver lipid deposition, and caused blood metabolic disorder and liver damage (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Moreover, the fish fed HL diets significantly decreased intestinal villus number (VN) and muscular layer thickness (MLT) (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), accompanied with an increased trend in the relative abundance of intestinal pathogenic bacteria such as <i>Mycoplasma</i> and <i>Photobacterium</i>. However, the fish fed HS diets significantly decreased the HSI and AFP, relieved hepatic lipid deposition, improved blood and liver metabolism, and intestinal morphology in comparison to the fish fed HL diets (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). More importantly, sodium acetate addition improved intestinal microbiota by inhibiting the proportion of pathogens (<i>Mycoplasma</i> and <i>Vibrio</i>) and increasing the abundance of probiotics (<i>Bacteroidales_S24-7_group_norank</i>, <i>Cetobacterium</i>, <i>Bacteroides</i>, and <i>Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group</i>). Furthermore, there was a strong correlation between these bacteria (<i>Mycoplasma</i>, <i>Vibrio</i>, <i>Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group</i>, <i>Bacteroidales_S24-7_group_norank</i>, <i>Bacteroides</i>, and <i>Cetobacterium</i>) and main physiological indices. In conclusion, sodium acetate improved blood performance, alleviated hepatic lipid deposition induced by HL diets, and boosted the growth and intestinal health for golden pompano.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/7904141","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142152319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulatory Effects of Myo-Inositol on Carbohydrate Metabolism and Low-Salinity Adaptation in Pacific White Shrimp (Penaeus vannamei)","authors":"Shengwei Lin,&nbsp;Fenglu Han,&nbsp;Zhao Li,&nbsp;Tong Chang,&nbsp;Zelong Zhang,&nbsp;Xianming Xiao,&nbsp;Yiting Wu,&nbsp;Chang Xu,&nbsp;Erchao Li","doi":"10.1155/2024/5276547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/5276547","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>This study investigated how dietary <i>myo</i>-inositol affects osmoregulation, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, immunity, and antioxidant properties in <i>Penaeus vannamei</i> under long-term low-salinity conditions. A two-factor (2 × 3) orthogonal approach was used with three different concentrations of dietary <i>myo</i>-inositol (0, 1,200, and 2,000 mg/kg) at two dietary carbohydrate levels: normal carbohydrate or high carbohydrate (HC). Six experimental diets were formulated, and a feeding trial was carried out for 42 days. The interaction of <i>myo</i>-inositol with an HC diet significantly improved shrimp survival, weight gain, and specific growth rates. Dietary <i>myo</i>-inositol increased the contents of Na⁺, K⁺, and Ca²⁺ in the serum and reduced the ion loss caused by low-salinity stress. In addition, a lack of <i>myo</i>-inositol can lead to loosening of gill filament connections and thinning or disappearance of the cuticle. However, <i>myo</i>-inositol supplementation protected the structural and functional integrity of the shrimp gills and significantly enhanced the ion transport capacity (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Two-factor analysis showed that <i>myo</i>-inositol concentration was affected by dietary carbohydrate levels, and an HC diet enhanced <i>myo</i>-inositol biosynthesis in shrimp gills (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). The concentrations of <i>myo</i>-inositol are highest in the gills and lowest in the liver and pancreas. Moreover, dietary <i>myo</i>-inositol can improve the immune function and antioxidant capacity of <i>P. vannamei</i>. The results also indicated that under sustained low-salinity stress, high levels of carbohydrates cannot relieve the stress caused by low-salinity conditions and can even affect the healthy growth of <i>P. vannamei</i>. Under HC levels, adding dietary <i>myo</i>-inositol significantly improved glycogen and lipid deposition in hepatopancreas tissue and enhanced carbohydrate utilization and osmotic adjustment ability in <i>P. vannamei</i> under chronic low-salinity stress.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/5276547","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142100481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Dietary Yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Costmary, Tanacetum balsamita, Essential Oil on Growth Performance, Digestive Enzymes, Biochemical Parameters, and Disease Resistance in Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus","authors":"Hossein Adineh,&nbsp;Morteza Yousefi,&nbsp;Basim S. A. Al Sulivany,&nbsp;Ehsan Ahmadifar,&nbsp;Mohammad Farhangi,&nbsp;Seyyed Morteza Hoseini","doi":"10.1155/2024/1388002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/1388002","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The present study assessed the effects of dietary yeast, <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>, and costmary, <i>Tanacetum balsamita</i>, essential oil on growth performance, biochemical parameters, and disease resistance of Nile tilapia, <i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>. Four diets containing 1 g/kg yeast (Sc), 0.1 g/kg costmary essential oil (Tb), 1 g/kg yeast + 0.1 g/kg costmary essential oil (Sc + Tb), and without Sc and Tb (control) were formulated and fed (2.5% per day) to triplicate groups of fish (average: 9.8 g; SD : 0.12) for 8 weeks. Each replicate was a 70-L tank, stocked with 25 fish. Then, the fish were intraperitoneally challenged by <i>Aeromonas hydrophila</i>, and blood samples were taken from the fish before and 12 hr postinfection. All experimental groups showed significantly higher growth performance and feed efficiency, compared to the control, and the highest values were related to Sc + Tb treatment (<i>P</i>  &lt; 0.001). Sc group showed significant elevations in the intestinal amylase, lipase, and protease activities, but Tb group showed only elevation in lipase activity. The highest amylase (<i>P</i> = 0.026), lipase (<i>P</i> = 0.036), and protease (<i>P</i> = 0.009) activities were observed in Sc + Tb treatment. The postchallenge survival of Sc (70.0%), Tb (73.3%), and Sc + Tb (76.6%) treatments were significantly (<i>P</i> = 0.038) higher than the control (56.6%). Bacterial challenge significantly increased plasma cortisol, glucose, malondialdehyde, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase, but decreased lysozyme, alternative complement, albumin, globulin, and catalase (<i>P</i>  &lt; 0.001). The Tb treatment showed improvements in plasma antioxidant, immunological, and biochemical parameters, compared to the Sc treatment. The Sc + Tb treatment showed the highest albumin, globulin, lysozyme, total immunoglobulin, alternative complement, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase, but the lowest cortisol, glucose, malondialdehyde, and catalase, before/after the challenge (<i>P</i>  &lt; 0.001). In conclusion, dietary Sc + Tb supplementation positively affects growth performance, antioxidant, and immunological responses, thereby augments resistance of Nile tilapia to <i>A. hydrophila</i> infection.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8225,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Nutrition","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/1388002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142084565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}