Antioxidants最新文献

{"title":"Beacon of Hope for Age-Related Retinopathy: Antioxidative Mechanisms and Pre-Clinical Trials of Quercetin Therapy.","authors":"Ning Pu, Siyu Li, Hao Wu, Na Zhao, Kexin Wang, Dong Wei, Jiale Wang, Lulu Sha, Yameng Zhao, Ye Tao, Zongming Song","doi":"10.3390/antiox14050561","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14050561","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Age-related retinopathy is one of the leading causes of visual impairment and irreversible blindness, characterized by progressive neuronal and myelin loss. The damages caused by oxidation contributes to the hallmarks of aging and represents fundamental components in pathological pathways that are thought to drive multiple age-related retinopathies. Quercetin (Que), a natural polyphenol abundant in vegetables, herbs, and fruits, has been extensively studied for its long-term antioxidative effects mediated through diverse mechanisms. Additionally, Que and its derivatives exhibit a broad spectrum of pharmacological characteristics in the cellular responses of age-related retinopathy induced by oxidative stress, including anti-inflammatory, anti-neovascularization, regulatory, and neuroprotective effects in autophagy and apoptosis processes. This review mainly focuses on the antioxidative mechanisms and curative effects of Que treatment for various age-related retinopathies, such as retinitis pigmentosa, diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and glaucoma. Furthermore, we discuss emerging technologies and methods involving Que and its derivatives in the therapeutic strategies for age-related retinopathies, highlighting their promise for clinical translation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108410/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogen Sulfide (H₂S) Metabolism, Iron Overload, and Apoptosis-Autophagy Equilibrium in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells.","authors":"Hassan Mustafa Arif, Ming Fu, Rui Wang","doi":"10.3390/antiox14050560","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14050560","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Iron overload contributes to proliferative vascular diseases, yet its interplay with hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation remains poorly understood. This study elucidates H₂S's role in mitigating iron-overload-induced oxidative stress and cellular damage. Using aortic VSMCs from wildtype (WT) and cystathionine γ-lyase-knockout (CSE-KO) mice treated with ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) at concentrations equivalent to serum levels of iron and citrate, we demonstrate that FAC triggers the integrated stress response (ISR) in WT cells, upregulating CSE to enhance H₂S production. The ISR mediator ATF4 activates caspases but simultaneously induces CSE, which inhibits caspase activity and promotes autophagy via AMPK signaling. In CSE-KO cells, iron overload leads to diminished Ferritin upregulation, unchecked Caspase activation, and impaired autophagy compared to WT cells. Exogenous H₂S restored iron homeostasis by enhancing Ferritin expression, activating NRF2 antioxidant pathways, and restoring apoptosis-autophagy equilibrium in both WT and KO cells. These findings establish H₂S as a critical regulator of iron-induced VSMC dysfunction, highlighting its therapeutic potential in managing vascular pathologies linked to iron dysregulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108171/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyphenol Content and Antioxidant Activity in Homemade and Commercial Soups: A Theoretical and Experimental Approach.","authors":"Monika Sejbuk, Iwona Mirończuk-Chodakowska, Małgorzata Kuczyńska, Anna Maria Witkowska","doi":"10.3390/antiox14050563","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14050563","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Most studies on polyphenols and antioxidant activity focus on raw ingredients, often overlooking the impact of technological processes-a gap that is particularly notable given that many population studies rely on theoretical calculations from nutritional databases. Therefore, it is essential to verify whether these theoretical values align with experimental findings on model dishes and to determine the extent to which processing affects polyphenol content and antioxidant activity in processed foods. <b>Methods</b>: As model dishes, this study analyzed soups prepared through thermal processing, along with commercially available ready-to-eat and instant soups. Total polyphenol content was measured using the Singleton-Rossi method, while antioxidant activity was assessed using the FRAP (ferric-reducing antioxidant potential) method and an electrochemical method. Theoretical calculations were performed based on original recipes from Polish nutritional value tables, as well as data from available polyphenol and antioxidant activity databases for raw ingredients. <b>Results</b>: The total polyphenol content varied significantly between experimental measurements and theoretical calculations, with deviations ranging from -42% to +1370%. FRAP antioxidant activity also differed, ranging from -62% to +524%, depending on the type of soup. The polyphenol content in homemade soups ranged from 3.692 to 16.534 mg GAE/100 mL, in ready-to-eat soups from 4.387 to 18.431 mg GAE/100 mL, and in instant soups from 1.624 to 7.254 mg GAE/100 mL, with tomato soups consistently having the highest polyphenol content across all categories. FRAP values ranged from 0.021 to 0.189 mmol/100 g in homemade soups, 0.029 to 0.269 mmol/100 g in ready-to-eat soups, and 0.033 to 0.134 mmol/100 g in instant soups, with tomato soups again showing the highest FRAP values. Antioxidant activity measured electrochemically ranged from 44.410 to 52.467 mC/g in homemade soups, 22.750 to 58.900 mC/g in ready-to-eat soups, and 22.515 to 47.680 mC/g in instant soups, with broccoli soups showing the highest values. <b>Conclusions</b>: This study demonstrates that theoretical models alone are insufficient for accurately determining polyphenol content and antioxidant activity in food, reinforcing the importance of experimental validation in processed food.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108172/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guanidinoacetic Acid and Methionine Supplementation Improve the Growth Performance of Beef Cattle via Regulating the Antioxidant Levels and Protein and Lipid Metabolisms in Serum and Liver.","authors":"Simeng Yi, Jinze Wang, Boping Ye, Xin Yi, Abudusaimijiang Abudukelimu, Hao Wu, Qingxiang Meng, Zhenming Zhou","doi":"10.3390/antiox14050559","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14050559","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) has been used in ruminant feeding, but it is still unclear whether the exogenous addition of methyl donors, such as methionine (Met), can enhance the effects of GAA. This study investigated the effects of dietary GAA alone or combined with Met on beef cattle growth performance and explored the underlying mechanisms via blood analysis, liver metabolomics, and transcriptomics. Forty-five Simmental bulls (453.43 ± 29.05 kg) were assigned to three groups for 140 days: CON (control), GAA (0.1% GAA), and GAM (0.1% GAA + 0.1% Met), where each group consisted of 15 bulls. Compared with the CON group, the average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion efficiency (FCE) of the two feed additive groups were significantly increased, and the digestibility of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) was improved (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Among the three treatment groups, the GAM group showed a higher rumen total volatile fatty acids (TVFAs) content and digestibility of dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) in the beef cattle. The serum indices showed that the contents of indicators related to protein metabolism, lipid metabolism, and creatine metabolism showed different increases in the additive groups (<i>p</i> < 0.05). It is worth noting that the antioxidant indexes in the serum and liver tissues of beef cattle in the two additive groups were significantly improved (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The liver metabolites related to protein metabolism (e.g., L-asparagine, L-glutamic acid) and lipid metabolism (e.g., PC (17:0/0:0)) were elevated in two additive groups, where Met further enhanced the amino acid metabolism in GAM. In the two additive groups, transcriptomic profiling identified significant changes in the expression of genes associated with protein metabolism (including <i>PIK3CD</i>, <i>AKT3</i>, <i>EIF4E</i>, <i>HDC</i>, and <i>SDS</i>) and lipid metabolism (such as <i>CD36</i>, <i>SCD5</i>, <i>ABCA1</i>, <i>APOC2</i>, <i>GPD2</i>, and <i>LPCAT2</i>) in the hepatic tissues of cattle (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Overall, the GAA and Met supplementation enhanced the growth performance by improving the nutrient digestibility, serum protein and creatine metabolisms, antioxidant capacity, and hepatic energy and protein and lipid metabolisms. The inclusion of Met in the diet was shown to enhance the nutrient digestibility and promote more efficient amino acid metabolism within the liver of the beef cattle.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108366/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding Peroxidase Gene Function in Heat Stress Adaptation of <i>Tetranychus urticae</i>: Unraveling Molecular Mechanisms of Short-Term Thermal Tolerance.","authors":"Yaonian Chen, Yuan Liu, Rangjun Wang, Pengcheng Nie, Bin Wei, Rasha S Abdel-Fattah, Suqin Shang, Youssef Dewer","doi":"10.3390/antiox14050562","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14050562","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Tetranychus urticae</i> (Acari: Tetranychidae) is a widely distributed agricultural pest, and it possesses an exceptional capacity to withstand or adapt to short-term heat stress. To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying this heat tolerance, using both transcriptome and whole-genome data, we identified six distinct <i>POD</i> genes in <i>T. urticae</i> and characterized their physicochemical properties and structural features. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was utilized to analyze the expression profiles of these genes under short-term heat stress. Our results show that <i>T. urticae</i> mitigates heat-induced oxidative stress through the upregulation of <i>POD</i> gene expression, highlighting the critical role of these genes in the mite's adaptive response to thermal stress. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the molecular pathways that enable <i>T. urticae</i> to survive in fluctuating thermal environments, which is increasingly relevant in the context of global climate change. Furthermore, this study provides a foundation for future research utilizing RNA interference (RNAi) technology to further investigate the functional roles of these <i>POD</i> genes and their potential as targets for pest control strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preventive Effect of Probiotic <i>Leuconostoc mesenteroides</i> H40 Against Cognitive Disorder by Anti-Inflammatory, Synaptic Plasticity Regulation, and Antioxidant Effects.","authors":"Na-Kyoung Lee, Yunjung Lee, Minhye Won, Nayeong Kim, Eunju Park, Hyun-Dong Paik","doi":"10.3390/antiox14050565","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14050565","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Live <i>Leuconostoc mesenteroides</i> H40 has been reported to have probiotic properties; however, the effect of its live probiotic form on cognitive ability has not been reported. This study investigated modulatory effects of the probiotic <i>L. mesenteroides</i> H40 in an ICR mouse model (male) of cognitive disorders. Cognitive disorders were induced in mice by the addition of scopolamine (1 mg/kg/day) with donepezil (2 mg/kg/day) as a medicinal control. <i>L. mesenteroides</i> H40 significantly attenuated scopolamine-induced cognitive disorder in the novel object recognition and Y-maze tests in a concentration-dependent manner. <i>L. mesenteroides</i> H40 decreased amyloid β levels, but increased β-secretase levels. The mRNA expression levels of <i>inducible nitric oxide synthase</i> (<i>iNOS</i>) and <i>cyclooxygenase (COX)-2</i> significantly decreased following <i>L. mesenteroides</i> H40 treatment. Additionally, TNF-α, IL-1β, and PGE2 protein expression was decreased. Acetylcholine, acetylcholinesterase, choline acetyltransferase, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) levels were increased in the brain tissues. The antioxidant effects of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase were also alleviated. We demonstrated that <i>L. mesenteroides</i> H40 exhibits neuroprotective effects through anti-inflammatory, synaptic plasticity regulation, and antioxidant effects. Thus, the probiotic <i>L. mesenteroides</i> H40 could be used as a prophylactic functional food for cognitive disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108271/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activities of White and Red Wines from Different Varieties and Wine Regions in Romania.","authors":"Ovidiu Tița, Petronela Anca Onache, Elisabeta-Irina Geana, Corina Teodora Ciucure, Dorin Ioan Sumedrea, Alina Florea","doi":"10.3390/antiox14050564","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14050564","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The characteristics of the variety from which the wine is made, the geographical area of production, the year of production, and the technology of winemaking are the parameters with the most influence on the total content of polyphenols, the polyphenolic profile, and the antioxidant activity of wine. For this reason, a polyphenolic screen can help establish the authenticity of wines. For this study, 50 samples of white and red wine from different wine areas were collected. For these samples, a qualitative and quantitative analysis was carried out on the polyphenolic profile. The polyphenolic profiles of the studied wines were determined using UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS (mass spectrometry with tandem ionization with high-performance liquid chromatography). Among the non-flavonoid acids, gallic acids, p-coumarnic, and syringic acids in red wines showed higher concentrations in all samples, while resveratrol was present in concentrations from 0.605 to 12.38 mg/L in red wines, and white wines ranged from 0.07 to 0.35 mg/L. For flavonoids, -catechin (0.187 m/L-130.98 mg/L in red wines and 0.04-4.45 mg/L) and (-)-epi-catechin showed the highest concentrations, reaching up to 29.78 mg/L in red wines.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108437/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploratory Data Analysis of the In Vitro Effects of Novel Hydrazide-Hydrazone Antioxidants in the Context of In Silico Predictors.","authors":"Yordan Yordanov, Virginia Tzankova, Denitsa Stefanova, Maya Georgieva, Diana Tzankova","doi":"10.3390/antiox14050566","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14050566","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Substantial in vitro experimental data have been produced about the safety, antioxidant, neuro- and hepatoprotective effects of a series of recently synthesized N-pyrrolyl hydrazide-hydrazones (compounds <b>5</b>, <b>5a</b>-<b>5g</b>). However, compound activity across multiple assays varies and it is challenging to elucidate the favorable physicochemical characteristics of the studied compounds and guide further lead optimization. The aim of the current study is to apply exploratory data analysis in order to profile the biological effects of the novel hydrazide-hydrazones, gain insights related to their mechanisms of action in the context of in silico predictions and identify key predictor-outcome relationships. We collected a dataset from available in vitro studies of compounds <b>5</b>, <b>5a</b>-<b>5g</b>. It included cytotoxicity values, protection against hydrogen peroxide-induced damage in HepG2 and SH-SY5Y cells, two radical scavenging assays and a hemolysis assay across a range of treatment concentrations. SwissADME-based predictions of chemometric and ADME parameters and pro-oxidant enzyme docking data were generated to provide context for the interpretation of in vitro outcome patterns and identify causal relationships. Multiple factor analysis (MFA), followed by hierarchical clustering on principal components (HCPC), was applied to profile compounds' biological behavior. This revealed that differences in the number of H-bond donors, in the permeability coefficient and in the docking scores to two pro-oxidant enzymes could aid in explaining the effects of compounds with similar in vitro profiles. HCPC differentiated <b>5a</b> as mostly neuroprotective, <b>5</b> and <b>5d</b> as hepatoprotective radical scavengers, <b>5g</b> with higher docking affinity to 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) and <b>5b</b>, <b>5c</b> and <b>5f</b> as having less H-bond donors and variable in vitro activity. The consensus application of three variable selection approaches based on standard lasso regression, robust penalized regression and random forest confirmed the relationships between some in vitro outcomes and LogP, pan-assay interference (PAINS) alerts, 5-LOX allosteric site docking and H-bond donor numbers. The exploratory analysis of the combined in vitro and in silico dataset provides useful insights which could help explain the major drivers behind the experimental results. It can be informative in the design of new, improved members of the series of novel N-pyrrolyl hydrazide-hydrazones with better neuroprotective potential and less side effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108285/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinetic Modeling and Biological Activities of <i>Rosa canina</i> L. Pseudo-Fruit Extracts Obtained via Enzyme-Assisted Extraction.","authors":"Zafeiria Lemoni, Styliani Kalantzi, Theopisti Lymperopoulou, Andromachi Tzani, Georgios Stavropoulos, Anastasia Detsi, Diomi Mamma","doi":"10.3390/antiox14050558","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14050558","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE) of bioactive compounds from the pseudo-fruit of the wild rose (<i>Rosa canina</i> L.), also known as rosehip, using a commercial cellulolytic enzyme preparation, Cellic^® CTec3 HS. The effects of extraction time, solid to liquid ratio, and enzyme loading on total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were evaluated. The highest yields of TPC (168.3 ± 1.1 GAE/g DM) and TFC (72.3 ± 0.8 mg CAE/g DM) were obtained at 360 min, using 1% (<i>v</i>/<i>v</i>) enzyme loading and a 6% (<i>w</i>/<i>v</i>) solid to liquid ratio. Kinetic modeling of the extraction process was performed using first-order, second-order, Peleg's, and power law models. The power law model best described the extraction dynamics. The obtained extracts were assessed for their biological activities including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-aging, and anti-diabetic properties. The extract obtained under optimal extraction conditions exhibited potent tyrosinase inhibition (80%) and moderate to low inhibition of α-glucosidase (15%) and α-amylase (20%) activities. The IC₅₀ for DPPH radical scavenging was 0.44 μL extract/mL while the extract exhibited significant antibacterial activity against <i>Escherichia coli</i> growth (79% inhibition). These findings suggest that the extract, obtained through EAE, has promising biological properties with potential applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108363/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Alleviates Heat Stress-Induced Renal Injury in Laying Hens by Improving Mitochondrial Quality and Enhancing Antioxidant Activity.","authors":"Fumika Nanto-Hara, Haruhiko Ohtsu","doi":"10.3390/antiox14050556","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14050556","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) on laying hens to alleviate chronic heat stress-induced renal damage, resulting in improved egg productivity and eggshell quality. A total of 57 white-leghorn laying hens (46 weeks old) were randomly assigned to three groups and fed three experimental diets with different levels of ALA (0, 10, and 100 ppm) for 1 week. The birds in each group were then divided into two subgroups; one of the two subgroups was subjected to heat stress (33 °C for 3 weeks), whereas the other group was maintained at 24 °C. Heat exposure significantly decreased the laying rate and eggshell strength and caused renal damage, whereas ALA supplementation alleviated heat-induced poor productivity and renal damage. ALA increased the renal mitochondrial DNA copy number and downregulated the expression of the cGAS-STING pathway-related genes in the kidneys of heat-stressed hens. Furthermore, ALA upregulated the renal expression levels of <i>NRF2</i> and <i>HO-1</i>, whereas it downregulated those of <i>NF-κB</i> and tended to decrease the content of TBARS in the kidney (<i>p</i> = 0.07). Dietary ALA confers a renal protective effect by reducing heat-induced mitochondrial damage and enhancing antioxidant activity, which may contribute to improved productivity under chronic heat stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108323/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}