Antioxidants最新文献

{"title":"Antioxidants Acteoside and Orientin as Emerging Agents in Synergistic Cancer Therapy: A Focus on Innovative Applications.","authors":"Jagoda Szkudlarek, Ludwika Piwowarczyk, Anna Jelińska","doi":"10.3390/antiox14070855","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14070855","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancers, particularly those resistant to treatment, stand as one of the most significant challenges in medicine. Frequently, available therapies need to be improved, underscoring the necessity for innovative treatment modalities. Over the years, there has been a resurgence of interest in natural plant substances, which have been traditionally overlooked as anticancer agents. A prime example of this is natural antioxidants, such as acteoside (ACT) and orientin (ORI), which offer novel approaches to cancer treatment, emphasizing liver cancer compared to other cancer types. They reduce oxidative stress by activating the Nrf2/ARE pathway and exhibit anticancer activity, e.g., decreasing Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL expression and increasing Bax levels. This review explores the individual effects of ACT and ORI and their synergistic interactions with sorafenib, temozolomide, 5-fluorouracil (for ACT), celecoxib, and curcumin (for ORI), highlighting their enhanced anticancer efficacy. In addition, ACT and ORI successfully integrate into various drug delivery systems (DDSs), including metal-containing carriers such as nanoparticles (NPs), nanoshells (NSs), quantum dots (QDs), and liposomes as representative examples of lipid-based drug delivery systems (LBDDSs). Advanced methods, including nanotechnology, offer potential solutions to low bioavailability, paving the way for the use of these substances in anticancer therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12291877/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144726755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulatory Effects of <i>Urtica dioica</i> on Neurodegenerative Diseases: Unveiling the Latest Findings and Applications Related to Neuroinflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Cognitive Dysfunction.","authors":"Ahlem Chira, Stefano Lorenzetti","doi":"10.3390/antiox14070854","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14070854","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over the past decade, <i>Urtica dioica</i> L. (<i>U. dioica</i>) has gained prominence in biomedical research, particularly for its potential therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases. This comprehensive review explores its botanical characteristics, toxicological considerations, and extensive traditional medicinal uses. Emphasizing the roles of phytochemical constituents such as flavonoids and overall polyphenolic compounds, this review examines their impact on mitigating critical pathways, such as neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction-all of which are implicated in Alzheimer's Disease (AD), Parkinson's Disease (PD), and Multiple Sclerosis (MS)-and, overall, in neurodegenerative processes in both humans and animal models. Notably, some phytochemicals are known to modulate crucial pathways for neuronal plasticity, learning, and memory, thereby enhancing cognitive functions. Hence, the potential of <i>U. dioica</i>-based therapies to improve cognitive function and pave the way for future therapeutic developments in neuroprotection is underscored.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12292394/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144726829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Mechanism of Protective Action of Plant-Derived Squalane (2,6,10,15,19,23-Hexamethyltetracosane) Against UVA Radiation-Induced Apoptosis in Human Dermal Fibroblasts.","authors":"Katarzyna Wolosik, Magda Chalecka, Gabriela Gasiewska, Jerzy Palka, Arkadiusz Surazynski","doi":"10.3390/antiox14070853","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14070853","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation has been identified as a significant factor contributing to skin photoaging and skin diseases, operating through the excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the subsequent induction of DNA damage. Plant-derived antioxidants have demonstrated efficacy in mitigating UVA-induced damage; nevertheless, their instability limits their therapeutic potential. This study investigates the mechanisms of antioxidant and cytoprotective effects of squalane (Sq), a stable, plant-derived triterpene, in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) exposed to UVA radiation. Sq was administered at concentrations ranging from 0.005% to 0.015% prior to UVA exposure (10 J/cm²). It has been found that Sq counteracted UVA-induced ROS formation, decreased the level of reduced thiol groups, activated apoptosis, and inhibited DNA biosynthesis. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that Sq suppressed the UVA-induced expression of p53, caspase-3, caspase-9, and PARP, while restoring the activity of the pro-survival p-Akt/mTOR pathway. The findings indicate that Sq exerts protective effects on UVA-induced fibroblast damage through a combination of antioxidant and anti-apoptotic mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12291772/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144726895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quercetin Can Alleviate ETECK88-Induced Oxidative Stress in Weaned Piglets by Inhibiting Quorum-Sensing Signal Molecule Autoinducer-2 Production in the Cecum.","authors":"Hailiang Wang, Min Yao, Dan Wang, Mingyang Geng, Shanshan Nan, Xiangjian Peng, Yuyang Xue, Wenju Zhang, Cunxi Nie","doi":"10.3390/antiox14070852","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14070852","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the inhibitory activity of quercetin at sub-inhibitory concentrations on quorum-sensing (QS) molecules in vitro and the effects of dietary supplementation with quercetin (for 24 consecutive days) on enterotoxigenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (ETEC)-induced inflammatory and oxidative stress responses in weaned piglets. The piglets were fed one of three diets: the basal diet (Con), ETEC challenge (K88) after the basal diet, or ETEC challenge (quercetin + K88) after the basal diet supplemented with 0.2% quercetin. In vitro experiments revealed that 5 mg/mL quercetin exhibited the strongest QS inhibitory activity and reduced pigment production by <i>Chromobacterium violaceum</i> ATCC12472 by 67.70%. In vivo experiments revealed that quercetin + K88 significantly increased immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin M (IgM), and immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels in the serum, ileum mucosa, and colon mucosa; increased glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in the serum, liver, and colon mucosa; and decreased cluster of differentiation 3 (CD3) and cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8)activity in the serum compared with K88 alone. Quercetin + K88 significantly alleviated pathological damage to the liver and spleen and upregulated antioxidant genes (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (<i>Nrf2</i>), heme oxygenase-1(<i>HO-1</i>), <i>CAT</i>, <i>SOD</i>, and glutathione s-transferase (<i>GST</i>)). Inducible nitric oxide synthase (<i>iNOS</i>) and kelch-like ech-associated protein 1 (<i>Keap1</i>), which cause oxidative damage to the liver and spleen, were significantly downregulated. The acetic acid content in the cecum was significantly increased, and the <i>E. coli</i> count and QS signal molecule autoinducer-2 (AI-2) yield were significantly reduced. In conclusion, 0.2% dietary quercetin can alleviate ETEC-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in weaned piglets.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12292382/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144726847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Taurine Attenuates Disuse Muscle Atrophy Through Modulation of the xCT-GSH-GPX4 and AMPK-ACC-ACSL4 Pathways.","authors":"Xi Liu, Yifen Chen, Linglin Zhang, Zhen Qi, Longhe Yang, Caihua Huang, Li Wang, Donghai Lin","doi":"10.3390/antiox14070847","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14070847","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Disused muscle atrophy (DMA) is characterized by skeletal muscle loss and functional decline due to prolonged inactivity. Though evidence remains limited, recent studies suggest that ferroptosis, an iron-dependent, lipid peroxidation-driven form of cell death, may contribute to DMA. Taurine, a natural amino acid enriched in energy drinks, can improve the proliferation and myogenic differentiation potential of myoblasts. This study aimed to investigate whether taurine supplementation could protect against DMA and explore its potential role in modulating ferroptosis. Using a hindlimb suspension-induced DMA model in male C57BL/6J mice (6-8 weeks old), we assessed muscle mass, function, ferroptosis-related markers, histopathological changes, and metabolic alterations. The results showed that taurine supplementation improved muscle strength and morphology while attenuating markers of ferroptosis, including iron accumulation, lipid peroxidation, and glutathione and related protein (NRF2, GPX4, and xCT) depletion. Metabolomic analysis suggested that taurine modulates disorders in glutathione and lipid metabolism, potentially associated with the regulation of the xCT-GSH-GPX4 and AMPK-ACC-ACSL4 pathways. While these findings support a protective role for taurine and a possible link between ferroptosis and DMA, further functional studies are needed to confirm causality and assess the compound's translational potential. This study provides initial in vivo evidence implicating ferroptosis in DMA and highlights taurine as a promising candidate for future therapeutic exploration.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12292366/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144726865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Manganese Superoxide Dismutase: Structure, Function, and Implications in Human Disease.","authors":"Jovan Grujicic, Antiño R Allen","doi":"10.3390/antiox14070848","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14070848","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a vital mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme that preserves cellular integrity by catalyzing the dismutation of superoxide radicals into hydrogen peroxide. Its central role in maintaining redox homeostasis has positioned it as a key target in biomedical research. This review provides an in-depth examination of MnSOD's structural and functional properties, regulatory mechanisms, and its involvement in the pathogenesis of various human diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12291727/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144726819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic Potential of Proanthocyanidins in Dentistry: A Focus on Periodontal Disease and on Dental Implants in Osteoporotic Patients.","authors":"Yoshimi Niwano, Shunichi Shishido, Midori Shirato, Hidetsugu Kohzaki, Keisuke Nakamura","doi":"10.3390/antiox14070850","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14070850","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Proanthocyanidins (PACs), also called condensed tannins, are oligomers or polymers composed of flavan-3-ols. This review aimed to explore the potential role of PACs in ameliorating oral health problems, with a particular focus on their effects within the intestine-especially the colon, where most orally ingested PACs are believed to accumulate. Previous studies suggest that PACs can be beneficial in periodontal disease as well as in the osseointegration of dental implants in patients with osteoporosis. Periodontal disease is worsened by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) that enter the bloodstream due to disrupted tight junctions of intestinal epithelial cells, along with inflammatory cytokines released by activated macrophages. A similar mechanism is thought to affect osseointegration: LPS-induced inflammatory cytokines originating in the intestine can enter the bloodstream, contributing to bone loss and impaired integration of dental implants. PACs absorbed by intestinal epithelial cells can function as prooxidants, triggering the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway, which strengthens the gut barrier. This enhanced barrier reduces the levels of LPS and inflammatory cytokines in the blood, leading to the alleviation of periodontal inflammation and increased alveolar bone density, thereby promoting better osseointegration of dental implants.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12291814/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144726899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Propolis Extract with Activity Against <i>Cutibacterium acnes</i> Biofilm Targeting the Expression of Virulence Genes.","authors":"Sophia Athanasopoulou, Eleni Panagiotidou, Eleni Spanidi, Maria Gkika, Danai Georgiou, Athanasios K Anagnostopoulos, Christos Ganos, Ioanna Chinou, Evangelos Beletsiotis, Konstantinos Gardikis","doi":"10.3390/antiox14070849","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14070849","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acne is a highly prevalent skin condition with multifactorial pathophysiology, where <i>Cutibacterium acnes</i> (<i>C. acnes</i>) overgrowths generate inflammation. <i>C. acnes</i> can grow and adhere, through the formation of biofilms, to almost any surface, which enables chronic infections. Acne treatment with antibiotics can induce topical antimicrobial resistance, impair microbiome biodiversity and cause cutaneous dysbiosis. In this study, we assess the effect of a standardized propolis extract (PE) from Greece against <i>C. acnes</i>, whilst maintaining skin's microbiome biodiversity, and we investigate its effect against genes related to the attachment and colonization of <i>C. acnes</i>, as well as against biofilm formation. The extract has been chemically characterized by GC-MS and was additionally tested for its antioxidant properties by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and the 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and its regulatory activity on the expression of antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory genes in normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs). The suggested efficacy of PE in targeting pathogenic <i>C. acnes</i> biofilm, via downregulation of virulence genes, represents an alternative strategy to modulate the behavior of skin microbiota in acne, paving the way for next-generation acne-targeting products.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12291756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144726846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Destructive Cycle in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: The Rationale for Systems Pharmacology Therapeutics.","authors":"Mia Teng, Tzong-Jin Wu, Kirkwood A Pritchard, Billy W Day, Stephen Naylor, Ru-Jeng Teng","doi":"10.3390/antiox14070844","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14070844","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains a significant complication of premature birth and neonatal intensive care. While much is known about the drivers of lung injury, few studies have addressed the interrelationships between oxidative stress, inflammation, and downstream events, such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. In this review, we explore the concept of a \"destructive cycle\" in which these drivers self-amplify to push the lung into a state of maladaptive repair. Animal models, primarily the hyperoxic rat pup model, support a sequential progression from the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammation to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial injury. We highlight how these intersecting pathways offer not just therapeutic targets but also opportunities for interventions that reprogram system-wide responses. Accordingly, we explore the potential of systems pharmacology therapeutics (SPTs) to address the multifactorial nature of BPD. As a prototype SPT, we describe the development of N-acetyl-L-lysyl-L-tyrosyl-L-cysteine amide (KYC), a systems chemico-pharmacology drug (SCPD), which is selectively activated in inflamed tissues and modulates key nodal targets such as high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) and Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1 (Keap1). Collectively, the data suggest that future therapies may require a coordinated, network-level approach to break the destructive cycle and enable proper regeneration rather than partial repair.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12291855/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144726893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early-Life Prevention of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome: The DOHaD Perspective on Resveratrol and Short-Chain Fatty Acids.","authors":"Chien-Ning Hsu, Ying-Jui Lin, Chih-Yao Hou, Yu-Wei Chen, You-Lin Tain","doi":"10.3390/antiox14070851","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14070851","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome underscores the interconnected biology of cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, and metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Although now recognized as a growing global health burden, accumulating preclinical evidence suggests that CKM syndrome may originate in early life-a concept rooted in the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) framework. Animal studies have greatly enhanced our comprehension of these mechanisms, emphasizing the promise of early interventions that focus on antioxidants and gut microbiota modulation to mitigate the development of CKM conditions. Resveratrol, a natural antioxidant and prebiotic, alongside short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), a postbiotic, have demonstrated the ability to modulate gut microbiota and oxidative stress in experimental models. Various resveratrol derivatives have also been engineered to improve bioavailability, though their effects remain largely confined to animal studies. This review synthesizes preclinical findings on the impact of perinatal oxidative stress and gut dysbiosis on CKM outcomes, critically examining the roles of resveratrol, SCFAs, and their derivatives in animal models. Finally, we highlight the significant translational gap between experimental research and clinical application, underscoring the need for human studies to validate these early-life intervention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12291935/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144726787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}