Antioxidants最新文献

{"title":"Non-Invasive Redox Biomarkers Detected in Organ Preservation Outflow Solution Enable Early Prediction of Human Liver Allograft Dysfunction.","authors":"Daniel Vidal-Correoso, María José Caballero-Herrero, Ana M Muñoz-Morales, Sandra V Mateo, Marta Jover-Aguilar, Felipe Alconchel, Laura Martínez-Alarcón, Víctor López-López, Antonio Ríos-Zambudio, Pedro Cascales, José Antonio Pons, Pablo Ramírez, Kristine Stromsnes, Juan Gambini, Santiago Cuevas, Alberto Baroja-Mazo","doi":"10.3390/antiox14091104","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14091104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Liver transplantation is commonly used for end-stage liver disease, but the demand for organs exceeds the supply, leading to the use of expanded criteria donors (ECDs). Organs from ECDs, especially from donors after circulatory death (DCD), encounter challenges like increased ischemia damage. Biomarkers, especially oxidative stress markers, may provide valuable insights for understanding and monitoring post-transplant events. Here, we highlight the unique value of organ preservation solution (OPS) as a non-invasive and early source of redox biomarkers, directly reflecting graft status during critical cold storage. This study investigated oxidative stress in 74 donated livers using OPS samples collected after cold storage, and also liver biopsies obtained before and after storage. We measured lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, DNA oxidation, and total antioxidant capacity from OPS, and performed gene expression analysis of liver biopsies. Oxidative stress markers differed based on donation type, with higher lipid peroxidation in DCD samples compared with donation after brain death (18.51 ± 2.77 vs. 11.03 ± 1.31 nmoles malondialdehyde (MDA)/mg protein; <i>p</i> = 0.049). Likewise, oxidative damage markers were associated with clinical outcomes: lipid peroxidation was increased in patients who developed biliary complications (21.86 ± 5.91 vs. 11.97 ± 1.12 nmol MDA/mg protein; <i>p</i> = 0.05), and protein carbonylation was elevated in those experiencing acute rejection (199.6 ± 22.02 vs. 141.6 ± 15.94 nmol carbonyl/mg protein; <i>p</i> = 0.005). Moreover, higher protein carbonylation levels showed a trend toward reduced survival (<i>p</i> = 0.091). Transcriptomic analysis revealed overexpression of genes associated with reactive oxygen species production in DCD livers. A predictive model for acute rejection integrating OPS biomarkers with clinical variables achieved 83% accuracy. Hence, this study underscores the importance of assessing oxidative stress status in preservation fluid as a biomarker for evaluating liver transplant outcomes and highlights the need for validation in larger, independent cohorts.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12466377/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Nanoformulation of Ubiquinol and Selenium Promotes Proliferation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.","authors":"Filomain Nguemo, Hai Zhang, Annette Koester, Susan Rohani, Sureshkumar Perumal Srinivasan, Jürgen Hescheler","doi":"10.3390/antiox14091100","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14091100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) hold immense promise for regenerative medicine. However, a critical barrier to the clinical application of hiPSCs is the difficulty in promoting robust cell proliferation while preserving their pluripotent state. Efficient hiPSC expansion without loss of pluripotency is crucial for generating high quality cells or therapeutic applications, disease modeling, and drug discovery. In our study, we investigated the effects of QuinoMit Q10^® fluid (QMF-Se), a nanoformulated supplement containing Ubiquinol (the active form of Coenzyme Q10) and Selenium, on hiPSC growth and maintenance in vitro. Interesting, QMF-Se supplementation significantly enhances hiPSC proliferation compared to control cultures. This increase in cell number was accompanied by heightened mitochondrial activity, suggesting improved cellular energy metabolism. Importantly, the expression of core pluripotency markers OCT4, NANOG, and SOX2 remained unaltered, confirming that the stem cells retained their undifferentiated status. Moreover, we observed that QMF-Se treatment conferred protective effects during the freeze-thaw process, reducing cell death and supporting post-thaw recovery. These results indicate that QMF-Se may improve both cell culture efficiency and cryopreservation outcomes. Overall, our findings highlight the potential of QMF-Se as a valuable additive for hiPSC culture systems, contributing to more efficient and reliable expansion protocols in regenerative medicine research.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12466372/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship Between Bioactive Compounds and Biological Activities (Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Antihaemolytic) of 'Colcas' Fruits at Different Stages of Maturity.","authors":"Elena Coyago-Cruz, Johana Zúñiga-Miranda, Gabriela Méndez, Aida Guachamin, Ruth Escobar-Quiñonez, Carlos Barba-Ostria, Jorge Heredia-Moya","doi":"10.3390/antiox14091105","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14091105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The genus <i>Miconia</i> is used in traditional medicine, but there are few studies supporting the bioactive potential of <i>Miconia crocea</i>. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical properties, bioactive compound content, and antioxidant, antimicrobial and antihaemolytic activities at four different phenological stages of <i>M. crocea</i>. The pH, soluble solids, titratable acidity, moisture and ash content were determined. Mineral contents were determined by atomic absorption. Vitamin C, organic acids, carotenoids, chlorophylls and derivatives and phenols were determined by chromatography. Total anthocyanins were determined by spectrophotometry. The antioxidant capacity was evaluated using ABTS and DPPH assays, and the antimicrobial activity was tested against <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>, <i>Candida albicans</i> and <i>Candida tropicalis</i>. Potassium was the predominant mineral (>1000 mg/100 g DW), while malic acid was the predominant organic acid. Lutein was the most abundant carotenoid, as among the phenolic compounds, <i>m</i>-coumaric acid and chlorogenic acid were most abundant (>1000 mg/100 g DW). The optimal method for preparing the extract for antimicrobial and haemolytic activity, with a focus on phenols, involved using 50% ethanol, applying ultrasound for six minutes, and carrying out three extractions. The M0% extract exhibited the most potent antimicrobial activity against <i>S. mutans</i> (MIC: 7.8 mg/mL). Anti-haemolytic activity indicates biocompatibility. The results emphasise the bioactive and antimicrobial potential of <i>M. crocea</i>, suggesting its possible application in various industries. However, further research is needed in the form of in vivo studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12466884/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D Protects Pancreatic Cancer (PC) Cells from Death and DNA Damage Induced by Oxidative Stress.","authors":"Izabela Szymczak-Pajor, Egle Morta Antanaviciute, Józef Drzewoski, Ireneusz Majsterek, Agnieszka Śliwińska","doi":"10.3390/antiox14091101","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14091101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In addition to its well-recognized roles in immunomodulation and calcium phosphate homeostasis, growing evidence shows that Vitamin D (Vit. D) presents a wide range of other properties, including antioxidant and anticancer effects. However, the action of Vit. D is not fully recognized in pancreatic cancer (PC) cells exposed to oxidative stress. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether vitamin D₃ (Vit. D₃) protects PC cells from death induced by oxidative stress. PC cells are suggested to be resistant to oxidative stress since they demonstrate overexpression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) 1-3. The study measured PC cell viability, DNA damage level, the mRNA and protein expression of antioxidant enzymes, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and activity of antioxidant enzymes after exposure to H₂O₂, Vit. D₃ and their combinations. N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine (NAC), a well-known direct ROS scavenger, was used as a positive control. Vit. D₃ exposure alone had no effect on PC cell viability, ROS level and DNA damage. Its impact on the mRNA and protein expression of antioxidant enzymes was also scarce. However, Vit. D₃ protected PC cells against H₂O₂-induced death, similarly to NAC. It also diminished the increase in ROS and DNA damage caused by H₂O₂. In addition, Vit. D₃ enhanced the mRNA expression of catalase (CAT), SOD 1-3 and glutathione peroxidase (Gpx)3, but did not affect their protein levels in PC cells exposed to oxidative stress. Interestingly, Vit. D₃ increased CAT activity after 24 h in 1.2B4 cells and elevated the activity of both CAT and Gpx after 2 h in PANC-1 cells, which could contribute to the observed reduction of H₂O₂-induced ROS level. To conclude, our findings show that antioxidant properties of Vit. D₃ may protect PC cells from oxidative stress-induced death. Therefore, further studies are needed to understand the action of Vit. D₃ in PC cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12466453/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Fat-Diet-Induced Kidney Injury in Rats: The Role of Tart Cherry Supplementation.","authors":"Ilenia Martinelli, Proshanta Roy, Vincenzo Bellitto, Maria Vittoria Micioni Di Bonaventura, Carlo Cifani, Seyed Khosrow Tayebati, Daniele Tomassoni","doi":"10.3390/antiox14091102","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14091102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The kidney plays a crucial role in the complex inter-organ communication that occurs during obesity, leading to the development of oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis. Dysfunction of the transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels contributes to this pathophysiology. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of antioxidant-rich fruit tart cherry (<i>Prunus cerasus</i> L.) on kidney morphology and protein expression in rats with diet-induced obesity (DIO). Methods include histological staining and immunohistochemical and Western blot assays. Obese rodents were fed with seed powder (DS) and seed powder plus juice (DJS) of the tart cherry. Results demonstrated that rats fed a high-fat-diet (HFD) showed a significant reduction in renal expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) following tart cherry supplementation. Furthermore, the study provided evidence that TRP channels, specifically TRP canonical 1 (TRPC1) and TRP melastatin 2 (TRPM2), were significantly upregulated in obese animals (<i>p</i> < 0.05 vs. CHOW rats) and markedly downregulated following tart cherry supplementation (<i>p</i> < 0.05 vs. DIO rats). In conclusion, these TRP proteins offer new insights for identifying targets and biomarkers for developing therapeutic strategies against HFD-induced renal damage, characterized by glomerulosclerosis, fibrosis, and inflammation. Tart cherries supplementation exerted a protective effect on the kidneys by reducing protein oxidation and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12466484/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochemical, Biological, and Clinical Properties of γ-Oryzanol.","authors":"Helena Juricic, Massimiliano Cuccioloni, Laura Bonfili, Mauro Angeletti, Daniela Uberti, Anna Maria Eleuteri, Giulia Abate, Valentina Cecarini","doi":"10.3390/antiox14091099","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14091099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>γ-Oryzanol is a complex mixture of ferulic acid esters of phytosterols and triterpene alcohols predominantly found in rice bran. It exhibits a wide range of biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and lipid-lowering effects, as well as the ability to modulate cellular metabolic pathways in both in vitro and in vivo models. The composition and concentration of γ-oryzanol vary significantly among rice varieties and are influenced by genetic, environmental, and technological factors. Advances in extraction methods, including traditional solvent extraction and innovative approaches such as supercritical fluid extraction, have improved yield and purity, supporting its use in functional foods, nutraceuticals, and cosmetics. Current research in the biological, biomedical, and cosmetic fields is actively investigating γ-oryzanol's mechanisms of action in metabolic regulation and inflammation, as well as developing advanced formulation strategies to enhance its antioxidant, skin-protective, and functional properties. These efforts aim to optimize its delivery and efficacy by addressing challenges related to poor water solubility and bioavailability, thereby expanding its role as a multifunctional bioactive compound. This review provides a comprehensive overview on γ-oryzanol, focusing on its extraction techniques, chemical characterization, and biological/pharmacological activities. Additionally, clinical trials investigating its efficacy and safety have been thoroughly dissected, offering valuable insights into its therapeutic potential in human populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12466495/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Ghareeb et al. Chemical Profiling of Polyphenolics in <i>Eucalyptus globulus</i> and Evaluation of Its Hepato-Renal Protective Potential Against Cyclophosphamide Induced Toxicity in Mice. <i>Antioxidants</i> 2019, <i>8</i>, 415.","authors":"Mosad A Ghareeb, Mansour Sobeh, Walaa H El-Maadawy, Hala Sh Mohammed, Heba Khalil, Sanaa Botros, Michael Wink","doi":"10.3390/antiox14091098","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14091098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the original publication [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12466403/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carp-Derived Antioxidant Peptides and Hydrolysates: Biological Effects and Potential Applications in Health and Food.","authors":"Fai-Chu Wong, Wen-Jie Ng, Ai-Lin Ooi, Fui-Fui Lem, Tsun-Thai Chai","doi":"10.3390/antiox14091095","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14091095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oxidative stress is a factor implicated in chronic diseases and aging, motivating the search for natural antioxidants. Over the past ten years, food-derived peptides have been recognized as potent antioxidants. Carp, a globally farmed fish, is a protein-rich raw material for producing antioxidant peptides and hydrolysates. This review summarizes the current knowledge on these antioxidant peptides and hydrolysates, including their production, bioactivity, and applications. We discuss how enzymatic hydrolysis of carp by-products (e.g., skin, scales, and swim bladders) represents a strategy for waste valorization. Cellular and in vivo findings demonstrate the effectiveness of carp peptides and hydrolysates in tackling oxidative stress by reducing reactive oxygen species and enhancing cellular antioxidant enzymes. In addition to their antioxidant properties, these peptides and hydrolysates also possess anti-inflammatory, anti-melanogenic, and wound-healing properties. Potential applications of carp peptides and hydrolysates include their use as natural food preservatives and as active ingredients for skincare, nutraceuticals, and sports nutrition. Future research should focus on validating the in vivo bioavailability and assessing the long-term safety of carp peptides and hydrolysates to support their potential application in health. Carp-derived peptides are a valuable resource for developing functional foods and health products, which can contribute to a more sustainable food industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12466493/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal Melatonin Therapy Enhances Postnatal Lung Development in a Mouse Model of Inflammation-Induced Preterm Birth.","authors":"So Hee Park, Hee Young Cho, Jin Hyun Jun, Haengseok Song, Ji Yeon Lee","doi":"10.3390/antiox14091094","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14091094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inflammation-induced preterm birth (PTB) significantly impacts neonatal development, particularly due to fetal lung immaturity. The lungs undergo critical development both in utero and postnatally, and PTB disrupts this process, leading to impaired pulmonary function. Current treatments for promoting lung maturation in preterm infants have limited efficacy and safety. Melatonin, known for its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, has shown promise in preventing PTB, but its effects on fetal and postnatal lung maturation remain unclear. This study evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of melatonin in a mouse model of intrauterine inflammation-induced PTB (IPTB). Pregnant mice (Pregnancy Day 17, [PD17]) were assigned to control, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and LPS + melatonin groups. LPS (25 µg) was injected into the right uterine horn, with melatonin (10 mg/kg) administered intraperitoneally 30 min prior. Uterine tissues were collected at 6 and 24 h post-LPS administration for molecular and histological analyses. PTB occurred in seven out of eleven (63.6%) IPTB mice within 24 h of LPS injection, whereas melatonin significantly reduced this rate to 25% (2/8). In melatonin-treated mice, the downregulation of pro-inflammatory genes in uterine tissues, restoration of placental blood flow, increased lamellar body counts, and prevention of LPS-induced vacuolation in PD18 fetal lungs were observed. Furthermore, melatonin administration enhanced surfactant protein B expression and improved lung structure. In the offspring of IPTB mice that survived, melatonin further suppressed pro-inflammatory markers and promoted lung septal thickening at postnatal day 3. In conclusion, melatonin prevents PTB, mitigates inflammation, and supports fetal lung maturation in IPTB mice, highlighting its therapeutic potential for improving neonatal pulmonary outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12466731/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal Hydroxytyrosol Supplementation Enhances Antioxidant Capacity and Immunometabolic Adaptations in Nutrient-Restricted Beef Cows and Their Offspring.","authors":"Nieves Escalera-Moreno, Javier Álvarez-Rodríguez, Leire López de Armentia, Alba Macià, Maria José Martín-Alonso, Ester Molina, Daniel Villalba, Albina Sanz, Beatriz Serrano-Pérez","doi":"10.3390/antiox14091097","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14091097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The impact of maternal dietary restriction and hydroxytyrosol (HT) supplementation during the last third of gestation on plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, total antioxidant capacity (ABTS assay), and peripheral blood gene expression related to antioxidant defence, immune response, and energy metabolism was evaluated in beef cows and calves. Two feeding treatments in late gestation (T100% vs. T60% of nutrient requirements) and two HT levels (Control vs. HT at 180 mg/kg of diet) were evaluated during gestation (<i>n</i> = 46 cows) and lactation (<i>n</i> = 37 cows and calves). In pregnant cows, undernutrition led to inhibition of glucose oxidation (<i>PDK4</i>), decreased lipid synthesis (<i>HMGCS1</i> and <i>SCD</i>) and TLR signalling; T60% cows showed higher plasma MDA (<i>p</i> < 0.05) with no positive effect of HT on antioxidant capacity. Contrarily, during lactation, earlier HT supplementation upregulated antioxidant capacity and modulated antioxidant gene expression (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In calves, there was an increase in <i>SOD1</i>, <i>CAT</i>, and <i>GPX1</i>, especially in the T60%-HT group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Interestingly, HT supplementation increased glucose transport (<i>SLC2A1</i>/<i>GLUT1</i>) during pregnancy and lactation (<i>p</i> < 0.05). However, it caused different effects on immunometabolic regulation in both dams and calves, depending on maternal diet. Overall, maternal HT supplementation under restricted nutritional conditions promoted postpartum antioxidant capacity and modulated immune and metabolic gene expression in cows and calves.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12466888/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}