Oxidative Stress: Pathological Driver in Chronic Neurodegenerative Diseases.

IF 6 2区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Zhao Zhong Chong, Nizar Souayah
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Oxidative stress has become a common impetus of various diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases. This review introduces the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROSs) in the nervous system, the cellular oxidative damage, and the high sensitivity of the brain to ROSs. The literature review focuses on the roles of oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Oxidative stress occurs when excessively produced free radicals are beyond the capability of endogenous antioxidants to scavenge, leading to the oxidation of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, stimulating neuroinflammatory responses, causing neuronal dysfunction, senescence, and death. The dysfunctional mitochondria and aberrant activities of metabolic enzymes are the major source of ROSs. The high vulnerability of the nervous system to ROSs underlies the critical roles of oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases. Gene mutations and other risk factors promote the generation of ROSs, which have been considered a crucial force causing the main pathological features of AD, PD, HD, and ALS. As a result, antioxidants hold therapeutic potential in these neurodegenerative diseases. The elucidation of the pathogenic mechanisms of oxidative stress will facilitate the development of antioxidants for the treatment of these diseases.

氧化应激:慢性神经退行性疾病的病理驱动因素。
氧化应激已成为包括神经退行性疾病在内的各种疾病的共同动力。本文综述了神经系统中活性氧(reactive oxygen species, ROSs)的产生、细胞氧化损伤以及大脑对活性氧的高敏感性。本文综述了氧化应激在神经退行性疾病中的作用,包括阿尔茨海默病(AD)、帕金森病(PD)、亨廷顿病(HD)和肌萎缩侧索硬化症(ALS)。当过量产生的自由基超出了内源性抗氧化剂的清除能力时,就会发生氧化应激,导致蛋白质、脂质和核酸的氧化,刺激神经炎症反应,导致神经元功能障碍、衰老和死亡。线粒体功能失调和代谢酶活性异常是ROSs的主要来源。神经系统对ROSs的高度易感性是氧化应激在神经退行性疾病中的关键作用的基础。基因突变等危险因素促进ROSs的产生,被认为是导致AD、PD、HD、ALS等主要病理特征的关键力量。因此,抗氧化剂在这些神经退行性疾病中具有治疗潜力。氧化应激的致病机制的阐明将促进抗氧化剂的发展,以治疗这些疾病。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Antioxidants
Antioxidants Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Physiology
CiteScore
10.60
自引率
11.40%
发文量
2123
审稿时长
16.3 days
期刊介绍: Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921), provides an advanced forum for studies related to the science and technology of antioxidants. It publishes research papers, reviews and communications. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. Electronic files and software regarding the full details of the calculation or experimental procedure, if unable to be published in a normal way, can be deposited as supplementary electronic material.
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