American journal of veterinary research最新文献

{"title":"Development of a validated quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay and fungal culture for the diagnosis of Macrorhabdus ornithogaster in budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus).","authors":"Danielle M Lang, Laura A Adamovicz, Chien-Che Hung, Katie W Delk, Jennifer N Langan, Sathya K Chinnadurai, Matthew C Allender","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.10.0325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.24.10.0325","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop and validate a quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay for detecting Macrorhabdus ornithogaster (MO) and reproducibly culture MO from infected budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A TaqMan qPCR assay targeting a 94-bp segment of MO 18S rRNA was evaluated for limit of detection, dynamic range, intra-assay variability, interassay variability, and efficiency. Proventricular-ventricular samples and feces from deceased budgerigars positive for MO on cytology were plated with Basal Medium Eagle or chicken serum media, 20% fetal bovine serum, 5% sucrose, 100 U/mL penicillin, 100 µg/mL streptomycin, and 25 µg/mL chloramphenicol at pH 3 to 4 and 42 °C under microaerophilic conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The qPCR was successfully developed and performed with high efficiency (slope = -3.355; R2 = 0.999; efficiency = 98.622) and low intra- and interassay variability (coefficient of variation < 2.63% at all dilutions). The dynamic range was 107 to 101 copies/reaction with a limit of detection of 10 target copies/reaction. Macrorhabdus ornithogaster was successfully cultured from 4 different infected budgerigars using this culture protocol; however, cultures did not maintain long enough for antifungal susceptibility testing.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We developed and analytically validated a TaqMan qPCR assay for MO detection. Macrorhabdus ornithogaster culture is possible, but further research is needed for culture maintenance and susceptibility testing.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>This analytically validated qPCR MO assay will be a useful diagnostic tool for the detection and quantification of MO in infected budgerigar feces. Reliable culturing of MO will provide the basis for antifungal drug susceptibility testing to improve treatment methods for MO in birds.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143456629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can interprofessional education that embeds One Health be an effective platform for climate change education in veterinary and medical curricula?","authors":"Rohini Roopnarine, Tracy L Webb, Anuja Riles, Claire Tucker, Brittany Watson, Ruthanne Chun","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.12.0385","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.24.12.0385","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Climate change has been recognized as a significant public health threat, and education is needed to allow health professionals to better care for their patients affected by climate-related conditions. Medical students concerned about their lack of preparedness to respond to its effects on patient health, created the Planetary Health Report Card, calling for the inclusion of planetary health education into curricula. Veterinary students similarly express their lack of readiness in this area for practice. In alignment with the United Nations, the American Medical Association (AMA) and AVMA, promulgate educators' development of climate education to prepare graduates for future practice. Implementing interprofessional education is a critical paradigm for closing the gaps on climate education in these curricula. Incorporating One Health related competencies into an interprofessional education curriculum would prepare future graduates to effectively respond to this threat.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143456624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lamellar cell death and proliferation are associated with restricted ambulation and preferential weight bearing in a model relevant to supporting-limb laminitis.","authors":"Julie B Engiles, Darko Stefanovski, Andrew van Eps","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.09.0268","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.24.09.0268","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the effects of prolonged preferential weight bearing (PWB) and reduced ambulation (RA) on hoof lamellae using a nonpainful in vivo experimental model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>12 healthy Standardbred horses were housed in stocks continuously for 92 hours. A platform shoe was placed on 1 forelimb in the PWB group (n = 6) to increase the load on the supporting limb (SL) by approximately 10% bodyweight, whereas the RA group (n = 6) had normal weight bearing. Archived healthy horse (n = 8) samples were used as controls. Histomorphometry and histochemistry (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling [TUNEL], caspase-3, and targeting protein for Xenopus kinesin-like protein [TPX-2]) results were analyzed using mixed-effects linear regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Lesions in multiple limbs from the PWB and RA groups included secondary epidermal lamellae elongation, cell death (mostly TUNEL-positive, caspase-3-negative parabasal keratinocytes), and basal cell proliferation (TPX-2 positive). Lesions were most severe in the PWB group SL, with significant increases (vs control) in mean (95% CI) primary epidermal lamellar (PEL) length (3.7 [95% CI, 3.5 to 3.8] mm vs 3.2 [95% CI, 2.9 to 3.4] mm; P < .001), secondary epidermal lamellae length (281 [95% CI, 235 to 327] µm vs 185 [95% CI, 155 to 215] µm; P < .001), TUNEL count (45 [95% CI, 30 to 60] vs 4 [95% CI, 2 to 5] positive cells/PEL; P < .001), and TPX-2 count (116 [95% CI, 46 to 186] vs 5 [95% CI, 3 to 6] positive cells/PEL; P < .002). Both TUNEL- and TPX-2-positive cell counts were increased in the RA group forelimbs versus control (P < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Restriction of normal ambulation, even in the absence of increased weight bearing, caused lamellar parabasal keratinocyte death and structural derangement of lamellae.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Promoting ambulation, not just limb load relief, may be a critical strategy for preventing SL laminitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143456633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research diversity in infectious and immunological diseases at Long Island University College of Veterinary Medicine.","authors":"Thomas J Inzana, Dianjun Cao, Reta Abdi, Maged Gomaa Hemida, Soo Jin Jeon, Yasser Mahmmod, Xiaolei Tang","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.01.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.25.01.0009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":"86 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High doses of buprenorphine hydrochloride are well tolerated and produce a mild and prolonged thermal antinociceptive effect in orange-winged Amazon parrots (Amazona amazonica).","authors":"Jamie M Douglas, David Sanchez-Migallon Guzman, Hugues Beaufrère, Joanne R Paul-Murphy","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.11.0367","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.24.11.0367","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the duration of action and antinociceptive and sedative effects of buprenorphine hydrochloride following SC administration to orange-winged Amazon parrots (Amazona amazonica).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>10 adult, healthy Amazon parrots were included. High-concentration buprenorphine formulation (1.8 mg/mL and 0.1, 1, and 2 mg/kg) and saline solution (0.9% NaCl; 0.55 mL/kg) were administered SC to the parrots in a within-subjects, complete, masked crossover study design. Foot withdrawal thermal threshold was determined prior to administration of treatment and 0.5, 1.5, 3, and 6 hours postinjection. Agitation-sedation scores were determined 1 to 2 minutes prior to each thermal challenge.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Buprenorphine at 2 mg/kg significantly increased the thermal foot withdrawal threshold, whereas lower doses evaluated did not have a significant effect. Although no significant interaction effect of treatment*time was observed, the graphical data suggest that the effect could increase over time and still be present at the 6-hour time point. No significant effect of buprenorphine on agitation-sedation score or nausea-like behavior was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SC administration of buprenorphine at 2 mg/kg has a mild thermal antinociceptive effect in orange-winged Amazon parrots, which graphically appears to have a slow onset and last for the duration of the testing times. In addition, buprenorphine did not cause agitation or sedation, nausea-like behavior, or vomiting. Further studies are needed to fully evaluate the effects of buprenorphine in psittacines.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Buprenorphine hydrochloride could be considered for pain management in the orange-winged Amazon parrot and does not cause significant adverse effects following single SC administration.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143447867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the effects of propofol and sevoflurane anesthesia on oxidant-antioxidant status and biochemical parameters in Turkish hair goats.","authors":"Ali Gülaydın, Kıvanç İrak, Nihat Şındak, Mustafa Barış Akgül, Özgür Yaşar Çelik, Onur Yıldırım, Maruf Yılmaz, Erman Gülendağ","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.10.0309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.24.10.0309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the effects of propofol and sevoflurane anesthesia on the oxidant-antioxidant status and biochemical parameters in Turkish hair goats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted from February 15 through March 15, 2024. Seven clinically healthy female Turkish hair goats aged 1 to 2 years with an average live weight of 29.95 (26.1 to 33.8) kg were included. A bolus of propofol (6 mg/kg) was injected IV. The goats were placed in the sternoabdominal position and administered 1% to 3% sevoflurane with 100% oxygen for 2 hours with the help of a vaporizer. Blood samples were collected before and after the administration of propofol and at the 15th, 30th, 60th, and 120th minutes after the start of sevoflurane administration in nonanticoagulated tubes. The oxidant-antioxidant status (serum total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, paraoxonase activity, and arylesterase activity) and biochemical parameters (levels of glucose, AST, GGT, ALT, ALP, LDH, creatine kinase, amylase, lipase, creatinine, urea, uric acid, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, total protein, albumin, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, magnesium, chlorine, calcium, iron, sodium, phosphorus, and potassium) were evaluated. The heart rate, respiratory rate, and body temperature of the goats were measured using a bedside monitor.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Arylesterase activity increased with sevoflurane administration. Changes were observed in heart rate and body temperature as well as in the levels of glucose, creatine kinase, urea, total bilirubin, and potassium at different time intervals of propofol-sevoflurane administration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Propofol-sevoflurane anesthesia has no adverse effects on oxidant-antioxidant status in Turkish hair goats.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The evaluation of heart rate and body temperature, as well as glucose, creatine kinase, urea, total bilirubin, and potassium levels, must be considered in propofol-sevoflurane anesthesia protocol.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143447871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dexamethasone administration transiently increases insulin response to an oral carbohydrate challenge in horses.","authors":"François-René Bertin, Andrew W van Eps, Demia J de Tonnerre, Jaeneen C Kulp, Darko Stefanovski","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.12.0373","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.24.12.0373","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Dexamethasone is used to experimentally induce insulin resistance; however, its impact on insulin secretion is unclear. This study aimed to assess the responses to oral carbohydrate challenges in dexamethasone-treated horses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>8 healthy Standardbreds received 0.08 mg/kg of dexamethasone IM every 48 hours for 14 days in June 2022 (winter in the Southern hemisphere). Oral glucose tests (OGT) were conducted before treatment (day 1) and on days 8 and 15. Glucose, insulin, triglycerides, total and active glucagon-like peptide-1 (tGLP-1 and aGLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) were measured at baseline and at intervals up to 240 minutes after OGT. The results were analyzed using a mixed-effects linear regression model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After 8 days of dexamethasone, significant increases in areas under the curve (AUC) of glucose (effect size, +139.1 [95% CI, 124.0 to 154.1] mg/dL·min), insulin (+297.6 [95% CI, 214.6 to 380.8] µIU/mL·min), triglycerides (+4,854.3 [95% CI, 2,181.3 to 7,527.3] mg/dL·min), tGLP-1 (+2.58 [95% CI, 0.23 to 4.93] pmol/L·min), and GIP (+65.56 [95% CI, 40.98 to 90.16] pg/mL·min) were detected post-OGT. These effects were blunted by day 15, with glucose, insulin, and active glucagon-like peptide-1 AUC significantly lower than on day 8 and tGLP-1, triglycerides, and GIP AUC not different from day 1. No horse developed clinical laminitis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Dexamethasone increased insulin secretion after an OGT with higher lipid mobilization and stimulation of the enteroinsular axis, but the effect was partially reversed by day 15.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>While dexamethasone induces insulin resistance consistently over prolonged periods, its effect on insulin secretion seems transient.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143405390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Of Lyme disease and machine learning in a One Health world.","authors":"Olaf Berke, Sarah T Chan, Armin Orang","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.10.0300","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.24.10.0300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Lyme disease is a vector-borne emerging zoonosis in Ontario driven by human population growth and climate change. Lyme disease is also a prime example of the One Health concept. While little can be done to immediately reverse climate change and population growth, public health must resort to health communication as its best option for disease control until an effective vaccine becomes available. Disease surveillance enabling precision public health has an important role in this respect: one of the goals of disease surveillance is to forecast the future burden of disease to inform those who need to know. The goal of this study was to forecast the burden of Lyme disease using automated machine learning and statistical learning approaches.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Lyme disease reports were retrieved from Ontario's integrated Public Health Information System surveillance system from January 2005 to December 2023. The reports from January 2005 to December 2021 were used as training data, and reports from January 2022 to December 2023 served as validation data. Forecasts from a seasonal autoregressive integrated moving-average model were used as a benchmark for forecasts from a feed-forward single-layer neural network machine learning algorithm.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Lyme disease burden in Ontario is predicted to increase dramatically. Neither the neural network nor the seasonal autoregressive integrated moving-average model proved to be generally more accurate.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The increasing burden of human Lyme disease is concerning to public health, further indicating ecosystem changes and challenges for canine health.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Human Lyme disease surveillance provides useful information to veterinarians.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"S80-S83"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143397913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Familiarity with artificial intelligence drives optimism and adoption among veterinary professionals: 2024 survey.","authors":"Sebastian Gabor, Galyna Danylenko, Bill Voegeli","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.10.0293","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.24.10.0293","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To capture veterinary professionals' perspectives and applications of AI in veterinary care. This study assesses the perceived benefits, challenges, and potential areas where AI could enhance veterinary medicine and practice workflows.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An online survey was distributed to members of the American Animal Hospital Association and Digitail's network of veterinary professionals. The questionnaire included 18 close-ended and 7 open-ended questions exploring awareness, perceptions, usage, expectations, and concerns about AI in veterinary medicine. The survey was open from December 19, 2023, through January 8, 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The survey gathered 3,968 responses from professionals in various veterinary roles. Most respondents were veterinarians and veterinary technicians, with an average age of 35.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Respondents demonstrated varying familiarity with AI, with an overall positive outlook toward its adoption in veterinary medicine. Those who actively use AI tools in their professional tasks reported higher levels of optimism about its integration. Key concerns included the reliability and accuracy of AI in diagnosis and treatment. The top benefits identified by respondents included improving efficiencies, streamlining administrative tasks, and potential contributions to revenue growth, employee satisfaction, and client retention.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The findings underscore the influence of practical exposure and experience with AI tools on attitudes toward AI adoption. The positive correlation suggests that familiarity with AI technologies fosters trust and confidence, consequently driving greater acceptance and adoption within the veterinary community.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"S63-S69"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143397907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nationwide analysis of methicillin-resistant staphylococci in cats and dogs: resistance patterns and geographic distribution.","authors":"Kurtis E Sobkowich, Angela Y Hui, Zvonimir Poljak, Donald Szlosek, Andy Plum, J Scott Weese","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.09.0253","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.24.09.0253","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to quantify the frequency and resistance patterns of 3 methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS), Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP), and Staphylococcus schleiferi (MRSS), in companion animals, using historical culture and susceptibility data from a national diagnostic laboratory.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Samples from cats and dogs across the US, between 2019 and 2022, were analyzed. Methicillin-resistant isolates identified according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute VET01S (5th ed) were included. Data included location, patient species, sampling site, year, and susceptibility results for various panels of antimicrobials.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 110,423 MRSP, 5,618 MRSA, and 20,934 MRSS isolates identified. Methicillin-resistant S pseudintermedius was predominantly found in dogs (96.2%), with skin and soft tissue being the most common sites. Methicillin-resistant S aureus and MRSS were also primarily isolated from dogs, with significant yearly, regional, and species-specific differences in antimicrobial susceptibility observed. This study highlights high resistance levels in MRSP isolates, while MRSA and MRSS showed relatively higher susceptibility to several antimicrobials.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides insight into the distribution and antimicrobial resistance patterns of MRSA, MRSP, and MRSS in companion animals in the US. Resistance rates for enrofloxacin, marbofloxacin, and chloramphenicol may be higher than reported in this analysis due to recent changes in MIC breakpoints in the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute VET01S (7th ed). The findings underscore significant geographical and temporal variations in resistance, emphasizing the need for tailored antimicrobial stewardship programs.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The prevalence of MRS in companion animals poses treatment challenges and potential zoonotic risks. This study provides nationwide insight that was not previously available.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143389671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}