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Iowa State University researchers bitten by the bug. 爱荷华州立大学的研究人员被虫子咬了。
IF 1.3 3区 农林科学
American journal of veterinary research Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.25.06.0199
David Gieseke
{"title":"Iowa State University researchers bitten by the bug.","authors":"David Gieseke","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.06.0199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.25.06.0199","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144324284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Progesterone-controlled internal drug release-based estrous synchronization induces vaginal dysbiosis and enrichment of potential pathogens in Braford heifers. 孕激素控制的内源性药物释放基础的发情同步引起阴道生态失调和潜在病原体的富集。
IF 1.3 3区 农林科学
American journal of veterinary research Pub Date : 2025-06-17 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.25.03.0093
Candelaria Gonzalez Moreno, Solana Funiciello-Mendez, Andrea Torres Luque, Pavly Fayek, Aspinas Chapwanya, María C Otero
{"title":"Progesterone-controlled internal drug release-based estrous synchronization induces vaginal dysbiosis and enrichment of potential pathogens in Braford heifers.","authors":"Candelaria Gonzalez Moreno, Solana Funiciello-Mendez, Andrea Torres Luque, Pavly Fayek, Aspinas Chapwanya, María C Otero","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.03.0093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.25.03.0093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the effects of an estrus synchronization program on the resident microbial population of the vagina in Braford heifers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nulliparous Braford heifers were enrolled in a 9-day progesterone-controlled internal drug release-based estrous synchronization protocol. Vaginal swabs were collected on day (D) 0 and D11 of the synchronization protocol and again on D60 to profile changes in vaginal bacterial communities though 16S ribosomal DNA gene sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis of samples from 10 heifers revealed that the most abundant phyla were the Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Tenericutes, Fusobacteria, and Actinobacteria. Principal coordinate analysis showed significant differentiation among the vaginal profiles of the microbial communities at D11 compared to D0 and D60. The bacterial clustering may be due to estrous synchronization. Significant differences were observed at the genus level. The relative abundances of known endometrial pathogens Fusobacterium, Helcococcus, Ureaplasma, and Leptotrichiaceae significantly increased from D0 to D11.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study describes, for the first time, transient changes in the diversity of the vaginal microbiota of Braford heifers in response to estrus manipulations. The presence (or absence) of certain recognized pathogens, such as Fusobacterium, Helcococcus, and Ureaplasma, may negatively affect reproductive health, justifying further investigation.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>These results may help in advances of the diagnosis and treatment of infertility.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144315764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Administration of high-dose intravenous vitamin C in healthy dogs transiently leads to a false increase in portable blood glucose monitor and interstitial glucose monitor readings. 健康犬短暂静脉注射大剂量维生素C会导致便携式血糖监测仪和间质血糖监测仪读数的虚假增加。
IF 1.3 3区 农林科学
American journal of veterinary research Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.25.03.0081
Joanna Lum, Angie Andrea Rincon, Elizabeth J Thomovsky, Paula A Johnson, Aimee C Brooks, Hsin-Yi Weng
{"title":"Administration of high-dose intravenous vitamin C in healthy dogs transiently leads to a false increase in portable blood glucose monitor and interstitial glucose monitor readings.","authors":"Joanna Lum, Angie Andrea Rincon, Elizabeth J Thomovsky, Paula A Johnson, Aimee C Brooks, Hsin-Yi Weng","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.03.0081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.25.03.0081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the effects of high-dose IV vitamin C (HDIVC) on handheld portable blood glucose monitor (PBGM) and interstitial glucose monitor (IGM) readings in dogs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>6 client-owned Border Collies with normal physical examinations and baseline bloodwork were enrolled in this prospective experimental study from November through December 2024. Glucose was measured via an IGM, PBGM, and laboratory blood glucose analyzer (LG) at time (T)-0, T1, T2, T3, T6, T12, T18, and T24 hours after HDIVC (200 mg/kg; ascorbic acid 500 mg/mL diluted 1:10 with sterile water, given over 30 minutes, IV).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median PBGM (T1, 189 mg/dL; T2, 138 mg/dL) and IGM (T1, high; T2, 321 mg/dL) readings were significantly higher than LG (T1, 76.5 mg/dL; T2, 93.5 mg/dL) at T1 and T2. The median IGM (183 mg/dL) readings were significantly higher than LG (99 mg/dL) at T3. There was no significant difference between modalities at T0 nor from T6 on. On consensus error grid analysis, all PBGM readings at T1 and 1 of 6 readings at T2 were clinically unacceptable. All IGM readings at T1 and T2 and 2 of 6 readings at T3 were clinically unacceptable.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A 200-mg/kg, IV, bolus of vitamin C in healthy dogs causes clinically significant elevations in PBGM and IGM glucose readings that normalize within 3 and 6 hours, respectively.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Avoid the use of PBGM and IGM until 3 and 6 hours, respectively, after HDIVC in healthy dogs.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144309383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Assessment of urinary metanephrine and normetanephrine fractionation analyses as aids in the antemortem diagnosis of pheochromocytomas in clouded leopards (Neofelis nebulosa). 评价尿中肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素分离分析在云豹死前嗜铬细胞瘤诊断中的价值。
IF 1.3 3区 农林科学
American journal of veterinary research Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.25.01.0033
Peter A Sojka, Andrew Cushing, Laura Martinelli, Heather Schwartz, Xiaojuan Zhu, Edward C Ramsay
{"title":"Assessment of urinary metanephrine and normetanephrine fractionation analyses as aids in the antemortem diagnosis of pheochromocytomas in clouded leopards (Neofelis nebulosa).","authors":"Peter A Sojka, Andrew Cushing, Laura Martinelli, Heather Schwartz, Xiaojuan Zhu, Edward C Ramsay","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.01.0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.25.01.0033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the normetanephrine- and metanephrine-to-creatinine urinary fractionation ratios of clouded leopards (Neofelis nebulosa) at various ages. We hypothesized that clouded leopards with large metanephrine- and/or normetanephrine-to-creatinine fractionation ratios would have a pheochromocytoma on postmortem examination. Those subjects with comparatively smaller fractionation ratios would not have a pheochromocytoma on postmortem examination.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Clouded leopards housed at a zoological institution or sanctuary were included in this study. Patients were examined within a hospital environment. All samples were obtained from January 2020 through August 2021. Urine was collected from patients by direct free catch, cystocentesis, or urinary catheterization and analyzed for metanephrine- and normetanephrine-to-creatinine fractionation ratios. Postmortem examinations were performed on animals that died naturally or were euthanized for various comorbidities to determine if a pheochromocytoma was present.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This experimental study included 1- to 16-year-old clouded leopards, 11 male and 6 female, managed under human care. The 2 clouded leopards in this study with normetanephrine- or metanephrine-to-creatinine fractionation ratios greater than 4 times the high end of the ranges identified in the subjects of this study had confirmed pheochromocytomas on postmortem examination.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Normetanephrine- and metanephrine-to-creatinine fractionation testing may be useful tools in the antemortem diagnosis of pheochromocytomas in clouded leopards.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Normetanephrine- and metanephrine-to-creatinine fractionation testing may provide a minimally invasive antemortem method of screening for pheochromocytomas in clouded leopards. Quantitative studies are needed to determine if this testing is consistently able to diagnose pheochromocytoma in live clouded leopards.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144309384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Next-generation machine learning model to measure the Norberg angle on canine hip radiographs increases accuracy and time to completion. 下一代机器学习模型用于测量犬髋关节x线片上的Norberg角,提高了准确性和完成时间。
IF 1.3 3区 农林科学
American journal of veterinary research Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.25.02.0044
George C Hansen, Yuxiao Yao, Anthony J Fischetti, Anthony Gonzalez, Ian Porter, Rory J Todhunter, Youshan Zhang
{"title":"Next-generation machine learning model to measure the Norberg angle on canine hip radiographs increases accuracy and time to completion.","authors":"George C Hansen, Yuxiao Yao, Anthony J Fischetti, Anthony Gonzalez, Ian Porter, Rory J Todhunter, Youshan Zhang","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.02.0044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.25.02.0044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To apply machine learning (ML) to measure the Norberg angle (NA) on canine ventrodorsal hip-extended pelvic radiographs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this observational study, an NA-AI model was trained on real and synthetic radiographs. Additional radiographs were used for validation and testing. Each NA was predicted using a hybrid architecture derived from 2 ML vision models. The NAs were measured by 4 authors, and the model all were compared to each other. The time taken to correct the NAs predicted by the model was compared to unassisted human measurements.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The NA-AI model was trained on 733 real and 1,474 synthetic radiographs; 105 real radiographs were used for validation and 128 for testing. The mean absolute error between each human measurement ranged from 3° to 10° ± SD = 3° to 10° with an intraclass correlation between humans of 0.38 to 0.92. The mean absolute error between the NA-AI model prediction and the human measurements was 5° to 6° ± SD = 5° (intraclass correlation, 0.39 to 0.94). Bland-Altman plots showed good agreement between human and AI measurements when the NAs were greater than 80°. The time taken to check the accuracy of the NA measurement compared to unassisted measurements was reduced by 45% to 80%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The NA-AI model proved more accurate than the original model except when the hip dysplasia was severe, and its assistance decreased the time needed to analyze radiographs.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The assistance of the NA-AI model reduces the time taken for radiographic hip analysis for clinical applications. However, it is less reliable in cases involving severe osteoarthritic change, requiring manual review for such cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144309448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Postoperative reduction in computed tomography perfusion-derived shunt fraction is associated with favorable prognosis in cats with congenital portosystemic shunt. 术后计算机断层灌注衍生分流分数的降低与先天性门静脉分流猫的良好预后相关。
IF 1.3 3区 农林科学
American journal of veterinary research Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.25.04.0125
Takahiro Nagumo, Kumiko Ishigaki, Chieko Ishikawa, Naoko Shiozawa, Kazushi Asano
{"title":"Postoperative reduction in computed tomography perfusion-derived shunt fraction is associated with favorable prognosis in cats with congenital portosystemic shunt.","authors":"Takahiro Nagumo, Kumiko Ishigaki, Chieko Ishikawa, Naoko Shiozawa, Kazushi Asano","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.04.0125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.25.04.0125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the clinical feasibility and usefulness of CT perfusion (CTP)-derived shunt fraction (SF) for cats with congenital portosystemic shunts (PSSs) before and after surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All cats with PSSs were referred to our hospital for surgical treatment from April 2016 through August 2019. The shunt types were determined before surgery (first period), and SF was measured in each cat using a 320-row multidetector CT scanner. The SF was measured on postoperative days 14 (second period) and 75 (third period). The SFs were analyzed for shunt type, surgical procedure, and prognosis across all periods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study involved 8 client-owned cats with PSSs. In cats with PSSs, the SF during the third period was significantly lower than that during the first period. In cats with left gastrophrenic shunts, the SF during the third period was significantly lower than that during the first period. There was no significant difference between the periods in SF of cats with partial ligation. A significant reduction of SF was identified as a positive prognostic indicator.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study showed that CTP was feasible for the measurement of SF in feline PSSs.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The CTP-derived SF may be useful for evaluating the surgical results of PSSs and may help reveal the pathophysiology of feline PSSs and evaluate prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144309449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
High-sensitivity multicancer detection of stage 1 cancer in dogs. 犬1期癌症的高灵敏度多癌检测。
IF 1.3 3区 农林科学
American journal of veterinary research Pub Date : 2025-06-13 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.25.02.0068
Justin R Brown, Luhui Shen, Nicholas Fulton, Stephen Albert Johnston, Kathryn F Sykes
{"title":"High-sensitivity multicancer detection of stage 1 cancer in dogs.","authors":"Justin R Brown, Luhui Shen, Nicholas Fulton, Stephen Albert Johnston, Kathryn F Sykes","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.02.0068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.25.02.0068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate an orthogonal test that uses antibodies in a small blood sample to sensitively detect stage 1 tumors, when standard treatment can save lives.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sera were studied from 283 dogs with stage 1 hemangiosarcoma (30), lymphoma (34), mast cell tumors (60), osteosarcoma (41), and soft tissue sarcoma (49) and dogs established to be cancer-free (69). Samples were applied to microarrays containing peptides synthesized on silicon wafers using photolithography and tert-butoxycarbonyl chemistry. Serum immunoglobulin G binding was measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Peptides with antibody-binding activities associated with 1 of the 5 cancers or the cancer-free group were identified. Selections were used to build 2 multiclass models. Test performance was verified by peptide resampling or sample holdouts. A simple model detected the 5 different stage 1 tumors at sensitivities from 68% to 98%; the complex model provided stage 1 sensitivities from 60% to 88%, both at high specificities.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Antibody activities to stage 1 tumors can be sensitively detected on peptide microarrays. Two divergent classifier-building approaches yielded similar test results. A field study is needed to validate findings.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>This blood-based test may address the challenges in detecting stage 1 canine cancers, creating opportunities for improved treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144293217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Metabolic heterogeneity exists across equine distal limb tendons and ligaments in healthy, metabolically normal horses. 代谢异质性存在于健康、代谢正常的马远端肢体肌腱和韧带中。
IF 1.3 3区 农林科学
American journal of veterinary research Pub Date : 2025-06-13 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.25.01.0015
Katie Ellis, Emily M Van Zeeland, Laura Ashton, Sara Wist, Corey Broeckling, Mac Harris, David D Frisbie, Katie J Sikes
{"title":"Metabolic heterogeneity exists across equine distal limb tendons and ligaments in healthy, metabolically normal horses.","authors":"Katie Ellis, Emily M Van Zeeland, Laura Ashton, Sara Wist, Corey Broeckling, Mac Harris, David D Frisbie, Katie J Sikes","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.01.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.25.01.0015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To (1) identify tissue-specific metabolic profiles of the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT), deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT), and suspensory ligament (SL) and (2) evaluate metabolic profile differences in the SDFT, DDFT, and SL between the equine forelimb and hindlimb.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>2 SDFT, DDFT, and SL specimens were collected from the forelimbs and hindlimbs of 10 horses of mixed breed, age, and sex that were euthanized for other reasons. One specimen was processed for histology to confirm that there were no underlying soft-tissue pathologies. One specimen was processed for 2 forms of untargeted metabolomics: (1) gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy for polar metabolites and (2) UPLC-MS for nonpolar metabolites. Comparisons were made between tissue types (SDFT, DDFT, and SL) in the same limb and between limbs (forelimb and hindlimb) for the same tissue.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Metabolic differences, specifically in the taurine and glycerolipid pathways, were evident between the tendons and ligaments. Metabolic differences, including changes in trihexosylceramides and fatty acyls, were also seen when comparing the forelimbs and hindlimbs of the tendons and ligaments, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The current study has established metabolic differences in tendons and ligaments in a group of metabolically healthy horses.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Understanding these metabolic differences may allow for exploration into targeted intervention strategies for these tissues that may prevent injury as well as promote healing and a return to function.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144293218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The cross-sectional area of normal superficial digital flexor tendon of young French Trotters increases during the first months of training. 在训练的头几个月里,年轻的法国快步犬正常指浅屈肌腱的横截面积增加。
IF 1.3 3区 农林科学
American journal of veterinary research Pub Date : 2025-06-12 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.24.09.0249
Audrey Beaumont, Anne-Laure Emond, Philippe Pourcelot, Lauriane Fayaubot, Bérangère Ravary-Plumioen, Anne-Gaelle Dupays, Loïc Desquilbet, Jean-Marie Denoix, Nathalie Crevier-Denoix
{"title":"The cross-sectional area of normal superficial digital flexor tendon of young French Trotters increases during the first months of training.","authors":"Audrey Beaumont, Anne-Laure Emond, Philippe Pourcelot, Lauriane Fayaubot, Bérangère Ravary-Plumioen, Anne-Gaelle Dupays, Loïc Desquilbet, Jean-Marie Denoix, Nathalie Crevier-Denoix","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.09.0249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.24.09.0249","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To quantify changes in the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the midmetacarpal superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) in young Trotters during training.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this experimental study, 12 healthy 3-year-old French Trotters, assigned to either a soft-track or a hard-track group, were trained for 4 months (June through September of 2012 and 2013). Both groups followed the same exercise program of increasing intensity. Ultrasonographic examinations of both forelimb SDFTs of each horse were performed before the beginning of training (D0), after 2 months of training (M2), and after 4 months of training (M4). The tendon CSA at the midmetacarpus was measured at each session, and the percentage of change over time was calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>3 of 6 horses trained on the hard track developed bilateral SDFT tendinopathy at M4 (n = 6 tendons). The tendon CSA in horses without tendinopathy (n = 18 tendons) significantly increased: +6.8% at M2 and +4.3% at M4, compared to D0; the CSA change from M2 to M4 was -2.3% while exercise intensity increased. Although the tendons that developed tendinopathy at M4 were asymptomatic at M2, a posteriori analysis revealed that their CSA percentage of increase from D0 to M2 (+13%) was significantly larger compared with tendons that remained uninjured. The CSA continued to increase from M2 to M4 in these tendons (+27.9%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Increased SDFT CSA in Trotters during the initial phase of training and a greater rate of CSA increase for those with early tendon damage suggest adaptive changes to exercise and injury.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Early tendon damage should be suspected when CSA increase reaches 10% or more in 2 months.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Proteomic profiling reveals the potential role of allogenic equine platelet-rich plasma and extracellular vesicles in modulating tendon inflammation and repair. 蛋白质组学分析揭示了异体马富血小板血浆和细胞外囊泡在调节肌腱炎症和修复中的潜在作用。
IF 1.3 3区 农林科学
American journal of veterinary research Pub Date : 2025-06-11 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.24.08.0241
Emily J Clarke, Anders Jensen, Alexandra M Gillen, David Bardell, Mark Senior, James R Anderson, Mandy J Peffers
{"title":"Proteomic profiling reveals the potential role of allogenic equine platelet-rich plasma and extracellular vesicles in modulating tendon inflammation and repair.","authors":"Emily J Clarke, Anders Jensen, Alexandra M Gillen, David Bardell, Mark Senior, James R Anderson, Mandy J Peffers","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.08.0241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.24.08.0241","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the protein composition of equine platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and PRP-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) and evaluate their effects on tendon inflammation in vitro. As tendon injuries are common in horses and treatment with PRP derived from the horse's own blood shows promise, but outcomes vary due to inconsistent composition. PRP contains EVs that facilitate cell communication.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From December 2022 through May 2023, equine plasma (n = 3, adult) was isolated via double centrifugation and PRP produced using a commercial kit. Extracellular vesicles were isolated using differential ultracentrifugation and characterized with a tetraspanin assay. Equine tenocyte fibroblasts (n = 6) were stimulated with IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α for 24 hours to induce an inflammatory state simulating injury before treatment with PRP or PRP-derived EVs. Proteomic analysis employed data-dependent LC-MS-MS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to plasma, PRP and PRP EVs were enriched in proteins related to cellular waste disposal and inhibition of lipid metabolism. Experimental conditions significantly influenced the levels of 18 proteins in tenocyte fibroblasts. Collagen type 1 α chain 1 abundance decreased with treatment of PRP and PRP EVs, with implications for collagen metabolism. An increase in sequestosome 1 was also observed, having the potential to enhance inflammation or resolve it through autophagy-mediated degradation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PRP EVs influence the proteome of inflammatory tenocyte fibroblasts and may contribute to PRP's therapeutic effects.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Understanding the protein composition of PRP and PRP-derived EVs may help optimize PRP-based treatments for tendon injuries. Therapies could become more consistent and effective, reducing reinjury rates and improving tendon healing.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144274023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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