American journal of veterinary research最新文献

{"title":"Targeted thoracic ultrasonography shows high diagnostic potential for interstitial pneumonia in feedyard cattle.","authors":"Luis F B B Feitoza, Brad J White, Robert L Larson, Makenna Jensen, Laura Carpenter, Brandon L Plattner, Abigail Finley, Tyler J Spore","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.08.0233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.24.08.0233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To use a novel approach of targeted thoracic point-of-care ultrasound (TT-POCUS) of the caudodorsal right lung to determine potential associations between TT-POCUS measurements and the presence of interstitial pneumonia (IP) in feedyard cattle.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional study evaluated feedyard animals (n = 62; 358.4 ± 10.5 kg; heifer, n = 38; steer, n = 24) using TT-POCUS at time of respiratory disease treatment and microscopic assessment of lesions at subsequent mortality. Evaluations took place from July through December 2023. Pulmonary samples were collected at necropsy for histopathologic assessment, and lesions were used to diagnose IP or non-IP. Statistical models determined potential associations between IP, cattle demographic, and TT-POCUS measured variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Evaluations of animals enrolled (n = 62) displayed significant associations with IP, including ultrasound lung score (ULS), B-line count, A-line count, and days on feed at treatment. Cattle with a ULS of 5 had the lowest probability of IP (0.12 ± 0.16) compared to cattle with a ULS of 2, 3, or 4 (0.72 ± 0.18, 0.93 ± 0.06, and 0.85 ± 0.08, respectively). Cattle with B-line counts > 5 had a higher probability of IP (0.86 ± 0.11) compared to cattle with 3 to 5 B-lines (0.38 ± 0.14). The probability of IP was higher in cattle with A-line counts < 3 (0.83 ± 0.10) compared to cattle with ≥ 3 A-lines (0.51 ± 0.15).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Strategic targeted thoracic ultrasonography has potential a value of timely IP diagnosis in feedyard cattle, thereby offering important insights into therapeutic and management decisions.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Targeted thoracic ultrasonography can be utilized as a method for IP diagnosis in feedyard cattle.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142845628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety evaluation of targeted osmotic lysis therapy in Beagles.","authors":"Robert P Hunter, James M Randazzo, Paige R Miller, Dennis Paul, Harry J Gould Iii, Richard Mallozzi","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.09.0284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.24.09.0284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to satisfy the US FDA's Center for Devices and Radiological Health regarding the safety of targeted osmotic lysis (TOL), a novel treatment for advanced carcinomas, in Beagle dogs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>12 intact Beagle dogs, 6 males and 6 females, were divided into 2 treatment groups of 6, each receiving 3 TOL cycles. For each 6-day cycle, digoxin was administered orally at 0.007 mg/kg q 12 h X 6 days to achieve steady-state plasma concentrations. On days 5 and 6 of each cycle, the animals were exposed to pulsed electric field (PEF) stimulation at a field strength of either 18 or 40 V/min for 2 hours. Following the completion of cycles 1 and 2, animals were observed for 7 days. On the day following the end of cycle 3, the animals were euthanized. A complete macroscopic examination was performed, and tissues were collected for microscopic examination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As there were no concurrent untreated control animals, only qualitative comparisons were performed to assess potential differences between group 1, which received the digoxin plus 18 V/min PEF, and group 2, which received digoxin plus 40 V/min PEF. No adverse events related to TOL exposure were observed in either group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Neither group demonstrated gross or microscopic lesions following 3 rounds of exposure to TOL.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Due to the lack of toxicity noted in the treated animals, TOL warrants consideration as either a standalone treatment option or as an adjunct to surgery or chemotherapy for managing malignant cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142833556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunization but not natural infection of horses results in antibody activity against the S protein of Streptococcus equi subsp equi.","authors":"Noah D Cohen, Emma V Hughes, Charlie Bayne, Ellen Ruth A Morris, Jocelyne M Bray, Kerstin K Landrock, Danielle M Gonzales, Reagan M Baker, Rafaela L Klein, Wen Liu, Rebecca M Legere, S Garrett Wehmeyer, Angela I Bordin, Igor H Wierzbicki, David J Gonzalez","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.08.0228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.24.08.0228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Evaluate the immunogenicity of a vaccine targeting the S protein (Ssee) of Streptococcus equi subsp equi and determine antibody activity against Ssee in horses with strangles.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was designed as a prospective experiment using 20 university-owned Quarter Horses and a cross-sectional serosurvey of 78 privately owned horses with strangles. Horses were immunized IM with 0 (n = 4), 200 (n = 8), or 400 (n = 8) μg of recombinant Ssee at weeks 0, 4, and 12. Serum and nasal secretions were collected at weeks 0, 4, 6, 12, 16, and 28 and tested by ELISA for immunoglobulin (Ig)-G against Ssee; nasal secretions were also tested for anti-Ssee IgA. The function of anti-Ssee IgG in serum was tested for complement deposition onto Ssee and opsonophagocytic killing of S equi subsp equi. Serum from horses with strangles was tested by ELISA for anti-Ssee IgG activity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Immunization with Ssee significantly (P < .05) increased serum and nasal IgG (but not nasal IgA) against Ssee for up to 12 weeks after the third immunization, and serum from vaccinated horses mediated significantly (P < .001) greater complement deposition onto Ssee, but not opsonophagocytic killing (P > .05), than controls. Horses with strangles did not develop high levels of serum IgG activity against Ssee.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Immunizing horses with Ssee resulted in increased activity of functional IgG in serum and nasal secretions, and horses with strangles had very low levels of serum IgG activity against Ssee.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>S protein has potential as a vaccine to reduce the severity of strangles and differentiate between infected and vaccinated horses.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142833553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diet type, fasting duration, and computed tomography hepatic attenuation influence postprandial plasma lipids, β-hydroxybutyric acid, glucose, and uric acid in bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps).","authors":"Mariana Sosa-Higareda, Hugues Beaufrère","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.09.0252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.24.09.0252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the effect of fasting duration and diet types (plant-based and crickets) on plasma glucose, uric acid, cholesterol, triglycerides, nonesterified fatty acid, β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA), and bile acids in bearded dragons after a single feeding.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Hepatic fat content was estimated by a CT scan. Animals were randomly divided into 2 groups, each receiving either a plant-based or cricket diet. Following a 72-hour fasting period, animals were gavage fed their respective diets. Blood samples were collected at 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours postfeeding for biochemistry analysis. Data were analyzed using linear mixed models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>22 bearded dragons were used. Plasma glucose, uric acid, bile acid, nonesterified fatty acid, and BHBA concentrations varied significantly over time between the 2 diets. Cholesterol and triglycerides remained stable throughout the fasting period. Glucose peaked for 48 hours in the plant-based group. Uric acid increased in the cricket group but declined in the plant-based group. Bile acids increased in both groups, with a more pronounced and sustained increase in the cricket group. Nonesterified fatty acid and BHBA decreased within the first 12 hours in both groups, with a subsequent rebound, except for BHBA in the plant-based group. Hepatic CT attenuation significantly influenced multiple analytes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A fasting period of 48 to 72 hours depending on analytes is recommended in bearded dragons before biochemistry analysis.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Fasting periods shorter than 48 to 72 hours may lead to erroneous interpretation of plasma biochemistry in bearded dragons. The findings of this study also suggest a feeding frequency of 2 to 3 days for adult bearded dragons.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142823767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting blood loss volume in a canine model of hemorrhagic shock using arterial waveform machine learning analysis.","authors":"Thomas Edwards, Jose M Gonzalez, Sofia Hernandez-Torres, Emilee Venn, Rebekah Ford, Nicole Ewer, Guillaume L Hoareau, Lawrence Holland, Victor A Convertino, Eric Snider","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.09.0256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.24.09.0256","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine if the compensatory reserve algorithm validated in humans can be applied to canines. Our secondary objective was to determine if a simpler waveform analysis could predict the percentage of blood loss volume.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>6 purpose-bred, anesthetized dogs underwent 5 rounds of controlled hemorrhage and resuscitation while continuously recording invasive arterial blood pressure waveforms in this prospective, experimental study. We calculated human compensatory reserve using deep learning (hCRM-DL) and machine learning (hCRM-ML) models previously developed with human data. We trained a metric to track blood loss volume using features extracted from canine (c) arterial waveforms as an input.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When applied to the 6 dogs, the hCRM-DL model (R2 = 0.38) more poorly fit a linear regression model against mean arterial pressure and had lower area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC; 0.60) compared to the hCRM-ML model (R2 = 0.61; AUROC, 0.73). Conversely, the arterial waveform analysis for canine blood loss volume metric (cBLVM) predicted blood loss in dogs experiencing controlled hemorrhagic shock more accurately (R2 = 0.74). The cBLVM model for predicting blood loss volume had the highest AUROC score (0.81) and was the earliest indicator of hemorrhage onset.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The hCRM-ML and hCRM-DL algorithms did not translate to accurate prediction of the onset of hemorrhagic shock in dogs. However, the arterial waveform feature analysis-derived cBLVM might provide decision support to resuscitate dogs with hemorrhagic shock.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Canine BLVM may be useful in estimating blood loss in dogs, which can guide resuscitation strategies for these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142811722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating periodontal probing depth and furcation involvement on the endodontic treatment of maxillary fourth premolar complicated crown-root fractures in 122 teeth.","authors":"Gyumin Kim, Youngung Kim, Kue Hwan Choe, Sangjun Oh, Su Young Heo, Namsoo Kim","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.09.0260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.24.09.0260","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the prognosis of root canal treatment (RCT) in dogs with complicated crown-root fractures (CCRFs) of the maxillary fourth premolar (PM4), focusing on the impact of periodontal probing depth (PPD) and furcation involvement on treatment outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study analyzed 122 PM4 teeth affected by CCRF in dogs. The primary outcomes were the success rates of RCT, measured against PPD, and the degree of furcation involvement (stages F0, F1, and F2). The PPD was measured preoperatively to assess its correlation with treatment prognosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis revealed that RCT outcomes were poor when PPD reached or exceeded 5.43 mm at the F0 stage of furcation involvement. Similarly, poor prognoses were associated with a PPD of 4.60 mm or more at the F1 stage and 3.76 mm or more at the F2 stage. These findings indicate a significant relationship between PPD, furcation involvement, and the success of RCT in CCRF-affected PM4 teeth.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both PPD and furcation involvement are critical factors influencing the success rate of RCT in dogs with CCRF-affected PM4 teeth. When considering RCT for such cases, these parameters should be carefully evaluated to optimize treatment outcomes.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>This study highlights the importance of assessing PPD and furcation involvement in the decision-making process for RCT in dogs with CCRF of the PM4 teeth, providing valuable insights for veterinary dental practitioners.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142790985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of accuracy of brain biopsy simulation between 3-dimensional-printed guides and neuronavigation in skull-brain tumor models of dogs and cats.","authors":"Taewan Kim, Youngjin Jeon, Yongsun Kim, Victoria Tay Kymm, Sungmin Kim, Dongbin Lee, Yoonho Roh","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.10.0301","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.24.10.0301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to compare the accuracy of brain biopsies in skull-brain tumor models (SBTMs) of dogs and cats using 2 techniques: 3-D-printed brain biopsy guides (3D-BBGs) and electromagnetic (EM) neuronavigation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on the CT data from 12 dogs and 3 cats, a total of 30 SBTMs were created using 3-D-printing technology, with 2 models per data set. Thirty brain biopsies were performed: 15 using 3D-BBGs and 15 using EM neuronavigation. The accuracy of the brain biopsies was assessed by comparing the prebiopsy and postbiopsy models using computer-aided design software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median needle placement error for all biopsies was 1.75 mm (range: 0.82 to 3.16 mm), with 1.79 mm (range: 0.94 to 2.94 mm) for the 3D-BBG group and 1.68 mm (range: 0.82 to 3.16 mm) for the EM neuronavigation group. There was no significant difference in accuracy between the 2 methods. In the EM neuronavigation group, the needle placement error correlated significantly with the total needle length, but no such correlation was observed in the 3D-BBG group. Both methods successfully retrieved samples from brain tumor models.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There was no significant difference in the accuracy of brain biopsies performed using 3D-BBGs and EM neuronavigation. This suggests that the choice of method depends on veterinarian preference, available hospital resources, and patient-specific considerations.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>This study demonstrates that both 3D-BBG and EM neuronavigation are viable options for performing brain biopsies in veterinary practice, potentially improving the diagnosis and treatment of brain tumors in small animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142783998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful treatment of megaesophagus with sildenafil in juvenile Pacific harbor seals (Phoca vitulina richardii) undergoing rehabilitation.","authors":"Treasa C Deegan, Lindsaye Akhurst, Sarah E Wright, Martin Haulena","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.09.0281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.24.09.0281","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the outcome of megaesophagus in harbor seal pups undergoing rehabilitation from January 2021 to December 2023.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>5 harbor seal (Phoca vitulina richardii) pups, 2 males and 3 females, were included in the study. All 5 cases had no clinical signs associated with megaesophagus on initial presentation to the rehabilitation facility. Case 1 presented with regurgitation, diarrhea, bloating, and poor gain of body mass starting 24 days into rehabilitation. Case 2 presented with regurgitation and bloating on day 12. Case 3 presented with hyporexia, bloating, poor gain of body mass, and regurgitation between days 55 and 60. Case 4 presented with lethargy, diarrhea, and regurgitation starting on day 12 of rehabilitation. Case 5 presented with difficulty gavage feeding 14 days into rehabilitation and regurgitation starting day 28. Radiographs in all 3 cases revealed dilation of the esophagus and gas distention of the stomach and intestines, consistent with megaesophagus. Cases 1, 2, and 3 were treated with 1 mg/kg sildenafil by mouth every 12 hours for 14 days at the time of diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cases 1 and 2 showed improvement in radiographic lesions and resolution of clinical signs after treatment and were released after 1 and 3 months of posttreatment monitoring respectively. None of the clinical signs returned after medications were discontinued. Postrelease survival was monitored in case 2 via a satellite-linked transmitter for 39 days. Case 3 was euthanized due to worsening lethargy, difficulty tube feeding, and continued loss of body mass after 6 days of treatment. Case 4 was euthanized at the time of diagnosis of megaesophagus on radiographs due to dull mentation and declining clinical status, and case 5 died a few hours after diagnosis of megaesophagus on radiographs before sildenafil treatment could be initiated.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Sildenafil successfully managed megaesophagus in 2 of 3 P vitulina richardii juveniles. This case series highlights that sildenafil may be a potential treatment option for megaesophagus in P vitulina richardii pups undergoing rehabilitation.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Based on the results of these cases, it is hypothesized that megaesophagus in rehabilitated harbor seals is not always a congenital defect but possibly an iatrogenic condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142783481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploratory assessment of the parent attitudes about childhood vaccines survey tool to assess vaccine hesitancy and pet vaccination status among pet owners.","authors":"Simon F Haeder","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.06.0163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.24.06.0163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the applicability of the parent attitudes about childhood vaccines (PACV) survey to pet owners and its association with vaccine hesitancy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A national survey including an adapted version of the PACV was administered to 2,853 dog and 1,977 cat owners. Respondents were queried about the vaccination status of their pets. Exploratory factor analysis, Mokken scale analysis, Cronbach α, McDonald ω, and bivariate analyses were used to assess the validity and reliability of the PACV and shortened versions. The Fisher exact test and linear probability models were used to assess the association between the PACV and other factors and vaccination status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The PACVs for pet owners were valid and reliable with high internal consistency and served as correlates for vaccination status. In multivariate analyses, long-term relationships with veterinarians were also associated with vaccination. Individual survey items indicated substantial concerns about vaccine safety, side effects, and efficacy. Most respondents indicated trust and good relationships with their veterinarian, had not avoided or delayed vaccinations, understood the severity of pet diseases, supported the recommended vaccine schedule, and did not self-identify as vaccine hesitant (VH). The PACV identified 21.7% of dogs and 25.9% of cat owners as VH.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The full and the reduced versions of the PACV are valid and reliable tools to assess VH status in dog and cat owners.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The PACV could serve as an important tool for veterinary researchers to identify factors associated with vaccine hesitancy and develop effective interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142783999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proximate analysis and profiles of amino acids, fatty acids, and minerals in insect-based foods for dogs.","authors":"Min-Ok Ryu, Kyung-Hye Lee, Hae-Min Ha, Hye-Ra Kim, Woo-Seok Ahn, Se-Hoon Kim, Kyoung-Won Seo","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.08.0243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.24.08.0243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze crude protein, crude fat, crude ash, crude fiber, amino acids, fatty acids, and minerals in insect-based dog foods and to evaluate their compliance with nutritional guidelines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Proximate analysis, mineral analysis, amino acid profiling, and fatty acid composition analysis were conducted from November 27, 2023, through February 2024 on 18 commercially available insect-based dog foods formulated for all-life-stage or adult dogs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Proximate analysis results revealed that all 18 pet foods met the Association of American Feed Control Officials guidelines. However, discrepancies were observed between the values listed on the packaging and those measured in 7 foods. Mineral analysis showed that while all foods met the Association of American Feed Control Officials guidelines for magnesium, discrepancies were found in calcium, phosphorus, zinc, iron, and copper content, with several samples failing to meet recommended levels. Additionally, 2 foods exceeded the recommended maximum ratio for certain fatty acids. Black soldier fly larvae-based foods contained higher levels of lauric and myristic acids compared to other insect-based foods.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Insect-based dog foods show promise as sustainable protein sources, but discrepancies in mineral content and fatty acid ratios highlight the need for both stricter regulation and better enforcement of existing guidelines to ensure nutritional adequacy for dog health and accurate labeling.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>This study provides valuable insights into the nutritional composition of insect-based dog foods, revealing inconsistencies in mineral content and fatty acid ratios. These findings can help the pet food industry develop more nutritionally consistent insect-based diets.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142783986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}