American journal of veterinary research最新文献

{"title":"Cornell University research and knowledge base address highly pathogenic avian influenza outbreak.","authors":"Lauren C Roberts, Francois Elvinger","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.05.0181","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.25.05.0181","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144504531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NC State leading the way in the nephrology and urology field.","authors":"Burgetta Eplin Wheeler","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.05.0165","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.25.05.0165","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144504532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feline caudal vena cava-to-aorta ratio and left atrial-to-aortic root ratio increase in acute hypervolemia.","authors":"Adam Whitelock, Katherine Nash, Keely Sayer, Wendy Goodwin","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.04.0114","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.25.04.0114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the caudal vena cava-to-aorta (CVC:Ao) ratio at the hepatorenal location and left atrial-to-aortic root (LA:Ao) ratio as ultrasonographic indicators of acute hypervolemia in cats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>10 healthy adult cats underwent general anesthesia with sevoflurane and were experimentally administered incremental volumes of lactated Ringer solution to achieve cumulative blood volume increases of 50%, 100%, 150%, and 200%. Point-of-care ultrasound measurements of the CVC:Ao and LA:Ao ratios were obtained at baseline, following each fluid bolus, and 15 minutes after the final infusion. All measurements were performed in triplicate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both CVC:Ao and LA:Ao ratios demonstrated increases from baseline at all time points. Following the initial fluid bolus (50% blood volume), the mean CVC:Ao ratio increased by 47% (mean difference, -0.51; 95% CI, -0.74 to 0.28), and the LA:Ao ratio increased by 26% (mean difference, -0.33; 95% CI, -0.58 to 0.07) from baseline. During the redistribution phase (15 minutes following final infusion), the LA:Ao ratio decreased significantly compared to postinfusion values, while the CVC:Ao ratio did not. Intraobserver reliability was good to excellent for the LA:Ao ratio (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.82 to 0.92) and moderate to good for the CVC:Ao ratio (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.70 to 0.86).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The CVC:Ao and LA:Ao ratios increased during acute hypervolemia in cats. The ultrasonographic measurements demonstrated good to excellent intraobserver reliability. The decrease in the LA:Ao ratio during the redistribution phase supports previous findings regarding rapid crystalloid redistribution in cats.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The CVC:Ao and LA:Ao ratios may serve as useful indicators of volume status in feline patients; however, studies in conscious clinical patients are warranted to further validate these findings in cats.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144493460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Running track length affects repeatability of sprint test results in working dogs.","authors":"Clara Wilson, Molly Buis, Amritha Mallikarjun, Cynthia M Otto","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.02.0070","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.25.02.0070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess whether running-track length (25 or 40 m) impacted the repeatability of results across runs using the Penn Vet Working Dog Center sprint test. While the 25-m track is standard, the impact of a longer track remains unknown. Determining whether a longer track improves repeatability is crucial for ensuring accurate performance assessments and optimizing protocols.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A counterbalanced crossover design compared within-subject variability between the 2 course distances (25 and 40 m). Seventeen working dogs in training participated in the study. Dogs were a minimum of 8 months old. Exclusion criteria were any canine illness or injury, adverse health events on test days, or a history of heat injury. The study took place from November 28 through December 15, 2023, in a temperature-controlled indoor space, with data collected 2 days/wk for 3 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Inter-run reliability within dogs was moderate for the 25-m track (0.67; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.79) and good for the 40-m track (0.82; 95% CI, 0.66 to 0.91). Dogs reached the 25-m line significantly faster when it was the interim point within the 40-m track compared to when it was the finish line.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results corroborate previous findings that the test produces repeatable results in healthy dogs, with the novel finding that the repeatability of results is improved when the track length is 40 m.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>By using this test longitudinally, veterinarians, handlers, and trainers can make data-driven decisions about a dog's readiness for sport or work, helping to prevent overtraining or injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144482887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing animal, human, and environmental health through innovation.","authors":"Younès Chorfi, Julie Blouin, David Francoz","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.06.0191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.25.06.0191","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144482886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can expanding the role of credentialed veterinary technicians benefit the conduct of clinical trials?","authors":"Talon S McKee","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.04.0131","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.25.04.0131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Credentialed veterinary technicians are often underutilized in clinical research. Additionally, there are limited prospects for career advancement in positions that maintain a clinical-facing component. In human medicine, clinical research coordinators are leveraged to achieve efficient and effective clinical studies. These roles contribute to improving recruitment, retention, and quality. Leveraging these roles in veterinary medicine can help increase the advancement of veterinary care while also allowing for the development of new career paths for credentialed veterinary technicians. However, significant investment is needed for these roles to be effective; a cost-benefit analysis is necessary for hospitals aiming to establish clinical trial centers.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144339823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methadone-fluconazole formulations provide superior clinical efficacy compared to buprenorphine injection in dogs undergoing soft tissue surgery.","authors":"Butch KuKanich, Kate KuKanich, Emily E Klocke, Micaela L Freeman, Alyson H Fitzgerald","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.03.0086","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.25.03.0086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the perioperative efficacy and safety of methadone-fluconazole injection followed by oral methadone-fluconazole-naltrexone (methadone-fluconazole) compared to IM buprenorphine followed by oral codeine (buprenorphine).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Healthy dogs undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy or castration from October 2019 through December 2019 were blocked to treatment by week. The methadone-fluconazole group treatment included methadone-fluconazole (0.5 and 2.5 mg/kg, SC) preoperatively and once postoperatively; methadone-fluconazole-naltrexone (0.5, 2.5, and 0.125 mg/kg, PO, q 12 h) and an NSAID started approximately 24 hours after surgery. The buprenorphine group included buprenorphine preoperatively (0.02 mg/kg, IM) and postoperatively (0.01 mg/kg, IM), and then codeine (1 to 2 mg/kg, PO, q 8 h) and an NSAID started approximately 8 hours postoperatively. Preoperative sedation included acepromazine; anesthetic induction included ketamine-midazolam and isoflurane anesthesia. Faculty-supervised veterinary students performed the anesthesia and surgery. The Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale assessed postoperative pain; treatment failures included total pain scores > 5 (if nonmobile), > 6 (if mobile), and need for additional analgesia/sedation. Variables of interest were compared between groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Enrollment included 119 dogs in the methadone-fluconaze group (47 male, 72 female) and 120 dogs in the buprenorphine group (44 male, 76 female). One dog was excluded (methadone-fluconazole) due to requiring additional surgery. Propofol was needed for anesthetic induction in 2 methadone-fluconazole and 8 buprenorphine dogs. Ephedrine was administered for intraoperative hypotension to 4 of 119 (methadone-fluconazole) and 8 of 120 (buprenorphine) dogs. One dog (methadone) received atropine. Mean ± SD postoperative rectal temperatures were significantly lower in methadone-fluconazole (35.6 ± 1.1 °C) than buprenorphine (36.1 ± 1.0 °C) dogs. Significantly more treatment failures occurred from buprenorphine (8 of 120) than methadone-fluconazole (1 of 119).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Methadone-fluconazole formulations provided superior clinical efficacy compared to buprenorphine.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Methadone-fluconazole formulations provide effective analgesia with twice-daily administration.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144339825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A thermal glass bead device provides an effective method of rapid disinfection of suture scissor blades in a veterinary environment.","authors":"Kathryn P Spivey, Steven W Frederick, Meera Surendran Nair, Katrin Saile","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.04.0123","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.25.04.0123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the effectiveness of glass bead disinfection on suture scissor blades following suture removal.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients presented to the surgery department at a private veterinary referral hospital for suture removal from a healed, nongrossly infected skin incision with more than 3 skin sutures from November 2024 through March 2025 were included. Paired pre- and post-glass bead disinfection samples were obtained from the blades of used suture scissors before and after 60-second disinfection with a commercially available glass bead disinfection device. The paired samples were evaluated for bacterial identification, bacterial quantification, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Frequency distributions (proportions) were reported, as appropriate, with 95% binomial exact CIs. Paired proportions were compared with the McNemar exact test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Suture scissors used on 41 patients (38 dogs and 3 cats) were included in this study. There were 82 (41 paired) cultures performed. Fourteen of 41 predisinfection cultures (34.1%; 95% CI, 20.1% to 50.6%) had bacterial growth. Bacterial growth was not identified on any postdisinfection cultures (0.0%; 95% CI, 0.0% to 8.6%). Staphylococcus spp were the most frequent organisms (9 of 14 [64%]; 95% CI, 35% to 87%), with 4 isolates being a methicillin-resistant subtype.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Glass bead disinfection is a quick and effective means for disinfecting the blades of suture scissors in veterinary practice.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Glass bead disinfection may be a more efficient and cost-effective alternative to true sterilization for lowering the risks of cross-contamination associated with the use of suture scissors in a veterinary setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144339822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Median blood lactate values are elevated in dogs presenting with acute seizure activity: 2014-2024.","authors":"George G Munguia, Elizabeth J Thomovsky, Aimee C Brooks, Hsin-Yi Weng","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.03.0094","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.25.03.0094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To establish the expected presenting blood lactate values in dogs with acute seizure activity. The secondary goal was to compare lactate values between dogs presenting for a single seizure (SSG) or cluster seizures (CSG) or in status epilepticus (SEG).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective observational study, the electronic medical record at a university small animal hospital was queried for dogs with acute seizures (within 24 hours of presentation) with a blood lactate measurement within 2 hours of presentation between January 1, 2014, and October 31, 2024. Data related to seizure type, lactate values, patient vital parameters, and other blood parameters (if available) were extracted. Dogs with incomplete medical records were excluded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>88 dogs were included in 95 presentation events. The median age was 6 years, 5 months; 52 events involved female dogs, and 43 events involved male dogs. Twenty-two dogs made up the SSG, 51 dogs made up the CSG, and 22 dogs made up the SEG. The majority (72.6%) of dogs had a high lactate value on presentation (median values: SSG, 2.7 mmol/L; CSG, 3.1 mmol/L; and SEG, 4.65 mmol/L). Status epilepticus dogs had a statistically significantly elevated body temperature (median, 39.4 °C) compared to the SSG (38.8 °C); there were no statistically significant differences in blood glucose, lactate, or blood pH between groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Median lactate values were elevated in all groups at presentation, but there was no statistical difference between groups. The median temperature was elevated in the SEG.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>This study provides expected lactate values in dogs with acute seizure activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144339824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urethrocystoscopic-guided scissor correction of vestibular vaginal changes as minimally invasive treatment option to endoscopic scissors in female dogs: 13 cases (2022-2024).","authors":"Carolina Martinelli, Jiuliany Breda Colatto, Juliano Jácomo Mendes Silotti, Pietra Da Silva Galimberti, Juarez Henrique Ferreira, Igor Luiz Salardani Senhorello, Talita Mariana Morata Raposo-Ferreira","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.12.0387","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.24.12.0387","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the incidence and effectiveness of urethrocystoscopy-guided scissor correction for vestibulovaginal anomalies in female dogs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 13 female dogs treated between September 2022 and September 2024 at the Veterinary Nephrology and Urology Center. Diagnosed anomalies were persistent paramesonephric septal remnants (10 cases), vaginal septa (2 cases), and double vagina (1 case). Inclusion criteria were clinical signs of urinary tract infections and anomalies confirmed via endoscopy. Urethrocystoscopy-guided scissor correction was performed. Preoperative assessments included bloodwork, urinalysis, urine culture, sensitivity testing, and ultrasonography. Outcomes were monitored for 1 year postprocedure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Persistent paramesonephric septal remnants were the most common (10 cases). Associated conditions included ectopic ureters (4 cases), bladder wall thickening (4 cases), and urolithiasis (7 cases). Mean correction time ranged from 30 to 93 minutes, depending on the anomaly. Clinical signs such as dysuria, pollakiuria, hematuria, and urinary incontinence resolved in most cases. Minor complications included transient intraoperative bleeding that did not require discontinuation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Urethrocystoscopy-guided scissor correction proved effective and minimally invasive for treating vestibulovaginal anomalies, with high success rates and minimal morbidity. Clinical signs resolved in most cases, supporting its use as an alternative to traditional surgery or laser ablation.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>This technique offers a safe, cost-effective option for treating vestibulovaginal anomalies in dogs, improving clinical outcomes, and reducing complications. Further studies with larger sample sizes are recommended to validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144339836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}