Prophylactic use of canine parvovirus monoclonal antibody induces blockade of vaccinal canine parvovirus immunization similar to maternally derived passive immunity.
Laurie Larson, Jason Hansen, Prakash Ramasami, Jennifer M Miller, Barton J Slagter, Danielle Tremblay, Mayur Patel, Terri Wasmoen
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Objective: To determine initial antibody titer, degradation profile, and duration of passive antibody blockade of active immunization by modified-live viral (MLV) canine parvovirus (CPV-2) vaccine following CPV monoclonal antibody (CPMA) prophylactic subcutaneous (SC) administration to CPV-2-naïve puppies.
Methods: Purpose-bred, CPV-2-seronegative male and female Beagle dogs, 7 to 8 weeks of age, were randomized to CPMA treatment (n = 13) and control (7) groups. Dogs were commingled and group housed in a shower-in/shower-out facility. At study day 0, dogs were administered either 0.1 mL/kg body weight CPMA SC or an equivalent volume of saline. Sera collected weekly over 140 days were assayed via hemagglutination inhibition and serum virus neutralization. All dogs were administered a commercially available MLV vaccine containing CPV-2 in combination with other core vaccine viruses at 3-week time points beginning at study day 42.
Results: All control dogs remained seronegative through day 42 and seroconverted to CPV-2 after the initial dose of MLV vaccine. By study day 1, the CPMA-treated group showed a mean passive hemagglutination inhibition titer of 1,674. The average degradation rate was calculated at R2 = 0.97, with a mean half-life of 18.9 days. Twelve of 13 (92%) in the treated group seroconverted after a fourth vaccination on day 105.
Conclusions: Prophylactic CPMA at 0.1 mL/kg body weight SC can block active CPV-2 immunization for 15 weeks when given to seronegative puppies.
Clinical relevance: Initial puppy vaccination series should be extended after CPMA prophylactic use.
期刊介绍：
The American Journal of Veterinary Research supports the collaborative exchange of information between researchers and clinicians by publishing novel research findings that bridge the gulf between basic research and clinical practice or that help to translate laboratory research and preclinical studies to the development of clinical trials and clinical practice. The journal welcomes submission of high-quality original studies and review articles in a wide range of scientific fields, including anatomy, anesthesiology, animal welfare, behavior, epidemiology, genetics, heredity, infectious disease, molecular biology, oncology, pharmacology, pathogenic mechanisms, physiology, surgery, theriogenology, toxicology, and vaccinology. Species of interest include production animals, companion animals, equids, exotic animals, birds, reptiles, and wild and marine animals. Reports of laboratory animal studies and studies involving the use of animals as experimental models of human diseases are considered only when the study results are of demonstrable benefit to the species used in the research or to another species of veterinary interest. Other fields of interest or animals species are not necessarily excluded from consideration, but such reports must focus on novel research findings. Submitted papers must make an original and substantial contribution to the veterinary medicine knowledge base; preliminary studies are not appropriate.
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