American journal of veterinary research最新文献

{"title":"Iodinated contrast dye-diluent combination exhibits longer time to full dye saturation compared to lidocaine, bupivacaine, and water in porcine cadaveric nervous tissue.","authors":"Victoria Albano, Stephanie Hon, Stephen Parry, Cristina de Miguel Garcia","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.04.0108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.24.04.0108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Dye-diluent combinations have different nerve-staining behavior, making locoregional cadaveric dye study findings difficult to compare. The objective of this study was to quantify the effect of 4 diluents on nerve color saturation when used in combination with commercial food dye.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>48 unpreserved brachial plexus nerves were randomized into 4 diluent groups. Lidocaine, bupivacaine, iodinated contrast, and sterile water were combined with commercial food dye (10:1), and prosected nerves were immersed in one of these groups for 1, 15, 30, or 60 minutes. Images at baseline and at each timepoint were processed using ImageJ. Color saturation was divided into quartiles (dark, medium dark, medium light, or light). The percentage of nerve area stained in each quartile was compared using a 2-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At 1 minute, water and bupivacaine had a higher percentage of area of dark saturation compared to contrast. At 15 and 30 minutes, dark and medium-dark saturation percentages of area were also larger in lidocaine, bupivacaine, and water compared to contrast. There were no differences in saturation percentages of areas between groups at 60 minutes. Within groups, all diluents had darker percentages of area saturation at 15, 30, and 60 minutes compared to minute 1.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In porcine nerves, the staining profiles of 2% lidocaine, 0.5% bupivacaine, and sterile water combined withcommercial food dye appear similar and may be used interchangeably after 15 minutes of exposure. When using iodinated contrast, exposures over 60 minutes yield comparable results to other diluents.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Diluents contribute to heterogeneous nerve-staining behavior and should be considered when comparing study outcomes. If contrast is used as the diluent in cadaveric studies with postoperative imaging, researchers should be aware of the significant delay to reach a saturation level comparable to other diluent combinations.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142779247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generation of primary feline chimeric antigen receptor T cells.","authors":"James R Cockey, Gavin M Zhou, Emily N Kulp, Christian A Urbina, Christina Kerkenpaß, Cynthia A Leifer","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.08.0247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.24.08.0247","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this study was to develop procedures to engineer feline chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>6 healthy cats were used in this study. Blood was collected, and CD3+ primary T cells were enriched by magnetic activated cell sorting, expanded, and used to generate CAR T cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Phorbol myristate acetate plus ionomycin and concanavalin A induced similar early proliferation of CD3-enriched feline CD4+ and CD8+ T cells but phorbol myristate acetate plus ionomycin induced greater expansion over 12 days. Chimeric antigen receptor T cells were engineered by transduction with an FIV-based lentiviral system to express a human CD19 CAR. Feline CD19 CAR T cells demonstrated specific cytotoxicity against human CD19+ target cells. Conditions were developed to polarize the T cells to THelper subsets.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We generated functional and specific primary feline CAR T cells and demonstrated conditions to polarize the cells, which may be therapeutically advantageous for CAR T-cell use in a variety of disease contexts.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>CAR T therapy has been used with great success for human hematologic malignancies and is under development for use in canines. Our study is the first demonstration of functional feline CAR T cells and describes the procedures for their engineering. These findings lay the foundation for future development of CAR T therapy for multiple feline diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142779230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"18F-sodium fluoride positron emission tomography is a sensitive imaging technique to detect atherosclerosis in Amazon parrots (Amazona spp).","authors":"Lucyanne Megan, Kelsey Brust, Matthieu Spriet, Pedro Ruivo, Marcel Gómez-Ponce, Hugues Beaufrère","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.10.0303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.24.10.0303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate and establish a protocol for 18F-sodium fluoride (18F-NaF) PET scan imaging in Amazon parrots for atherosclerosis diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this feasibility proof-of-concept study, 18F-NaF μPET scan and μCT scan were obtained on Hispaniolan (Amazona ventralis) and orange-winged Amazon parrots (A amazonica). A different μPET scan protocol was used for each species. Images were reviewed by 3 observers for arterial calcification and radiotracer uptake indicative of atherosclerosis. A blood lipid profile was also performed. A subset of Hispaniolan Amazon parrots were euthanized after completion of the study, and the heart and arteries were collected for histopathology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>10 adult Hispaniolan and 8 adult orange-winged Amazon parrots were scanned. Atherosclerotic lesions were detected on both μCT and μPET scan in various arteries. The presence of streak artifacts and increased noise on μCT scan limited the ability to detect high-attenuation areas of arteries and obtain observer consensus except for 1 case of severe arterial calcification. μPET scan was overall more sensitive, had higher interobserver agreement in lesion scoring, and detected a higher number of lesions in both species, including in coronary arteries. On histopathology on 5 Amazon parrots, the majority (5/6) of clinically relevant atherosclerotic lesions and some preatheromatous lesions (1/3) were identified on μPET scan. No association between atherosclerosis detection on μPET scan and the lipid profile was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study established a safe and effective protocol for 18F-NaF molecular imaging of psittacine atherosclerosis, which proved to be more sensitive than CT scan.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>18F-sodium fluoride PET scan allows for a more reliable and earlier diagnosis of atherosclerotic lesions in Amazon parrots.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142764867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of recording angle on accuracy of Kinovea-based kinematic gait analysis compared to three-dimensional motion analysis in healthy dogs: optimal at 90° recording angle.","authors":"Elena V Winkler, Susanne K Lauer, Stephanie I Steigmeier-Raith, Yury Zablotski, Monika A Mille","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.10.0290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.24.10.0290","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of recording angle on the accuracy of 2-D Kinovea-based kinematic motion analysis (KMA) compared to 3-D KMA in dogs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective study, 3-D marker-based KMA (VICON-Nexus, version 2.12.1, and Procalc, version 1.6; VICON Motion Systems Ltd) was performed on healthy dogs (body weight ≥ 20 kg) walking on a treadmill (study period: November 2022). Simultaneously, dogs were video-recorded by 3 smartphones (iPhone SE; Apple Inc) at 1.50 m distance and 45°, 90°, and 135° recording angles relative to the shoulder for Kinovea-based, angle-calibrated KMA. Shoulder, elbow, carpal, hip, stifle, and tarsal joint kinematics were calculated for 3 synchronized gait cycles. Each gait cycle was divided into 10 increments. The estimated difference between 3-D KMA and Kinovea was assessed using robust linear mixed-effects models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>34 dogs were included. Differences of less than 5° between methods were considered reasonable. At a 45° recording angle, the estimated joint angle difference was < 5° for the carpus and hip during ≥ 5 of 10 gait cycle increments. At 90°, the difference was < 5° across all joints for ≥ 9 of 10 increments and at 135° was < 5° for the elbow, carpus, and hip for ≥ 7 of 10 increments.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Kinovea-based kinematics were most accurate when recorded at 90°. At 45°, Kinovea provided accurate data for the carpus and hip and at 135° for the elbow, carpus, and hip.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>While angle-calibrated kinematic measurements can be accurate when using Kinovea for canine KMA, a 90° recording angle is preferable.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142764890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microvascular reactivity in anesthetized cats: feasibility and proof of concept study.","authors":"Pen-Ting Liao, Michael Tillson, Stuart Clark-Price, Kendon Kuo, Katherine Gerken","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.09.0262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.24.09.0262","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Assessment of feasibility and proof of concept study for microvascular reactivity in anesthetized cats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>12, adult, healthy, purpose-bred cats were included. Cats were anesthetized and instrumented with a perivascular ultrasound transit time flow probe around the main pulmonary artery, a femoral arterial catheter, a central venous catheter, and a laser Doppler flowmeter with a heating unit. After a 20-minute stabilization period, microvascular reactivity, hemodynamic variables, and arterial and central venous blood gases were measured during 3 phases: (1) baseline, (2) hemorrhage, and (3) isotonic crystalloid bolus. Hemorrhage was induced by atraumatic blood loss of 20 mL/kg over 20 minutes. An isotonic crystalloid bolus at 20 mL/kg was administered IV over 20 minutes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>6 cats were excluded from the analysis due to equipment errors or surgical complications. Microvascular reactivity decreased significantly after hemorrhage and remained below baseline after isotonic crystalloid bolus.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Microvascular reactivity assessment is feasible in healthy anesthetized cats. Hemorrhage decreases microvascular reactivity, and the administration of an isotonic crystalloid bolus did not reverse these changes. However, the small sample size may limit the external validity of the results.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>This study demonstrated the feasibility of microvascular reactivity assessment in anesthetized cats. However, proper validation is warranted before clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142765346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reference intervals for equine fecal calprotectin and calprotectin:protein ratio and preliminary clinical evaluation in horses with colic and colitis.","authors":"Rebecca C Bishop, Nidhi Shanthappa, Sara L Connolly, Pamela A Wilkins, Annette M McCoy","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.09.0271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.24.09.0271","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To establish the reference interval (RI) of fecal calprotectin (fCP) and fCP:protein ratio in the feces of healthy horses and demonstrate preliminary clinical utility for the quantification of intestinal inflammation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Feces were collected from healthy horses (n = 103) and horses with colic (n = 15) or colitis (n = 13). Feces were suspended in buffer to create fecal supernatant. Fecal calprotectin concentration was determined by ELISA, fecal total protein concentration was determined by bicinchoninic acid assay, and the fCP:protein ratio was calculated. Reference intervals for fCP and fCP:protein ratio were calculated from healthy horses. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed to evaluate associations between fCP concentration and fCP:protein ratio with group and other clinical features. The study period was from September 20, 2023, through April 20, 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The RI for fCP was 0.056 to 0.278 μg/mL; 4 of 13 colitis cases had fCP above the RI. The RI for fCP:protein was 6.6 X 10-6 to 4.9 X 10-5; 5 of 13 colitis cases and 2 of 15 colic cases had fCP:protein above the RI. Horses with colitis had significantly greater fCP (median [quartile 1, quartile 3], 0.234 [0.194, 0.279] μg/mL) than healthy horses (0.196 [0.138, 0.220] μg/mL) or colic cases (0.189 [0.164, 0.215] μg/mL). There was a greater difference in fCP:protein ratio between colitis cases (4.31 X 10-5 [3.19 X 10-5, 6.23 X 10-5]) and both healthy horses (2.19 X 10-5 [1.58 X 10-5, 2.88 X 10-5]) and colic cases (1.52 X 10-5 [1.22 X 10-5, 3.56 X 10-5]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both fCP and fCP:protein ratio were increased in horses in colitis; additional work is needed to establish clinical utility.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>There are few reliable diagnostic modalities for inflammation of the equine large colon. With additional development of a clinically applicable test and validation in larger population, fecal calprotectin may facilitate noninvasive quantification of intestinal inflammation in horses.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142765472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tritrichomonas foetus is not located in the accessory glands, epididymis, or testicles of infected bulls, and post mortem changes influence recovery of organism.","authors":"Jennifer H Koziol, Clinton J Roof, Stephanie Myers, Michael Cruz Penn, Ryan B Williams","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.08.0239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.24.08.0239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the presence of Tritrichomonas foetus in the accessory sex glands, epididymis, and testicular tissue of T foetus-positive bulls and to assess the impact of post mortem tissue acidity on quantitative reverse-transcription PCR results.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>8 bulls were euthanized from June 12 through June 15, 2023, and samples from their accessory sex glands, testicles, and epididymis were collected for T foetus testing. Preputial smegma was obtained before and after euthanasia and tested for T foetus by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR. The pH of the penile and preputial epithelial surfaces was measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Tritrichomonas foetus was not detected in samples from the testicle, epididymis, or epididymal semen. A post mortem decrease in the pH of the penis and prepuce correlated with a rise in cycle threshold values.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Tritrichomonas foetus was not present in samples taken, suggesting its absence in these specific reproductive tissues. A decrease in the pH of the penis and prepuce over time post mortem correlated with an increase in cycle threshold values in the samples. This relationship indicates that changes in pH may impact the detectability or stability of genetic material in these tissues, possibly affecting diagnostic outcomes as time from death progresses.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>This research enhances the understanding of T foetus pathology in bulls and suggests that epididymal semen recovery could be a viable method for preserving genetic material from valuable bulls that test positive for T foetus. It also emphasizes the need for timely post mortem sampling to ensure accurate detection and management of T foetus in the cattle industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142765473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pergolide mesylate administration does not decrease blood thyroid hormone concentrations and thyroid function in horses.","authors":"Martyna M Jargielo, Janice E Kritchevsky, François-René Bertin","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.09.0257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.24.09.0257","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Pergolide, labeled for the treatment of pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction, is 90% protein bound and might cause a decrease in blood thyroid hormone concentrations by displacing them from binding proteins. This study investigated the effect of pergolide on the equine thyroid function.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was an analytic, observational, cohort study. Six horses (17 to 24 years old and 530 to 599 kg) received 1 mg of pergolide mesylate orally once a day from days 1 to 6. Total T4 (tT4) was measured daily from day 0 to 11 (before, during, and after pergolide treatment). Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulation tests were conducted on days 0 and 6. Total T3 (tT3), tT4, and free T4 by equilibrium dialysis (fT4) were measured at baseline and 2 hours (tT3) and 4 hours (tT3, T4, and fT4) after TRH administration. The effect of pergolide on thyroid hormone concentration was determined by ANOVA, with P < .05 considered significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No effect of pergolide was detected on tT4 during and after treatment. Administration of TRH resulted in significant increases in tT3 (effect size: +165.8 ng/dL [95% CI, 109.4 to 222.2 ng/dL]), tT4 (+1.162 µg/dL [95% CI, 0.7135 to 1.610 µg/dL]), and fT4 (+1.195 µg/dL [95% CI, 0.7195 to 1.670 µg/dL]). There was, however, no significant effect of pergolide on any thyroid hormone concentration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pergolide has no detected effect on blood thyroid hormone concentrations and equine thyroid function.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Protein-bound agents do not necessarily affect thyroid hormone concentrations. In horses with pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction, low thyroid hormone concentrations are likely due to the condition itself, not pergolide treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142765465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogenetic analysis reveals genetic characteristics of orf virus F1L and B2L genes in the Fujian province.","authors":"Yusheng Lin, JinXiu Jiang, Yongliang Che","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.08.0222","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.24.08.0222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigates the molecular epidemiology of orf virus (ORFV) in the Fujian province in 2024, with the goal of gaining insights that can enhance disease prevention and control strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This experimental study was conducted from January 2024 through March 2024. The samples, showing suspected orf lesions, tested positive for ORFV via PCR. The ORFV059 (F1L) and ORFV011 (B2L) genes from these samples were cloned and sequenced.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis identified 3 ORFV strains: FJ-2401, FJ-2402, and FJ-2403. For the F1L gene, nucleotide sequence identity ranged from 95.7% to 99.6%, and amino acid identity ranged from 95.0% to 99.7% compared to the reference strain. These strains were closely related to others from Fujian, Guangzhou, and India but differed from the NZ2 reference strain, the German D1701 weak strain, and Chinese vaccine strains, which were in separate branches. For the B2L gene, nucleotide identity ranged from 97.4% to 99.6%, and amino acid identity ranged from 97.1% to 100%. Evolutionary analysis indicated potential recombination events with strains from Fujian, Jilin, and India. The B2L gene showed distinct branching from the German D1701 weak strain, Fujian GO strain, and Chinese vaccine strains, suggesting that current vaccines might be inadequate.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Viruses are constantly evolving, and currently available commercial vaccines may not provide sufficient protection against emerging ORFV strains. This underscores the urgent need for updated vaccines and improved management strategies.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The study reveals significant genetic diversity and potential recombination in ORFV strains in Fujian, highlighting their divergence from known references.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142724718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Objective assessment of computed tomographic pulmonary attenuation of inspiratory and expiratory series in dogs with and without bronchomalacia.","authors":"Charlotte Gerhard, Isabelle Masseau, Aida Vientos-Plotts, Gregory F Petroski, Carol Reinero","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.07.0186","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.24.07.0186","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To document objective metrics of attenuation of the pulmonary parenchyma on inspiratory and expiratory breath-hold CT in dogs with bronchomalacia (BM) and dogs without BM (NoBM) using automated software analysis. Metrics included mean lung attenuation, percent low-attenuation area at -856 HU, percent high-attenuation area at -700 HU, and percent attenuation area between -600 and -250 HU.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Client-owned dogs with BM (n = 123) and NoBM (20).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study utilized 3D Slicer software (Brigham and Women's Hospital) to assess pulmonary CT attenuation. Analysis used Spearman correlation and 2-way ANOVA with beta regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Comparing the difference between inspiratory and expiratory phases, there was a significantly greater increase in mean lung attenuation (P = .001), a significant reduction in percent low-attenuation area at -856 HU (P = .016), and a significant increase in percent high-attenuation area at -700 HU and percent attenuation area between -600 and -250 HU (P < .001 and P < .0001, respectively) in BM versus NoBM dogs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The higher inspiratory and expiratory difference in lung attenuation in BM compared to NoBM dogs supports the presence of impaired parenchymal aeration downstream of segmental and subsegmental airway collapse.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Quantitative image analysis holds promise for objectively evaluating changes with BM.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142715214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}