American journal of veterinary research最新文献

{"title":"Effects of luteinizing hormone receptor activation in immortalized neoplastic canine T lymphocytes.","authors":"Elizabeth Maxwell, Alexa Dietz, Wanli Li, Michelle Kutzler","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.07.0208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.24.07.0208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The expression of luteinizing hormone (LH) receptors has been reported in canine nonneoplastic and neoplastic lymphocytes. This study aimed to determine the effect of LH receptor activation in neoplastic canine T lymphocytes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cell lines (CLC, CLK, EMA) derived from 3 dogs with primary T-cell lymphoma were used. Cell lines were previously phenotyped and evaluated for LH receptor expression with flow cytometry. Cell lines were stimulated with increasing concentrations (0, 4, 400, and 4,000 U/mL) of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG; an LH receptor agonist), RNA was extracted, cDNA was synthesized, and gene expression was determined using quantitative PCR and the 2-ΔΔCt method. Cell lines were stimulated with the same increasing concentrations of hCG, and cell proliferation, adhesion, and transmigration were determined using commercial assays. The effects of LH receptor activation were compared between hCG concentrations using a one-way ANOVA. Significance was defined as P < .05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LH receptor stimulation increased LH receptor gene expression in the CLC cell line, and there was a trend for increased expression in the EMA cell line but no effect in the CLK cell line. Activation of LH receptors increased proliferation in all 3 cell lines, endothelium adhesion in 2 cell lines (CLC, CLK), and transmigration in 2 cell lines (CLK, EMA).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>LH receptor stimulation using hCG increased LH receptor gene expression in neoplastic canine T lymphocytes and increased cell proliferation, adhesion, and transmigration.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>These findings may provide a physiologic mechanism for the increased incidence of lymphoma reported in dogs with sustained supraphysiologic LH concentrations.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142715211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The AVMA journals continue to provide, promote, and advance.","authors":"Nick DeLuca","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.85.12.editorial","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.85.12.editorial","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":"85 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142765475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calcium and magnesium abnormalities in puppies with parvoviral enteritis.","authors":"Anneri Mouton, Anri Celliers, Peter N Thompson, Richard J Mellanby, Johan P Schoeman","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.07.0187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.24.07.0187","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the association between ionized calcium (iCa) and/or total magnesium (tMg) and the development of sepsis and to investigate whether iCa or tMg is associated with mortality in puppies with canine parvoviral enteritis (CPE).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>64 client-owned puppies with CPE were enrolled in this prospective cohort study. Serum iCa and tMg were measured daily from admission until death or discharge. Fifteen healthy client-owned puppies were used as controls.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean iCa concentrations of the CPE group on admission were significantly lower compared to the control group (1.35 mmol/L vs 1.52 mmol/L). Ionized calcium concentrations of nonsurvivors were significantly higher compared to survivors on day 2 but not on any other days. Puppies that were hypercalcemic on day 2 were also significantly more likely to die than normocalcemic puppies (OR, 10.7; 95% CI, 1.7 to 71). Ionized calcium was not associated with the development of sepsis on any day. In contrast, mean admission tMg concentrations of the CPE group were significantly higher compared to the control group (0.72 mmol/L vs 0.63 mmol/L). However, tMg concentrations were not significantly different between survivors and nonsurvivors nor were they associated with the development of sepsis on any day.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>On admission, puppies with CPE had lower iCa and higher tMg compared to healthy puppies, and higher iCa a day after initiation of treatment was associated with increased odds of mortality.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The results of this study provide insight into calcium homeostasis in critically ill young dogs with CPE.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142643253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kirschner wire creates more microdamage than standard or acrylic drill bits in the rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculi) femur.","authors":"Anna M Massie, Amy S Kapatkin, Tanya C Garcia, Denis J Marcellin-Little, David Sanchez-Migallon Guzman, Po-Yen Chou, Susan M Stover","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.07.0198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.24.07.0198","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Histologically evaluate damage to rabbit femur after the creation of bicortical 1.5-mm-diameter holes using a standard surgical drill bit, an acrylic drill bit, and a Kirschner wire (K-wire).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>10 femora (5 pairs) from skeletally mature female intact New Zealand white rabbits were used. The bone diaphyses were divided into 4 locations, systematically undergoing each test (surgical drill bit, acrylic drill bit, K-wire, and intact control). Four pairs were drilled using a mechanical testing machine, and 1 pair was drilled by hand. Cross-sections of the bone were stained en bloc with basic fuchsin for undecalcified histological evaluation. Damaged bone was reported as a percentage of a standardized area and categorized by location (cis- or transcortex), drill contact (entrance or exit of the cortex), and total damage (both cortices).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The drilling method (hand vs mechanical testing machine) had no effect on histologic damage, so results were analyzed by combining all data. The K-wire demonstrated the greatest area of cracks/damage compared to both standard surgical and acrylic drill bits, whereas no difference in damage was noted between the 2 drill bits for all variables.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The K-wire and drill bits caused microdamage; K-wire drilling created more microdamage than drill bits.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The rabbit bone cortex is thin and brittle relative to dogs and cats, leading to failure during and after fracture fixation. The clinical failure of rabbit bone is at least partially caused by drill bits or K-wires causing microcracks.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142612179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Avian health and virology at Auburn University.","authors":"Frank F Bartol, Miria F Criado, Ruediger Hauck, Constantinos Kyriakis, Haroldo Toro, Vicky L van Santen, Calvin M Johnson","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.10.0292","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.24.10.0292","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142612168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of ultrasound-guided cervical intervertebral disc injection to aid in intraoperative site identification in dog cadavers.","authors":"Jérémie Ficheroulle, Pierre P Picavet, Kris Gommeren, Justine Monseur, Géraldine E Bolen","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.08.0237","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.24.08.0237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study the feasibility of ultrasound-guided intervertebral disc (IVD) injection of contrast medium and methylene blue to aid in intraoperative identification of cervical IVD spaces in dogs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a single-center experimental cadaver study using randomly chosen skeletally mature dog cadavers from January 2, 2023, to March 23, 2023. For each cadaver, 1 cervical IVD was randomly selected. The ventral cervical region was ultrasonographically examined, pushing the trachea leftwards. A 50/50 contrast medium (iohexol, 300 mgI/mL) and methylene blue mixture was injected under ultrasound guidance in the IVD and ventral soft tissues. The x-rays and CT scans were performed before and after injection. Each cadaver was dissected using a ventral slot procedure. The cadavers and IVD characteristics, the success rate in ultrasonographically identifying the correct IVD space, time to injection, most caudal IVD space feasibly injectable, and semiquantitative imaging and surgical scores were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>20 canine cadavers were used. The IVD injections were successfully performed in the correct IVD space in all cadavers. The median time to injection was 3.95 minutes (Q1 to Q3, 3.22 to 5.88 minutes). The contrast medium was clearly visible on at least 1 radiographic projection in all but 1 case and on the CT in all cases. During surgical dissection, the dye was clearly visible in all but 1 case. The dogs' weight was significantly different between most caudal IVD spaces feasibly injectable.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Ultrasonographical cervical IVD space identification and mixture injection are feasible and might help intraoperative cervical IVD space identification in dogs.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>This technique could be used presurgically in patients with cervical IVD diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142575197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glycyrrhizin alleviated cisplatin-induced testicular injury by inhibiting the oxidative, apoptotic, hormonal, and histological alterations.","authors":"Fawiziah Khalaf Alharbi, Lashin Saad Ali, Gamal A Salem, Naira ElAshmouny, Sanad S El-Kholy, Walaa M Essawi, Azza I Helal, Hany Sabry A Ibrahim, Naief Dahran, Eman S El-Shetry, Rania Hassan Mohamed Soliman, Hassan Emam, Mamdouh Eldesoqui, Fahmy Gad Elsaid, Fawziah A Al-Salmi, Doaa Abdelrahaman, Eman Fayad, Abdel-Rahman A Sobeih, Wael A M Ghonimi","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.10.0288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.24.10.0288","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the potential contribution of glycyrrhizin (GLZ) to mitigate the testicular toxicity linked to cisplatin (CIS) intoxication.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>40 mature male Wistar albino rats (Rattus norvegicus albinus) were randomly divided into 4 equal groups (n = 10) for 60 days: the control group, CIS-treated group (single dose of 7 mg/kg, IP), GLZ-treated group (25 mg/kg, PO), and GLZ plus CIS-treated group. Blood and testis samples were examined using biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical techniques. Semen samples were also obtained, and any abnormalities were reported.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Serum follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and testosterone levels were all markedly reduced by CIS. Oxidative stress and a significant reduction in levels of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase were linked to CIS. Immunohistochemically, CIS showed diffuse, significantly positive immunolocalizations against the anti-caspase 3 antibody, indicating widespread apoptosis within the testicular parenchyma. Histopathologically, CIS showed diffuse coagulative necrosis of spermatogenic cells, necrotic Sertoli cells, intertubular edema, and Leydig cell hyperplasia. Moreover, CIS revealed a noteworthy increase in sperm abnormalities. Pre-coadministration and posttreatment with GLZ mitigated the majority of these detrimental consequences, and serum levels of antioxidant enzymes, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and testosterone were significantly elevated.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Glycyrrhizin has been proven to be a strong antioxidant as well as antiapoptotic and cytoprotective against CIS testicular damage.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The described model is a tool to evaluate the testicular protective impact of GLZ.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142612175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The EpiCentre: redefining the future of animal health.","authors":"Naomi Cogger, Emilie Vallee, Supatsak Subharat, Masako Wada, Masood Sujau, Jun-Hee Han, Katja E Isaksen, Chris W R Compton","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.10.0298","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.24.10.0298","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142612190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of production practices and sanitary management on the prevalence of Neospora caninum and bluetongue virus in Creole goats from the tropical dry forest of Utcubamba, Peru.","authors":"Lucinda Tafur Gutiérrez, Gudelio Alva, David J Godoy, Hugo Frías, Miguel A Arista, William Bardales, Ricardo Encina, Segundo M Portocarrero, José A Saucedo, Juancarlos A Cruz, Nilton L Murga","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.08.0238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.24.08.0238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to report the impact of production practices and sanitary management on the prevalence of Neospora caninum (N caninum) and bluetongue virus (BTV) in Creole goats from the tropical dry forest of Utcubamba, Peru.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>354 blood samples were obtained from male and female goats of diverse ages reared under an extensive productive system. The diagnosis of N caninum and BTV was conducted through a commercial ELISA kit (iD.vet) with readings taken on a Bio-Rad iMark microplate reader at 450 nm. Additionally, a survey was conducted with 18 goat producers to categorize them based on social, technical (production, health, reproduction, nutrition, and infrastructure), environmental, and economic factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall seroprevalence of N caninum and BTV in goats was 6.21% and 7.06%, respectively, Notably, group II farmers had the highest prevalence rates at 7.69% for N caninum and 23.08% for BTV. This group comprises producers with fewer than 21 goats, while group III includes 14.3% of producers with over 60 goats and better infrastructure.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study confirms the presence of N caninum and BTV in goats of Utcubamba, Peru. Group II displayed the highest prevalence rates, suggesting that herd size and management infrastructure influence disease prevalence.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>In the tropical dry forest of Utcubamba, inadequate management of N caninum carrier agents (eg, nondewormed dogs) heightens transmission risk, while the tropical climate supports BTV vectors. Effective diagnosis and health management strategies, including vector control and biosecurity practices, are crucial for ongoing herd health monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142575231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Domestic ferrets (Mustela putorius furo) with cholecystitis commonly show hyperbilirubinemia and common bile duct dilation, gallbladder sludge, and gallbladder wall thickening on ultrasound.","authors":"Catherine Veciana Basse, Yannick Ruel, Albert Agoulon, Hugues Gaillot","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.07.0191","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.24.07.0191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To report clinical signs, biological anomalies, treatment, and outcome in domestic ferrets with cholecystitis, describe the ultrasonographic features of cholecystitis, and compare the ultrasonographic appearance of the hepatobiliary system between diseased and healthy ferrets.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>11 ferrets with confirmed cholecystitis and abdominal ultrasonography were retrospectively included. Ten healthy ferrets were prospectively recruited to undergo hepatobiliary abdominal ultrasonography. Comparisons of explanatory variables (group, age, body weight, and sex) were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most common clinical signs were nonspecific, and icterus was observed in 1/4 of diseased ferrets. Compared with healthy individuals, diseased ferrets showed a larger common bile duct (CBD; ≥ 2.8 mm), a thicker CBD wall (≥ 0.7 mm), a thicker gallbladder (GB) wall, more frequent echoic GB luminal content, visible intrahepatic bile ducts, and a greater GB volume. Bile culture was positive in 9/11 mostly for Escherichia coli (8/9). Bile cytology indicated septic purulent cholecystitis in 7/7 ferrets. Survival time after antibiotic treatment ranged from 6 to 104 weeks, with a median of 36 weeks.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Ferrets with cholecystitis presented with nonspecific clinical signs and frequently showed hyperbilirubinemia. Ultrasonography findings such as enlarged CBD, thickened CBD wall, thicker GB wall, GB sludge, visible intrahepatic bile ducts, and enlarged GB may suggest cholecystitis. Escherichia coli was commonly isolated from bile. The medium-term mortality rate was high despite targeted antibiotherapy.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>This is the first study describing the clinical signs, biological anomalies, ultrasonographic findings, and outcomes after treatment in a series of domestic ferrets with cholecystitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142575191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}