American journal of veterinary research最新文献

{"title":"7.3-mm cannulated-shaft screws show no difference in compression or load to failure compared to 7.0-mm variable-pitch screws for bovine capital physeal fracture repair.","authors":"Madison R Baker, Andrew J Niehaus, Sushmitha Durgam, Alan S Litsky, Brianna A Jordan, Hilary C Rice, Jeffrey Lakritz, Joseph W Lozier","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.03.0097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.25.03.0097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare compression and load to failure of 7.3-mm threaded-shaft screws (7.3 TSSs) and 7.0-mm variable-pitch (7.0 VP) fully threaded compression screws for bovine capital physeal fracture fixation. We hypothesized that the 7.3 TSSs would provide significantly more compression and higher load to failure than the 7.0 VP screws and that reconstructed specimens would not fail when subjected to simulated walking load.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Compression was measured utilizing wooden fracture simulators that were randomly assigned to be repaired with either 7.3 TSSs or 7.0 VP screws (n = 8), and compression was recorded with a FlexiForce sensor. Cadaveric bovine femurs with induced capital physeal fractures were repaired with either 7.3 TSSs (n = 5) or 7.0 VP screws (n = 5) before being placed through 1,400 cycles under cyclic loading and single load to failure in a load press.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median compression for the 7.3 TSSs (70.2 N; range, 44.7 to 76.3) was not significantly different compared to 7.0 VP screws (33.4 N; range, 25.55 to 40.45). No constructs failed during cyclic loading. There was no significant difference between the mean force at the time of failure of the 7.3 TSSs (6.67 ± 1.62 kN) and 7.0 VP screws (10.4 ± 3.73 kN).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>7.3 TSSs and 7.0 VP screws demonstrated no significant difference in compression or load to failure.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The present study supports the use of 7.3 TSSs and 7.0 VP screws to repair bovine capital physeal fractures. Further in vivo investigation to evaluate the impact of soft tissues and additional cycling is needed prior to implementing 7.0 VP screws in clinical cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144526070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Limb amputation has good owner satisfaction and outcomes in 22 livestock cases (2013-2023).","authors":"Charlotte Barton, Tristan C Maker, Bridget F Nottle","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.04.0115","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.25.04.0115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the outcomes of and characterize the complications associated with limb amputations in ruminants and camelids.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medical records at the Colorado State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital were electronically searched to identify any ruminants or camelids that had undergone a partial or complete limb amputation from 2013 through 2023. Information obtained included signalment, surgery information, duration of hospitalization, and complications. Long-term follow-up data were collected via an owner telephone questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 22 animals: 6 camelids, 11 caprines, 3 ovines, and 2 bovines. All animals that underwent amputation survived to discharge, with 3 cases (14%) developing transient short-term complications, including seroma or incisional infection. The mean duration of hospitalization was 3.5 days and 7.6 days for animals without and with short-term complications, respectively. Of the 18 cases that long-term follow-up was available for, 16 (89%) were alive with a good quality of life, and 2 reported minor difficulties in standing up following recumbency. Prostheses were fitted for 3 cases; however, in 2 cases owners reported that animals resented its use and were more comfortable without it. In the third case, severe sores developed; however, bilateral hindlimb amputations precluded discontinuing use.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Limb amputation is a viable option for ruminants and camelids, with good short-term and long-term outcomes in this study. Animals developing short-term complications had a longer hospitalization time. Prosthetic limbs were generally not well tolerated.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Ruminants and camelids undergoing limb amputation have a good prognosis, and this procedure should be considered as an option for cases where salvage of the limb is not possible.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144526073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of multiple drug regimens for reduction of synovitis-induced lameness pain in meat-type goats.","authors":"Mikaela M Weeder, Michael D Kleinhenz, Emily J Reppert, Andrew K Curtis, Abbie V Viscardi, Ally Leslie, Misty Bear, Bailey Fritz, Payton Dahmer, Johann F Coetzee","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.04.0134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.25.04.0134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study evaluated the analgesic effects of firocoxib, meloxicam, and transdermal flunixin in meat-type goats with experimentally induced lameness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>44 crossbred castrated meat-type goats with an average weight of 35 kg (range, 25 to 43 kg) were enrolled from June to December 2022. Lameness was induced with amphotericin B injected in the distal interphalangeal joint of the left hind lateral claw. After a washout period, lameness was reproduced in the right hind limb. Eleven treatment groups were implemented: firocoxib (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/kg), meloxicam (1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 mg/kg, transdermal flunixin (3.3, 4.2, and 5.0 mg/kg), and positive and negative control. Outcome measurements included infrared thermography, mechanical nociception threshold, plasma cortisol, plasma substance P, kinetic gait analysis, visual lameness scoring, and visual analog scoring and were collected at -24, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, and 72 hours relative to lameness induction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Transdermal flunixin at 3.3 and 5.0 mg/kg demonstrated the greatest analgesic effects from outcome measurements collected.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Transdermal flunixin meglumine provides the most effective analgesia for goats with induced lameness, suggesting it may be the preferred option for pain relief in goats with lameness symptoms.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Transdermal flunixin meglumine at 3.3 or 5.0 mg/kg provided the best results for pain mitigation in goats with induced lameness.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144526071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cornell University research and knowledge base address highly pathogenic avian influenza outbreak.","authors":"Lauren C Roberts, Francois Elvinger","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.05.0181","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.25.05.0181","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144504531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NC State leading the way in the nephrology and urology field.","authors":"Burgetta Eplin Wheeler","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.05.0165","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.25.05.0165","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144504532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feline caudal vena cava-to-aorta ratio and left atrial-to-aortic root ratio increase in acute hypervolemia.","authors":"Adam Whitelock, Katherine Nash, Keely Sayer, Wendy Goodwin","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.04.0114","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.25.04.0114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the caudal vena cava-to-aorta (CVC:Ao) ratio at the hepatorenal location and left atrial-to-aortic root (LA:Ao) ratio as ultrasonographic indicators of acute hypervolemia in cats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>10 healthy adult cats underwent general anesthesia with sevoflurane and were experimentally administered incremental volumes of lactated Ringer solution to achieve cumulative blood volume increases of 50%, 100%, 150%, and 200%. Point-of-care ultrasound measurements of the CVC:Ao and LA:Ao ratios were obtained at baseline, following each fluid bolus, and 15 minutes after the final infusion. All measurements were performed in triplicate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both CVC:Ao and LA:Ao ratios demonstrated increases from baseline at all time points. Following the initial fluid bolus (50% blood volume), the mean CVC:Ao ratio increased by 47% (mean difference, -0.51; 95% CI, -0.74 to 0.28), and the LA:Ao ratio increased by 26% (mean difference, -0.33; 95% CI, -0.58 to 0.07) from baseline. During the redistribution phase (15 minutes following final infusion), the LA:Ao ratio decreased significantly compared to postinfusion values, while the CVC:Ao ratio did not. Intraobserver reliability was good to excellent for the LA:Ao ratio (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.82 to 0.92) and moderate to good for the CVC:Ao ratio (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.70 to 0.86).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The CVC:Ao and LA:Ao ratios increased during acute hypervolemia in cats. The ultrasonographic measurements demonstrated good to excellent intraobserver reliability. The decrease in the LA:Ao ratio during the redistribution phase supports previous findings regarding rapid crystalloid redistribution in cats.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The CVC:Ao and LA:Ao ratios may serve as useful indicators of volume status in feline patients; however, studies in conscious clinical patients are warranted to further validate these findings in cats.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144493460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Running track length affects repeatability of sprint test results in working dogs.","authors":"Clara Wilson, Molly Buis, Amritha Mallikarjun, Cynthia M Otto","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.02.0070","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.25.02.0070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess whether running-track length (25 or 40 m) impacted the repeatability of results across runs using the Penn Vet Working Dog Center sprint test. While the 25-m track is standard, the impact of a longer track remains unknown. Determining whether a longer track improves repeatability is crucial for ensuring accurate performance assessments and optimizing protocols.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A counterbalanced crossover design compared within-subject variability between the 2 course distances (25 and 40 m). Seventeen working dogs in training participated in the study. Dogs were a minimum of 8 months old. Exclusion criteria were any canine illness or injury, adverse health events on test days, or a history of heat injury. The study took place from November 28 through December 15, 2023, in a temperature-controlled indoor space, with data collected 2 days/wk for 3 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Inter-run reliability within dogs was moderate for the 25-m track (0.67; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.79) and good for the 40-m track (0.82; 95% CI, 0.66 to 0.91). Dogs reached the 25-m line significantly faster when it was the interim point within the 40-m track compared to when it was the finish line.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results corroborate previous findings that the test produces repeatable results in healthy dogs, with the novel finding that the repeatability of results is improved when the track length is 40 m.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>By using this test longitudinally, veterinarians, handlers, and trainers can make data-driven decisions about a dog's readiness for sport or work, helping to prevent overtraining or injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144482887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing animal, human, and environmental health through innovation.","authors":"Younès Chorfi, Julie Blouin, David Francoz","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.06.0191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.25.06.0191","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144482886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can expanding the role of credentialed veterinary technicians benefit the conduct of clinical trials?","authors":"Talon S McKee","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.04.0131","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.25.04.0131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Credentialed veterinary technicians are often underutilized in clinical research. Additionally, there are limited prospects for career advancement in positions that maintain a clinical-facing component. In human medicine, clinical research coordinators are leveraged to achieve efficient and effective clinical studies. These roles contribute to improving recruitment, retention, and quality. Leveraging these roles in veterinary medicine can help increase the advancement of veterinary care while also allowing for the development of new career paths for credentialed veterinary technicians. However, significant investment is needed for these roles to be effective; a cost-benefit analysis is necessary for hospitals aiming to establish clinical trial centers.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144339823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methadone-fluconazole formulations provide superior clinical efficacy compared to buprenorphine injection in dogs undergoing soft tissue surgery.","authors":"Butch KuKanich, Kate KuKanich, Emily E Klocke, Micaela L Freeman, Alyson H Fitzgerald","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.03.0086","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.25.03.0086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the perioperative efficacy and safety of methadone-fluconazole injection followed by oral methadone-fluconazole-naltrexone (methadone-fluconazole) compared to IM buprenorphine followed by oral codeine (buprenorphine).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Healthy dogs undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy or castration from October 2019 through December 2019 were blocked to treatment by week. The methadone-fluconazole group treatment included methadone-fluconazole (0.5 and 2.5 mg/kg, SC) preoperatively and once postoperatively; methadone-fluconazole-naltrexone (0.5, 2.5, and 0.125 mg/kg, PO, q 12 h) and an NSAID started approximately 24 hours after surgery. The buprenorphine group included buprenorphine preoperatively (0.02 mg/kg, IM) and postoperatively (0.01 mg/kg, IM), and then codeine (1 to 2 mg/kg, PO, q 8 h) and an NSAID started approximately 8 hours postoperatively. Preoperative sedation included acepromazine; anesthetic induction included ketamine-midazolam and isoflurane anesthesia. Faculty-supervised veterinary students performed the anesthesia and surgery. The Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale assessed postoperative pain; treatment failures included total pain scores > 5 (if nonmobile), > 6 (if mobile), and need for additional analgesia/sedation. Variables of interest were compared between groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Enrollment included 119 dogs in the methadone-fluconaze group (47 male, 72 female) and 120 dogs in the buprenorphine group (44 male, 76 female). One dog was excluded (methadone-fluconazole) due to requiring additional surgery. Propofol was needed for anesthetic induction in 2 methadone-fluconazole and 8 buprenorphine dogs. Ephedrine was administered for intraoperative hypotension to 4 of 119 (methadone-fluconazole) and 8 of 120 (buprenorphine) dogs. One dog (methadone) received atropine. Mean ± SD postoperative rectal temperatures were significantly lower in methadone-fluconazole (35.6 ± 1.1 °C) than buprenorphine (36.1 ± 1.0 °C) dogs. Significantly more treatment failures occurred from buprenorphine (8 of 120) than methadone-fluconazole (1 of 119).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Methadone-fluconazole formulations provided superior clinical efficacy compared to buprenorphine.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Methadone-fluconazole formulations provide effective analgesia with twice-daily administration.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144339825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}