American journal of veterinary research最新文献

{"title":"Urinary cortisol-to-creatinine ratio using a chemiluminescent assay has limited diagnostic accuracy for canine hypercortisolism.","authors":"Francesca Del Baldo, Alessandro Tirolo, Francesco Dondi, Ada Sapignoli, Matteo Galeotti, Antonio Maria Tardo, Stefania Golinelli, Federico Fracassi","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.01.0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.25.01.0020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To establish the de novo reference interval (RI) for urinary cortisol-to-creatinine ratio (UCCR) in healthy dogs (HDs) using the currently available chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay antibody (Veterinary Cortisol; IMMULITE 2000 XPi; Siemens Healthineers) and to evaluate UCCR diagnostic performance in dogs with hypercortisolism (HC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective, single-center, observational study. Stored urine samples from dogs with HC or diseases mimicking HC (DMHC) at the time of diagnosis were selected from July 2019 through November 2022. Healthy dogs were prospectively included. The diagnostic performance of the UCCR was assessed based on receiver operating characteristic curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred seventy-two dogs were included: 97 with HC, 35 with DMHC, and 40 HDs. The de novo RI for UCCR in HDs was between 3 X 10-6 (90% CI, 2.3 X 10-6 to 3.8 X 10-6) and 26 X 10-6 (90% CI, 29.7 X 10-6 to 35.0 X 10-6). The median UCCR was significantly higher in dogs with HC (70.9 X 10-6; 6.8 X 10-6 to 882.2 X 10-6) as compared to dogs with DMHC (15 X 10-6; 2.63 X 10-6 to 137.8 X 10-6) and HDs (9.1 X 10-6; 3.9 X 10-6 to 36.3 X 10-6). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for UCCR to differentiate HC dogs from dogs with DMHC was 0.85 (95% CI, 0.78 to 0.92). Using the upper limit of the de novo RI as the cutoff value (UCCR > 26 X 10-6), the sensitivity and the specificity for the UCCR in diagnosing HC were 80.4% (95% CI, 71.1% to 87.8%) and 71.4% (95% CI, 53.7% to 85.4%), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Using the upper limit of the de novo RI, UCCR showed modest performances not only due to low specificity but also due to a sensitivity of only 80.4%.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>UCCR should not be used alone to rule out HC in dogs, and, when the clinical suspicion for HC is present, other endocrine tests should be pursued.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143966146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sublingual microcirculation in isoflurane-anesthetized horses receiving dexmedetomidine and lidocaine constant rate infusion.","authors":"Laís L Garcia, Yuri F Vicentini, Julio K Nagashima, Anderson F de Souza, Marco A A Pereira, Luis C L C da Silva, Denise T Fantoni","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.11.0340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.24.11.0340","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the sublingual microcirculation in horses anesthetized with isoflurane and undergoing constant rate infusion of dexmedetomidine (DEX) and lidocaine (LID).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>16 horses undergoing arthroscopy were included in a blind, randomized study comparing 2 groups: a DEX group (DEX-LID; 1.75 μg·kg-1·h-1 with a LID bolus of 1.3 mg·kg-1 followed by a continuous infusion of 0.05 mg·kg-1·min-1) and a LID-only group (LID; at the same dose). Hemodynamic variables, including mean, systolic, and diastolic blood pressure; heart rate; capnography; blood gas analysis; blood lactate; and orthogonal polarization spectral imaging were measured. Measurements were taken before infusion and at 15, 30, and 60 minutes after infusion initiation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No differences were observed in microcirculation variables between the groups. At 60 minutes, the total vessel density was 18.73 ± 0.97, the microvascular flow index 3.59 ± 0.39, and the De Backer score 12.4 ± 0.95 in the DEX-LID group. The total vessel density was 20.15 ± 2.23, microvascular flow index 3.62 ± 0.5, and De Backer score 13.41 ± 2.32 for the LID group. Notably, 5 of 8 horses in the LID group required ephedrine for hypotension management (mean arterial pressure < 65 mm Hg), whereas none in the DEX-LID group did.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The combination of DEX and LID during isoflurane anesthesia provided stable hemodynamic conditions during arthroscopic surgery in horses without adversely affecting sublingual microcirculation or recovery.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>These findings support that the combination of DEX and LID maintains hemodynamic variables during surgery without compromising microcirculation function.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143965444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiographs acquired before total hip replacement in dogs underestimate femoral canal flare and misjudge trochanteric overhang.","authors":"Sohee Bae, Denis J Marcellin-Little, Ridhdi Pritikin, Tanya C Garcia","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.02.0045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.25.02.0045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare measurements of canal flare index (CFI) and greater trochanter overhang (TrO) from ventrodorsal (VD) and craniocaudal horizontal beam (CCHB) radiographic views to measurements from contemporaneously acquired CT scans and to evaluate the impact of size, age, radiographic view, severity of osteoarthritis, hip subluxation, and femoral rotational malposition on CFI and TrO measurement accuracy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective study of femurs imaged from June 28, 2018, through March 27, 2023. The CFI and linear TrO index measured from VD and CCHB radiographs and from CT-derived surface renderings of the femur prepared with -10°, -5°, 0°, +5°, and +10° of rotation using computer-aided design software were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>80 femora from 43 dogs were included. Radiographs measured CFI with errors > 0.2 in 81% of VD views and 77% of CCHB views and yielded linear TrO measurements with errors > 20% of canal radius in 75% of VD and 74% of CCHB views. The TrO grade was incorrect for 44% of femurs on VD views and 30% of femurs on CCHB views. Internal femoral rotation of 10° significantly influenced CT measurements of CFI and TrO. Severity of osteoarthritis and hip subluxation did not influence measurements.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Measurements of CFI and TrO from VD and CCHB views are inaccurate relative to CT measurements.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Radiographic measurements underestimate CFI and poorly predict TrO. A CT of the femur should be considered when accurate measurements of CFI and TrO are sought, particularly for femurs with abnormal geometry.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143956052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased adventitial thickening is a feature of pulmonary arterial remodeling in cats with bronchiolar disorders.","authors":"Rachel St-Arnaud Massicotte, Kurt Williams, Carol Reinero, Bérénice Conversy, Isabelle Masseau","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.02.0039","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.25.02.0039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare pulmonary arterial remodeling in cats with histopathologic diagnosis of bronchiolar disorder (BD) to control cats without BD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Lung tissue from cats with primary or secondary BD (n = 13) were compared to control cats without histopathological evidence of pulmonary and cardiac disease (n = 13). Wall-to-lumen ratio scores, wall cross-sectional area, and intimal, medial, and adventitial tunic areas were compared between groups for small (70 to 300 μm), medium (301 to 999 μm), and large (≥ 1,000 µm) pulmonary arteries. Analysis used linear or linear mixed models and γ-log or arcsine distributions. Post hoc tests were performed, when applicable, with the Tukey method. Benjamini-Hochberg corrections were applied to multiple pairwise comparisons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Remodeling of pulmonary arteries was found in both groups, affecting more small pulmonary arteries, medium pulmonary arteries, and large pulmonary arteries, in that order. Pulmonary arterial remodeling in cats without BD consisted of medial hypertrophy and occasional intimal fibrosis. While having changes to the intima and media, cats with BD also showed increased adventitial collagen. No significant differences were noted between groups for wall-to-lumen scores and wall cross-sectional area for all 3 categories of arteries. Adventitial area was, on average, 1.3-fold larger in cats with BD compared to controls (P = .012), whereas no difference was found for intimal and medial areas between groups (P = .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results show that cats with BD have a thicker adventitial tunic than control cats.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The adventitial tunic of pulmonary arteries may represent a potential target for therapy in cats with BD.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143952601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leash attachment and device position on the collar does not interfere with monitoring dog activity using FitBark 2 triaxial accelerometry during routine walks.","authors":"Samantha J McCarter, Stephen R Werre, Orsolya Balogh","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.12.0393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.24.12.0393","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the significance of leash attachment and device positioning along the collar of a commercial triaxial accelerometer (FitBark 2) on physical activity measurements during leashed walks in dogs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>10 medium- to large-breed healthy dogs (1 to 11 years old) were enrolled for a 3- to 14-day period. Dogs were fitted with 2 collars with 2 devices on each (dorsolateral leash [LL], dorsolateral no leash [L-NL], ventral leash [VL], ventral no leash [V-NL]) that were worn during 6 to 11 walks where the leash was only attached to 1 designated collar. Device outputs (ie, total and average BarkPoints) were analyzed using Pearson correlation and mixed models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a very high correlation between all devices. Using mixed models, activity outputs did not differ between devices on leashed collars compared to their nonleashed counterparts (LL vs L-NL, VL vs V-NL) or between devices on the nonleashed collar (L-NL vs V-NL). Total and average BarkPoints differed significantly between devices on the leashed collar (LL vs VL). The total BarkPoints difference between LL and VL remained unchanged with increasing walk duration, and thus the percentage difference decreased over time.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Triaxial accelerometry can be used to monitor the activity of dogs during routine walks without significant interference of the leash attachment or the device position along the collar.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Leash attachment and device orientation are important variables to validate accurate long-term physical activity measurements.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143958693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How philanthropy drives discovery at the University of California-Davis.","authors":"Mark Stetter, Tom Hinds","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.03.0083","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.25.03.0083","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143810327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Topical and oral emodepside formulations for last-line treatment of multianthelmintic drug-resistant hookworms when given orally to dogs are not bioequivalent.","authors":"Theresa A Quintana, Greta N Karwath, Erin J Mayhue, Maria C Jugan, Jeba R J Jesudoss Chelladurai, Stephanie E Martinez","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.01.0027","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.25.01.0027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the pharmacokinetics of emodepside in dogs following single-dose administration of the FDA-approved feline topical solution orally and topically and the European Medicines Agency-approved canine modified-release tablet orally and to assess the bioequivalence of the feline topical solution administered orally compared to the canine modified-release tablet.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was conducted in 3 phases, during which dogs received single doses of emodepside as the feline topical solution (1 mg/kg) orally, the canine modified-release tablet (1 mg/kg) orally, and the topical feline solution (3 mg/kg) topically. Plasma pharmacokinetic profiles were determined for 21 days postdose. Bioequivalence testing was conducted for orally administered emodepside.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>7 healthy client-owned dogs (4 female and 3 male) were prospectively enrolled in this crossover study from May through August 2023. Oral administration of the feline topical solution resulted in markedly greater emodepside absorption than the modified-release tablet and was not bioequivalent. Emodepside plasma concentrations following topical administration of the FDA formulation were 36- to 122-fold lower than after oral administration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The feline topical solution administered orally at 1 mg/kg is not bioequivalent to the canine modified-release tablet. Markedly higher absorption of the feline topical solution administered orally raises potential safety concerns for extralabel use in dogs to treat multianthelmintic drug-resistant hookworm infections. Poor absorption following topical administration suggests it may be unsuitable for treating multianthelmintic drug-resistant hookworm infections.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>These findings highlight potential emodepside toxicity risks with extralabel use of the FDA-approved topical feline product and help inform safe off-label use in dogs.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143787530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maropitant citrate exhibits rapid absorption, short half-life, and fast clearance in orange-winged Amazon parrots (Amazona amazonica) following subcutaneous and intravenous administration.","authors":"Ariella Darvish, David Sanchez-Migallon Guzman, Hugues Beaufrère, Heather K Knych, Olivia A Petritz","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.02.0040","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.25.02.0040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine pharmacokinetic parameters after IV and SC administration of a single dose of maropitant.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this experimental study, adult orange-winged Amazon parrots were administered a single dose of maropitant (1 mg/kg) SC and IV with an 8-week washout period between experiments. Blood samples were collected at 0.5, 1.5, 2, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 24 hours after drug administration for the SC study. For the IV study, samples were taken at the same time points with additional collections at 5 minutes and 36 hours. Plasma maropitant was determined with LC-MS-MS, and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using a noncompartmental model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 8 orange-winged Amazon parrots (2 female and 6 male) were used in this study. Mean ± SD maximum concentration after SC administration was 130.9 ± 24.6 ng/mL and was reached at 0.5 ± 0 hours. Combined terminal half-life after SC administration was 6.67 hours. Bioavailability after SC administration was 85%. Plasma concentration at 24 hours was negligible and nearly identical between SC and IV administrations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A single dose of 1 mg/kg was well tolerated in all birds IV and SC. Maropitant rapidly attained plasma concentrations following SC administration and had a relatively high bioavailability and short half-life.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The results of this study suggest that the currently used doses and dosing intervals for maropitant in psittacine birds do not maintain above-target plasma concentrations considered therapeutic in dogs and may be insufficient to achieve systemic effects comparable to those observed in other species.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143787529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intranasal alfaxalone in cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) does not produce sedation compared to intramuscular alfaxalone with or without midazolam.","authors":"Susan M Jones, Olivia A Petritz, Katherine R Cassady, Kim Love, Julie A Balko","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.11.0361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.24.11.0361","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the sedative effects of intranasal (IN) alfaxalone to IM alfaxalone with or without IM midazolam in cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective, blinded, crossover study was performed on 8 healthy male cockatiels from February through April 2021. Birds randomly received 4 treatments with at least a 1-week washout period: alfaxalone at 15 mg/kg, IN (IN-A); alfaxalone at 15 mg/kg, IM, with (IM-AM) or without (IM-A) midazolam at 3 mg/kg, IM; and midazolam at 3 mg/kg, IM (IM-M). Time to recumbency and heart and respiratory rates were recorded. Ten minutes following administration, birds were restrained for sham 2-view radiographs and venipuncture. Following venipuncture, flumazenil at 0.1 mg/kg, IM, was administered (IM-AM and IM-M). Time to standing was recorded. Data were analyzed using a linear mixed model, a mixed effects γ-regression model, and Cochran Q, Friedman, and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No sedative effects were observed in IN-A. Recumbency was achieved in 0/8, 5/8, 8/8, and 0/8 birds in IN-A, IM-A, IM-AM, and IM-M, respectively. Respiratory and heart rates remained within acceptable limits in all birds. Sham radiographs were acquired in 0/8, 1/8, 6/8, and 0/8 birds in IN-A, IM-A, IM-AM, and IM-M, respectively. Venipuncture was successful in all birds with median lactate concentrations of 4.9, 2.4, 1.0, and 1.8 mmol/L in IN-A, IM-A, IM-AM, and IM-M, respectively. Median (range) time to standing after handling in IM-A and IM-AM was 8.8 (0 to 15.0) and 14.5 (0.6 to 15.5) min, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Intranasal alfaxalone at 15 mg/kg did not produce sedation.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Intramuscular alfaxalone at 15 mg/kg with midazolam at 3 mg/kg produced sedation in cockatiels.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wire gauge is not a reliable indicator of the diameter, tensile strength, or handling properties of orthopedic wire: an experimental study.","authors":"Elena M Pfisterer, Steven W Frederick, Alan R Cross","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.01.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.25.01.0007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To experimentally compare the diameter, maximal tension, number of twists, and slope of tension prior to failure for 18-gauge orthopedic wire from 3 vendors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>On November 22, 2024, 25 samples of 18-gauge orthopedic wire were each cut from spools of 3 different commercially available orthopedic wire brands (group A, IMEX; group B, VOI; group C, JORVET). Each sample's diameter was measured with a digital micrometer. Wires were secured with a twist knot around a simulated bone model attached to a digital load cell. Tension was recorded with each full twist until the wire broke. Maximum tension and number of twists prior to failure were recorded. Analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for comparative analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Wire diameter (SD [mm]) was statistically smaller in group A (0.99 [0.01]) than in groups B (1.19 [0.01]) and C (1.2 [0.01]), and group C was statistically larger than B. Mean (SD) maximum tension was lower in group A (191.6 N [37.3]) than groups B (271.9 N [41.3]) or C (288.4 N [42.2]) but not statistically different between groups B and C.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Metrics of orthopedic wire gauge were not standardized across all suppliers. Smaller-diameter wire had a lower maximum tension but greater ductility and withstood more twists prior to wire breakage than larger-diameter wire.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Wire gauge is a flawed metric when specifying or describing wire size and subsequent mechanical behavior. Future clinical and research publications should specify wire gauge and wire diameter to promote accuracy due to the lack of standardization.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}